1 .\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
2 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
5 .\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3,
6 .\" on Information Processing Systems.
8 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 .\" without specific prior written permission.
20 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32 .\" @(#)fgets.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
33 .\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/stdio/fgets.3,v 1.22 2009/02/28 06:00:58 das Exp $
34 .\" $DragonFly: src/lib/libc/stdio/fgets.3,v 1.3 2004/06/08 00:29:03 hmp Exp $
42 .Nd get a line from a stream
48 .Fn fgets "char * restrict str" "int size" "FILE * restrict stream"
55 reads at most one less than the number of characters specified by
59 and stores them in the string
61 Reading stops when a newline character is found,
62 at end-of-file or error.
63 The newline, if any, is retained.
64 If any characters are read and there is no error, a
66 character is appended to end the string.
79 except that the newline character (if any) is not stored in the string.
80 It is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the input line,
81 if any, is sufficiently short to fit in the string.
83 Upon successful completion,
88 a pointer to the string.
89 If end-of-file occurs before any characters are read,
92 and the buffer contents remain unchanged.
96 and the buffer contents are indeterminate.
102 do not distinguish between end-of-file and error, and callers must use
106 to determine which occurred.
112 is not a readable stream.
117 may also fail and set
119 for any of the errors specified for the routines
128 may also fail and set
130 for any of the errors specified for the routine
132 .Sh SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
135 function cannot be used securely.
136 Because of its lack of bounds checking,
137 and the inability for the calling program
138 to reliably determine the length of the next incoming line,
139 the use of this function enables malicious users
140 to arbitrarily change a running program's functionality through
141 a buffer overflow attack.
142 It is strongly suggested that the
144 function be used in all cases.