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28 .\" From: $OpenBSD: mktemp.1,v 1.8 1998/03/19 06:13:37 millert Exp $
29 .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/mktemp/mktemp.1,v 1.7.2.8 2003/02/24 22:37:42 trhodes Exp $
30 .\" $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/mktemp/mktemp.1,v 1.4 2006/02/17 19:39:09 swildner Exp $
37 .Nd make temporary file name (unique)
53 utility takes each of the given file name templates and overwrites a
54 portion of it to create a file name.
55 This file name is unique
56 and suitable for use by the application.
58 any file name with some number of
65 are replaced with the current process number and/or a
66 unique letter combination.
67 The number of unique file names
69 can return depends on the number of
76 selecting 1 of 56800235584 (62 ** 6) possible file names.
80 can successfully generate a unique file name, the file
81 is created with mode 0600 (unless the
83 flag is given) and the filename is printed
90 will generate a template string based on the
94 environment variable if set.
95 The default location if
100 be taken to ensure that it is appropriate to use an environment variable
101 potentially supplied by the user.
103 If no arguments are passed or if only the
111 Any number of temporary files may be created in a single invocation,
112 including one based on the internal template resulting from the
118 utility is provided to allow shell scripts to safely use temporary files.
119 Traditionally, many shell scripts take the name of the program with
120 the pid as a suffix and use that as a temporary file name.
122 kind of naming scheme is predictable and the race condition it creates
123 is easy for an attacker to win.
124 A safer, though still inferior, approach
125 is to make a temporary directory using the same naming scheme.
127 this does allow one to guarantee that a temporary file will not be
128 subverted, it still allows a simple denial of service attack.
130 reasons it is suggested that
134 The available options are as follows:
135 .Bl -tag -width indent
137 Make a directory instead of a file.
139 Fail silently if an error occurs.
141 a script does not want error output to go to standard error.
143 Generate a template (using the supplied
147 if set) to create a filename template.
152 The temp file will be unlinked before
155 This is slightly better than
157 but still introduces a race condition.
159 option is not encouraged.
166 fragment illustrates a simple use of
168 where the script should quit if it cannot get a safe
170 .Bd -literal -offset indent
171 tempfoo=`basename $0`
172 TMPFILE=`mktemp /tmp/${tempfoo}.XXXXXX` || exit 1
173 echo "program output" >> $TMPFILE
176 To allow the use of $TMPDIR:
177 .Bd -literal -offset indent
178 tempfoo=`basename $0`
179 TMPFILE=`mktemp -t ${tempfoo}` || exit 1
180 echo "program output" >> $TMPFILE
183 In this case, we want the script to catch the error itself.
184 .Bd -literal -offset indent
185 tempfoo=`basename $0`
186 TMPFILE=`mktemp -q /tmp/${tempfoo}.XXXXXX`
187 if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
188 echo "$0: Can't create temp file, exiting..."
202 This implementation was written independently based on the
207 This man page is taken from