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32 .\" @(#)login.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 5/5/94
33 .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/login/login.1,v 1.33 2007/11/30 11:02:36 philip Exp $
34 .\" $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/login/login.1,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:29:28 dillon Exp $
36 .Dd September 13, 2006
41 .Nd log into the computer
50 utility logs users (and pseudo-users) into the computer system.
52 If no user is specified, or if a user is specified and authentication
55 prompts for a user name.
56 Authentication of users is configurable via
58 Password authentication is the default.
60 The following options are available:
61 .Bl -tag -width indent
63 When a user name is specified, this option indicates that proper
64 authentication has already been done and that no password need be
66 This option may only be used by the super-user or when an already
67 logged in user is logging in as themselves.
69 Specify the host from which the connection was received.
70 It is used by various daemons such as
72 This option may only be used by the super-user.
76 discards any previous environment.
79 option disables this behavior.
82 Login access can be controlled via
87 allow and deny records based on time, tty and remote host name.
93 changes the protection and ownership of certain devices specified in this
96 Immediately after logging a user in,
98 displays the system copyright notice, the date and time the user last
99 logged in, the message of the day as well as other information.
102 exists in the user's home directory, all of these messages are suppressed.
103 This is to simplify logins for non-human users, such as
108 utility enters information into the environment (see
110 specifying the user's home directory (HOME), command interpreter (SHELL),
111 search path (PATH), terminal type (TERM) and user name (both LOGNAME and
113 Other environment variables may be set due to entries in the login
114 class capabilities database, for the login class assigned in the
115 user's system passwd record.
116 The login class also controls the maximum and current process resource
117 limits granted to a login, process priorities and many other aspects of
118 a user's login environment.
120 Some shells may provide a builtin
122 command which is similar or identical to this utility.
127 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /etc/pam.d/login" -compact
129 changes device protections
130 .It Pa /etc/login.conf
131 login class capabilities database
134 .It Pa /var/mail/user
138 .It Pa /etc/auth.conf
139 configure authentication services
140 .It Pa /etc/pam.d/login