sbin/newfs_hammer/newfs_hammer.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2007 The DragonFly Project.  All rights reserved.
   3  *
   4  * This code is derived from software contributed to The DragonFly Project
   5  * by Matthew Dillon <dillon@backplane.com>
   6  *
   7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   9  * are met:
  10  *
  11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
  15  *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
  16  *    distribution.
  17  * 3. Neither the name of The DragonFly Project nor the names of its
  18  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
  19  *    from this software without specific, prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
  22  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  23  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
  24  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  25  * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
  27  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
  28  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
  29  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
  30  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
  31  * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  33  *
  34  * $DragonFly: src/sbin/newfs_hammer/newfs_hammer.c,v 1.31 2008/06/17 04:03:37 dillon Exp $
  35  */
  36
  37 #include "newfs_hammer.h"
  38
  39 static int64_t getsize(const char *str, int64_t minval, int64_t maxval, int pw);
  40 static const char *sizetostr(off_t size);
  41 static void check_volume(struct volume_info *vol);
  42 static void format_volume(struct volume_info *vol, int nvols,const char *label,
  43                         off_t total_size);
  44 static hammer_off_t format_root(void);
  45 static void usage(void);
  46
  47 int
  48 main(int ac, char **av)
  49 {
  50         u_int32_t status;
  51         off_t total;
  52         int ch;
  53         int i;
  54         const char *label = NULL;
  55         struct volume_info *vol;
  56
  57         /*
  58          * Sanity check basic filesystem structures.  No cookies for us
  59          * if it gets broken!
  60          */
  61         assert(sizeof(struct hammer_volume_ondisk) <= HAMMER_BUFSIZE);
  62         assert(sizeof(struct hammer_blockmap_layer1) == 32);
  63         assert(sizeof(struct hammer_blockmap_layer2) == 16);
  64
  65         /*
  66          * Generate a filesysem id and lookup the filesystem type
  67          */
  68         uuidgen(&Hammer_FSId, 1);
  69         uuid_name_lookup(&Hammer_FSType, "DragonFly HAMMER", &status);
  70         if (status != uuid_s_ok) {
  71                 errx(1, "uuids file does not have the DragonFly "
  72                         "HAMMER filesystem type");
  73         }
  74
  75         /*
  76          * Parse arguments
  77          */
  78         while ((ch = getopt(ac, av, "L:b:m:u:")) != -1) {
  79                 switch(ch) {
  80                 case 'L':
  81                         label = optarg;
  82                         break;
  83                 case 'b':
  84                         BootAreaSize = getsize(optarg,
  85                                          HAMMER_BUFSIZE,
  86                                          HAMMER_BOOT_MAXBYTES, 2);
  87                         break;
  88                 case 'm':
  89                         MemAreaSize = getsize(optarg,
  90                                          HAMMER_BUFSIZE,
  91                                          HAMMER_MEM_MAXBYTES, 2);
  92                         break;
  93                 case 'u':
  94                         UndoBufferSize = getsize(optarg,
  95                                          HAMMER_LARGEBLOCK_SIZE,
  96                                          HAMMER_LARGEBLOCK_SIZE *
  97                                          HAMMER_UNDO_LAYER2, 2);
  98                         break;
  99                 default:
 100                         usage();
 101                         break;
 102                 }
 103         }
 104
 105         if (label == NULL) {
 106                 fprintf(stderr,
 107                         "newfs_hammer: A filesystem label must be specified\n");
 108                 exit(1);
 109         }
 110
 111         /*
 112          * Collect volume information
 113          */
 114         ac -= optind;
 115         av += optind;
 116         NumVolumes = ac;
 117         RootVolNo = 0;
 118
 119         total = 0;
 120         for (i = 0; i < NumVolumes; ++i) {
 121                 vol = setup_volume(i, av[i], 1, O_RDWR);
 122
 123                 /*
 124                  * Load up information on the volume and initialize
 125                  * its remaining fields.
 126                  */
 127                 check_volume(vol);
 128                 total += vol->size;
 129         }
 130
 131         /*
 132          * Calculate defaults for the boot and memory area sizes.
 133          */
 134         if (BootAreaSize == 0) {
 135                 BootAreaSize = HAMMER_BOOT_NOMBYTES;
 136                 while (BootAreaSize > total / NumVolumes / 256)
 137                         BootAreaSize >>= 1;
 138                 if (BootAreaSize < HAMMER_BOOT_MINBYTES)
 139                         BootAreaSize = 0;
 140         } else if (BootAreaSize < HAMMER_BOOT_MINBYTES) {
 141                 BootAreaSize = HAMMER_BOOT_MINBYTES;
 142         }
 143         if (MemAreaSize == 0) {
 144                 MemAreaSize = HAMMER_MEM_NOMBYTES;
 145                 while (MemAreaSize > total / NumVolumes / 256)
 146                         MemAreaSize >>= 1;
 147                 if (MemAreaSize < HAMMER_MEM_MINBYTES)
 148                         MemAreaSize = 0;
 149         } else if (MemAreaSize < HAMMER_MEM_MINBYTES) {
 150                 MemAreaSize = HAMMER_MEM_MINBYTES;
 151         }
 152
 153         /*
 154          * Format the volumes.  Format the root volume first so we can
 155          * bootstrap the freemap.
 156          */
 157         format_volume(get_volume(RootVolNo), NumVolumes, label, total);
 158         for (i = 0; i < NumVolumes; ++i) {
 159                 if (i != RootVolNo)
 160                         format_volume(get_volume(i), NumVolumes, label, total);
 161         }
 162
 163         /*
 164          * Pre-size the blockmap layer1/layer2 infrastructure to the zone
 165          * limit.  If we do this the filesystem does not have to allocate
 166          * new layer2 blocks which reduces the chances of the reblocker
 167          * having to fallback to an extremely inefficient algorithm.
 168          */
 169         vol = get_volume(RootVolNo);
 170         vol->ondisk->vol0_stat_bigblocks = vol->ondisk->vol0_stat_freebigblocks;
 171         vol->cache.modified = 1;
 172
 173         printf("---------------------------------------------\n");
 174         printf("%d volume%s total size %s\n",
 175                 NumVolumes, (NumVolumes == 1 ? "" : "s"), sizetostr(total));
 176         printf("boot-area-size:      %s\n", sizetostr(BootAreaSize));
 177         printf("memory-log-size:     %s\n", sizetostr(MemAreaSize));
 178         printf("undo-buffer-size:    %s\n", sizetostr(UndoBufferSize));
 179         printf("total-pre-allocated: %s\n",
 180                 sizetostr(vol->vol_free_off & HAMMER_OFF_SHORT_MASK));
 181         printf("\n");
 182
 183         flush_all_volumes();
 184         return(0);
 185 }
 186
 187 static
 188 void
 189 usage(void)
 190 {
 191         fprintf(stderr, "newfs_hammer vol0 [vol1 ...]\n");
 192         exit(1);
 193 }
 194
 195 /*
 196  * Convert the size in bytes to a human readable string.
 197  */
 198 static
 199 const char *
 200 sizetostr(off_t size)
 201 {
 202         static char buf[32];
 203
 204         if (size < 1024 / 2) {
 205                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%6.2f", (double)size);
 206         } else if (size < 1024 * 1024 / 2) {
 207                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%6.2fKB",
 208                         (double)size / 1024);
 209         } else if (size < 1024 * 1024 * 1024LL / 2) {
 210                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%6.2fMB",
 211                         (double)size / (1024 * 1024));
 212         } else if (size < 1024 * 1024 * 1024LL * 1024LL / 2) {
 213                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%6.2fGB",
 214                         (double)size / (1024 * 1024 * 1024LL));
 215         } else {
 216                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%6.2fTB",
 217                         (double)size / (1024 * 1024 * 1024LL * 1024LL));
 218         }
 219         return(buf);
 220 }
 221
 222 /*
 223  * Convert a string to a 64 bit signed integer with various requirements.
 224  */
 225 static int64_t
 226 getsize(const char *str, int64_t minval, int64_t maxval, int powerof2)
 227 {
 228         int64_t val;
 229         char *ptr;
 230
 231         val = strtoll(str, &ptr, 0);
 232         switch(*ptr) {
 233         case 't':
 234         case 'T':
 235                 val *= 1024;
 236                 /* fall through */
 237         case 'g':
 238         case 'G':
 239                 val *= 1024;
 240                 /* fall through */
 241         case 'm':
 242         case 'M':
 243                 val *= 1024;
 244                 /* fall through */
 245         case 'k':
 246         case 'K':
 247                 val *= 1024;
 248                 break;
 249         default:
 250                 errx(1, "Unknown suffix in number '%s'\n", str);
 251                 /* not reached */
 252         }
 253         if (ptr[1]) {
 254                 errx(1, "Unknown suffix in number '%s'\n", str);
 255                 /* not reached */
 256         }
 257         if (val < minval) {
 258                 errx(1, "Value too small: %s, min is %s\n",
 259                      str, sizetostr(minval));
 260                 /* not reached */
 261         }
 262         if (val > maxval) {
 263                 errx(1, "Value too large: %s, max is %s\n",
 264                      str, sizetostr(maxval));
 265                 /* not reached */
 266         }
 267         if ((powerof2 & 1) && (val ^ (val - 1)) != ((val << 1) - 1)) {
 268                 errx(1, "Value not power of 2: %s\n", str);
 269                 /* not reached */
 270         }
 271         if ((powerof2 & 2) && (val & HAMMER_BUFMASK)) {
 272                 errx(1, "Value not an integral multiple of %dK: %s",
 273                      HAMMER_BUFSIZE / 1024, str);
 274                 /* not reached */
 275         }
 276         return(val);
 277 }
 278
 279 /*
 280  * Generate a transaction id
 281  */
 282 static hammer_tid_t
 283 createtid(void)
 284 {
 285         static hammer_tid_t lasttid;
 286         struct timeval tv;
 287
 288         if (lasttid == 0) {
 289                 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
 290                 lasttid = tv.tv_sec * 1000000000LL +
 291                           tv.tv_usec * 1000LL;
 292         }
 293         return(lasttid++);
 294 }
 295
 296 /*
 297  * Check basic volume characteristics.  HAMMER filesystems use a minimum
 298  * of a 16KB filesystem buffer size.
 299  */
 300 static
 301 void
 302 check_volume(struct volume_info *vol)
 303 {
 304         struct partinfo pinfo;
 305         struct stat st;
 306
 307         /*
 308          * Get basic information about the volume
 309          */
 310         vol->fd = open(vol->name, O_RDWR);
 311         if (vol->fd < 0)
 312                 err(1, "Unable to open %s R+W", vol->name);
 313         if (ioctl(vol->fd, DIOCGPART, &pinfo) < 0) {
 314                 /*
 315                  * Allow the formatting of regular filews as HAMMER volumes
 316                  */
 317                 if (fstat(vol->fd, &st) < 0)
 318                         err(1, "Unable to stat %s", vol->name);
 319                 vol->size = st.st_size;
 320                 vol->type = "REGFILE";
 321         } else {
 322                 /*
 323                  * When formatting a block device as a HAMMER volume the
 324                  * sector size must be compatible.  HAMMER uses 16384 byte
 325                  * filesystem buffers.
 326                  */
 327                 if (pinfo.reserved_blocks) {
 328                         errx(1, "HAMMER cannot be placed in a partition "
 329                                 "which overlaps the disklabel or MBR");
 330                 }
 331                 if (pinfo.media_blksize > 16384 ||
 332                     16384 % pinfo.media_blksize) {
 333                         errx(1, "A media sector size of %d is not supported",
 334                              pinfo.media_blksize);
 335                 }
 336
 337                 vol->size = pinfo.media_size;
 338                 vol->type = "DEVICE";
 339         }
 340         printf("Volume %d %s %-15s size %s\n",
 341                vol->vol_no, vol->type, vol->name,
 342                sizetostr(vol->size));
 343
 344         /*
 345          * Reserve space for (future) header junk, setup our poor-man's
 346          * bigblock allocator.
 347          */
 348         vol->vol_alloc = HAMMER_BUFSIZE * 16;
 349 }
 350
 351 /*
 352  * Format a HAMMER volume.  Cluster 0 will be initially placed in volume 0.
 353  */
 354 static
 355 void
 356 format_volume(struct volume_info *vol, int nvols, const char *label,
 357               off_t total_size __unused)
 358 {
 359         struct volume_info *root_vol;
 360         struct hammer_volume_ondisk *ondisk;
 361         int64_t freeblks;
 362         int i;
 363
 364         /*
 365          * Initialize basic information in the on-disk volume structure.
 366          */
 367         ondisk = vol->ondisk;
 368
 369         ondisk->vol_fsid = Hammer_FSId;
 370         ondisk->vol_fstype = Hammer_FSType;
 371         snprintf(ondisk->vol_name, sizeof(ondisk->vol_name), "%s", label);
 372         ondisk->vol_no = vol->vol_no;
 373         ondisk->vol_count = nvols;
 374         ondisk->vol_version = 1;
 375
 376         ondisk->vol_bot_beg = vol->vol_alloc;
 377         vol->vol_alloc += BootAreaSize;
 378         ondisk->vol_mem_beg = vol->vol_alloc;
 379         vol->vol_alloc += MemAreaSize;
 380
 381         /*
 382          * The remaining area is the zone 2 buffer allocation area.  These
 383          * buffers
 384          */
 385         ondisk->vol_buf_beg = vol->vol_alloc;
 386         ondisk->vol_buf_end = vol->size & ~(int64_t)HAMMER_BUFMASK;
 387
 388         if (ondisk->vol_buf_end < ondisk->vol_buf_beg) {
 389                 errx(1, "volume %d %s is too small to hold the volume header",
 390                      vol->vol_no, vol->name);
 391         }
 392
 393         ondisk->vol_nblocks = (ondisk->vol_buf_end - ondisk->vol_buf_beg) /
 394                               HAMMER_BUFSIZE;
 395         ondisk->vol_blocksize = HAMMER_BUFSIZE;
 396
 397         ondisk->vol_rootvol = RootVolNo;
 398         ondisk->vol_signature = HAMMER_FSBUF_VOLUME;
 399
 400         vol->vol_free_off = HAMMER_ENCODE_RAW_BUFFER(vol->vol_no, 0);
 401         vol->vol_free_end = HAMMER_ENCODE_RAW_BUFFER(vol->vol_no, (ondisk->vol_buf_end - ondisk->vol_buf_beg) & ~HAMMER_LARGEBLOCK_MASK64);
 402
 403         /*
 404          * Format the root volume.
 405          */
 406         if (vol->vol_no == RootVolNo) {
 407                 /*
 408                  * Starting TID
 409                  */
 410                 ondisk->vol0_next_tid = createtid();
 411
 412                 format_freemap(vol,
 413                         &ondisk->vol0_blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_FREEMAP_INDEX]);
 414
 415                 freeblks = initialize_freemap(vol);
 416                 ondisk->vol0_stat_freebigblocks = freeblks;
 417
 418                 for (i = 8; i < HAMMER_MAX_ZONES; ++i) {
 419                         format_blockmap(&ondisk->vol0_blockmap[i],
 420                                         HAMMER_ZONE_ENCODE(i, 0));
 421                 }
 422                 format_undomap(ondisk);
 423
 424                 ondisk->vol0_btree_root = format_root();
 425                 ++ondisk->vol0_stat_inodes;     /* root inode */
 426         } else {
 427                 freeblks = initialize_freemap(vol);
 428                 root_vol = get_volume(RootVolNo);
 429                 root_vol->cache.modified = 1;
 430                 root_vol->ondisk->vol0_stat_freebigblocks += freeblks;
 431                 root_vol->ondisk->vol0_stat_bigblocks += freeblks;
 432                 rel_volume(root_vol);
 433         }
 434 }
 435
 436 /*
 437  * Format the root directory.
 438  */
 439 static
 440 hammer_off_t
 441 format_root(void)
 442 {
 443         hammer_off_t btree_off;
 444         hammer_off_t data_off;
 445         hammer_tid_t create_tid;
 446         hammer_node_ondisk_t bnode;
 447         struct hammer_inode_data *idata;
 448         struct buffer_info *data_buffer = NULL;
 449         hammer_btree_elm_t elm;
 450
 451         bnode = alloc_btree_element(&btree_off);
 452         idata = alloc_data_element(&data_off, sizeof(*idata), &data_buffer);
 453         create_tid = createtid();
 454
 455         /*
 456          * Populate the inode data and inode record for the root directory.
 457          */
 458         idata->version = HAMMER_INODE_DATA_VERSION;
 459         idata->mode = 0755;
 460         idata->mtime = create_tid;
 461         idata->obj_type = HAMMER_OBJTYPE_DIRECTORY;
 462         idata->size = 0;
 463         idata->nlinks = 1;
 464
 465         /*
 466          * Create the root of the B-Tree.  The root is a leaf node so we
 467          * do not have to worry about boundary elements.
 468          */
 469         bnode->signature = HAMMER_BTREE_SIGNATURE_GOOD;
 470         bnode->count = 1;
 471         bnode->type = HAMMER_BTREE_TYPE_LEAF;
 472
 473         elm = &bnode->elms[0];
 474         elm->leaf.base.btype = HAMMER_BTREE_TYPE_RECORD;
 475         elm->leaf.base.localization = HAMMER_LOCALIZE_INODE;
 476         elm->leaf.base.obj_id = HAMMER_OBJID_ROOT;
 477         elm->leaf.base.key = 0;
 478         elm->leaf.base.create_tid = create_tid;
 479         elm->leaf.base.delete_tid = 0;
 480         elm->leaf.base.rec_type = HAMMER_RECTYPE_INODE;
 481         elm->leaf.base.obj_type = HAMMER_OBJTYPE_DIRECTORY;
 482
 483         elm->leaf.atime = create_tid;
 484         elm->leaf.data_offset = data_off;
 485         elm->leaf.data_len = sizeof(*idata);
 486         elm->leaf.data_crc = crc32(idata, sizeof(*idata));
 487
 488         bnode->crc = crc32(&bnode->crc + 1, HAMMER_BTREE_CRCSIZE);
 489
 490         return(btree_off);
 491 }
 492