1 .\" Copyright (c) 1997, 1998
2 .\" Bill Paul <wpaul@ctr.columbia.edu>. All rights reserved.
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31 .\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man4/rl.4,v 1.15.2.8 2003/02/17 21:20:39 trhodes Exp $
32 .\" $DragonFly: src/share/man/man4/rl.4,v 1.8 2008/07/11 10:38:50 thomas Exp $
39 .Nd RealTek 8129/8139 fast ethernet device driver
46 driver provides support for PCI ethernet adapters and embedded
47 controllers based on the RealTek 8129 and 8139 fast ethernet controller
49 This includes the Allied Telesyn AT2550, Farallon NetLINE 10/100 PCI,
51 NDC Communications NE100TX-E, OvisLink LEF-8129TX, OvisLink LEF-8139TX,
52 Netronix Inc. EA-1210 NetEther 10/100, KTX-9130TX 10/100 Fast Ethernet,
53 Encore ENL832-TX 10/100 M PCI, Longshine LCS-8038TX-R, the
54 SMC EZ Card 10/100 PCI 1211-TX, and various other cheap adapters.
55 It also supports the Accton EN1207D which has a
56 chip labeled MPX5030 (or MPX5038) which appears to be a RealTek workalike.
58 The RealTek controllers use bus master DMA but do not use a
59 descriptor-based data transfer mechanism.
61 single fixed size ring buffer from which packets must be copied
63 For transmission, there are only four outbound packet
64 address registers which require all outgoing packets to be stored
65 as contiguous buffers.
66 Furthermore, outbound packet buffers must
67 be longword aligned or else transmission will fail.
69 The 8129 differs from the 8139 in that the 8139 has an internal
70 PHY which is controlled through special direct access registers
71 whereas the 8129 uses an external PHY via an MII bus.
73 supports both 10 and 100Mbps speeds in either full or half duplex.
74 The 8129 can support the same speeds and modes given an appropriate
79 driver supports the following media types:
80 .Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
82 Enable autoselection of the media type and options.
84 supported if the PHY chip attached to the RealTek controller
85 supports NWAY autonegotiation.
86 The user can manually override
87 the autoselected mode by adding media options to the
94 option can also be used to select either
100 Set 100Mbps (fast ethernet) operation.
103 option can also be used to select either
112 driver supports the following media options:
113 .Bl -tag -width xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
115 Force full duplex operation
117 Force half duplex operation.
120 Note that the 100baseTX media type is only available if supported
123 For more information on configuring this device, see
131 .It "rl%d: couldn't map memory"
132 A fatal initialization error has occurred.
133 .It "rl%d: couldn't map interrupt"
134 A fatal initialization error has occurred.
135 .It "rl%d: watchdog timeout"
136 The device has stopped responding to the network, or there is a problem with
137 the network connection (cable).
138 .It "rl%d: no memory for rx list"
139 The driver failed to allocate an mbuf for the receiver ring.
140 .It "rl%d: no memory for tx list"
141 The driver failed to allocate an mbuf for the transmitter ring when
142 allocating a pad buffer or collapsing an mbuf chain into a cluster.
143 .It "rl%d: chip is in D3 power state -- setting to D0"
144 This message applies only to adapters which support power
146 Some operating systems place the controller in low power
147 mode when shutting down, and some PCI BIOSes fail to bring the chip
148 out of this state before configuring it.
149 The controller loses all of
150 its PCI configuration in the D3 state, so if the BIOS does not set
151 it back to full power mode in time, it won't be able to configure it
153 The driver tries to detect this condition and bring
154 the adapter back to the D0 (full power) state, but this may not be
155 enough to return the driver to a fully operational condition.
157 you see this message at boot time and the driver fails to attach
158 the device as a network interface, you will have to perform second
159 warm boot to have the device properly configured.
161 Note that this condition only occurs when warm booting from another
163 If you power down your system prior to booting
165 the card should be configured correctly.
176 .%B The RealTek 8129 and 8139 datasheets
177 .%O ftp.realtek.com.tw:/lancard/data sheet
182 device driver first appeared in
187 driver was written by
188 .An Bill Paul Aq wpaul@ctr.columbia.edu .
190 Since outbound packets must be longword aligned, the transmit
191 routine has to copy an unaligned packet into an mbuf cluster buffer
193 The driver abuses the fact that the cluster buffer
194 pool is allocated at system startup time in a contiguous region starting
196 Since cluster buffers are 2048 bytes, they are
197 longword aligned by definition.
198 The driver probably should not be
199 depending on this characteristic.
201 The RealTek data sheets are of especially poor quality,
202 and there is a lot of information missing
203 particularly concerning the receiver operation.
205 important fact that the data sheets fail to mention relates to the
206 way in which the chip fills in the receive buffer.
208 is posted to signal that a frame has been received, it is possible that
209 another frame might be in the process of being copied into the receive
210 buffer while the driver is busy handling the first one.
212 manages to finish processing the first frame before the chip is done
213 DMAing the rest of the next frame, the driver may attempt to process
214 the next frame in the buffer before the chip has had a chance to finish
217 The driver can check for an incomplete frame by inspecting the frame
218 length in the header preceding the actual packet data: an incomplete
219 frame will have the magic length of 0xFFF0.
220 When the driver encounters
221 this value, it knows that it has finished processing all currently
223 Neither this magic value nor its significance are
224 documented anywhere in the RealTek data sheets.