sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2000 Christoph Herrmann, Thomas-Henning von Kamptz
   3  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
   4  * All rights reserved.
   5  *
   6  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   7  * Christoph Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz, Munich and Frankfurt.
   8  *
   9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  11  * are met:
  12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  18  *    must display the following acknowledgment:
  19  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  20  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors, as well as Christoph
  21  *      Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz.
  22  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  23  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  24  *    without specific prior written permission.
  25  *
  26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  37  *
  38  * $TSHeader: src/sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.c,v 1.4 2000/12/12 19:30:55 tomsoft Exp $
  39  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.c,v 1.3.2.1 2001/07/16 15:01:56 tomsoft Exp $
  40  *
  41  * @(#) Copyright (c) 2000 Christoph Herrmann, Thomas-Henning von Kamptz Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
  42  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.c,v 1.3.2.1 2001/07/16 15:01:56 tomsoft Exp $
  43  */
  44
  45 /* ********************************************************** INCLUDES ***** */
  46 #include <sys/param.h>
  47 #include <sys/diskslice.h>
  48 #include <sys/stat.h>
  49
  50 #include <stdio.h>
  51 #include <paths.h>
  52 #include <ctype.h>
  53 #include <err.h>
  54 #include <fcntl.h>
  55 #include <stdlib.h>
  56 #include <string.h>
  57 #include <unistd.h>
  58
  59 #include "debug.h"
  60
  61 /* *********************************************************** GLOBALS ***** */
  62 #ifdef FS_DEBUG
  63 int     _dbg_lvl_ = (DL_INFO); /* DL_TRC */
  64 #endif /* FS_DEBUG */
  65
  66 static union {
  67         struct fs       fs;
  68         char    pad[SBSIZE];
  69 } fsun1, fsun2;
  70 #define sblock  fsun1.fs
  71 #define osblock fsun2.fs
  72
  73 static union {
  74         struct cg       cg;
  75         char    pad[MAXBSIZE];
  76 } cgun1;
  77 #define acg     cgun1.cg
  78
  79 static char     ablk[MAXBSIZE];
  80 static char     i1blk[MAXBSIZE];
  81 static char     i2blk[MAXBSIZE];
  82 static char     i3blk[MAXBSIZE];
  83
  84 static struct csum      *fscs;
  85
  86 /* ******************************************************** PROTOTYPES ***** */
  87 static void     rdfs(daddr_t, size_t, void *, int);
  88 static void     usage(void);
  89 static struct ufs1_dinode       *ginode(ino_t, int);
  90 static void     dump_whole_inode(ino_t, int, int);
  91
  92 /* ************************************************************** rdfs ***** */
  93 /*
  94  * Here we read some block(s) from disk.
  95  */
  96 void
  97 rdfs(daddr_t bno, size_t size, void *bf, int fsi)
  98 {
  99         ssize_t n;
 100
 101         DBG_ENTER;
 102
 103         if (lseek(fsi, (off_t)bno * DEV_BSIZE, 0) < 0) {
 104                 err(33, "rdfs: seek error: %ld", (long)bno);
 105         }
 106         n = read(fsi, bf, size);
 107         if (n != (ssize_t)size) {
 108                 err(34, "rdfs: read error: %ld", (long)bno);
 109         }
 110
 111         DBG_LEAVE;
 112         return;
 113 }
 114
 115 /* ************************************************************** main ***** */
 116 /*
 117  * ffsinfo(8) is a tool to dump all metadata of a filesystem. It helps to find
 118  * errors is the filesystem much easier. You can run ffsinfo before and  after
 119  * an  fsck(8),  and compare the two ascii dumps easy with diff, and  you  see
 120  * directly where the problem is. You can control how much detail you want  to
 121  * see  with some command line arguments. You can also easy check  the  status
 122  * of  a filesystem, like is there is enough space for growing  a  filesystem,
 123  * or  how  many active snapshots do we have. It provides much  more  detailed
 124  * information  then dumpfs. Snapshots, as they are very new, are  not  really
 125  * supported.  They  are just mentioned currently, but it is  planned  to  run
 126  * also over active snapshots, to even get that output.
 127  */
 128 int
 129 main(int argc, char **argv)
 130 {
 131         char    *device, *special;
 132         char    ch;
 133         size_t  len;
 134         struct stat     st;
 135         struct partinfo pinfo;
 136         int     fsi;
 137         struct csum     *dbg_csp;
 138         int     dbg_csc;
 139         char    dbg_line[80];
 140         int     cylno,i;
 141         int     cfg_cg, cfg_in, cfg_lv;
 142         int     cg_start, cg_stop;
 143         ino_t   in;
 144         char    *out_file = NULL;
 145         int     Lflag=0;
 146
 147         DBG_ENTER;
 148
 149         cfg_lv=0xff;
 150         cfg_in=-2;
 151         cfg_cg=-2;
 152
 153         while ((ch=getopt(argc, argv, "Lg:i:l:o:")) != -1) {
 154                 switch(ch) {
 155                 case 'L':
 156                         Lflag=1;
 157                         break;
 158                 case 'g':
 159                         cfg_cg=atol(optarg);
 160                         if(cfg_cg < -1) {
 161                                 usage();
 162                         }
 163                         break;
 164                 case 'i':
 165                         cfg_in=atol(optarg);
 166                         if(cfg_in < 0) {
 167                                 usage();
 168                         }
 169                         break;
 170                 case 'l':
 171                         cfg_lv=atol(optarg);
 172                         if(cfg_lv < 0x1||cfg_lv > 0x3ff) {
 173                                 usage();
 174                         }
 175                         break;
 176                 case 'o':
 177                         if (out_file)
 178                                 free(out_file);
 179                         out_file = strdup(optarg);
 180                         break;
 181                 case '?':
 182                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 183                 default:
 184                         usage();
 185                 }
 186         }
 187         argc -= optind;
 188         argv += optind;
 189
 190         if(argc != 1) {
 191                 usage();
 192         }
 193         device=*argv;
 194
 195         /*
 196          * Now we try to guess the (raw)device name.
 197          */
 198         if (0 == strrchr(device, '/') && (stat(device, &st) == -1)) {
 199                 /*
 200                  * No path prefix was given, so try in that order:
 201                  *     /dev/r%s
 202                  *     /dev/%s
 203                  *     /dev/vinum/r%s
 204                  *     /dev/vinum/%s.
 205                  *
 206                  * FreeBSD now doesn't distinguish between raw and  block
 207                  * devices any longer, but it should still work this way.
 208                  */
 209                 len=strlen(device)+strlen(_PATH_DEV)+2+strlen("vinum/");
 210                 special=(char *)malloc(len);
 211                 if(special == NULL) {
 212                         errx(1, "malloc failed");
 213                 }
 214                 snprintf(special, len, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, device);
 215                 if (stat(special, &st) == -1) {
 216                         snprintf(special, len, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, device);
 217                         if (stat(special, &st) == -1) {
 218                                 snprintf(special, len, "%svinum/r%s",
 219                                     _PATH_DEV, device);
 220                                 if (stat(special, &st) == -1) {
 221                                         /*
 222                                          * For now this is the 'last resort'.
 223                                          */
 224                                         snprintf(special, len, "%svinum/%s",
 225                                             _PATH_DEV, device);
 226                                 }
 227                         }
 228                 }
 229                 device = special;
 230         }
 231
 232         /*
 233          * Open our device for reading.
 234          */
 235         fsi = open(device, O_RDONLY);
 236         if (fsi < 0) {
 237                 err(1, "%s", device);
 238         }
 239
 240         stat(device, &st);
 241
 242         if(S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) { /* label check not supported for files */
 243                 Lflag=1;
 244         }
 245
 246         if(!Lflag) {
 247                 /*
 248                  * Try  to read a label and gess the slice if not  specified.
 249                  * This code should guess the right thing and avaid to bother
 250                  * the user user with the task of specifying the option -v on
 251                  * vinum volumes.
 252                  */
 253                 if (ioctl(fsi, DIOCGPART, &pinfo) < 0) {
 254                         pinfo.media_size = st.st_size;
 255                         pinfo.media_blksize = DEV_BSIZE;
 256                         pinfo.media_blocks = pinfo.media_size / DEV_BSIZE;
 257                 }
 258
 259                 /*
 260                  * Check if that partition looks suited for dumping.
 261                  */
 262                 if (pinfo.media_size == 0) {
 263                         errx(1, "partition is unavailable");
 264                 }
 265         }
 266
 267         /*
 268          * Read the current superblock.
 269          */
 270         rdfs((daddr_t)(SBOFF/DEV_BSIZE), (size_t)SBSIZE, &sblock, fsi);
 271         if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_MAGIC) {
 272                 errx(1, "superblock not recognized");
 273         }
 274
 275         DBG_OPEN(out_file); /* already here we need a superblock */
 276
 277         if(cfg_lv & 0x001) {
 278                 DBG_DUMP_FS(&sblock,
 279                     "primary sblock");
 280         }
 281
 282         /*
 283          * Determine here what cylinder groups to dump.
 284          */
 285         if(cfg_cg==-2) {
 286                 cg_start=0;
 287                 cg_stop=sblock.fs_ncg;
 288         } else if (cfg_cg==-1) {
 289                 cg_start=sblock.fs_ncg-1;
 290                 cg_stop=sblock.fs_ncg;
 291         } else if (cfg_cg<sblock.fs_ncg) {
 292                 cg_start=cfg_cg;
 293                 cg_stop=cfg_cg+1;
 294         } else {
 295                 cg_start=sblock.fs_ncg;
 296                 cg_stop=sblock.fs_ncg;
 297         }
 298
 299         if (cfg_lv & 0x004) {
 300                 fscs = (struct csum *)calloc((size_t)1,
 301                     (size_t)sblock.fs_cssize);
 302                 if(fscs == NULL) {
 303                         errx(1, "calloc failed");
 304                 }
 305
 306                 /*
 307                  * Get the cylinder summary into the memory ...
 308                  */
 309                 for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize) {
 310                         rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr +
 311                             numfrags(&sblock, i)), (size_t)(sblock.fs_cssize-i<
 312                             sblock.fs_bsize ? sblock.fs_cssize - i :
 313                             sblock.fs_bsize), (void *)(((char *)fscs)+i), fsi);
 314                 }
 315
 316                 dbg_csp=fscs;
 317                 /*
 318                  * ... and dump it.
 319                  */
 320                 for(dbg_csc=0; dbg_csc<sblock.fs_ncg; dbg_csc++) {
 321                         snprintf(dbg_line, sizeof(dbg_line),
 322                             "%d. csum in fscs", dbg_csc);
 323                         DBG_DUMP_CSUM(&sblock,
 324                             dbg_line,
 325                             dbg_csp++);
 326                 }
 327         }
 328
 329         /*
 330          * For each requested cylinder group ...
 331          */
 332         for(cylno=cg_start; cylno<cg_stop; cylno++) {
 333                 snprintf(dbg_line, sizeof(dbg_line), "cgr %d", cylno);
 334                 if(cfg_lv & 0x002) {
 335                         /*
 336                          * ... dump the superblock copies ...
 337                          */
 338                         rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)),
 339                             (size_t)SBSIZE, &osblock, fsi);
 340                         DBG_DUMP_FS(&osblock,
 341                             dbg_line);
 342                 }
 343                 /*
 344                  * ... read the cylinder group and dump whatever was requested.
 345                  */
 346                 rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, cylno)),
 347                     (size_t)sblock.fs_cgsize, &acg, fsi);
 348                 if(cfg_lv & 0x008) {
 349                         DBG_DUMP_CG(&sblock,
 350                             dbg_line,
 351                             &acg);
 352                 }
 353                 if(cfg_lv & 0x010) {
 354                         DBG_DUMP_INMAP(&sblock,
 355                             dbg_line,
 356                             &acg);
 357                 }
 358                 if(cfg_lv & 0x020) {
 359                         DBG_DUMP_FRMAP(&sblock,
 360                             dbg_line,
 361                             &acg);
 362                 }
 363                 if(cfg_lv & 0x040) {
 364                         DBG_DUMP_CLMAP(&sblock,
 365                             dbg_line,
 366                             &acg);
 367                         DBG_DUMP_CLSUM(&sblock,
 368                             dbg_line,
 369                             &acg);
 370                 }
 371                 if(cfg_lv & 0x080) {
 372                         DBG_DUMP_SPTBL(&sblock,
 373                             dbg_line,
 374                             &acg);
 375                 }
 376         }
 377         /*
 378          * Dump the requested inode(s).
 379          */
 380         if(cfg_in != -2) {
 381                 dump_whole_inode((ino_t)cfg_in, fsi, cfg_lv);
 382         } else {
 383                 for(in=cg_start*sblock.fs_ipg; in<(ino_t)cg_stop*sblock.fs_ipg;
 384                     in++) {
 385                         dump_whole_inode(in, fsi, cfg_lv);
 386                 }
 387         }
 388
 389         DBG_CLOSE;
 390
 391         close(fsi);
 392
 393         DBG_LEAVE;
 394         return 0;
 395 }
 396
 397 /* ************************************************** dump_whole_inode ***** */
 398 /*
 399  * Here we dump a list of all blocks allocated by this inode. We follow
 400  * all indirect blocks.
 401  */
 402 void
 403 dump_whole_inode(ino_t inode, int fsi, int level)
 404 {
 405         struct ufs1_dinode      *ino;
 406         int     rb;
 407         unsigned int    ind2ctr, ind3ctr;
 408         ufs_daddr_t     *ind2ptr, *ind3ptr;
 409         char    comment[80];
 410
 411         DBG_ENTER;
 412
 413         /*
 414          * Read the inode from disk/cache.
 415          */
 416         ino=ginode(inode, fsi);
 417
 418         if(ino->di_nlink==0) {
 419                 DBG_LEAVE;
 420                 return; /* inode not in use */
 421         }
 422
 423         /*
 424          * Dump the main inode structure.
 425          */
 426         snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08jx", (uintmax_t)inode);
 427         if (level & 0x100) {
 428                 DBG_DUMP_INO(&sblock,
 429                     comment,
 430                     ino);
 431         }
 432
 433         if (!(level & 0x200)) {
 434                 DBG_LEAVE;
 435                 return;
 436         }
 437
 438         /*
 439          * Ok, now prepare for dumping all direct and indirect pointers.
 440          */
 441         rb=howmany(ino->di_size, sblock.fs_bsize)-NDADDR;
 442         if(rb>0) {
 443                 /*
 444                  * Dump single indirect block.
 445                  */
 446                 rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, ino->di_ib[0]), (size_t)sblock.fs_bsize,
 447                     &i1blk, fsi);
 448                 snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08jx: indirect 0",
 449                     (uintmax_t)inode);
 450                 DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
 451                     comment,
 452                     i1blk,
 453                     (size_t)rb);
 454                 rb-=howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs_daddr_t));
 455         }
 456         if(rb>0) {
 457                 /*
 458                  * Dump double indirect blocks.
 459                  */
 460                 rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, ino->di_ib[1]), (size_t)sblock.fs_bsize,
 461                     &i2blk, fsi);
 462                 snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08jx: indirect 1",
 463                     (uintmax_t)inode);
 464                 DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
 465                     comment,
 466                     i2blk,
 467                     howmany(rb, howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs_daddr_t))));
 468                 for(ind2ctr=0; ((ind2ctr < howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
 469                     sizeof(ufs_daddr_t)))&&(rb>0)); ind2ctr++) {
 470                         ind2ptr=&((ufs_daddr_t *)(void *)&i2blk)[ind2ctr];
 471
 472                         rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, *ind2ptr),
 473                             (size_t)sblock.fs_bsize, &i1blk, fsi);
 474                         snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
 475                             "Inode 0x%08jx: indirect 1->%d", (uintmax_t)inode,
 476                             ind2ctr);
 477                         DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
 478                             comment,
 479                             i1blk,
 480                             (size_t)rb);
 481                         rb-=howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs_daddr_t));
 482                 }
 483         }
 484         if(rb>0) {
 485                 /*
 486                  * Dump triple indirect blocks.
 487                  */
 488                 rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, ino->di_ib[2]), (size_t)sblock.fs_bsize,
 489                     &i3blk, fsi);
 490                 snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08jx: indirect 2",
 491                     (uintmax_t)inode);
 492 #define SQUARE(a) ((a)*(a))
 493                 DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
 494                     comment,
 495                     i3blk,
 496                     howmany(rb,
 497                       SQUARE(howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs_daddr_t)))));
 498 #undef SQUARE
 499                 for(ind3ctr=0; ((ind3ctr < howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
 500                     sizeof(ufs_daddr_t)))&&(rb>0)); ind3ctr ++) {
 501                         ind3ptr=&((ufs_daddr_t *)(void *)&i3blk)[ind3ctr];
 502
 503                         rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, *ind3ptr),
 504                             (size_t)sblock.fs_bsize, &i2blk, fsi);
 505                         snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
 506                             "Inode 0x%08jx: indirect 2->%d", (uintmax_t)inode,
 507                             ind3ctr);
 508                         DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
 509                             comment,
 510                             i2blk,
 511                             howmany(rb,
 512                               howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs_daddr_t))));
 513                         for(ind2ctr=0; ((ind2ctr < howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
 514                             sizeof(ufs_daddr_t)))&&(rb>0)); ind2ctr ++) {
 515                                 ind2ptr=&((ufs_daddr_t *)(void *)&i2blk)
 516                                     [ind2ctr];
 517                                 rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, *ind2ptr),
 518                                     (size_t)sblock.fs_bsize, &i1blk, fsi);
 519                                 snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
 520                                     "Inode 0x%08jx: indirect 2->%d->%d",
 521                                     (uintmax_t)inode, ind3ctr, ind3ctr);
 522                                 DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
 523                                     comment,
 524                                     i1blk,
 525                                     (size_t)rb);
 526                                 rb-=howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
 527                                     sizeof(ufs_daddr_t));
 528                         }
 529                 }
 530         }
 531
 532         DBG_LEAVE;
 533         return;
 534 }
 535
 536 /* ************************************************************* usage ***** */
 537 /*
 538  * Dump a line of usage.
 539  */
 540 void
 541 usage(void)
 542 {
 543         DBG_ENTER;
 544
 545         fprintf(stderr,
 546             "usage: ffsinfo [-L] [-g cylgrp] [-i inode] [-l level] "
 547             "[-o outfile]\n"
 548             "               special | file\n");
 549
 550         DBG_LEAVE;
 551         exit(1);
 552 }
 553
 554 /* ************************************************************ ginode ***** */
 555 /*
 556  * This function provides access to an individual inode. We find out in which
 557  * block  the  requested inode is located, read it from disk if  needed,  and
 558  * return  the pointer into that block. We maintain a cache of one  block  to
 559  * not  read the same block again and again if we iterate linearly  over  all
 560  * inodes.
 561  */
 562 struct ufs1_dinode *
 563 ginode(ino_t inumber, int fsi)
 564 {
 565         ufs_daddr_t     iblk;
 566         static ino_t    startinum=0;    /* first inode in cached block */
 567         struct ufs1_dinode      *pi;
 568
 569         DBG_ENTER;
 570
 571         pi=(struct ufs1_dinode *)(void *)ablk;
 572         if (startinum == 0 || inumber < startinum ||
 573             inumber >= startinum + INOPB(&sblock)) {
 574                 /*
 575                  * The block needed is not cached, so we have to read it from
 576                  * disk now.
 577                  */
 578                 iblk = ino_to_fsba(&sblock, inumber);
 579                 rdfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, iblk), (size_t)sblock.fs_bsize,
 580                     &ablk, fsi);
 581                 startinum = (inumber / INOPB(&sblock)) * INOPB(&sblock);
 582         }
 583
 584         DBG_LEAVE;
 585         return (&(pi[inumber % INOPB(&sblock)]));
 586 }
 587