usr.bin/xinstall/xinstall.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  *
  33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  34  * @(#)xinstall.c       8.1 (Berkeley) 7/21/93
  35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/xinstall/xinstall.c,v 1.38.2.8 2002/08/07 16:29:48 ru Exp $
  36  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/xinstall/xinstall.c,v 1.7 2008/11/12 00:16:46 dillon Exp $
  37  */
  38
  39 #include <sys/param.h>
  40 #include <sys/mman.h>
  41 #include <sys/mount.h>
  42 #include <sys/stat.h>
  43 #include <sys/wait.h>
  44
  45 #include <ctype.h>
  46 #include <err.h>
  47 #include <errno.h>
  48 #include <fcntl.h>
  49 #include <grp.h>
  50 #include <paths.h>
  51 #include <pwd.h>
  52 #include <stdio.h>
  53 #include <stdlib.h>
  54 #include <string.h>
  55 #include <sysexits.h>
  56 #include <unistd.h>
  57 #include <utime.h>
  58
  59 #include "pathnames.h"
  60
  61 /* Bootstrap aid - this doesn't exist in most older releases */
  62 #ifndef MAP_FAILED
  63 #define MAP_FAILED ((void *)-1) /* from <sys/mman.h> */
  64 #endif
  65 #ifndef UF_NOHISTORY
  66 #define UF_NOHISTORY    0
  67 #endif
  68
  69 #define MAX_CMP_SIZE    (16 * 1024 * 1024)
  70
  71 #define DIRECTORY       0x01            /* Tell install it's a directory. */
  72 #define SETFLAGS        0x02            /* Tell install to set flags. */
  73 #define NOCHANGEBITS    (UF_IMMUTABLE | UF_APPEND | SF_IMMUTABLE | SF_APPEND)
  74 #define BACKUP_SUFFIX   ".old"
  75
  76 struct passwd *pp;
  77 struct group *gp;
  78 gid_t gid;
  79 uid_t uid;
  80 int dobackup, docompare, dodir, dopreserve, dostrip, nommap, safecopy, verbose;
  81 mode_t mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
  82 const char *suffix = BACKUP_SUFFIX;
  83
  84 static int file_getgroup(const char *etcdir, const char *group, gid_t *gid);
  85 static int file_getowner(const char *etcdir, const char *owner, uid_t *uid);
  86
  87 void    copy(int, const char *, int, const char *, off_t);
  88 int     compare(int, const char *, size_t, int, const char *, size_t);
  89 int     create_newfile(const char *, int, struct stat *);
  90 int     create_tempfile(const char *, char *, size_t);
  91 void    install(const char *, const char *, u_long, u_long, u_int);
  92 void    install_dir(char *);
  93 u_long  numeric_id(const char *, const char *);
  94 void    strip(const char *);
  95 int     trymmap(int);
  96 void    usage(void);
  97
  98 int
  99 main(int argc, char **argv)
 100 {
 101         struct stat from_sb, to_sb;
 102         mode_t *set;
 103         u_long fset;
 104         u_long fclr;
 105         int ch, no_target;
 106         int trysys;
 107         u_int iflags;
 108         char *flags;
 109         const char *group, *owner, *to_name;
 110         const char *etcdir;
 111
 112         iflags = 0;
 113         trysys = 0;
 114         group = NULL;
 115         owner = NULL;
 116         etcdir = NULL;
 117
 118         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "L:B:bCcdf:g:lMm:o:pSsv")) != -1)
 119                 switch((char)ch) {
 120                 case 'L':
 121                         etcdir = optarg;
 122                         break;
 123                 case 'B':
 124                         suffix = optarg;
 125                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 126                 case 'b':
 127                         dobackup = 1;
 128                         break;
 129                 case 'C':
 130                         docompare = 1;
 131                         break;
 132                 case 'c':
 133                         /* For backwards compatibility. */
 134                         break;
 135                 case 'd':
 136                         dodir = 1;
 137                         break;
 138                 case 'f':
 139                         flags = optarg;
 140                         if (strtofflags(&flags, &fset, &fclr))
 141                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: invalid flag", flags);
 142                         iflags |= SETFLAGS;
 143                         break;
 144                 case 'g':
 145                         group = optarg;
 146                         break;
 147                 case 'l':
 148                         trysys = 1;
 149                         break;
 150                 case 'M':
 151                         nommap = 1;
 152                         break;
 153                 case 'm':
 154                         if (!(set = setmode(optarg)))
 155                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid file mode: %s",
 156                                      optarg);
 157                         mode = getmode(set, 0);
 158                         free(set);
 159                         break;
 160                 case 'o':
 161                         owner = optarg;
 162                         break;
 163                 case 'p':
 164                         docompare = dopreserve = 1;
 165                         break;
 166                 case 'S':
 167                         safecopy = 1;
 168                         break;
 169                 case 's':
 170                         dostrip = 1;
 171                         break;
 172                 case 'v':
 173                         verbose = 1;
 174                         break;
 175                 case '?':
 176                 default:
 177                         usage();
 178                 }
 179         argc -= optind;
 180         argv += optind;
 181
 182         /* some options make no sense when creating directories */
 183         if (dostrip && dodir)
 184                 usage();
 185
 186         /* must have at least two arguments, except when creating directories */
 187         if (argc < 2 && !dodir)
 188                 usage();
 189
 190         /* need to make a temp copy so we can compare stripped version */
 191         if (docompare && dostrip)
 192                 safecopy = 1;
 193
 194         /* no etcdir specified, always try the system */
 195         if (etcdir == NULL)
 196                 trysys = 1;
 197         uid = (uid_t)-1;
 198         gid = (gid_t)-1;
 199
 200         /* get group and owner id's */
 201         if (group != NULL) {
 202                 if (etcdir && file_getgroup(etcdir, group, &gid)) {
 203                         ;
 204                 } else if (trysys && (gp = getgrnam(group)) != NULL) {
 205                         gid = gp->gr_gid;
 206                 } else {
 207                         gid = (gid_t)numeric_id(group, "group");
 208                 }
 209         }
 210
 211         if (owner != NULL) {
 212                 if (etcdir && file_getowner(etcdir, owner, &uid)) {
 213                         ;
 214                 } else if (trysys && (pp = getpwnam(owner)) != NULL) {
 215                         uid = pp->pw_uid;
 216                 } else {
 217                         uid = (uid_t)numeric_id(owner, "user");
 218                 }
 219         }
 220
 221         if (dodir) {
 222                 for (; *argv != NULL; ++argv)
 223                         install_dir(*argv);
 224                 exit(EX_OK);
 225                 /* NOTREACHED */
 226         }
 227
 228         no_target = stat(to_name = argv[argc - 1], &to_sb);
 229         if (!no_target && S_ISDIR(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 230                 for (; *argv != to_name; ++argv)
 231                         install(*argv, to_name, fset, fclr, iflags | DIRECTORY);
 232                 exit(EX_OK);
 233                 /* NOTREACHED */
 234         }
 235
 236         /* can't do file1 file2 directory/file */
 237         if (argc != 2)
 238                 usage();
 239
 240         if (!no_target) {
 241                 if (stat(*argv, &from_sb))
 242                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", *argv);
 243                 if (!S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 244                         errno = EFTYPE;
 245                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 246                 }
 247                 if (to_sb.st_dev == from_sb.st_dev &&
 248                     to_sb.st_ino == from_sb.st_ino)
 249                         errx(EX_USAGE,
 250                             "%s and %s are the same file", *argv, to_name);
 251         }
 252         install(*argv, to_name, fset, fclr, iflags);
 253         exit(EX_OK);
 254         /* NOTREACHED */
 255 }
 256
 257 u_long
 258 numeric_id(const char *name, const char *type)
 259 {
 260         u_long val;
 261         char *ep;
 262
 263         /*
 264          * XXX
 265          * We know that uid_t's and gid_t's are unsigned longs.
 266          */
 267         errno = 0;
 268         val = strtoul(name, &ep, 10);
 269         if (errno)
 270                 err(EX_NOUSER, "%s", name);
 271         if (*ep != '\0')
 272                 errx(EX_NOUSER, "unknown %s %s", type, name);
 273         return (val);
 274 }
 275
 276 static
 277 int
 278 file_getgroup(const char *etcdir, const char *group, gid_t *gid)
 279 {
 280         FILE *fp;
 281         size_t len;
 282         size_t grlen;
 283         char *path;
 284         char *ptr;
 285         char *scan;
 286
 287         grlen = strlen(group);
 288
 289         if (asprintf(&path, "%s/group", etcdir) < 0)
 290                 errx(EX_OSERR, "asprintf()");
 291         if ((fp = fopen(path, "r")) != NULL) {
 292                 while ((ptr = fgetln(fp, &len)) != NULL && len) {
 293                         ptr[len - 1] = 0;
 294                         if ((scan = strchr(ptr, ':')) == NULL)
 295                                 continue;
 296                         if (scan - ptr != grlen)
 297                                 continue;
 298                         if (strncmp(ptr, group, grlen) != 0)
 299                                 continue;
 300                         if ((scan = strchr(scan + 1, ':')) == NULL)
 301                                 continue;
 302                         *gid = strtoul(scan + 1, NULL, 10);
 303                         break;
 304                 }
 305                 fclose(fp);
 306         }
 307         free(path);
 308         return((*gid == (gid_t)-1) ? 0 : 1);
 309 }
 310
 311 static
 312 int
 313 file_getowner(const char *etcdir, const char *owner, uid_t *uid)
 314 {
 315         FILE *fp;
 316         size_t len;
 317         size_t owner_len;
 318         char *path;
 319         char *ptr;
 320         char *scan;
 321
 322         owner_len = strlen(owner);
 323
 324         if (asprintf(&path, "%s/master.passwd", etcdir) < 0)
 325                 errx(EX_OSERR, "asprintf()");
 326         if ((fp = fopen(path, "r")) != NULL) {
 327                 while ((ptr = fgetln(fp, &len)) != NULL && len) {
 328                         ptr[len - 1] = 0;
 329                         if ((scan = strchr(ptr, ':')) == NULL)
 330                                 continue;
 331                         if (scan - ptr != owner_len)
 332                                 continue;
 333                         if (strncmp(ptr, owner, owner_len) != 0)
 334                                 continue;
 335                         if ((scan = strchr(scan + 1, ':')) == NULL)
 336                                 continue;
 337                         *uid = strtoul(scan + 1, NULL, 10);
 338                         break;
 339                 }
 340                 fclose(fp);
 341         }
 342         free(path);
 343         return((*uid == (uid_t)-1) ? 0 : 1);
 344 }
 345
 346 /*
 347  * install --
 348  *      build a path name and install the file
 349  */
 350 void
 351 install(const char *from_name, const char *to_name, u_long fset, u_long fclr,
 352         u_int flags)
 353 {
 354         struct stat from_sb, temp_sb, to_sb;
 355         struct utimbuf utb;
 356         int devnull, files_match, from_fd, serrno, target;
 357         int tempcopy, temp_fd, to_fd;
 358         u_long nfset;
 359         char backup[MAXPATHLEN], *p, pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN], tempfile[MAXPATHLEN];
 360
 361         files_match = 0;
 362
 363         /* If try to install NULL file to a directory, fails. */
 364         if (flags & DIRECTORY || strcmp(from_name, _PATH_DEVNULL)) {
 365                 if (stat(from_name, &from_sb))
 366                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 367                 if (!S_ISREG(from_sb.st_mode)) {
 368                         errno = EFTYPE;
 369                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 370                 }
 371                 /* Build the target path. */
 372                 if (flags & DIRECTORY) {
 373                         snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf), "%s/%s",
 374                             to_name,
 375                             (p = strrchr(from_name, '/')) ? ++p : from_name);
 376                         to_name = pathbuf;
 377                 }
 378                 devnull = 0;
 379         } else {
 380                 devnull = 1;
 381         }
 382
 383         target = stat(to_name, &to_sb) == 0;
 384
 385         /* Only install to regular files. */
 386         if (target && !S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 387                 errno = EFTYPE;
 388                 warn("%s", to_name);
 389                 return;
 390         }
 391
 392         /* Only copy safe if the target exists. */
 393         tempcopy = safecopy && target;
 394
 395         if (!devnull && (from_fd = open(from_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 396                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 397
 398         /* If we don't strip, we can compare first. */
 399         if (docompare && !dostrip && target) {
 400                 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 401                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 402                 if (devnull)
 403                         files_match = to_sb.st_size == 0;
 404                 else
 405                         files_match = !(compare(from_fd, from_name,
 406                             (size_t)from_sb.st_size, to_fd,
 407                             to_name, (size_t)to_sb.st_size));
 408
 409                 /* Close "to" file unless we match. */
 410                 if (!files_match)
 411                         close(to_fd);
 412         }
 413
 414         if (!files_match) {
 415                 if (tempcopy) {
 416                         to_fd = create_tempfile(to_name, tempfile,
 417                             sizeof(tempfile));
 418                         if (to_fd < 0)
 419                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", tempfile);
 420                 } else {
 421                         if ((to_fd = create_newfile(to_name, target,
 422                             &to_sb)) < 0)
 423                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 424                         if (verbose)
 425                                 printf("install: %s -> %s\n",
 426                                     from_name, to_name);
 427                 }
 428                 if (!devnull)
 429                         copy(from_fd, from_name, to_fd,
 430                              tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name, from_sb.st_size);
 431         }
 432
 433         if (dostrip) {
 434                 strip(tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name);
 435
 436                 /*
 437                  * Re-open our fd on the target, in case we used a strip
 438                  * that does not work in-place -- like GNU binutils strip.
 439                  */
 440                 close(to_fd);
 441                 to_fd = open(tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name, O_RDONLY, 0);
 442                 if (to_fd < 0)
 443                         err(EX_OSERR, "stripping %s", to_name);
 444         }
 445
 446         /*
 447          * Compare the stripped temp file with the target.
 448          */
 449         if (docompare && dostrip && target) {
 450                 temp_fd = to_fd;
 451
 452                 /* Re-open to_fd using the real target name. */
 453                 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 454                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 455
 456                 if (fstat(temp_fd, &temp_sb)) {
 457                         serrno = errno;
 458                         unlink(tempfile);
 459                         errno = serrno;
 460                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", tempfile);
 461                 }
 462
 463                 if (compare(temp_fd, tempfile, (size_t)temp_sb.st_size, to_fd,
 464                             to_name, (size_t)to_sb.st_size) == 0) {
 465                         /*
 466                          * If target has more than one link we need to
 467                          * replace it in order to snap the extra links.
 468                          * Need to preserve target file times, though.
 469                          */
 470                         if (to_sb.st_nlink != 1) {
 471                                 utb.actime = to_sb.st_atime;
 472                                 utb.modtime = to_sb.st_mtime;
 473                                 utime(tempfile, &utb);
 474                         } else {
 475                                 files_match = 1;
 476                                 unlink(tempfile);
 477                         }
 478                         close(temp_fd);
 479                 }
 480         }
 481
 482         /*
 483          * Move the new file into place if doing a safe copy
 484          * and the files are different (or just not compared).
 485          */
 486         if (tempcopy && !files_match) {
 487                 /* Try to turn off the immutable bits. */
 488                 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 489                         chflags(to_name, to_sb.st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 490                 if (dobackup) {
 491                         if ((size_t)snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s", to_name,
 492                             suffix) != strlen(to_name) + strlen(suffix)) {
 493                                 unlink(tempfile);
 494                                 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: backup filename too long",
 495                                     to_name);
 496                         }
 497                         if (verbose)
 498                                 printf("install: %s -> %s\n", to_name, backup);
 499                         if (rename(to_name, backup) < 0) {
 500                                 serrno = errno;
 501                                 unlink(tempfile);
 502                                 errno = serrno;
 503                                 err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s", to_name,
 504                                      backup);
 505                         }
 506                 }
 507                 if (verbose)
 508                         printf("install: %s -> %s\n", from_name, to_name);
 509                 if (rename(tempfile, to_name) < 0) {
 510                         serrno = errno;
 511                         unlink(tempfile);
 512                         errno = serrno;
 513                         err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s",
 514                             tempfile, to_name);
 515                 }
 516
 517                 /* Re-open to_fd so we aren't hosed by the rename(2). */
 518                 close(to_fd);
 519                 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 520                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 521         }
 522
 523         /*
 524          * Preserve the timestamp of the source file if necessary.
 525          */
 526         if (dopreserve && !files_match && !devnull) {
 527                 utb.actime = from_sb.st_atime;
 528                 utb.modtime = from_sb.st_mtime;
 529                 utime(to_name, &utb);
 530         }
 531
 532         if (fstat(to_fd, &to_sb) == -1) {
 533                 serrno = errno;
 534                 unlink(to_name);
 535                 errno = serrno;
 536                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 537         }
 538
 539         /*
 540          * Set owner, group, mode for target; do the chown first,
 541          * chown may lose the setuid bits.
 542          */
 543         if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 && gid != to_sb.st_gid) ||
 544             (uid != (uid_t)-1 && uid != to_sb.st_uid) ||
 545             (mode != to_sb.st_mode)) {
 546                 /* Try to turn off the immutable bits. */
 547                 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 548                         fchflags(to_fd, to_sb.st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 549         }
 550
 551         if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 && gid != to_sb.st_gid) ||
 552             (uid != (uid_t)-1 && uid != to_sb.st_uid))
 553                 if (fchown(to_fd, uid, gid) == -1) {
 554                         serrno = errno;
 555                         unlink(to_name);
 556                         errno = serrno;
 557                         err(EX_OSERR,"%s: chown/chgrp", to_name);
 558                 }
 559
 560         if (mode != to_sb.st_mode)
 561                 if (fchmod(to_fd, mode)) {
 562                         serrno = errno;
 563                         unlink(to_name);
 564                         errno = serrno;
 565                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: chmod", to_name);
 566                 }
 567
 568         /*
 569          * If provided a set of flags, set them, otherwise, preserve the
 570          * flags, except for the dump and history flags.  The dump flag
 571          * is left clear on the target while the history flag from when
 572          * the target was created (which is inherited from the target's
 573          * parent directory) is retained.
 574          */
 575         if (flags & SETFLAGS) {
 576                 nfset = (to_sb.st_flags | fset) & ~fclr;
 577         } else {
 578                 nfset = from_sb.st_flags & ~(UF_NODUMP | UF_NOHISTORY) |
 579                         (to_sb.st_flags & UF_NOHISTORY);
 580         }
 581
 582         /*
 583          * NFS does not support flags.  Ignore EOPNOTSUPP flags if we're just
 584          * trying to turn off UF_NODUMP.  If we're trying to set real flags,
 585          * then warn if the the fs doesn't support it, otherwise fail.
 586          */
 587         if (!devnull && fchflags(to_fd, nfset)) {
 588                 if (flags & SETFLAGS) {
 589                         if (errno == EOPNOTSUPP)
 590                                 warn("%s: chflags", to_name);
 591                         else {
 592                                 serrno = errno;
 593                                 unlink(to_name);
 594                                 errno = serrno;
 595                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s: chflags", to_name);
 596                         }
 597                 }
 598         }
 599
 600         close(to_fd);
 601         if (!devnull)
 602                 close(from_fd);
 603 }
 604
 605 /*
 606  * compare --
 607  *      compare two files; non-zero means files differ
 608  */
 609 int
 610 compare(int from_fd, const char *from_name __unused, size_t from_len,
 611         int to_fd, const char *to_name __unused, size_t to_len)
 612 {
 613         char *p, *q;
 614         int rv;
 615         int done_compare;
 616
 617         rv = 0;
 618         if (from_len != to_len)
 619                 return 1;
 620
 621         if (from_len <= MAX_CMP_SIZE) {
 622                 done_compare = 0;
 623                 if (trymmap(from_fd) && trymmap(to_fd)) {
 624                         p = mmap(NULL, from_len, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, from_fd, (off_t)0);
 625                         if (p == (char *)MAP_FAILED)
 626                                 goto out;
 627                         q = mmap(NULL, from_len, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, to_fd, (off_t)0);
 628                         if (q == (char *)MAP_FAILED) {
 629                                 munmap(p, from_len);
 630                                 goto out;
 631                         }
 632
 633                         rv = memcmp(p, q, from_len);
 634                         munmap(p, from_len);
 635                         munmap(q, from_len);
 636                         done_compare = 1;
 637                 }
 638         out:
 639                 if (!done_compare) {
 640                         char buf1[MAXBSIZE];
 641                         char buf2[MAXBSIZE];
 642                         int n1, n2;
 643
 644                         rv = 0;
 645                         lseek(from_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 646                         lseek(to_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 647                         while (rv == 0) {
 648                                 n1 = read(from_fd, buf1, sizeof(buf1));
 649                                 if (n1 == 0)
 650                                         break;          /* EOF */
 651                                 else if (n1 > 0) {
 652                                         n2 = read(to_fd, buf2, n1);
 653                                         if (n2 == n1)
 654                                                 rv = memcmp(buf1, buf2, n1);
 655                                         else
 656                                                 rv = 1; /* out of sync */
 657                                 } else
 658                                         rv = 1;         /* read failure */
 659                         }
 660                         lseek(from_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 661                         lseek(to_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 662                 }
 663         } else
 664                 rv = 1; /* don't bother in this case */
 665
 666         return rv;
 667 }
 668
 669 /*
 670  * create_tempfile --
 671  *      create a temporary file based on path and open it
 672  */
 673 int
 674 create_tempfile(const char *path, char *temp, size_t tsize)
 675 {
 676         char *p;
 677
 678         strncpy(temp, path, tsize);
 679         temp[tsize - 1] = '\0';
 680         if ((p = strrchr(temp, '/')) != NULL)
 681                 p++;
 682         else
 683                 p = temp;
 684         strncpy(p, "INS@XXXX", &temp[tsize - 1] - p);
 685         temp[tsize - 1] = '\0';
 686         return (mkstemp(temp));
 687 }
 688
 689 /*
 690  * create_newfile --
 691  *      create a new file, overwriting an existing one if necessary
 692  */
 693 int
 694 create_newfile(const char *path, int target, struct stat *sbp)
 695 {
 696         char backup[MAXPATHLEN];
 697
 698         if (target) {
 699                 /*
 700                  * Unlink now... avoid ETXTBSY errors later.  Try to turn
 701                  * off the append/immutable bits -- if we fail, go ahead,
 702                  * it might work.
 703                  */
 704                 if (sbp->st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 705                         chflags(path, sbp->st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 706
 707                 if (dobackup) {
 708                         if ((size_t)snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
 709                             path, suffix) != strlen(path) + strlen(suffix))
 710                                 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: backup filename too long",
 711                                     path);
 712                         snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
 713                             path, suffix);
 714                         if (verbose)
 715                                 printf("install: %s -> %s\n",
 716                                     path, backup);
 717                         if (rename(path, backup) < 0)
 718                                 err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s", path, backup);
 719                 } else
 720                         unlink(path);
 721         }
 722
 723         return (open(path, O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_TRUNC, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR));
 724 }
 725
 726 /*
 727  * copy --
 728  *      copy from one file to another
 729  */
 730 void
 731 copy(int from_fd, const char *from_name, int to_fd,
 732      const char *to_name, off_t size)
 733 {
 734         int nr, nw;
 735         int serrno;
 736         char *p, buf[MAXBSIZE];
 737         int done_copy;
 738
 739         /* Rewind file descriptors. */
 740         if (lseek(from_fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
 741                 err(EX_OSERR, "lseek: %s", from_name);
 742         if (lseek(to_fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
 743                 err(EX_OSERR, "lseek: %s", to_name);
 744
 745         /*
 746          * Mmap and write if less than 8M (the limit is so we don't totally
 747          * trash memory on big files.  This is really a minor hack, but it
 748          * wins some CPU back.
 749          */
 750         done_copy = 0;
 751         if (size <= 8 * 1048576 && trymmap(from_fd) &&
 752             (p = mmap(NULL, (size_t)size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
 753                     from_fd, (off_t)0)) != (char *)MAP_FAILED) {
 754                 if ((nw = write(to_fd, p, size)) != size) {
 755                         serrno = errno;
 756                         unlink(to_name);
 757                         errno = nw > 0 ? EIO : serrno;
 758                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 759                 }
 760                 done_copy = 1;
 761         }
 762         if (!done_copy) {
 763                 while ((nr = read(from_fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
 764                         if ((nw = write(to_fd, buf, nr)) != nr) {
 765                                 serrno = errno;
 766                                 unlink(to_name);
 767                                 errno = nw > 0 ? EIO : serrno;
 768                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 769                         }
 770                 if (nr != 0) {
 771                         serrno = errno;
 772                         unlink(to_name);
 773                         errno = serrno;
 774                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 775                 }
 776         }
 777 }
 778
 779 /*
 780  * strip --
 781  *      use strip(1) to strip the target file
 782  */
 783 void
 784 strip(const char *to_name)
 785 {
 786         const char *stripbin;
 787         int serrno, status;
 788
 789         switch (fork()) {
 790         case -1:
 791                 serrno = errno;
 792                 unlink(to_name);
 793                 errno = serrno;
 794                 err(EX_TEMPFAIL, "fork");
 795         case 0:
 796                 stripbin = getenv("STRIPBIN");
 797                 if (stripbin == NULL)
 798                         stripbin = "strip";
 799                 execlp(stripbin, stripbin, to_name, (char *)NULL);
 800                 err(EX_OSERR, "exec(%s)", stripbin);
 801         default:
 802                 if (wait(&status) == -1 || status) {
 803                         serrno = errno;
 804                         unlink(to_name);
 805                         errc(EX_SOFTWARE, serrno, "wait");
 806                         /* NOTREACHED */
 807                 }
 808         }
 809 }
 810
 811 /*
 812  * install_dir --
 813  *      build directory hierarchy
 814  */
 815 void
 816 install_dir(char *path)
 817 {
 818         char *p;
 819         struct stat sb;
 820         int ch;
 821
 822         for (p = path;; ++p)
 823                 if (!*p || (p != path && *p  == '/')) {
 824                         ch = *p;
 825                         *p = '\0';
 826                         if (stat(path, &sb)) {
 827                                 if (errno != ENOENT || mkdir(path, 0755) < 0) {
 828                                         err(EX_OSERR, "mkdir %s", path);
 829                                         /* NOTREACHED */
 830                                 } else if (verbose)
 831                                         printf("install: mkdir %s\n",
 832                                                      path);
 833                         } else if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode))
 834                                 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s exists but is not a directory", path);
 835                         if (!(*p = ch))
 836                                 break;
 837                 }
 838
 839         if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 || uid != (uid_t)-1) && chown(path, uid, gid))
 840                 warn("chown %u:%u %s", uid, gid, path);
 841         if (chmod(path, mode))
 842                 warn("chmod %o %s", mode, path);
 843 }
 844
 845 /*
 846  * usage --
 847  *      print a usage message and die
 848  */
 849 void
 850 usage(void)
 851 {
 852         fprintf(stderr, "\
 853 usage: install [-bCcpSsv] [-B suffix] [-f flags] [-g group] [-m mode]\n\
 854                [-o owner] file1 file2\n\
 855        install [-bCcpSsv] [-B suffix] [-f flags] [-g group] [-m mode]\n\
 856                [-o owner] file1 ... fileN directory\n\
 857        install -d [-v] [-g group] [-m mode] [-o owner] directory ...\n");
 858         exit(EX_USAGE);
 859         /* NOTREACHED */
 860 }
 861
 862 /*
 863  * trymmap --
 864  *      return true (1) if mmap should be tried, false (0) if not.
 865  */
 866 int
 867 trymmap(int fd)
 868 {
 869 /*
 870  * The ifdef is for bootstrapping - f_fstypename doesn't exist in
 871  * pre-Lite2-merge systems.
 872  */
 873 #ifdef MFSNAMELEN
 874         struct statfs stfs;
 875
 876         if (nommap || fstatfs(fd, &stfs) != 0)
 877                 return (0);
 878         if (strcmp(stfs.f_fstypename, "ufs") == 0 ||
 879             strcmp(stfs.f_fstypename, "cd9660") == 0)
 880                 return (1);
 881 #endif
 882         return (0);
 883 }