2 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
13 .\" must display the following acknowledgement:
14 .\" This product includes software developed by the University of
15 .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
16 .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 .\" without specific prior written permission.
20 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32 .\" @(#)rs.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
33 .\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/rs/rs.1,v 1.4.2.5 2002/06/21 15:28:55 charnier Exp $
34 .\" $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/rs/rs.1,v 1.3 2006/04/17 18:01:37 swildner Exp $
41 .Nd reshape a data array
45 .Fl Oo Cm csCS Oc Ns Op Ar x
46 .Oo Cm kKgGw Oc Ns Op Ar N
49 .Op Ar rows Op Ar cols
53 utility reads the standard input, interpreting each line as a row
54 of blank-separated entries in an array,
55 transforms the array according to the options,
56 and writes it on the standard output.
57 With no arguments it transforms stream input into a columnar
58 format convenient for terminal viewing.
60 The shape of the input array is deduced from the number of lines
61 and the number of columns on the first line.
62 If that shape is inconvenient, a more useful one might be
63 obtained by skipping some of the input with the
66 Other options control interpretation of the input columns.
68 The shape of the output array is influenced by the
72 specifications, which should be positive integers.
73 If only one of them is a positive integer,
75 computes a value for the other which will accommodate
77 When necessary, missing data are supplied in a manner
78 specified by the options and surplus data are deleted.
79 There are options to control presentation of the output columns,
80 including transposition of the rows and columns.
82 The following options are available:
83 .Bl -tag -width indent
85 Input columns are delimited by the single character
93 but maximal strings of
97 Output columns are delimited by the single character
105 but padded strings of
109 Fill in the rows of the output array using the columns of the
110 input array, that is, transpose the input while honoring any
116 Print the pure transpose of the input, ignoring any
128 but print the ignored lines.
130 The gutter width (inter-column space), normally 2, is taken to be
135 percent of the maximum column width added to it.
137 Consider each line of input as an array entry.
139 On lines having fewer entries than the first line,
140 use null entries to pad out the line.
141 Normally, missing entries are taken from the next line of input.
143 If there are too few entries to make up the output dimensions,
144 pad the output by recycling the input from the beginning.
145 Normally, the output is padded with blanks.
147 Print the shape of the input array and do nothing else.
148 The shape is just the number of lines and the number of
149 entries on the first line.
153 but also print the length of each line.
155 Right adjust entries within columns.
157 The width of the display, normally 80, is taken to be the positive
161 Do not trim excess delimiters from the ends of the output array.
163 Adapt column widths to fit the largest entries appearing in them.
168 transposes its input, and assumes one array entry per input line
169 unless the first non-ignored line is longer than the display width.
170 Option letters which take numerical arguments interpret a missing
171 number as zero unless otherwise indicated.
175 utility can be used as a filter to convert the stream output
176 of certain programs (e.g.,
185 into a convenient ``window'' format, as in
186 .Bd -literal -offset indent
190 This function has been incorporated into the
192 program, though for most programs with similar output
196 To convert stream input into vector output and back again, use
197 .Bd -literal -offset indent
201 A 10 by 10 array of random numbers from 1 to 100 and
202 its transpose can be generated with
203 .Bd -literal -offset indent
204 % jot \-r 100 | rs 10 10 | tee array | rs \-T > tarray
209 a file consisting of a multi-line vector with 9 elements per line
210 can undergo insertions and deletions,
211 and then be neatly reshaped into 9 columns with
212 .Bd -literal -offset indent
216 Finally, to sort a database by the first line of each 4-line field, try
217 .Bd -literal -offset indent
218 % rs \-eC 0 4 | sort | rs \-c 0 1
228 Handles only two dimensional arrays.
230 The algorithm currently reads the whole file into memory,
231 so files that do not fit in memory will not be reshaped.
233 Fields cannot be defined yet on character positions.
235 Re-ordering of columns is not yet possible.
237 There are too many options.