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1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 Kenneth D. Merry.
3 * All rights reserved.
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
14 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26 * SUCH DAMAGE.
28 * $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c,v 1.17.2.2 2001/07/19 04:15:42 kris Exp $
29 * $DragonFly: src/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c,v 1.7 2005/09/01 19:08:38 swildner Exp $
32 * Parts of this program are derived from the original FreeBSD iostat
33 * program:
35 /*-
36 * Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
37 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
39 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
40 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
41 * are met:
42 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
43 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
44 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
45 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
46 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
48 * must display the following acknowledgement:
49 * This product includes software developed by the University of
50 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
51 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
52 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
53 * without specific prior written permission.
55 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
56 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
57 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
58 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
59 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
60 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
61 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
62 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
63 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
64 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
65 * SUCH DAMAGE.
68 * Ideas for the new iostat statistics output modes taken from the NetBSD
69 * version of iostat:
72 * Copyright (c) 1996 John M. Vinopal
73 * All rights reserved.
75 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
76 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
77 * are met:
78 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
79 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
80 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
81 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
82 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
83 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
84 * must display the following acknowledgement:
85 * This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
86 * by John M. Vinopal.
87 * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
88 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
90 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
91 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
92 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
93 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
94 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
95 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
96 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
97 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
98 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
99 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
100 * SUCH DAMAGE.
103 #include <sys/param.h>
104 #include <sys/errno.h>
106 #include <err.h>
107 #include <ctype.h>
108 #include <fcntl.h>
109 #include <kinfo.h>
110 #include <stdio.h>
111 #include <stdlib.h>
112 #include <string.h>
113 #include <unistd.h>
114 #include <limits.h>
115 #include <devstat.h>
117 struct statinfo cur, last;
118 uint64_t tk_nin, old_tk_nin, diff_tk_nin;
119 uint64_t tk_nout, old_tk_nout, diff_tk_nout;
120 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
121 double cp_time_total;
122 int num_devices;
123 struct device_selection *dev_select;
124 int maxshowdevs;
125 int dflag = 0, Iflag = 0, Cflag = 0, Tflag = 0, oflag = 0, Kflag = 0;
127 /* local function declarations */
128 static void usage(void);
129 static void phdr(int signo);
130 static void devstats(int perf_select);
131 static void cpustats(void);
133 static void
134 usage(void)
137 * We also support the following 'traditional' syntax:
138 * iostat [drives] [wait [count]]
139 * This isn't mentioned in the man page, or the usage statement,
140 * but it is supported.
142 fprintf(stderr, "usage: iostat [-CdhIKoT] [-c count]"
143 " [-n devs]\n"
144 "\t [-t type,if,pass] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
148 main(int argc, char **argv)
150 int c;
151 int tflag = 0, hflag = 0, cflag = 0, wflag = 0, nflag = 0;
152 int count = 0, waittime = 0;
153 struct devstat_match *matches;
154 int num_matches = 0;
155 int hz;
156 int headercount;
157 long generation;
158 int num_devices_specified;
159 int num_selected, num_selections;
160 long select_generation;
161 char **specified_devices;
162 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
164 matches = NULL;
165 maxshowdevs = 3;
167 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:CdhIKM:n:N:ot:Tw:")) != -1) {
168 switch(c) {
169 case 'c':
170 cflag++;
171 count = atoi(optarg);
172 if (count < 1)
173 errx(1, "count %d is < 1", count);
174 break;
175 case 'C':
176 Cflag++;
177 break;
178 case 'd':
179 dflag++;
180 break;
181 case 'h':
182 hflag++;
183 break;
184 case 'I':
185 Iflag++;
186 break;
187 case 'K':
188 Kflag++;
189 break;
190 case 'n':
191 nflag++;
192 maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
193 if (maxshowdevs < 0)
194 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
195 maxshowdevs);
196 break;
197 case 'o':
198 oflag++;
199 break;
200 case 't':
201 tflag++;
202 if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches,
203 &num_matches) != 0)
204 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
205 break;
206 case 'T':
207 Tflag++;
208 break;
209 case 'w':
210 wflag++;
211 waittime = atoi(optarg);
212 if (waittime < 1)
213 errx(1, "wait time is < 1");
214 break;
215 default:
216 usage();
217 exit(1);
218 break;
222 argc -= optind;
223 argv += optind;
226 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the kernel
227 * devstat version. If not, exit and print a message informing
228 * the user of his mistake.
230 if (checkversion() < 0)
231 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
234 * Figure out how many devices we should display.
236 if (nflag == 0) {
237 if (oflag > 0) {
238 if ((dflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0) && (Tflag == 0))
239 maxshowdevs = 5;
240 else if ((dflag > 0) && (Tflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0))
241 maxshowdevs = 5;
242 else
243 maxshowdevs = 4;
244 } else {
245 if ((dflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0))
246 maxshowdevs = 4;
247 else
248 maxshowdevs = 3;
252 /* find out how many devices we have */
253 if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
254 err(1, "can't get number of devices");
256 if ((cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo))) ==
257 NULL)
258 err(1, "devinfo malloc failed");
259 if ((last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo))) ==
260 NULL)
261 err(1, "devinfo malloc failed");
262 bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
263 bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
266 * Grab all the devices. We don't look to see if the list has
267 * changed here, since it almost certainly has. We only look for
268 * errors.
270 if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
271 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
273 num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
274 generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
277 * If the user specified any devices on the command line, see if
278 * they are in the list of devices we have now.
280 if ((specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *))) == NULL)
281 err(1, "specified_devices malloc failed");
282 for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
283 if (isdigit(**argv))
284 break;
285 num_devices_specified++;
286 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
287 sizeof(char *) *
288 num_devices_specified);
289 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
292 if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
293 maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
295 dev_select = NULL;
297 if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0))
298 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
299 else
300 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
303 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
304 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
305 * or 1. If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
307 if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
308 &num_selections, &select_generation,
309 generation, cur.dinfo->devices, num_devices,
310 matches, num_matches,
311 specified_devices, num_devices_specified,
312 select_mode, maxshowdevs, hflag) == -1)
313 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
316 * Look for the traditional wait time and count arguments.
318 if (*argv) {
319 waittime = atoi(*argv);
321 /* Let the user know he goofed, but keep going anyway */
322 if (wflag != 0)
323 warnx("discarding previous wait interval, using"
324 " %d instead", waittime);
325 wflag++;
327 if (*++argv) {
328 count = atoi(*argv);
329 if (cflag != 0)
330 warnx("discarding previous count, using %d"
331 " instead", count);
332 cflag++;
333 } else
334 count = -1;
338 * If the user specified a count, but not an interval, we default
339 * to an interval of 1 second.
341 if ((wflag == 0) && (cflag > 0))
342 waittime = 1;
345 * If the user specified a wait time, but not a count, we want to
346 * go on ad infinitum. This can be redundant if the user uses the
347 * traditional method of specifying the wait, since in that case we
348 * already set count = -1 above. Oh well.
350 if ((wflag > 0) && (cflag == 0))
351 count = -1;
353 if (kinfo_get_sched_hz(&hz))
354 err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_hz");
355 if (kinfo_get_sched_stathz(&hz))
356 err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_stathz");
359 * If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
360 * print out the header again.
362 signal(SIGCONT, phdr);
364 for (headercount = 1;;) {
365 struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
367 if (!--headercount) {
368 phdr(0);
369 headercount = 20;
371 if (kinfo_get_tty_tk_nin(&tk_nin))
372 err(1, "kinfo_get_tty_tk_nin");
373 if (kinfo_get_tty_tk_nout(&tk_nout))
374 err(1, "kinfo_get_tty_tk_nout");
375 if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
376 err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
378 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
379 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
380 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
382 last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
385 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
386 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
387 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
388 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
389 * were previously displaying has gone away.
391 switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
392 case -1:
393 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
394 break;
395 case 1: {
396 int retval;
398 num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
399 generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
400 retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
401 &num_selections, &select_generation,
402 generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
403 num_devices, matches, num_matches,
404 specified_devices,
405 num_devices_specified,
406 select_mode, maxshowdevs, hflag);
407 switch(retval) {
408 case -1:
409 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
410 break;
411 case 1:
412 phdr(0);
413 headercount = 20;
414 break;
415 default:
416 break;
418 break;
420 default:
421 break;
425 * We only want to re-select devices if we're in 'top'
426 * mode. This is the only mode where the devices selected
427 * could actually change.
429 if (hflag > 0) {
430 int retval;
431 retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
432 &num_selections, &select_generation,
433 generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
434 num_devices, matches, num_matches,
435 specified_devices,
436 num_devices_specified,
437 select_mode, maxshowdevs, hflag);
438 switch(retval) {
439 case -1:
440 errx(1,"%s", devstat_errbuf);
441 break;
442 case 1:
443 phdr(0);
444 headercount = 20;
445 break;
446 default:
447 break;
451 diff_tk_nin = tk_nin - old_tk_nin;
452 old_tk_nin = tk_nin;
453 diff_tk_nout = tk_nout - old_tk_nout;
454 old_tk_nout = tk_nout;
456 diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
457 diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
458 diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
459 diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
460 diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
461 cp_time_total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
462 diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr +
463 diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
464 old_cp_time = cp_time;
466 if (cp_time_total == 0.0)
467 cp_time_total = 1.0;
469 if ((dflag == 0) || (Tflag > 0))
470 printf("%4.0f%5.0f", diff_tk_nin / cp_time_total * 1e6,
471 diff_tk_nout / cp_time_total * 1e6);
472 devstats(hflag);
473 if ((dflag == 0) || (Cflag > 0))
474 cpustats();
475 printf("\n");
476 fflush(stdout);
478 if (count >= 0 && --count <= 0)
479 break;
481 sleep(waittime);
484 exit(0);
487 static void
488 phdr(__unused int signo)
490 int i;
491 int printed;
493 if ((dflag == 0) || (Tflag > 0))
494 printf(" tty");
495 for (i = 0, printed=0;(i < num_devices) && (printed < maxshowdevs);i++){
496 int di;
497 if ((dev_select[i].selected != 0)
498 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs)) {
499 di = dev_select[i].position;
500 if (oflag > 0)
501 printf("%12.6s%d ",
502 cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name,
503 cur.dinfo->devices[di].unit_number);
504 else
505 printf("%15.6s%d ",
506 cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name,
507 cur.dinfo->devices[di].unit_number);
508 printed++;
511 if ((dflag == 0) || (Cflag > 0))
512 printf(" cpu\n");
513 else
514 printf("\n");
516 if ((dflag == 0) || (Tflag > 0))
517 printf(" tin tout");
519 for (i=0, printed = 0;(i < num_devices) && (printed < maxshowdevs);i++){
520 if ((dev_select[i].selected != 0)
521 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs)) {
522 if (oflag > 0) {
523 if (Iflag == 0)
524 printf(" sps tps msps ");
525 else
526 printf(" blk xfr msps ");
527 } else {
528 if (Iflag == 0)
529 printf(" KB/t tps MB/s ");
530 else
531 printf(" KB/t xfrs MB ");
533 printed++;
536 if ((dflag == 0) || (Cflag > 0))
537 printf(" us ni sy in id\n");
538 else
539 printf("\n");
543 static void
544 devstats(int perf_select)
546 int dn;
547 long double transfers_per_second;
548 long double kb_per_transfer, mb_per_second;
549 u_int64_t total_bytes, total_transfers, total_blocks;
550 long double busy_seconds;
551 long double total_mb;
552 long double blocks_per_second, ms_per_transaction;
555 * Calculate elapsed time up front, since it's the same for all
556 * devices.
558 busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
560 for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
561 int di;
563 if (((perf_select == 0) && (dev_select[dn].selected == 0))
564 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
565 continue;
567 di = dev_select[dn].position;
569 if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
570 &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
571 &total_bytes, &total_transfers,
572 &total_blocks, &kb_per_transfer,
573 &transfers_per_second, &mb_per_second,
574 &blocks_per_second, &ms_per_transaction)!= 0)
575 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
577 if (perf_select != 0) {
578 dev_select[dn].bytes = total_bytes;
579 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
580 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
581 continue;
584 if (Kflag) {
585 int block_size = cur.dinfo->devices[di].block_size;
586 total_blocks = total_blocks * (block_size ?
587 block_size : 512) / 1024;
590 if (oflag > 0) {
591 int msdig = (ms_per_transaction < 100.0) ? 1 : 0;
593 if (Iflag == 0)
594 printf("%4.0Lf%4.0Lf%5.*Lf ",
595 blocks_per_second,
596 transfers_per_second,
597 msdig,
598 ms_per_transaction);
599 else
600 printf("%4.1qu%4.1qu%5.*Lf ",
601 total_blocks,
602 total_transfers,
603 msdig,
604 ms_per_transaction);
605 } else {
606 if (Iflag == 0)
607 printf(" %5.2Lf %3.0Lf %5.2Lf ",
608 kb_per_transfer,
609 transfers_per_second,
610 mb_per_second);
611 else {
612 total_mb = total_bytes;
613 total_mb /= 1024 * 1024;
615 printf(" %5.2Lf %3.1qu %5.2Lf ",
616 kb_per_transfer,
617 total_transfers,
618 total_mb);
624 static void
625 cpustats(void)
627 if (cp_time_total == 0.0)
628 cp_time_total = 1.0;
630 printf(" %2.0f", 100. * diff_cp_time.cp_user / cp_time_total);
631 printf(" %2.0f", 100. * diff_cp_time.cp_nice / cp_time_total);
632 printf(" %2.0f", 100. * diff_cp_time.cp_sys / cp_time_total);
633 printf(" %2.0f", 100. * diff_cp_time.cp_intr / cp_time_total);
634 printf(" %2.0f", 100. * diff_cp_time.cp_idle / cp_time_total);