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28 .\" @(#)brk.2 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/1/95
29 .\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/sys/brk.2,v 1.13.2.10 2002/03/04 12:00:31 dwmalone Exp $
30 .\" $DragonFly: src/lib/libc/sys/brk.2,v 1.3 2006/02/17 19:35:06 swildner Exp $
38 .Nd change data segment size (obsolete)
45 .Fn brk "const void *addr"
47 .Fn sbrk "intptr_t incr"
54 functions are legacy interfaces from before the
55 advent of modern virtual memory management.
57 is no longer implemented by
61 has only limited functionality due to having to play nice with
62 modern system calls such as
70 functions are used to change the amount of memory allocated in a
71 process's data segment.
72 They do this by moving the location of the
74 The break is the first address after the end of the process's
75 uninitialized data segment (also known as the
78 The break range is limited by the
80 resource limit applied to the process.
88 no longer implements this function.
92 function raises the break by
94 bytes, returning a pointer to the base of the new memory.
96 In the traditional call, a negative
98 lowers the break address by the specified number of bytes.
101 no longer supports using this legacy function to lower the break
102 address. The reason is because the resource limit can be adjusted
103 upward and downward at run-time and indirectly allow normal memory-mappings
106 to infiltrate the traditional data area. In addition, lowering the break
107 address in this manner is not thread safe.
108 Any attempt to lower the break point will return
109 .Po Vt "void *" Pc Ns \-1
113 While the actual process data segment size maintained by the kernel will only
114 grow or shrink in page sizes, these functions allow setting the break
115 to unaligned values (i.e., it may point to any address inside the last
116 page of the data segment).
118 The current value of the program break may be determined by calling
123 function is thread-safe.
129 system call may be used to determine
130 the maximum permissible size of the
132 It will not be possible to set the break
134 .Dq Va etext No + Va rlim.rlim_max
137 value is returned from a call to
138 .Fn getrlimit RLIMIT_DATA &rlim .
141 for the definition of
148 function returns the prior break pointer if successful;
150 .Po Vt "void *" Pc Ns \-1
151 is returned and the global variable
153 is set to indicate the error.
161 The requested break value was beyond the beginning of the data segment.
163 The data segment size limit, as set by
167 Insufficient space existed in the swap area
168 to support the expansion of the data segment.
170 An attempt has been made to perform an action that is no longer supported
183 function call appeared in
193 or similar functions will result in non-portable program behavior.
195 Setting the break may fail due to a temporary lack of
197 It is not possible to distinguish this
198 from a failure caused by exceeding the maximum size of
199 the data segment without consulting