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28 .\" @(#)swapon.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
29 .\" $FreeBSD: src/sbin/swapon/swapon.8,v 1.15.2.2 2001/12/14 15:17:56 ru Exp $
35 .Nm swapon , swapoff , swapctl
36 .Nd "specify devices for paging and swapping"
38 .Nm swapon Fl aceiq | Ar
39 .Nm swapoff Fl aq | Ar
52 utilities are used to control swap devices in the system.
53 At boot time all swap entries in
55 are added automatically when the system goes multi-user.
56 Swap devices use a fixed interleave; the maximum number of devices
57 is specified by the kernel configuration option
59 which is typically set to 4.
60 There is no priority mechanism.
64 utility adds the specified swap devices to the system.
67 option is used, all swap devices in
70 The following options are supported:
71 .Bl -tag -width indent
73 The device is ignored and will not be added or removed with this option.
75 Swap will be encrpted with a random key using a /dev/mapper name of
77 for example 'swap-da0s1b'.
78 This will also load the dm_target_crypt module if necessary.
80 Swap will be TRIMed if the device supports it, otherwise this option
86 option is used informational messages will not be
87 written to standard output when a swap device is added.
90 option is used, the device will be encrypted with a random
94 option is used, the device will be trimmed if
95 it supports trim and the trim_enabled sysctl is on.
98 option asks user confirmation before adding a swap device.
102 utility removes the specified swap devices from the system.
105 option is used, all swap devices in
107 will be removed, unless their
112 option is used the device is mapped to the appropriate crypto device
113 and the crypto device is removed as well.
114 If this option is specified in
116 then it should also be specified in
120 option is used informational messages will not be
121 written to standard output when a swap device is removed.
124 will fail and refuse to remove a swap device if there is insufficient
125 VM (memory + remaining swap devices) to run the system.
129 must move swapped pages out of the device being removed which could
130 lead to high system loads for a period of time, depending on how
131 much data has been swapped out to that device.
135 utility exists primarily for those familiar with other
138 used to add, remove, or list swap devices.
141 option is used differently in
143 and indicates that a specific list of devices should be added.
146 option indicates that a specific list should be removed.
153 operate on all swap entries in
155 which do not have their
159 Swap information can be generated using the
169 utility has the following options for listing swap:
170 .Bl -tag -width indent
172 Output values in human-readable form.
174 Output values in gigabytes.
176 Output values in kilobytes.
178 Output values in megabytes.
180 List the devices making up system swap.
182 Print a summary line for system swap.
184 The swap is or should be crypted.
186 Attempts to Trim the device if -[Aa] is used.
188 Asks user confirmation when -a is used.
194 environment variable is used if not specifically
196 1K blocks are used by default.
199 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /dev/{ad,da}?s?b" -compact
200 .It Pa /dev/{ad,da}?s?b
201 standard paging devices
203 vnode disk paging device
205 ASCII filesystem description table
207 ASCII vnode file table
210 These utilities may fail for the reasons described in
228 utilities appeared in
230 and were later ported to