1 .\" Copyright 2001 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
2 .\" All rights reserved.
4 .\" Written by Jason R. Thorpe for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
6 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
15 .\" must display the following acknowledgement:
16 .\" This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
17 .\" Wasabi Systems, Inc.
18 .\" 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
19 .\" or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
20 .\" written permission.
22 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
23 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
24 .\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
25 .\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
26 .\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
27 .\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
28 .\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
29 .\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
30 .\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
31 .\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
32 .\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
34 .\" $NetBSD: bridge.4,v 1.7 2005/06/23 12:47:38 peter Exp $
35 .\" $DragonFly: src/share/man/man4/bridge.4,v 1.10 2007/07/29 17:27:45 swildner Exp $
42 .Nd network bridge device
44 .Cd "pseudo-device bridge"
48 driver creates a logical link between two or more IEEE 802 networks
52 For example, it is possible to bridge Ethernet and 802.11 networks together,
53 but it is not possible to bridge Ethernet and Token Ring together.
57 the administrator must first create the interface and configure
58 the bridge parameters.
59 The bridge is created using the
65 manual page for further information on configuring bridges.
67 A bridge can be used to provide several services, such as a simple
68 802.11-to-Ethernet bridge for wireless hosts, and traffic isolation.
70 A bridge works like a hub, forwarding traffic from one interface
72 Multicast and broadcast packets are always forwarded to all
73 interfaces that are part of the bridge.
74 For unicast traffic, the bridge learns which MAC addresses are associated
75 with which interfaces and will forward the traffic selectively.
79 driver implements the IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree protocol (STP).
80 Spanning Tree is used to detect and remove loops in a network topology.
82 Packet filtering can be used with any firewall package that hooks in via the
85 When filtering is enabled, bridged packets will pass through the filter
86 inbound on the originating interface, on the bridge interface and outbound on
87 the appropriate interfaces.
88 Either stage can be disabled, this behaviour can be controlled using
91 .Va net.link.bridge.pfil_member
94 to enable filtering on the incoming and outgoing member interfaces
96 .Va net.link.bridge.pfil_bridge
99 to enable filtering on the bridge interface.
101 ARP and REVARP packets are forwarded without being filtered and others
102 that are not IP nor IPv6 packets are not forwarded when filtering is
105 Note that packets to and from the bridging host will be seen by the
106 filter on the interface with the appropriate address configured as well
107 as on the interface on which the packet arrives or departs.
109 The MTU of the first member interface to be added is used as the bridge MTU,
110 all additional members are required to have exactly the same value.
117 driver first appeared in
119 and found its way into
125 driver was originally written by
127 .Aq jason@thought.net
128 as part of an undergraduate independent study at the University of
129 North Carolina at Greensboro.
133 driver has been heavily modified from the original version by
135 .Aq thorpej@wasabisystems.com .
139 driver currently supports only Ethernet and Ethernet-like (e.g. 802.11)
140 network devices, with exactly the same interface MTU size as the bridge device.