2 * linux/drivers/block/ide-dma.c Version 4.09 April 23, 1999
4 * Copyright (c) 1999 Andre Hedrick
5 * May be copied or modified under the terms of the GNU General Public License
9 * Special Thanks to Mark for his Six years of work.
11 * Copyright (c) 1995-1998 Mark Lord
12 * May be copied or modified under the terms of the GNU General Public License
16 * This module provides support for the bus-master IDE DMA functions
17 * of various PCI chipsets, including the Intel PIIX (i82371FB for
18 * the 430 FX chipset), the PIIX3 (i82371SB for the 430 HX/VX and
19 * 440 chipsets), and the PIIX4 (i82371AB for the 430 TX chipset)
20 * ("PIIX" stands for "PCI ISA IDE Xcellerator").
22 * Pretty much the same code works for other IDE PCI bus-mastering chipsets.
24 * DMA is supported for all IDE devices (disk drives, cdroms, tapes, floppies).
26 * By default, DMA support is prepared for use, but is currently enabled only
27 * for drives which already have DMA enabled (UltraDMA or mode 2 multi/single),
28 * or which are recognized as "good" (see table below). Drives with only mode0
29 * or mode1 (multi/single) DMA should also work with this chipset/driver
30 * (eg. MC2112A) but are not enabled by default.
32 * Use "hdparm -i" to view modes supported by a given drive.
34 * The hdparm-3.5 (or later) utility can be used for manually enabling/disabling
35 * DMA support, but must be (re-)compiled against this kernel version or later.
37 * To enable DMA, use "hdparm -d1 /dev/hd?" on a per-drive basis after booting.
38 * If problems arise, ide.c will disable DMA operation after a few retries.
39 * This error recovery mechanism works and has been extremely well exercised.
41 * IDE drives, depending on their vintage, may support several different modes
42 * of DMA operation. The boot-time modes are indicated with a "*" in
43 * the "hdparm -i" listing, and can be changed with *knowledgeable* use of
44 * the "hdparm -X" feature. There is seldom a need to do this, as drives
45 * normally power-up with their "best" PIO/DMA modes enabled.
47 * Testing has been done with a rather extensive number of drives,
48 * with Quantum & Western Digital models generally outperforming the pack,
49 * and Fujitsu & Conner (and some Seagate which are really Conner) drives
50 * showing more lackluster throughput.
52 * Keep an eye on /var/adm/messages for "DMA disabled" messages.
54 * Some people have reported trouble with Intel Zappa motherboards.
55 * This can be fixed by upgrading the AMI BIOS to version 1.00.04.BS0,
56 * available from ftp://ftp.intel.com/pub/bios/10004bs0.exe
57 * (thanks to Glen Morrell <glen@spin.Stanford.edu> for researching this).
59 * Thanks to "Christopher J. Reimer" <reimer@doe.carleton.ca> for
60 * fixing the problem with the BIOS on some Acer motherboards.
62 * Thanks to "Benoit Poulot-Cazajous" <poulot@chorus.fr> for testing
63 * "TX" chipset compatibility and for providing patches for the "TX" chipset.
65 * Thanks to Christian Brunner <chb@muc.de> for taking a good first crack
66 * at generic DMA -- his patches were referred to when preparing this code.
68 * Most importantly, thanks to Robert Bringman <rob@mars.trion.com>
69 * for supplying a Promise UDMA board & WD UDMA drive for this work!
71 * And, yes, Intel Zappa boards really *do* use both PIIX IDE ports.
73 * ACARD ATP850UF Chipset "Modified SCSI Class" with other names
75 * SIIG's UltraIDE Pro CN-2449
76 * TTI HPT343 Chipset "Modified SCSI Class" but reports as an
77 * unknown storage device.
78 * NEW check_drive_lists(ide_drive_t *drive, int good_bad)
81 #include <linux/config.h>
82 #include <linux/types.h>
83 #include <linux/kernel.h>
84 #include <linux/timer.h>
86 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
87 #include <linux/pci.h>
88 #include <linux/init.h>
89 #include <linux/ide.h>
94 extern char *ide_dmafunc_verbose(ide_dma_action_t dmafunc
);
96 #ifdef CONFIG_IDEDMA_NEW_DRIVE_LISTINGS
98 struct drive_list_entry
{
103 struct drive_list_entry drive_whitelist
[] = {
105 { "Micropolis 2112A" , "ALL" },
106 { "CONNER CTMA 4000" , "ALL" },
107 { "CONNER CTT8000-A" , "ALL" },
108 { "ST34342A" , "ALL" },
112 struct drive_list_entry drive_blacklist
[] = {
114 { "WDC AC11000H" , "ALL" },
115 { "WDC AC22100H" , "ALL" },
116 { "WDC AC32500H" , "ALL" },
117 { "WDC AC33100H" , "ALL" },
118 { "WDC AC31600H" , "ALL" },
119 { "WDC AC32100H" , "24.09P07" },
120 { "WDC AC23200L" , "21.10N21" },
125 int in_drive_list(struct hd_driveid
*id
, struct drive_list_entry
* drive_table
)
127 for ( ; drive_table
->id_model
; drive_table
++)
128 if ((!strcmp(drive_table
->id_model
, id
->model
)) &&
129 ((!strstr(drive_table
->id_firmware
, id
->fw_rev
)) ||
130 (!strcmp(drive_table
->id_firmware
, "ALL"))))
135 #else /* !CONFIG_IDEDMA_NEW_DRIVE_LISTINGS */
138 * good_dma_drives() lists the model names (from "hdparm -i")
139 * of drives which do not support mode2 DMA but which are
140 * known to work fine with this interface under Linux.
142 const char *good_dma_drives
[] = {"Micropolis 2112A",
145 "ST34342A", /* for Sun Ultra */
149 * bad_dma_drives() lists the model names (from "hdparm -i")
150 * of drives which supposedly support (U)DMA but which are
151 * known to corrupt data with this interface under Linux.
153 * This is an empirical list. Its generated from bug reports. That means
154 * while it reflects actual problem distributions it doesn't answer whether
155 * the drive or the controller, or cabling, or software, or some combination
156 * thereof is the fault. If you don't happen to agree with the kernel's
157 * opinion of your drive - use hdparm to turn DMA on.
159 const char *bad_dma_drives
[] = {"WDC AC11000H",
167 #endif /* CONFIG_IDEDMA_NEW_DRIVE_LISTINGS */
170 * Our Physical Region Descriptor (PRD) table should be large enough
171 * to handle the biggest I/O request we are likely to see. Since requests
172 * can have no more than 256 sectors, and since the typical blocksize is
173 * two or more sectors, we could get by with a limit of 128 entries here for
174 * the usual worst case. Most requests seem to include some contiguous blocks,
175 * further reducing the number of table entries required.
177 * The driver reverts to PIO mode for individual requests that exceed
178 * this limit (possible with 512 byte blocksizes, eg. MSDOS f/s), so handling
179 * 100% of all crazy scenarios here is not necessary.
181 * As it turns out though, we must allocate a full 4KB page for this,
182 * so the two PRD tables (ide0 & ide1) will each get half of that,
183 * allowing each to have about 256 entries (8 bytes each) from this.
186 #define PRD_ENTRIES (PAGE_SIZE / (2 * PRD_BYTES))
189 * dma_intr() is the handler for disk read/write DMA interrupts
191 ide_startstop_t
ide_dma_intr (ide_drive_t
*drive
)
196 dma_stat
= HWIF(drive
)->dmaproc(ide_dma_end
, drive
);
197 stat
= GET_STAT(); /* get drive status */
198 if (OK_STAT(stat
,DRIVE_READY
,drive
->bad_wstat
|DRQ_STAT
)) {
200 struct request
*rq
= HWGROUP(drive
)->rq
;
201 rq
= HWGROUP(drive
)->rq
;
202 for (i
= rq
->nr_sectors
; i
> 0;) {
203 i
-= rq
->current_nr_sectors
;
204 ide_end_request(1, HWGROUP(drive
));
208 printk("%s: dma_intr: bad DMA status\n", drive
->name
);
210 return ide_error(drive
, "dma_intr", stat
);
213 static int ide_build_sglist (ide_hwif_t
*hwif
, struct request
*rq
)
215 struct buffer_head
*bh
;
216 struct scatterlist
*sg
= hwif
->sg_table
;
220 hwif
->sg_dma_direction
= PCI_DMA_FROMDEVICE
;
222 hwif
->sg_dma_direction
= PCI_DMA_TODEVICE
;
225 unsigned char *virt_addr
= bh
->b_data
;
226 unsigned int size
= bh
->b_size
;
228 while ((bh
= bh
->b_reqnext
) != NULL
) {
229 if ((virt_addr
+ size
) != (unsigned char *) bh
->b_data
)
233 memset(&sg
[nents
], 0, sizeof(*sg
));
234 sg
[nents
].address
= virt_addr
;
235 sg
[nents
].length
= size
;
237 } while (bh
!= NULL
);
239 return pci_map_sg(hwif
->pci_dev
, sg
, nents
, hwif
->sg_dma_direction
);
243 * ide_build_dmatable() prepares a dma request.
244 * Returns 0 if all went okay, returns 1 otherwise.
245 * May also be invoked from trm290.c
247 int ide_build_dmatable (ide_drive_t
*drive
, ide_dma_action_t func
)
249 unsigned int *table
= HWIF(drive
)->dmatable_cpu
;
250 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_TRM290
251 unsigned int is_trm290_chipset
= (HWIF(drive
)->chipset
== ide_trm290
);
253 const int is_trm290_chipset
= 0;
255 unsigned int count
= 0;
257 struct scatterlist
*sg
;
259 HWIF(drive
)->sg_nents
= i
= ide_build_sglist(HWIF(drive
), HWGROUP(drive
)->rq
);
261 sg
= HWIF(drive
)->sg_table
;
262 while (i
&& sg_dma_len(sg
)) {
266 cur_addr
= sg_dma_address(sg
);
267 cur_len
= sg_dma_len(sg
);
270 if (++count
>= PRD_ENTRIES
) {
271 printk("%s: DMA table too small\n", drive
->name
);
272 pci_unmap_sg(HWIF(drive
)->pci_dev
,
273 HWIF(drive
)->sg_table
,
274 HWIF(drive
)->sg_nents
,
275 HWIF(drive
)->sg_dma_direction
);
276 return 0; /* revert to PIO for this request */
278 u32 xcount
, bcount
= 0x10000 - (cur_addr
& 0xffff);
280 if (bcount
> cur_len
)
282 *table
++ = cpu_to_le32(cur_addr
);
283 xcount
= bcount
& 0xffff;
284 if (is_trm290_chipset
)
285 xcount
= ((xcount
>> 2) - 1) << 16;
286 *table
++ = cpu_to_le32(xcount
);
297 printk("%s: empty DMA table?\n", drive
->name
);
298 else if (!is_trm290_chipset
)
299 *--table
|= cpu_to_le32(0x80000000);
304 /* Teardown mappings after DMA has completed. */
305 void ide_destroy_dmatable (ide_drive_t
*drive
)
307 struct pci_dev
*dev
= HWIF(drive
)->pci_dev
;
308 struct scatterlist
*sg
= HWIF(drive
)->sg_table
;
309 int nents
= HWIF(drive
)->sg_nents
;
311 pci_unmap_sg(dev
, sg
, nents
, HWIF(drive
)->sg_dma_direction
);
315 * For both Blacklisted and Whitelisted drives.
316 * This is setup to be called as an extern for future support
317 * to other special driver code.
319 int check_drive_lists (ide_drive_t
*drive
, int good_bad
)
321 struct hd_driveid
*id
= drive
->id
;
323 #ifdef CONFIG_IDEDMA_NEW_DRIVE_LISTINGS
325 return in_drive_list(id
, drive_whitelist
);
327 int blacklist
= in_drive_list(id
, drive_blacklist
);
329 printk("%s: Disabling (U)DMA for %s\n", drive
->name
, id
->model
);
332 #else /* !CONFIG_IDEDMA_NEW_DRIVE_LISTINGS */
336 /* Consult the list of known "good" drives */
337 list
= good_dma_drives
;
339 if (!strcmp(*list
++,id
->model
))
343 /* Consult the list of known "bad" drives */
344 list
= bad_dma_drives
;
346 if (!strcmp(*list
++,id
->model
)) {
347 printk("%s: Disabling (U)DMA for %s\n",
348 drive
->name
, id
->model
);
353 #endif /* CONFIG_IDEDMA_NEW_DRIVE_LISTINGS */
357 static int config_drive_for_dma (ide_drive_t
*drive
)
359 struct hd_driveid
*id
= drive
->id
;
360 ide_hwif_t
*hwif
= HWIF(drive
);
362 if (id
&& (id
->capability
& 1) && hwif
->autodma
) {
363 /* Consult the list of known "bad" drives */
364 if (ide_dmaproc(ide_dma_bad_drive
, drive
))
365 return hwif
->dmaproc(ide_dma_off
, drive
);
367 /* Enable DMA on any drive that has UltraDMA (mode 3/4) enabled */
368 if ((id
->field_valid
& 4) && (hwif
->udma_four
) && (id
->hw_config
& 0x2000))
369 if ((id
->dma_ultra
& (id
->dma_ultra
>> 11) & 3))
370 return hwif
->dmaproc(ide_dma_on
, drive
);
371 /* Enable DMA on any drive that has UltraDMA (mode 0/1/2) enabled */
372 if (id
->field_valid
& 4) /* UltraDMA */
373 if ((id
->dma_ultra
& (id
->dma_ultra
>> 8) & 7))
374 return hwif
->dmaproc(ide_dma_on
, drive
);
375 /* Enable DMA on any drive that has mode2 DMA (multi or single) enabled */
376 if (id
->field_valid
& 2) /* regular DMA */
377 if ((id
->dma_mword
& 0x404) == 0x404 || (id
->dma_1word
& 0x404) == 0x404)
378 return hwif
->dmaproc(ide_dma_on
, drive
);
379 /* Consult the list of known "good" drives */
380 if (ide_dmaproc(ide_dma_good_drive
, drive
))
381 return hwif
->dmaproc(ide_dma_on
, drive
);
383 return hwif
->dmaproc(ide_dma_off_quietly
, drive
);
387 * ide_dmaproc() initiates/aborts DMA read/write operations on a drive.
389 * The caller is assumed to have selected the drive and programmed the drive's
390 * sector address using CHS or LBA. All that remains is to prepare for DMA
391 * and then issue the actual read/write DMA/PIO command to the drive.
393 * For ATAPI devices, we just prepare for DMA and return. The caller should
394 * then issue the packet command to the drive and call us again with
395 * ide_dma_begin afterwards.
397 * Returns 0 if all went well.
398 * Returns 1 if DMA read/write could not be started, in which case
399 * the caller should revert to PIO for the current request.
400 * May also be invoked from trm290.c
402 int ide_dmaproc (ide_dma_action_t func
, ide_drive_t
*drive
)
404 ide_hwif_t
*hwif
= HWIF(drive
);
405 unsigned long dma_base
= hwif
->dma_base
;
406 byte unit
= (drive
->select
.b
.unit
& 0x01);
407 unsigned int count
, reading
= 0;
412 printk("%s: DMA disabled\n", drive
->name
);
413 case ide_dma_off_quietly
:
414 outb(inb(dma_base
+2) & ~(1<<(5+unit
)), dma_base
+2);
416 drive
->using_dma
= (func
== ide_dma_on
);
417 if (drive
->using_dma
)
418 outb(inb(dma_base
+2)|(1<<(5+unit
)), dma_base
+2);
421 return config_drive_for_dma (drive
);
425 if (!(count
= ide_build_dmatable(drive
, func
)))
426 return 1; /* try PIO instead of DMA */
427 outl(hwif
->dmatable_dma
, dma_base
+ 4); /* PRD table */
428 outb(reading
, dma_base
); /* specify r/w */
429 outb(inb(dma_base
+2)|6, dma_base
+2); /* clear INTR & ERROR flags */
430 drive
->waiting_for_dma
= 1;
431 if (drive
->media
!= ide_disk
)
433 ide_set_handler(drive
, &ide_dma_intr
, WAIT_CMD
, NULL
); /* issue cmd to drive */
434 OUT_BYTE(reading
? WIN_READDMA
: WIN_WRITEDMA
, IDE_COMMAND_REG
);
436 /* Note that this is done *after* the cmd has
437 * been issued to the drive, as per the BM-IDE spec.
438 * The Promise Ultra33 doesn't work correctly when
439 * we do this part before issuing the drive cmd.
441 outb(inb(dma_base
)|1, dma_base
); /* start DMA */
443 case ide_dma_end
: /* returns 1 on error, 0 otherwise */
444 drive
->waiting_for_dma
= 0;
445 outb(inb(dma_base
)&~1, dma_base
); /* stop DMA */
446 dma_stat
= inb(dma_base
+2); /* get DMA status */
447 outb(dma_stat
|6, dma_base
+2); /* clear the INTR & ERROR bits */
448 ide_destroy_dmatable(drive
); /* purge DMA mappings */
449 return (dma_stat
& 7) != 4; /* verify good DMA status */
450 case ide_dma_test_irq
: /* returns 1 if dma irq issued, 0 otherwise */
451 dma_stat
= inb(dma_base
+2);
452 return (dma_stat
& 4) == 4; /* return 1 if INTR asserted */
453 case ide_dma_bad_drive
:
454 case ide_dma_good_drive
:
455 return check_drive_lists(drive
, (func
== ide_dma_good_drive
));
456 case ide_dma_lostirq
:
457 case ide_dma_timeout
:
458 printk("ide_dmaproc: chipset supported %s func only: %d\n", ide_dmafunc_verbose(func
), func
);
461 printk("ide_dmaproc: unsupported %s func: %d\n", ide_dmafunc_verbose(func
), func
);
467 * Needed for allowing full modular support of ide-driver
469 int ide_release_dma (ide_hwif_t
*hwif
)
471 if (hwif
->dmatable_cpu
) {
472 pci_free_consistent(hwif
->pci_dev
,
473 PRD_ENTRIES
* PRD_BYTES
,
476 hwif
->dmatable_cpu
= NULL
;
478 if (hwif
->sg_table
) {
479 kfree(hwif
->sg_table
);
480 hwif
->sg_table
= NULL
;
482 if ((hwif
->dma_extra
) && (hwif
->channel
== 0))
483 release_region((hwif
->dma_base
+ 16), hwif
->dma_extra
);
484 release_region(hwif
->dma_base
, 8);
489 * This can be called for a dynamically installed interface. Don't __init it
492 void ide_setup_dma (ide_hwif_t
*hwif
, unsigned long dma_base
, unsigned int num_ports
)
494 printk(" %s: BM-DMA at 0x%04lx-0x%04lx", hwif
->name
, dma_base
, dma_base
+ num_ports
- 1);
495 if (check_region(dma_base
, num_ports
)) {
496 printk(" -- ERROR, PORT ADDRESSES ALREADY IN USE\n");
499 request_region(dma_base
, num_ports
, hwif
->name
);
500 hwif
->dma_base
= dma_base
;
501 hwif
->dmatable_cpu
= pci_alloc_consistent(hwif
->pci_dev
,
502 PRD_ENTRIES
* PRD_BYTES
,
503 &hwif
->dmatable_dma
);
504 if (hwif
->dmatable_cpu
== NULL
)
505 goto dma_alloc_failure
;
507 hwif
->sg_table
= kmalloc(sizeof(struct scatterlist
) * PRD_ENTRIES
,
509 if (hwif
->sg_table
== NULL
) {
510 pci_free_consistent(hwif
->pci_dev
, PRD_ENTRIES
* PRD_BYTES
,
511 hwif
->dmatable_cpu
, hwif
->dmatable_dma
);
512 goto dma_alloc_failure
;
515 hwif
->dmaproc
= &ide_dmaproc
;
517 if (hwif
->chipset
!= ide_trm290
) {
518 byte dma_stat
= inb(dma_base
+2);
519 printk(", BIOS settings: %s:%s, %s:%s",
520 hwif
->drives
[0].name
, (dma_stat
& 0x20) ? "DMA" : "pio",
521 hwif
->drives
[1].name
, (dma_stat
& 0x40) ? "DMA" : "pio");
527 printk(" -- ERROR, UNABLE TO ALLOCATE DMA TABLES\n");
531 * Fetch the DMA Bus-Master-I/O-Base-Address (BMIBA) from PCI space:
533 unsigned long __init
ide_get_or_set_dma_base (ide_hwif_t
*hwif
, int extra
, const char *name
)
535 unsigned long dma_base
= 0;
536 struct pci_dev
*dev
= hwif
->pci_dev
;
538 if (hwif
->mate
&& hwif
->mate
->dma_base
) {
539 dma_base
= hwif
->mate
->dma_base
- (hwif
->channel
? 0 : 8);
541 dma_base
= dev
->resource
[4].start
;
542 if (!dma_base
|| dma_base
== PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_IO_MASK
) {
543 printk("%s: dma_base is invalid (0x%04lx)\n", name
, dma_base
);
548 if (extra
) /* PDC20246, PDC20262, HPT343, & HPT366 */
549 request_region(dma_base
+16, extra
, name
);
550 dma_base
+= hwif
->channel
? 8 : 0;
551 hwif
->dma_extra
= extra
;
553 switch(dev
->device
) {
554 case PCI_DEVICE_ID_AL_M5219
:
555 case PCI_DEVICE_ID_AMD_VIPER_7409
:
556 case PCI_DEVICE_ID_CMD_643
:
557 outb(inb(dma_base
+2) & 0x60, dma_base
+2);
558 if (inb(dma_base
+2) & 0x80) {
559 printk("%s: simplex device: DMA forced\n", name
);
564 * If the device claims "simplex" DMA,
565 * this means only one of the two interfaces
566 * can be trusted with DMA at any point in time.
567 * So we should enable DMA only on one of the
570 if ((inb(dma_base
+2) & 0x80)) { /* simplex device? */
571 if ((!hwif
->drives
[0].present
&& !hwif
->drives
[1].present
) ||
572 (hwif
->mate
&& hwif
->mate
->dma_base
)) {
573 printk("%s: simplex device: DMA disabled\n", name
);