usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  *
  33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  34  * @(#)vmstat.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
  36  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.20 2006/01/28 17:18:48 y0netan1 Exp $
  37  */
  38
  39 #define _KERNEL_STRUCTURES
  40
  41 #include <sys/param.h>
  42 #include <sys/time.h>
  43 #include <sys/user.h>
  44 #include <sys/uio.h>
  45 #include <sys/namei.h>
  46 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  47 #include <sys/signal.h>
  48 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  49 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  51 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  52
  53 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  54
  55 #include <ctype.h>
  56 #include <err.h>
  57 #include <errno.h>
  58 #include <kinfo.h>
  59 #include <kvm.h>
  60 #include <limits.h>
  61 #include <nlist.h>
  62 #include <paths.h>
  63 #include <stdio.h>
  64 #include <stdlib.h>
  65 #include <string.h>
  66 #include <sysexits.h>
  67 #include <time.h>
  68 #include <unistd.h>
  69 #include <devstat.h>
  70
  71 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  72 #define X_BOOTTIME      0
  73         { "_boottime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  74 #define X_NCHSTATS      1
  75         { "_nchstats",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  76 #define X_KMEMSTATISTICS        2
  77         { "_kmemstatistics",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  78 #define X_ZLIST         3
  79         { "_zlist",     0, 0, 0, 0 },
  80 #ifdef notyet
  81 #define X_DEFICIT       4
  82         { "_deficit",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  83 #define X_FORKSTAT      5
  84         { "_forkstat",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  85 #define X_REC           6
  86         { "_rectime",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  87 #define X_PGIN          7
  88         { "_pgintime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  89 #define X_XSTATS        8
  90         { "_xstats",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  91 #define X_END           9
  92 #else
  93 #define X_END           4
  94 #endif
  95         { "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  96 };
  97
  98 struct statinfo cur, last;
  99 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
 100 long generation;
 101 struct device_selection *dev_select;
 102 int num_selected;
 103 struct devstat_match *matches;
 104 int num_matches = 0;
 105 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
 106 long select_generation;
 107 char **specified_devices;
 108 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
 109
 110 struct  vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
 111 struct  vmstats vms, ovms;
 112
 113 int     winlines = 20;
 114 int     nflag = 0;
 115
 116 kvm_t *kd;
 117
 118 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
 119
 120 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 121 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 122 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 123 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 124 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 125 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 126 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 127
 128 static void cpustats(void);
 129 static void dointr(void);
 130 static void domem(void);
 131 static void dosum(void);
 132 static void dozmem(void);
 133 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
 134 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
 135 static void usage(void);
 136 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
 137 static long getuptime(void);
 138 static void needhdr(int);
 139 static long pct(long, long);
 140
 141 #ifdef notyet
 142 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
 143 static void doforkst(void);
 144 #endif
 145 static void printhdr(void);
 146 static void devstats(void);
 147
 148 int
 149 main(int argc, char **argv)
 150 {
 151         int c, todo;
 152         u_int interval;
 153         int reps;
 154         char *memf, *nlistf;
 155         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 156
 157         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 158         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 159         maxshowdevs = 2;
 160         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stw:z")) != -1) {
 161                 switch (c) {
 162                 case 'c':
 163                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 164                         break;
 165                 case 'f':
 166 #ifdef notyet
 167                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 168 #else
 169                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
 170 #endif
 171                         break;
 172                 case 'i':
 173                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 174                         break;
 175                 case 'M':
 176                         memf = optarg;
 177                         break;
 178                 case 'm':
 179                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 180                         break;
 181                 case 'N':
 182                         nlistf = optarg;
 183                         break;
 184                 case 'n':
 185                         nflag = 1;
 186                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 187                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 188                                 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 189                                      maxshowdevs);
 190                         break;
 191                 case 'p':
 192                         if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 193                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 194                         break;
 195                 case 's':
 196                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 197                         break;
 198                 case 't':
 199 #ifdef notyet
 200                         todo |= TIMESTAT;
 201 #else
 202                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
 203 #endif
 204                         break;
 205                 case 'w':
 206                         interval = atoi(optarg);
 207                         break;
 208                 case 'z':
 209                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 210                         break;
 211                 default:
 212                         usage();
 213                 }
 214         }
 215         argc -= optind;
 216         argv += optind;
 217
 218         if (todo == 0)
 219                 todo = VMSTAT;
 220
 221         /*
 222          * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
 223          * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
 224          */
 225         if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
 226                 setgid(getgid());
 227
 228         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 229         if (kd == 0)
 230                 errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 231
 232         if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 233                 if (c > 0) {
 234                         warnx("undefined symbols:");
 235                         for (c = 0; c < (int)__arysize(namelist); c++)
 236                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 237                                         fprintf(stderr, " %s",
 238                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 239                         fputc('\n', stderr);
 240                 } else
 241                         warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 242                 exit(1);
 243         }
 244
 245         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 246                 struct winsize winsize;
 247
 248                 /*
 249                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 250                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 251                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 252                  */
 253                 if (checkversion() < 0)
 254                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 255
 256
 257                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 258                 winsize.ws_row = 0;
 259                 ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
 260                 if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
 261                         winlines = winsize.ws_row;
 262
 263         }
 264
 265 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 266 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 267         if (*argv) {
 268                 interval = atoi(*argv);
 269                 if (*++argv)
 270                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 271         }
 272 #endif
 273
 274         if (interval) {
 275                 if (!reps)
 276                         reps = -1;
 277         } else if (reps)
 278                 interval = 1;
 279
 280 #ifdef notyet
 281         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 282                 doforkst();
 283 #endif
 284         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 285                 domem();
 286         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 287                 dozmem();
 288         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 289                 dosum();
 290 #ifdef notyet
 291         if (todo & TIMESTAT)
 292                 dotimes();
 293 #endif
 294         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 295                 dointr();
 296         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 297                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 298         exit(0);
 299 }
 300
 301 static char **
 302 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 303 {
 304         if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
 305                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 306
 307         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 308         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 309         bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 310         bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 311
 312         if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
 313                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 314
 315         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 316         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 317
 318         specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
 319         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 320                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 321                         break;
 322                 num_devices_specified++;
 323                 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
 324                                                      sizeof(char *) *
 325                                                      num_devices_specified);
 326                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 327         }
 328         dev_select = NULL;
 329
 330         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 331                         maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 332
 333         /*
 334          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 335          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 336          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 337          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 338          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 339          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 340          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 341          * those devices.
 342          */
 343         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 344                 if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 345                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 346
 347                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 348         } else
 349                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 350
 351         /*
 352          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 353          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 354          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 355          */
 356         if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 357                        &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 358                        num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 359                        num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 360                        maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 361                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 362
 363         return(argv);
 364 }
 365
 366 static long
 367 getuptime(void)
 368 {
 369         static time_t now, boottime;
 370         time_t uptime;
 371
 372         if (boottime == 0)
 373                 kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
 374         time(&now);
 375         uptime = now - boottime;
 376         if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
 377                 errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
 378         return(uptime);
 379 }
 380
 381 int     hdrcnt;
 382
 383 static void
 384 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
 385 {
 386         struct vmtotal total;
 387         time_t uptime, halfuptime;
 388         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 389         int vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 390         int vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 391         int vmt_size = sizeof(total);
 392
 393         uptime = getuptime();
 394         halfuptime = uptime / 2;
 395         signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 396
 397         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 398                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 399                         printhdr();
 400                 if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
 401                         err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
 402
 403                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 404                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 405                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 406                 last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
 407
 408                 /*
 409                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 410                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 411                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 412                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 413                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 414                  */
 415                 switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
 416                 case -1:
 417                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 418                         break;
 419                 case 1: {
 420                         int retval;
 421
 422                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 423                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 424
 425                         retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 426                                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 427                                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 428                                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 429                                             specified_devices,
 430                                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 431                                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 432                         switch (retval) {
 433                         case -1:
 434                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 435                                 break;
 436                         case 1:
 437                                 printhdr();
 438                                 break;
 439                         default:
 440                                 break;
 441                         }
 442                 }
 443                 default:
 444                         break;
 445                 }
 446
 447                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 448                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 449                         exit(1);
 450                 }
 451                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 452                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
 453                         exit(1);
 454                 }
 455                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
 456                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
 457                         exit(1);
 458                 }
 459                 printf("%2d %1d %1d",
 460                     total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
 461 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * vms.v_page_size >> 10)
 462 #define rate(x) (((x) + halfuptime) / uptime)   /* round */
 463                 printf(" %7ld %6ld ",
 464                     (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm), (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
 465                 printf("%4lu ",
 466                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_vm_faults - ovmm.v_vm_faults));
 467                 printf("%3lu ",
 468                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_reactivated - ovmm.v_reactivated));
 469                 printf("%3lu ",
 470                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
 471                     (ovmm.v_swapin + ovmm.v_vnodein)));
 472                 printf("%3lu ",
 473                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
 474                     (ovmm.v_swapout + ovmm.v_vnodeout)));
 475                 printf("%3lu ",
 476                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree));
 477                 printf("%3lu ",
 478                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_pdpages - ovmm.v_pdpages));
 479                 devstats();
 480                 printf("%4lu %4lu %3lu ",
 481                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
 482                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_syscall - ovmm.v_syscall),
 483                     (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swtch - ovmm.v_swtch));
 484                 cpustats();
 485                 printf("\n");
 486                 fflush(stdout);
 487                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 488                         break;
 489                 ovmm = vmm;
 490                 uptime = interval;
 491                 /*
 492                  * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
 493                  * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per second).
 494                  */
 495                 if (interval != 1)
 496                         halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
 497                 else
 498                         halfuptime = 0;
 499                 sleep(interval);
 500         }
 501 }
 502
 503 static void
 504 printhdr(void)
 505 {
 506         int i, num_shown;
 507
 508         num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
 509         printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
 510         if (num_shown > 1)
 511                 printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
 512         else if (num_shown == 1)
 513                 printf("disk");
 514         printf("   faults      cpu\n");
 515         printf(" r b w     avm    fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
 516         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 517                 if ((dev_select[i].selected)
 518                  && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 519                         printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
 520                                      dev_select[i].device_name[1],
 521                                      dev_select[i].unit_number);
 522         printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
 523         hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
 524 }
 525
 526 /*
 527  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 528  */
 529 static void
 530 needhdr(__unused int signo)
 531 {
 532
 533         hdrcnt = 1;
 534 }
 535
 536 static long
 537 pct(long top, long bot)
 538 {
 539         long ans;
 540
 541         if (bot == 0)
 542                 return(0);
 543         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 544         return (ans);
 545 }
 546
 547 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 548
 549 static void
 550 dosum(void)
 551 {
 552         struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
 553         int vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 554         int vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 555         int cpucnt;
 556         u_long nchtotal;
 557         size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
 558
 559         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 560                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 561                 exit(1);
 562         }
 563         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 564                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 565                 exit(1);
 566         }
 567         printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
 568         printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
 569         printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
 570         printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
 571         printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
 572         printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
 573         printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
 574         printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
 575         printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
 576         printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
 577         printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
 578         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
 579         printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
 580         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
 581         printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
 582         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
 583         printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
 584         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
 585         printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
 586         printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
 587         printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
 588         printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
 589         printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
 590         printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
 591         printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
 592         printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
 593         printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
 594         printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
 595         printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
 596         printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
 597         printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
 598         printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
 599         printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
 600         printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
 601         printf("%9u pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
 602         printf("%9u pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
 603         printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
 604         printf("%9u pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
 605         printf("%9u pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
 606         printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
 607
 608         if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
 609                 perror("malloc");
 610                 exit(1);
 611         } else {
 612                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
 613                         perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
 614                         free(nch_tmp);
 615                         exit(1);
 616                 } else {
 617                         if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
 618                                 perror("realloc");
 619                                 exit(1);
 620                         }
 621                 }
 622         }
 623
 624         cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
 625         kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
 626
 627         nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
 628             nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
 629             nchstats.ncs_miss + nchstats.ncs_long;
 630         printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
 631         printf(
 632             "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
 633             "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
 634             PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
 635             PCT(nchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
 636         printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
 637             PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
 638             PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
 639             PCT(nchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
 640         free(nch_tmp);
 641 }
 642
 643 #ifdef notyet
 644 void
 645 doforkst(void)
 646 {
 647         struct forkstat fks;
 648
 649         kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
 650         printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 651             fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
 652         printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 653             fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
 654 }
 655 #endif
 656
 657 static void
 658 devstats(void)
 659 {
 660         int dn;
 661         long double transfers_per_second;
 662         long double busy_seconds;
 663
 664         diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
 665         diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
 666         diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
 667         diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
 668         diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
 669         old_cp_time = cp_time;
 670
 671         busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
 672
 673         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
 674                 int di;
 675
 676                 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
 677                  || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
 678                         continue;
 679
 680                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
 681
 682                 if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
 683                                   &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
 684                                   NULL, NULL, NULL,
 685                                   NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
 686                                   NULL, NULL) != 0)
 687                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 688
 689                 printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
 690         }
 691 }
 692
 693 static void
 694 cpustats(void)
 695 {
 696         uint64_t total;
 697         double totusage;
 698
 699         total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
 700             diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
 701
 702         if (total)
 703                 totusage = 100.0 / total;
 704         else
 705                 totusage = 0;
 706         printf("%2.0f ",
 707                (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
 708         printf("%2.0f ",
 709                (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
 710         printf("%2.0f",
 711                diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
 712 }
 713
 714 static void
 715 dointr(void)
 716 {
 717         u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
 718         u_int64_t inttotal;
 719         size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
 720         int nwidth;
 721         char *intrstr;
 722         char **intrname;
 723
 724         uptime = getuptime();
 725         if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
 726                 errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
 727         intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
 728         if (intrstr == NULL)
 729                 err(1, "malloc");
 730         sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
 731         for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
 732                 if (intrstr[i] == 0)
 733                         nintr++;
 734         }
 735         intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
 736         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 737                 intrname[i] = intrstr;
 738                 intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
 739         }
 740
 741         size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
 742         intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(*intrcnt));
 743         if (intrcnt == NULL)
 744                 err(1, "malloc");
 745         sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
 746
 747         nwidth = 8;
 748         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 749                 if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
 750                         nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
 751         }
 752
 753         printf("interrupt                   total       rate\n");
 754         inttotal = 0;
 755         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 756                 if (intrcnt[i] || strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3) != 0) {
 757                         printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
 758                                 nwidth, nwidth, intrname[i],
 759                                 intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
 760                 }
 761                 inttotal += intrcnt[i];
 762         }
 763         printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
 764                 nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
 765                 inttotal, inttotal / (u_int64_t) uptime);
 766 }
 767
 768 #define MAX_KMSTATS     200
 769
 770 static long
 771 cpuagg(long *ary)
 772 {
 773     int i;
 774     long ttl;
 775
 776     for (i = ttl = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 777         ttl += ary[i];
 778     return(ttl);
 779 }
 780
 781 static void
 782 domem(void)
 783 {
 784         struct malloc_type *ks;
 785         int i, j;
 786         int first, nkms;
 787         long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
 788         struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
 789         char buf[1024];
 790
 791         kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
 792         for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
 793                 if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
 794                     &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
 795                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
 796                 if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
 797                     (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
 798                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
 799                             kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
 800                 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 801                 kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
 802                 kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
 803         }
 804         if (kmsp != NULL)
 805                 warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
 806
 807         printf(
 808             "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
 809         printf(
 810 "        Type  InUse MemUse HighUse  Limit Requests  Limit Limit Size(s)\n");
 811         for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
 812                 if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
 813                         continue;
 814                 printf("%13s%6ld%6ldK%7ldK%7ldK%9lld%5u%6u",
 815                     ks->ks_shortdesc,
 816                     cpuagg(ks->ks_inuse), (cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse) + 1023) / 1024,
 817                     (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
 818                     (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, ks->ks_calls,
 819                     ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
 820                 first = 1;
 821                 for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
 822                         if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
 823                                 continue;
 824                         if (first)
 825                                 printf("  ");
 826                         else
 827                                 printf(",");
 828                         if(j<1024)
 829                                 printf("%d",j);
 830                         else
 831                                 printf("%dK",j>>10);
 832                         first = 0;
 833                 }
 834                 printf("\n");
 835                 totuse += cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse);
 836                 totreq += ks->ks_calls;
 837         }
 838         printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
 839         printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
 840              (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
 841 }
 842
 843 static void
 844 dozmem(void)
 845 {
 846         char *buf;
 847         size_t bufsize;
 848
 849         buf = NULL;
 850         bufsize = 1024;
 851         for (;;) {
 852                 if ((buf = realloc(buf, bufsize)) == NULL)
 853                         err(1, "realloc()");
 854                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.zone", buf, &bufsize, 0, NULL) == 0)
 855                         break;
 856                 if (errno != ENOMEM)
 857                         err(1, "sysctl()");
 858                 bufsize *= 2;
 859         }
 860         buf[bufsize] = '\0'; /* play it safe */
 861         printf("%s\n\n", buf);
 862         free(buf);
 863 }
 864
 865 /*
 866  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
 867  */
 868 static void
 869 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
 870 {
 871         const char *sym;
 872
 873         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
 874                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
 875                 if (*sym == '_')
 876                         ++sym;
 877                 errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
 878         }
 879         if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
 880                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
 881                 if (*sym == '_')
 882                         ++sym;
 883                 errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
 884         }
 885 }
 886
 887 static void
 888 usage(void)
 889 {
 890         fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
 891                 "usage: vmstat [-imsz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
 892                 "              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
 893         exit(1);
 894 }