| blob | 8efcf5c55f0bc62bc9e3a438e481f5a31c1e613f |
1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
2 ---------------------------------------------
4 First Edition (V1)
5 |
6 Second Edition (V2)
7 |
8 Third Edition (V3)
9 |
10 Fourth Edition (V4)
11 |
12 Fifth Edition (V5)
13 |
14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
15 \ |
16 \ |
17 \ |
18 Seventh Edition (V7) |
19 \ |
20 \ 1BSD
21 32V |
22 \ 2BSD---------------*
23 \ / |
24 \ / |
25 \/ |
26 3BSD |
27 | |
28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD
29 | |
30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
31 | |
32 4.1aBSD -----------\ |
33 | \ |
34 4.1bBSD \ |
35 | \ |
36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
37 / | |
38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo
39 | | |
40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD
41 | | |
42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
43 | | / |
44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD
45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ |
46 | | \ |
47 | | \ |
48 v | 2.11BSD
49 Tenth Edition | |
50 | 2.11BSD rev #430
51 4.3BSD NET/1 |
52 | v
53 4.3BSD Reno
54 |
55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
56 | | | |
57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA
58 | | | |
59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13]
60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha |
61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34]
62 | | 4.4BSD |
63 | | / | |
64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | |
65 | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0
66 | | | |
67 FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1
68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite |
69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ |
70 | | / / | \ |
71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ |
72 | / | / | \ |
73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ |
74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ |
75 | / | | \ |
76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0
77 | \ | |
78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1
79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 |
80 | | \ | | | | |
81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | |
82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | |
83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | |
84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 |
85 FreeBSD 2.1 | | | |
86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1
87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ |
88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0
89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 |
90 | | | | | \ | |
91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | |
92 | | | | | \ | |
93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | |
94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | |
95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | |
96 | | | | | |
97 | | | | | |
98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | |
99 | \ | | | | |
100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | |
101 | | | | | | |
102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 |
103 | | | | | | |
104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | |
105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 |
106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | |
107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | |
108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1
109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 |
110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | |
111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | |
112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0
113 | v | | | | | |
114 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | |
115 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 |
116 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | |
117 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | |
118 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | |
119 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1
120 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 |
121 | | | | | | | | |
122 | | | | | | | | |
123 | | | | | | | | |
124 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | |
125 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 |
126 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | |
127 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1
128 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | |
129 | | | | | | | | |
130 | | | | | | | | |
131 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 |
132 | | | | | | | | |
133 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | |
134 | | | | | | | |
135 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | |
136 | | | | (?) | | | |
137 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | |
138 | | | | / | | | |
139 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | |
140 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2
141 | | | | | |
142 | | | | | |
143 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | |
144 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | |
145 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 |
146 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | |
147 | | | | | | |
148 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | |
149 | | | Mac OS X | | | |
150 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 |
151 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | |
152 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3
153 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 |
154 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | |
155 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | |
156 | | 10.2 | | |
157 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | |
158 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 |
159 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | |
160 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | |
161 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0
162 | | \ | | | | |
163 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE
164 | | | | | | |
165 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 |
166 | | | | | | |
167 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5
168 | | | | | v |
169 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | |
170 | | | | | |
171 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | |
172 | | | | |
173 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------.
174 | | | | \
175 FreeBSD 5.0 | | | |
176 | | | | |
177 FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0
178 | \ | | | |
179 | ----- Mac OS X | | |
180 | 10.3 | | |
181 FreeBSD 5.2 | | | |
182 | | | | | |
183 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | |
184 | | | | |
185 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | |
186 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 |
187 | | | NetBSD 2.0 | |
188 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0
189 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | |
190 | | 10.4 | | | | |
191 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | |
192 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 |
193 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | |
194 | | | | | | | |
195 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 |
196 | 6.0 | | | | | |
197 | | | | | \ | |
198 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | |
199 | | | | | | |
200 | | | | NetBSD 3.0 | |
201 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0
202 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 |
203 | FreeBSD | | | | | | |
204 | 6.1 | | | | | | |
205 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | |
206 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0
207 | | | | | | | |
208 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 |
209 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | |
210 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | |
211 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | |
212 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0
213 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 |
214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0
215 | | Mac OS X | | |
216 | | 10.5 | | |
217 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 |
218 | | | NetBSD 4.0 | |
219 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | |
220 | | | | |
221 *--FreeBSD | | | DragonFly 1.12.0
222 | 7.0 | | | |
223 | | | | | |
224 | V | | | |
225 | | | | |
226 FreeBSD 8 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current |
227 | | | | |
228 v v v v v
230 Time
231 ----------------
233 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
234 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
236 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
237 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
238 the 4.4BSD Operating System.
239 [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/]
240 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
241 [DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The.
242 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
243 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
244 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
245 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
246 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
247 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
248 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
249 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
250 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
251 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
252 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
253 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
254 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
255 [USE] Usenet announcement.
256 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
257 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
259 Multics 1965
260 UNIX Summer 1969
261 DEC PDP-7
262 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU]
263 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
264 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU]
265 10 UNIX installations
266 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU]
267 Pipes, 16 installations
268 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU]
269 rewriting in C effected,
270 above 30 installations
271 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU]
272 above 50 installations
273 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU]
274 port to DEC Vax
275 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU]
276 first portable UNIX
277 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU]
278 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
279 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
280 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
281 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
282 and networking part by the streams mechanism
284 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU]
285 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU]
287 1BSD late 1977
288 1978-03-09 [QCU]
289 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
290 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
291 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
292 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU]
293 75 2BSD tapes shipped
294 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS]
295 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ]
297 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU]
298 set of performance improvements
299 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ]
300 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx
301 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS]
302 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK]
303 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS]
304 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS]
305 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS]
307 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU]
308 3BSD late 1979 [QCU]
309 virtual memory, page replacement,
310 demand paging
311 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx
312 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC]
313 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx
314 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
315 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
316 4.1cBSD late 1982
317 beta release, IPC [44B]
318 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU]
319 1983-08-03 [DOC]
320 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU]
321 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
322 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
323 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU]
324 1989-01-01 [DOC]
325 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
326 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
328 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI]
329 first code released to people outside BSDI
330 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC]
331 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
332 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
333 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC]
334 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07
335 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI]
336 first external gamma; G customers
337 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI]
338 would have been 1.0 except for request
339 for preliminary injunction
340 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI]
341 injunction denied; first official release
342 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD]
343 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE]
344 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD]
345 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD]
346 FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD]
347 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release.
348 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI]
349 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE]
350 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD]
351 FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD]
352 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD]
353 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release.
354 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD]
355 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE]
356 FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD]
357 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
358 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD]
359 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI]
360 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B]
361 the true final distribution from the CSRG
362 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD]
363 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD]
364 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI]
365 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD]
366 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD]
367 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD]
368 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD]
369 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
370 Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx
371 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD]
372 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
373 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD]
374 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD]
375 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD]
376 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
377 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD]
378 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD]
379 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD]
380 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD]
381 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD]
382 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
383 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI]
384 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD]
385 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
386 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD]
387 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI]
388 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
389 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD]
390 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
391 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
392 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
393 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD]
394 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD]
395 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
396 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD]
397 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI]
398 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD]
399 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD]
400 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD]
401 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
402 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD]
403 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD]
404 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD]
405 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI]
406 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD]
407 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
408 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD]
409 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD]
410 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD]
411 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD]
412 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
413 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD]
414 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
415 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI]
416 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD]
417 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD]
418 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL]
419 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD]
420 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD]
421 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
422 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
423 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD]
424 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL]
425 OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD]
426 FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD]
427 BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS]
428 OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD]
429 FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD]
430 NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
431 FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
432 Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL]
433 NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD]
434 FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD]
435 OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD]
436 FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD]
437 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of
438 -current, similar to 3.0.
439 FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD]
440 NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release)
441 OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD]
442 BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS]
443 FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD]
444 Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL]
445 FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD]
446 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version)
447 OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD]
448 FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD]
449 FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release)
450 NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release)
451 OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD]
452 FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD]
453 DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB]
454 OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD]
455 FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD]
456 NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD]
457 FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD]
458 DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB]
459 NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release)
460 Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL]
461 FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD]
462 OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD]
463 NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release)
464 OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD]
465 FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD]
466 NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD]
467 NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD]
468 DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB]
469 OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD]
470 FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD]
471 FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD]
472 NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release)
473 DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB]
474 OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD]
475 NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release)
476 NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD]
477 FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD]
478 DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB]
479 OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD]
480 DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB]
481 Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL]
482 OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD]
483 NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD]
484 FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD]
485 DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB]
486 FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD]
488 Bibliography
489 ------------------------
491 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
492 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
493 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
495 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
496 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
498 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
499 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
500 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
502 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and
503 Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.
504 Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2
506 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
508 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
509 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
510 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
512 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
513 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm
515 Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
516 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
518 BSD Release Announcements collection.
519 URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/
521 BSD Hypertext Man Pages
522 URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
524 UNIX history graphing project
525 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
527 UNIX history
528 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
530 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
531 URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
532 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
535 Acknowledgments
536 ---------------
538 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
539 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
541 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
543 --
544 Copyright (c) 1997-2007 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
545 URL: http://cvsweb.freebsd.org/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
547 $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.119 2008/02/28 06:54:24 maxim Exp $
548 $DragonFly: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.16 2008/02/28 10:51:38 swildner Exp $