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28 .\" @(#)login.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 5/5/94
29 .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/login/login.1,v 1.33 2007/11/30 11:02:36 philip Exp $
30 .\" $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/login/login.1,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:29:28 dillon Exp $
32 .Dd September 13, 2006
37 .Nd log into the computer
46 utility logs users (and pseudo-users) into the computer system.
48 If no user is specified, or if a user is specified and authentication
51 prompts for a user name.
52 Authentication of users is configurable via
54 Password authentication is the default.
56 The following options are available:
57 .Bl -tag -width indent
59 When a user name is specified, this option indicates that proper
60 authentication has already been done and that no password need be
62 This option may only be used by the super-user or when an already
63 logged in user is logging in as themselves.
65 Specify the host from which the connection was received.
66 It is used by various daemons such as
68 This option may only be used by the super-user.
72 discards any previous environment.
75 option disables this behavior.
78 Login access can be controlled via
83 allow and deny records based on time, tty and remote host name.
89 changes the protection and ownership of certain devices specified in this
92 Immediately after logging a user in,
94 displays the system copyright notice, the date and time the user last
95 logged in, the message of the day as well as other information.
98 exists in the user's home directory, all of these messages are suppressed.
99 This is to simplify logins for non-human users, such as
104 utility enters information into the environment (see
106 specifying the user's home directory (HOME), command interpreter (SHELL),
107 search path (PATH), terminal type (TERM) and user name (both LOGNAME and
109 Other environment variables may be set due to entries in the login
110 class capabilities database, for the login class assigned in the
111 user's system passwd record.
112 The login class also controls the maximum and current process resource
113 limits granted to a login, process priorities and many other aspects of
114 a user's login environment.
116 Some shells may provide a builtin
118 command which is similar or identical to this utility.
123 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /etc/pam.d/login" -compact
125 changes device protections
126 .It Pa /etc/login.conf
127 login class capabilities database
130 .It Pa /var/mail/user
134 .It Pa /etc/auth.conf
135 configure authentication services
136 .It Pa /etc/pam.d/login