1 .\" $FreeBSD: src/sbin/md5/md5.1,v 1.24 2005/03/10 09:56:39 cperciva Exp $
11 .Nd calculate a message-digest fingerprint (checksum) for a file
45 utilities take as input a message of arbitrary length and produce as
51 It is conjectured that it is computationally infeasible to
52 produce two messages having the same message digest, or to produce any
53 message having a given prespecified target message digest.
55 .Tn MD5 , SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-512
58 algorithms are intended for digital signature applications, where a
61 in a secure manner before being encrypted with a private
63 key under a public-key cryptosystem such as
70 algorithms are vulnerable to practical collision attacks.
72 The following options may be used in any combination and must
73 precede any files named on the command line.
74 The hexadecimal checksum of each file listed on the command line is printed
75 after the options are processed.
76 .Bl -tag -width indent
78 When processing file(s), use the specified begin and/or end (below) instead
79 of processing each file in its entirety.
80 Either option can be omitted.
81 Both begin- and end-offsets can be specified as just a number (of bytes) or
82 be followed by K, M, or G to mean that the number is to be multiplied by
83 1024 once, twice, or thrice respectively.
84 For example, to start at 512, you can use
89 The use of offsets is implemented using
91 and will only work on regular files and mmap-able devices.
93 If the beginning offset is negative, its absolute value is subtracted
95 Zero thus means the very beginning of each file,
96 which is also the default if the option is omitted entirely.
98 If the end-offset is not positive, its absolute value is subtracted
100 Zero thus means the very end of each file,
101 which is also the default if the option is omitted entirely.
103 Print a checksum of the given
106 Echo stdin to stdout and append the checksum to stdout.
108 Quiet mode \(em only the checksum is printed out.
113 Reverses the format of the output.
114 This helps with visual diffs.
116 when combined with the
120 Run a built-in time trial.
122 Run a built-in test script.
132 utilities exit 0 on success, and
134 if at least one of the input files could not be read or
135 invalid offsets were specified.
136 A mistake with command line arguments results in
148 .%T The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm
153 .%T The Secure Hash Standard
157 .%A D. Eastlake and P. Jones
158 .%T US Secure Hash Algorithm 1
162 RIPEMD-160 is part of the ISO draft standard
163 .Qq ISO/IEC DIS 10118-3
164 on dedicated hash functions.
166 Secure Hash Standard (SHS):
167 .Pa http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-2/fips180-2withchangenotice.pdf .
170 .Pa http://www.esat.kuleuven.ac.be/~bosselae/ripemd160.html .
172 This program is placed in the public domain for free general use by
175 Support for SHA-1 and RIPEMD-160 has been added by
176 .An Oliver Eikemeier Aq Mt eik@FreeBSD.org .