1 .\" Copyright (c) 2008 The DragonFly Project. All rights reserved.
3 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to The DragonFly Project
4 .\" by Matthew Dillon <dillon@backplane.com>
6 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
14 .\" the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
16 .\" 3. Neither the name of The DragonFly Project nor the names of its
17 .\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
18 .\" from this software without specific, prior written permission.
20 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
21 .\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
22 .\" LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
23 .\" FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
24 .\" COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25 .\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
26 .\" BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
27 .\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
28 .\" AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
29 .\" OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
30 .\" OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33 .Dd September 27, 2015
38 .Nd Undo changes made to files on HAMMER filesystems
43 .Op Fl t Ar transaction-id
44 .Op Fl t Ar transaction-id
49 utility acquires an older version of the specified files and can output
50 them to stdout, generate a file with the previous contents, or generate
51 a diff to stdout. A history can also be generated.
53 The options are as follows:
54 .Bl -tag -width indent
56 Generate a unified diff from the older version to the current version.
58 Generate a unified diff from the current version to the older version.
60 Generate a single line giving the transaction id and converted timestamp
61 of the version of the file requested, rather than dumping the contents
64 Iterate through the file's entire history generating undo files, diffs,
65 output, etc. Note that due to the way file creation is laid down a
66 file may appear to be zero-filled just after creation before the data
67 is actually synced. There will be a later version with the synced
68 data. This is a known bug.
70 Output to a file with name synthesized from the input filename postfixed with ".undo".
71 If not specified output is either to stdout or, if a single file argument
72 is given, the file specified by the
78 Output to the specified file instead of to stdout. If iterating through
79 a file's entire history
81 will be postfixed with an iteration number in the form "outfile.%04d".
82 If multiple files are specified
84 is used as a template where '%s' is replaced with the last component of
85 each file path. When used with multiple files '%%' must be used in the
87 specification to indicate a '%'. When used with a single file the
89 string is used verbatim.
90 .It Fl t Ar transaction-id
91 Specify how far to go back in time, by giving a hexadecimal HAMMER
92 transaction id which must start with "0x". If not specified
93 the program will attempt to locate the most recent version of the
94 file(s) prior to the current version.
95 This option does not apply if
101 specification may be given to provide two end-points for a diff, and
106 Transaction ids always start with "0x".
107 A simple index may be
108 specified instead of a transaction id where 0 indicates the latest version
109 and increasing values indicate older versions.
114 .Li "undo -d mytextfile"
116 .Li "undo -o mytextfile.old mytextfile"
119 .It "Warning: fake transaction id path@@0x..."
120 While locating past versions of the file,
122 came across a fake transaction id, which are automatically generated by
124 in case the file's directory entry and inode got bisected in the past.
131 utility first appeared in
134 .An Matthew Dillon Aq Mt dillon@backplane.com
136 HAMMER only synchronizes information to disk every 30 seconds or so and
137 a quick file create / delete is done entirely in system memory and cannot
138 be undone. This can be worked around by running
139 .Dq Nm hammer Cm synctid Ar filesystem .