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1 LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES
2 Maintained by H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
4 Last revised: March 23, 2000
6 This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
7 device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
8 system.
10 The latest version of this list is included with the Linux kernel
11 sources. It is also available separately from
12 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/ or
13 ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/. The LaTeX version
14 of this document is no longer maintained.
16 This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy
17 Standard (FHS). The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.
19 Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
20 platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
21 the Atari platform only.
23 The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for
24 removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released.
26 This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however,
27 that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
28 permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
29 an unreasonable effort.
31 In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
32 least not without contacting me first.
34 I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
35 on this list. Any such information requests will be deleted without
36 reply.
39 **** PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE SUBMITTING A DEVICE ENTRY ****
41 To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
42 where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
43 appropriate device information. Also, if you have additional
44 information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
45 made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.
47 I do, however, make two requests about the nature of your report.
48 This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and
49 correct in a timely manner. First of all, *please* include the word
50 "device" in the subject so your mail won't accidentally get buried! I
51 receive hundreds of email messages a day, so mail sent with other
52 subjects may very well get lost in the avalanche.
54 Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format
55 as this list*. The reason for this is that it is the only way I have
56 found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your
57 device and avoid conflicts.
59 Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police." Please don't be
60 offended. I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound
61 to cause conflicts down the road. I am trying to avoid getting in a
62 situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward
63 change.
66 Your cooperation is appreciated.
69 0 Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
70 0 = reserved as null device number
72 1 char Memory devices
73 1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access
74 2 = /dev/kmem Kernel virtual memory access
75 3 = /dev/null Null device
76 4 = /dev/port I/O port access
77 5 = /dev/zero Null byte source
78 6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
79 7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write
80 8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.
81 9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
82 block RAM disk
83 0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk
84 ...
85 7 = /dev/ram7 Eighth RAM disk
86 250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk
88 Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
89 /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
90 by the boot loader.
92 2 char Pseudo-TTY masters
93 0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master
94 1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master
95 ...
96 255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master
98 Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
99 * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
100 * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
101 the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
102 * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
103 the position within the series.
105 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
106 devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
107 master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
108 demand.
110 block Floppy disks
111 0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
112 1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
113 2 = /dev/fd2 Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
114 3 = /dev/fd3 Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
115 128 = /dev/fd4 Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
116 129 = /dev/fd5 Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
117 130 = /dev/fd6 Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
118 131 = /dev/fd7 Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
120 To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
121 0 = /dev/fd? Autodetect format
122 4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1)
123 20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1)
124 48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive
125 64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive
126 24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive
127 80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1)
128 8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
129 40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
130 56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
131 72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
132 92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
134 12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density(2)
135 16 = /dev/fd?u720 3.5" 720K Double Density(1)
136 120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(2)
137 52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density
138 68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density
139 84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1)
140 88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1)
141 28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1)
142 124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1)
143 44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3)
144 60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density
145 76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5" 1743K High Density
146 96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5" 1760K High Density
147 116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5" 1840K High Density(3)
148 100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5" 1920K High Density(1)
149 32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5" 2880K Extra Density(1)
150 104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5" 3200K Extra Density
151 108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5" 3520K Extra Density
152 112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5" 3840K Extra Density(1)
154 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
156 (1) Autodetectable format
157 (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
158 (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
160 NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
161 signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
162 5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
163 (any model, u). The use of the capital letters D, H
164 and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
165 the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
167 3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves
168 0 = /dev/ttyp0 First PTY slave
169 1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave
170 ...
171 255 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave
173 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
174 devices are on major 136 and above.
176 block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
177 0 = /dev/hda Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
178 64 = /dev/hdb Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
180 For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
181 0 = /dev/hd? Whole disk
182 1 = /dev/hd?1 First partition
183 2 = /dev/hd?2 Second partition
184 ...
185 63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition
187 For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
188 partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
189 Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
190 appropriate to their respective architectures.
192 4 char TTY devices
193 0 = /dev/tty0 Current virtual console
195 1 = /dev/tty1 First virtual console
196 ...
197 63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console
198 64 = /dev/ttyS0 First UART serial port
199 ...
200 255 = /dev/ttyS191 192nd UART serial port
202 Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
203 number for BSD PTY devices. As of Linux 2.1.115, this
204 is no longer supported. Use major numbers 2 and 3.
206 5 char Alternate TTY devices
207 0 = /dev/tty Current TTY device
208 1 = /dev/console System console
209 2 = /dev/ptmx PTY master multiplex
210 64 = /dev/cua0 Callout device for ttyS0
211 ...
212 255 = /dev/cua191 Callout device for ttyS191
214 (5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71. See
215 the section on terminal devices for more information
216 on /dev/console.
218 6 char Parallel printer devices
219 0 = /dev/lp0 Parallel printer on parport0
220 1 = /dev/lp1 Parallel printer on parport1
221 ...
223 Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
224 between parallel ports and I/O addresses. Instead,
225 they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
227 7 char Virtual console capture devices
228 0 = /dev/vcs Current vc text contents
229 1 = /dev/vcs1 tty1 text contents
230 ...
231 63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text contents
232 128 = /dev/vcsa Current vc text/attribute contents
233 129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents
234 ...
235 191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents
237 NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
239 block Loopback devices
240 0 = /dev/loop0 First loopback device
241 1 = /dev/loop1 Second loopback device
242 ...
244 The loopback devices are used to mount filesystems not
245 associated with block devices. The binding to the
246 loopback devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
248 8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15)
249 0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk
250 16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk
251 32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk
252 ...
253 240 = /dev/sdp Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
255 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
256 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
257 partitions is 15.
259 9 char SCSI tape devices
260 0 = /dev/st0 First SCSI tape, mode 0
261 1 = /dev/st1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0
262 ...
263 32 = /dev/st0l First SCSI tape, mode 1
264 33 = /dev/st1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1
265 ...
266 64 = /dev/st0m First SCSI tape, mode 2
267 65 = /dev/st1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2
268 ...
269 96 = /dev/st0a First SCSI tape, mode 3
270 97 = /dev/st1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3
271 ...
272 128 = /dev/nst0 First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
273 129 = /dev/nst1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
274 ...
275 160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
276 161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
277 ...
278 192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
279 193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
280 ...
281 224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
282 225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
283 ...
285 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
286 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
287 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
288 the device used to access it.
290 block Metadisk (RAID) devices
291 0 = /dev/md0 First metadisk group
292 1 = /dev/md1 Second metadisk group
293 ...
295 The metadisk driver is used to span a
296 filesystem across multiple physical disks.
298 10 char Non-serial mice, misc features
299 0 = /dev/logibm Logitech bus mouse
300 1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port
301 2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse
302 3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse
303 4 = /dev/jbm J-mouse
304 4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
305 5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse
306 6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse
307 7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse
308 8 = /dev/smouse Simple serial mouse driver
309 9 = /dev/pc110pad IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
310 10 = /dev/adbmouse Apple Desktop Bus mouse
311 11 = /dev/vrtpanel Vr41xx embedded touch panel
312 13 = /dev/vpcmouse Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
313 128 = /dev/beep Fancy beep device
314 129 = /dev/modreq Kernel module load request {2.6}
315 130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port
316 131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature
317 132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap
318 133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap
319 134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS
320 135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock
321 139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM
322 140 = /dev/relay8 Berkshire Products Octal relay card
323 141 = /dev/relay16 Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
324 142 = /dev/msr x86 model-specific registers
325 143 = /dev/pciconf PCI configuration space
326 144 = /dev/nvram Non-volatile configuration RAM
327 145 = /dev/hfmodem Soundcard shortwave modem control {2.6}
328 146 = /dev/graphics Linux/SGI graphics device
329 147 = /dev/opengl Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
330 148 = /dev/gfx Linux/SGI graphics effects device
331 149 = /dev/input/mouse Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
332 150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
333 151 = /dev/led Front panel LEDs
334 153 = /dev/mergemem Memory merge device
335 154 = /dev/pmu Macintosh PowerBook power manager
336 155 = /dev/isictl MultiTech ISICom serial control
337 156 = /dev/lcd Front panel LCD display
338 157 = /dev/ac Applicom Intl Profibus card
339 158 = /dev/nwbutton Netwinder external button
340 159 = /dev/nwdebug Netwinder debug interface
341 160 = /dev/nwflash Netwinder flash memory
342 161 = /dev/userdma User-space DMA access
343 162 = /dev/smbus System Management Bus
344 163 = /dev/lik Logitech Internet Keyboard
345 164 = /dev/ipmo Intel Intelligent Platform Management
346 165 = /dev/vmmon VMWare virtual machine monitor
347 166 = /dev/i2o/ctl I2O configuration manager
348 167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
349 168 = /dev/tcldrv Technology Concepts serial control
350 169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
351 170 = /dev/smapi IBM Thinkpad SMAPI
352 171 = /dev/srripc QNX4 API IPC manager
353 172 = /dev/usemaclone Semaphore clone device
354 173 = /dev/ipmikcs Intelligent Platform Management
355 174 = /dev/uctrl SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
356 175 = /dev/agpgart AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
357 176 = /dev/gtrsc Gorgy Timing radio clock
358 177 = /dev/cbm Serial CBM bus
359 178 = /dev/jsflash JavaStation OS flash SIMM
360 179 = /dev/xsvc High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
361 180 = /dev/vrbuttons Vr41xx button input device
362 181 = /dev/toshiba Toshiba laptop SMM support
363 182 = /dev/perfctr Performance-monitoring counters
364 183 = /dev/intel_rng Intel i8x0 random number generator
365 184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
366 240-255 Reserved for local use
368 11 char Raw keyboard device
369 0 = /dev/kbd Raw keyboard device
371 The raw keyboard device is used on Linux/SPARC only.
373 block SCSI CD-ROM devices
374 0 = /dev/sr0 First SCSI CD-ROM
375 1 = /dev/sr1 Second SCSI CD-ROM
376 ...
378 The prefix /dev/scd instead of /dev/sr has been used
379 as well, and might make more sense.
381 12 char QIC-02 tape
382 2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
383 3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close
384 4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
385 5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close
386 6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
387 7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close
388 8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
389 9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close
391 The device names specified are proposed -- if there
392 are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
394 block MSCDEX CD-ROM callback support {2.6}
395 0 = /dev/dos_cd0 First MSCDEX CD-ROM
396 1 = /dev/dos_cd1 Second MSCDEX CD-ROM
397 ...
399 13 char PC speaker (OBSOLETE)
400 0 = /dev/pcmixer Emulates /dev/mixer
401 1 = /dev/pcsp Emulates /dev/dsp (8-bit)
402 4 = /dev/pcaudio Emulates /dev/audio
403 5 = /dev/pcsp16 Emulates /dev/dsp (16-bit)
405 The current PC speaker driver uses the Open Sound
406 System interface, and these devices are obsolete.
408 block 8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
409 0 = /dev/xda First XT disk whole disk
410 64 = /dev/xdb Second XT disk whole disk
412 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
413 (see major number 3).
415 14 char Open Sound System (OSS)
416 0 = /dev/mixer Mixer control
417 1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer
418 2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port
419 3 = /dev/dsp Digital audio
420 4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio
421 6 = /dev/sndstat Sound card status information {2.6}
422 7 = /dev/audioctl SPARC audio control device
423 8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device
424 16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control
425 17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager
426 18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port
427 19 = /dev/dsp1 Second soundcard digital audio
428 20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio
429 33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
430 34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
431 50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
432 block BIOS harddrive callback support {2.6}
433 0 = /dev/dos_hda First BIOS harddrive whole disk
434 64 = /dev/dos_hdb Second BIOS harddrive whole disk
435 128 = /dev/dos_hdc Third BIOS harddrive whole disk
436 192 = /dev/dos_hdd Fourth BIOS harddrive whole disk
438 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
439 (see major number 3).
441 15 char Joystick
442 0 = /dev/js0 First analog joystick
443 1 = /dev/js1 Second analog joystick
444 ...
445 128 = /dev/djs0 First digital joystick
446 129 = /dev/djs1 Second digital joystick
447 ...
448 block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
449 0 = /dev/sonycd Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
451 16 char Non-SCSI scanners
452 0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner
453 block GoldStar CD-ROM
454 0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM
456 17 char Chase serial card
457 0 = /dev/ttyH0 First Chase port
458 1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port
459 ...
460 block Optics Storage CD-ROM
461 0 = /dev/optcd Optics Storage CD-ROM
463 18 char Chase serial card - alternate devices
464 0 = /dev/cuh0 Callout device for ttyH0
465 1 = /dev/cuh1 Callout device for ttyH1
466 ...
467 block Sanyo CD-ROM
468 0 = /dev/sjcd Sanyo CD-ROM
470 19 char Cyclades serial card
471 0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port
472 ...
473 31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port
474 block "Double" compressed disk
475 0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk
476 ...
477 7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk
478 128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk
479 ...
480 135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk
482 See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
483 mirror devices.
485 20 char Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
486 0 = /dev/cub0 Callout device for ttyC0
487 ...
488 31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device for ttyC31
489 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
490 0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM
492 21 char Generic SCSI access
493 0 = /dev/sg0 First generic SCSI device
494 1 = /dev/sg1 Second generic SCSI device
495 ...
497 Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
498 this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
499 the system and is counter to standard Linux
500 device-naming practice.
502 block Acorn MFM hard drive interface
503 0 = /dev/mfma First MFM drive whole disk
504 64 = /dev/mfmb Second MFM drive whole disk
506 This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
507 Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
508 (see major number 3).
510 22 char Digiboard serial card
511 0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port
512 1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port
513 ...
514 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
515 0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
516 64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
518 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
519 interface (see major number 3).
521 23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
522 0 = /dev/cud0 Callout device for ttyD0
523 1 = /dev/cud1 Callout device for ttyD1
524 ...
525 block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
526 0 = /dev/mcd Mitsumi CD-ROM
528 24 char Stallion serial card
529 0 = /dev/ttyE0 Stallion port 0 card 0
530 1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0
531 ...
532 64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1
533 65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1
534 ...
535 128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2
536 129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2
537 ...
538 192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3
539 193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3
540 ...
541 block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
542 0 = /dev/cdu535 Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
544 25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices
545 0 = /dev/cue0 Callout device for ttyE0
546 1 = /dev/cue1 Callout device for ttyE1
547 ...
548 64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device for ttyE64
549 65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device for ttyE65
550 ...
551 128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device for ttyE128
552 129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device for ttyE129
553 ...
554 192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device for ttyE192
555 193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device for ttyE193
556 ...
557 block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
558 0 = /dev/sbpcd0 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
559 1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
560 2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
561 3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
563 26 char Quanta WinVision frame grabber {2.6}
564 0 = /dev/wvisfgrab Quanta WinVision frame grabber
565 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
566 0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
567 1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
568 2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
569 3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
571 27 char QIC-117 tape
572 0 = /dev/qft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close
573 1 = /dev/qft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close
574 2 = /dev/qft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close
575 3 = /dev/qft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close
576 4 = /dev/nqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
577 5 = /dev/nqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
578 6 = /dev/nqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
579 7 = /dev/nqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
580 16 = /dev/zqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
581 17 = /dev/zqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
582 18 = /dev/zqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
583 19 = /dev/zqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
584 20 = /dev/nzqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
585 21 = /dev/nzqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
586 22 = /dev/nzqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
587 23 = /dev/nzqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
588 32 = /dev/rawqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
589 33 = /dev/rawqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
590 34 = /dev/rawqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
591 35 = /dev/rawqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
592 36 = /dev/nrawqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
593 37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
594 38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
595 39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
596 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
597 0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
598 1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
599 2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
600 3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
602 28 char Stallion serial card - card programming
603 0 = /dev/staliomem0 First Stallion card I/O memory
604 1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
605 2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
606 3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
607 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
608 0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer
609 1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer
610 ...
611 block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
612 0 = /dev/sbpcd12 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
613 1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
614 2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
615 3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
616 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
617 0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk
618 16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk
619 32 = /dev/adc Third ACSI disk whole disk
620 ...
621 240 = /dev/adp 16th ACSI disk whole disk
623 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
624 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
625 partitions is 15, like SCSI.
627 29 char Universal frame buffer
628 0 = /dev/fb0 First frame buffer
629 32 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer
630 ...
631 224 = /dev/fb7 Eighth frame buffer
633 All additional minor numbers are reserved.
635 block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
636 0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM
638 30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices
639 0 = /dev/socksys Socket access
640 1 = /dev/spx SVR3 local X interface
641 2 = /dev/inet/arp Network access
642 2 = /dev/inet/icmp Network access
643 2 = /dev/inet/ip Network access
644 2 = /dev/inet/udp Network access
645 2 = /dev/inet/tcp Network access
647 Additionally, iBCS-2 requires /dev/nfsd to be a link
648 to /dev/socksys, and /dev/X0R to be a link to
649 /dev/null.
651 block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
652 0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
654 /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device. This
655 driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
657 31 char MPU-401 MIDI
658 0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port
659 1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
660 block ROM/flash memory card
661 0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw)
662 ...
663 7 = /dev/rom7 Eighth ROM card (rw)
664 8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro)
665 ...
666 15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro)
667 16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw)
668 ...
669 23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw)
670 24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro)
671 ...
672 31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro)
674 The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
675 written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
676 devices. The read-only devices (ro) support reading
677 only.
679 32 char Specialix serial card
680 0 = /dev/ttyX0 First Specialix port
681 1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port
682 ...
683 block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
684 0 = /dev/cm206cd Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
686 33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices
687 0 = /dev/cux0 Callout device for ttyX0
688 1 = /dev/cux1 Callout device for ttyX1
689 ...
690 block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
691 0 = /dev/hde Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
692 64 = /dev/hdf Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
694 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
695 interface (see major number 3).
697 34 char Z8530 HDLC driver
698 0 = /dev/scc0 First Z8530, first port
699 1 = /dev/scc1 First Z8530, second port
700 2 = /dev/scc2 Second Z8530, first port
701 3 = /dev/scc3 Second Z8530, second port
702 ...
704 In a previous version these devices were named
705 /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
706 on.
708 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
709 0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
710 64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
712 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
713 interface (see major number 3).
715 35 char tclmidi MIDI driver
716 0 = /dev/midi0 First MIDI port, kernel timed
717 1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed
718 2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed
719 3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
720 64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed
721 65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed
722 66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed
723 67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed
724 128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
725 129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
726 130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
727 131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
728 block Slow memory ramdisk
729 0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk
731 36 char Netlink support
732 0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user
733 1 = /dev/skip enSKIP security cache control
734 3 = /dec/fwmonitor Firewall packet copies
735 16 = /dev/tap0 First Ethertap device
736 ...
737 31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device
738 block MCA ESDI hard disk
739 0 = /dev/eda First ESDI disk whole disk
740 64 = /dev/edb Second ESDI disk whole disk
741 ...
743 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
744 (see major number 3).
746 37 char IDE tape
747 0 = /dev/ht0 First IDE tape
748 1 = /dev/ht1 Second IDE tape
749 ...
750 128 = /dev/nht0 First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
751 129 = /dev/nht1 Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
752 ...
754 Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
756 block Zorro II ramdisk
757 0 = /dev/z2ram Zorro II ramdisk
759 38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board
760 0 = /dev/mlanai0 First Myrinet board
761 1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board
762 ...
764 This device is used for status query, board control
765 and "user level packet I/O." This board is also
766 accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
768 block Reserved for Linux/AP+
770 39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board
771 0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0 First card, first analog channel
772 1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel
773 ...
774 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel
775 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines
776 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer
777 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer
778 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer
779 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel
780 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel
781 ...
782 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel
783 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines
784 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer
785 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer
786 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer
787 ...
788 block Reserved for Linux/AP+
790 40 char Matrox Meteor frame grabber {2.6}
791 0 = /dev/mmetfgrab Matrox Meteor frame grabber
792 block Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive
793 0 = /dev/eza Parallel EZ135 drive, whole disk
795 This device is obsolete and will be removed in a
796 future version of Linux. It has been replaced with
797 the parallel port IDE disk driver at major number 45.
798 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
799 (see major number 3).
801 41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
802 0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor
803 block MicroSolutions BackPack parallel port CD-ROM
804 0 = /dev/bpcd BackPack CD-ROM
806 This device is obsolete and will be removed in a
807 future version of Linux. It has been replaced with
808 the parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM driver at major number 46.
810 42 Demo/sample use
812 This number is intended for use in sample code, as
813 well as a general "example" device number. It
814 should never be used for a device driver that is being
815 distributed; either obtain an official number or use
816 the local/experimental range. The sudden addition or
817 removal of a driver with this number should not cause
818 ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
820 IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
821 DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
823 43 char isdn4linux virtual modem
824 0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem
825 ...
826 63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
827 block Network block devices
828 0 = /dev/nb0 First network block device
829 1 = /dev/nb1 Second network block device
830 ...
832 Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
833 devices: If you read from it, it sends packet accross
834 network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
835 sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
836 to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
837 the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
839 44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
840 0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device for ttyI0
841 ...
842 63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63
843 block Flash Translatio Layer (FTL) filesystems
844 0 = /dev/ftla FTL on first Memory Technology Device
845 16 = /dev/ftlb FTL on second Memory Technology Device
846 32 = /dev/ftlc FTL on third Memory Technology Device
847 ...
848 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
850 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
851 disks (see major number 3) expect that the partition
852 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
854 45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
855 0 = /dev/isdn0 First virtual B channel raw data
856 ...
857 63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data
858 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug
859 ...
860 127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug
862 128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device
863 ...
864 191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device
866 255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
867 block Parallel port IDE disk devices
868 0 = /dev/pda First parallel port IDE disk
869 16 = /dev/pdb Second parallel port IDE disk
870 32 = /dev/pdc Third parallel port IDE disk
871 48 = /dev/pdd Fourth parallel port IDE disk
873 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
874 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
875 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
877 46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card
878 0 = /dev/ttyR0 First Rocketport port
879 1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port
880 ...
881 block Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
882 0 = /dev/pcd0 First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
883 1 = /dev/pcd1 Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
884 2 = /dev/pcd2 Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
885 3 = /dev/pcd3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
887 47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
888 0 = /dev/cur0 Callout device for ttyR0
889 1 = /dev/cur1 Callout device for ttyR1
890 ...
891 block Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
892 0 = /dev/pf0 First parallel port ATAPI disk
893 1 = /dev/pf1 Second parallel port ATAPI disk
894 2 = /dev/pf2 Third parallel port ATAPI disk
895 3 = /dev/pf3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
897 This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
898 devices and hence does not support partitioning.
900 48 char SDL RISCom serial card
901 0 = /dev/ttyL0 First RISCom port
902 1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port
903 ...
904 block Reserved for Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller
906 49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
907 0 = /dev/cul0 Callout device for ttyL0
908 1 = /dev/cul1 Callout device for ttyL1
909 ...
910 block Reserved for Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller
912 50 char Reserved for GLINT
913 block Reserved for Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller
915 51 char Baycom radio modem
916 0 = /dev/bc0 First Baycom radio modem
917 1 = /dev/bc1 Second Baycom radio modem
918 ...
919 block Reserved for Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller
921 52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
922 0 = /dev/dcbri0 First DataComm card
923 1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
924 2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
925 3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
926 block Reserved for Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller
928 53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
929 0 = /dev/pd_bdm0 PD BDM interface on lp0
930 1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1
931 2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2
932 4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0
933 5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1
934 6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2
936 This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
937 microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
938 Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
939 Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
940 by P&E.
942 block Reserved for Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller
944 54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
945 0 = /dev/holter0 First Holter port
946 1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port
947 2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port
949 A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
950 <mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
951 24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
953 block Reserved for Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller
955 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor
956 0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001
957 block Reserved for Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller
959 56 char Apple Desktop Bus
960 0 = /dev/adb ADB bus control
962 Additional devices will be added to this number, all
963 starting with /dev/adb.
965 block Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
966 0 = /dev/hdi Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
967 64 = /dev/hdj Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
969 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
970 interface (see major number 3).
972 57 char Hayes ESP serial card
973 0 = /dev/ttyP0 First ESP port
974 1 = /dev/ttyP1 Second ESP port
975 ...
977 block Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
978 0 = /dev/hdk Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
979 64 = /dev/hdl Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
981 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
982 interface (see major number 3).
984 58 char Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
985 0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device for ttyP0
986 1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device for ttyP1
987 ...
988 block Reserved for logical volume manager
990 59 char sf firewall package
991 0 = /dev/firewall Communication with sf kernel module
993 block Generic PDA filesystem device
994 0 = /dev/pda0 First PDA device
995 1 = /dev/pda1 Second PDA device
996 ...
998 The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
999 remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
1000 proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
1001 running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
1002 IRDA / parallel links.
1004 60-63 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1005 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
1006 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
1007 used, in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
1009 64 char ENskip kernel encryption package
1010 0 = /dev/enskip Communication with ENskip kernel module
1012 65 char Sundance "plink" Transputer boards
1013 0 = /dev/plink0 First plink device
1014 1 = /dev/plink1 Second plink device
1015 2 = /dev/plink2 Third plink device
1016 3 = /dev/plink3 Fourth plink device
1017 64 = /dev/rplink0 First plink device, raw
1018 65 = /dev/rplink1 Second plink device, raw
1019 66 = /dev/rplink2 Third plink device, raw
1020 67 = /dev/rplink3 Fourth plink device, raw
1021 128 = /dev/plink0d First plink device, debug
1022 129 = /dev/plink1d Second plink device, debug
1023 130 = /dev/plink2d Third plink device, debug
1024 131 = /dev/plink3d Fourth plink device, debug
1025 192 = /dev/rplink0d First plink device, raw, debug
1026 193 = /dev/rplink1d Second plink device, raw, debug
1027 194 = /dev/rplink2d Third plink device, raw, debug
1028 195 = /dev/rplink3d Fourth plink device, raw, debug
1030 This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
1031 <jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information.
1033 block SCSI disk devices (16-31)
1034 0 = /dev/sdq 16th SCSI disk whole disk
1035 16 = /dev/sdr 17th SCSI disk whole disk
1036 32 = /dev/sds 18th SCSI disk whole disk
1037 ...
1038 240 = /dev/sdaf 32nd SCSI disk whole disk
1040 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1041 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1042 partitions is 15.
1044 66 char YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
1045 0 = /dev/yppcpci0 First YARC card
1046 1 = /dev/yppcpci1 Second YARC card
1047 ...
1049 block SCSI disk devices (32-47)
1050 0 = /dev/sdag 33th SCSI disk whole disk
1051 16 = /dev/sdah 34th SCSI disk whole disk
1052 32 = /dev/sdai 35th SCSI disk whole disk
1053 ...
1054 240 = /dev/sdav 48nd SCSI disk whole disk
1056 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1057 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1058 partitions is 15.
1060 67 char Coda network file system
1061 0 = /dev/cfs0 Coda cache manager
1063 See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
1065 block SCSI disk devices (48-63)
1066 0 = /dev/sdaw 49th SCSI disk whole disk
1067 16 = /dev/sdax 50th SCSI disk whole disk
1068 32 = /dev/sday 51st SCSI disk whole disk
1069 ...
1070 240 = /dev/sdbl 64th SCSI disk whole disk
1072 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1073 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1074 partitions is 15.
1076 68 char CAPI 2.0 interface
1077 0 = /dev/capi20 Control device
1078 1 = /dev/capi20.00 First CAPI 2.0 application
1079 2 = /dev/capi20.01 Second CAPI 2.0 application
1080 ...
1081 20 = /dev/capi20.19 19th CAPI 2.0 application
1083 ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
1084 applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
1086 block SCSI disk devices (64-79)
1087 0 = /dev/sdbm 64th SCSI disk whole disk
1088 16 = /dev/sdbn 65th SCSI disk whole disk
1089 32 = /dev/sdbo 66th SCSI disk whole disk
1090 ...
1091 240 = /dev/sdcb 80th SCSI disk whole disk
1093 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1094 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1095 partitions is 15.
1097 69 char MA16 numeric accelerator card
1098 0 = /dev/ma16 Board memory access
1100 block SCSI disk devices (80-95)
1101 0 = /dev/sdcc 81st SCSI disk whole disk
1102 16 = /dev/sdcd 82nd SCSI disk whole disk
1103 32 = /dev/sdce 83th SCSI disk whole disk
1104 ...
1105 240 = /dev/sdcr 96th SCSI disk whole disk
1107 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1108 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1109 partitions is 15.
1111 70 char SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
1112 0 = /dev/apscfg Configuration interface
1113 1 = /dev/apsauth Authentication interface
1114 2 = /dev/apslog Logging interface
1115 3 = /dev/apsdbg Debugging interface
1116 64 = /dev/apsisdn ISDN command interface
1117 65 = /dev/apsasync Async command interface
1118 128 = /dev/apsmon Monitor interface
1120 block SCSI disk devices (96-111)
1121 0 = /dev/sdcs 97th SCSI disk whole disk
1122 16 = /dev/sdct 98th SCSI disk whole disk
1123 32 = /dev/sdcu 99th SCSI disk whole disk
1124 ...
1125 240 = /dev/sddh 112nd SCSI disk whole disk
1127 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1128 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1129 partitions is 15.
1131 71 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card
1132 0 = /dev/ttyF0 IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
1133 1 = /dev/ttyF1 IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
1134 ...
1135 63 = /dev/ttyF63 IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
1136 64 = /dev/ttyF64 IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
1137 65 = /dev/ttyF65 IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
1138 ...
1139 127 = /dev/ttyF127 IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
1140 128 = /dev/ttyF128 IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
1141 129 = /dev/ttyF129 IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
1142 ...
1143 191 = /dev/ttyF191 IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
1144 192 = /dev/ttyF192 IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
1145 193 = /dev/ttyF193 IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
1146 ...
1147 255 = /dev/ttyF255 IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
1149 block SCSI disk devices (112-127)
1150 0 = /dev/sddi 113th SCSI disk whole disk
1151 16 = /dev/sddj 114th SCSI disk whole disk
1152 32 = /dev/sddk 115th SCSI disk whole disk
1153 ...
1154 240 = /dev/sddx 128th SCSI disk whole disk
1156 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1157 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1158 partitions is 15.
1160 72 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
1161 0 = /dev/cuf0 Callout device for ttyF0
1162 1 = /dev/cuf1 Callout device for ttyF1
1163 ...
1164 63 = /dev/cuf63 Callout device for ttyF63
1165 64 = /dev/cuf64 Callout device for ttyF64
1166 65 = /dev/cuf65 Callout device for ttyF65
1167 ...
1168 127 = /dev/cuf127 Callout device for ttyF127
1169 128 = /dev/cuf128 Callout device for ttyF128
1170 129 = /dev/cuf129 Callout device for ttyF129
1171 ...
1172 191 = /dev/cuf191 Callout device for ttyF191
1173 192 = /dev/cuf192 Callout device for ttyF192
1174 193 = /dev/cuf193 Callout device for ttyF193
1175 ...
1176 255 = /dev/cuf255 Callout device for ttyF255
1178 73 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
1179 0 = /dev/ip2ipl0 Loadware device for board 0
1180 1 = /dev/ip2stat0 Status device for board 0
1181 4 = /dev/ip2ipl1 Loadware device for board 1
1182 5 = /dev/ip2stat1 Status device for board 1
1183 8 = /dev/ip2ipl2 Loadware device for board 2
1184 9 = /dev/ip2stat2 Status device for board 2
1185 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3 Loadware device for board 3
1186 13 = /dev/ip2stat3 Status device for board 3
1188 74 char SCI bridge
1189 0 = /dev/SCI/0 SCI device 0
1190 1 = /dev/SCI/1 SCI device 1
1191 ...
1193 Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
1194 bridge.
1196 75 char Specialix IO8+ serial card
1197 0 = /dev/ttyW0 First IO8+ port, first card
1198 1 = /dev/ttyW1 Second IO8+ port, first card
1199 ...
1200 8 = /dev/ttyW8 First IO8+ port, second card
1201 ...
1203 76 char Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
1204 0 = /dev/cuw0 Callout device for ttyW0
1205 1 = /dev/cuw1 Callout device for ttyW1
1206 ...
1207 8 = /dev/cuw8 Callout device for ttyW8
1208 ...
1210 77 char ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1211 0 = /dev/qng ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1213 78 char PAM Software's multimodem boards
1214 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First PAM modem
1215 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second PAM modem
1216 ...
1218 79 char PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
1219 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1220 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1221 ...
1223 80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1224 0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1226 block I2O hard disk
1227 0 = /dev/i2o/hda First I2O hard disk, whole disk
1228 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
1229 ...
1230 240 = /dev/i2o/hdp 16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1232 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1233 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1234 partitions is 15.
1236 81 char video4linux
1237 0 = /dev/video0 Video capture/overlay device
1238 ...
1239 63 = /dev/video63 Video capture/overlay device
1240 64 = /dev/radio0 Radio device
1241 ...
1242 127 = /dev/radio63 Radio device
1243 192 = /dev/vtx0 Teletext device
1244 ...
1245 223 = /dev/vtx31 Teletext device
1246 224 = /dev/vbi0 Vertical blank interrupt
1247 ...
1248 255 = /dev/vbi31 Vertical blank interrupt
1250 block I2O hard disk
1251 0 = /dev/i2o/hdq 17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1252 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr 18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1253 ...
1254 240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf 32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1256 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1257 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1258 partitions is 15.
1260 82 char WiNRADiO communications receiver card
1261 0 = /dev/winradio0 First WiNRADiO card
1262 1 = /dev/winradio1 Second WiNRADiO card
1263 ...
1265 The driver and documentation may be obtained from
1266 http://www.proximity.com.au/~brian/winradio/
1268 block I2O hard disk
1269 0 = /dev/i2o/hdag 33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1270 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah 34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1271 ...
1272 240 = /dev/i2o/hdav 48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1274 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1275 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1276 partitions is 15.
1278 83 char Teletext/videotext interfaces {2.6}
1279 0 = /dev/vtx Teletext decoder
1280 16 = /dev/vttuner TV tuner on teletext interface
1282 Devices for the driver contained in the VideoteXt package.
1283 More information on http://home.pages.de/~videotext/
1285 block I2O hard disk
1286 0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw 49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1287 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax 50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1288 ...
1289 240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl 64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1291 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1292 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1293 partitions is 15.
1295 84 char Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
1296 0 = /dev/ihcp0 First Greensheet port
1297 1 = /dev/ihcp1 Second Greensheet port
1299 block I2O hard disk
1300 0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm 65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1301 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn 66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1302 ...
1303 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb 80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1305 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1306 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1307 partitions is 15.
1309 85 char Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
1310 0 = /dev/shmiq Master shared input queue
1311 1 = /dev/qcntl0 First device pushed
1312 2 = /dev/qcntl1 Second device pushed
1313 ...
1315 block I2O hard disk
1316 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc 81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
1317 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd 82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1318 ...
1319 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr 96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1321 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1322 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1323 partitions is 15.
1325 86 char SCSI media changer
1326 0 = /dev/sch0 First SCSI media changer
1327 1 = /dev/sch1 Second SCSI media changer
1328 ...
1330 block I2O hard disk
1331 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs 97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1332 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct 98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1333 ...
1334 240 = /dev/i2o/hddh 112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1336 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1337 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1338 partitions is 15.
1340 87 char Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
1341 0 = /dev/controla0 First device on chain
1342 1 = /dev/controla1 Second device on chain
1343 ...
1345 block I2O hard disk
1346 0 = /dev/i2o/hddi 113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1347 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj 114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1348 ...
1349 240 = /dev/i2o/hddx 128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1351 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1352 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1353 partitions is 15.
1355 88 char COMX synchronous serial card
1356 0 = /dev/comx0 COMX channel 0
1357 1 = /dev/comx1 COMX channel 1
1358 ...
1360 block Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1361 0 = /dev/hdm Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1362 64 = /dev/hdn Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1364 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1365 interface (see major number 3).
1368 89 char I2C bus interface
1369 0 = /dev/i2c-0 First I2C adapter
1370 1 = /dev/i2c-1 Second I2C adapter
1371 ...
1373 block Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1374 0 = /dev/hdo Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1375 64 = /dev/hdp Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1377 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1378 interface (see major number 3).
1380 90 char Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
1381 0 = /dev/mtd0 First MTD (rw)
1382 1 = /dev/mtdr0 First MTD (ro)
1383 ...
1384 30 = /dev/mtd15 16th MTD (rw)
1385 31 = /dev/mtdr15 16th MTD (ro)
1387 block Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1388 0 = /dev/hdq Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1389 64 = /dev/hdr Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1391 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1392 interface (see major number 3).
1394 91 char CAN-Bus devices
1395 0 = /dev/can0 First CAN-Bus controller
1396 1 = /dev/can1 Second CAN-Bus controller
1397 ...
1399 block Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1400 0 = /dev/hds Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1401 64 = /dev/hdt Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1403 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1404 interface (see major number 3).
1406 92 char Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
1408 block PPDD encrypted disk driver
1409 0 = /dev/ppdd0 First encrypted disk
1410 1 = /dev/ppdd1 Second encrypted disk
1411 ...
1413 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1414 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1415 partitions is 15.
1417 93 char IBM Smart Capture Card frame grabber {2.6}
1418 0 = /dev/iscc0 First Smart Capture Card
1419 1 = /dev/iscc1 Second Smart Capture Card
1420 ...
1421 128 = /dev/isccctl0 First Smart Capture Card control
1422 129 = /dev/isccctl1 Second Smart Capture Card control
1423 ...
1425 block NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
1426 0 = /dev/nftla First NFTL layer
1427 16 = /dev/nftlb Second NFTL layer
1428 ...
1429 240 = /dev/nftlp 16th NTFL layer
1431 94 char miroVIDEO DC10/30 capture/playback device {2.6}
1432 0 = /dev/dcxx0 First capture card
1433 1 = /dev/dcxx1 Second capture card
1434 ...
1436 95 char IP filter
1437 0 = /dev/ipl Filter control device/log file
1438 1 = /dev/ipnat NAT control device/log file
1439 2 = /dev/ipstate State information log file
1440 3 = /dev/ipauth Authentication control device/log file
1442 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage
1443 0 = /dev/dasd0 First DASD device, major
1444 1 = /dev/dasd0a First DASD device, block 1
1445 2 = /dev/dasd0b First DASD device, block 2
1446 3 = /dev/dasd0c First DASD device, block 3
1447 4 = /dev/dasd1 Second DASD device, major
1448 5 = /dev/dasd1a Second DASD device, block 1
1449 6 = /dev/dasd1b Second DASD device, block 2
1450 7 = /dev/dasd1c Second DASD device, block 3
1451 ...
1453 96 char Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
1454 0 = /dev/pt0 First parallel port ATAPI tape
1455 1 = /dev/pt1 Second parallel port ATAPI tape
1456 ...
1457 128 = /dev/npt0 First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1458 129 = /dev/npt1 Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1459 ...
1461 block IBM S/390 VM/ESA minidisk
1462 0 = /dev/msd0 First VM/ESA minidisk
1463 1 = /dev/msd1 Second VM/ESA minidisk
1464 ...
1466 97 char Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
1467 0 = /dev/pg0 First parallel port ATAPI device
1468 1 = /dev/pg1 Second parallel port ATAPI device
1469 2 = /dev/pg2 Third parallel port ATAPI device
1470 3 = /dev/pg3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
1472 These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
1473 devices.
1475 block Packet writing for CD/DVD devices
1476 0 = /dev/pktcdvd0 First packet-writing module
1477 1 = /dev/pktcdvd1 Second packet-writing module
1478 ...
1480 98 char Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
1481 0 = /dev/comedi0 First comedi device
1482 1 = /dev/comedi1 Second comedi device
1483 ...
1485 See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi or http://www.llp.fu-berlin.de/.
1487 block User-mode virtual block device
1488 0 = /dev/ubd0 First user-mode block device
1489 1 = /dev/ubd1 Second user-mode block device
1490 ...
1492 This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
1494 99 char Raw parallel ports
1495 0 = /dev/parport0 First parallel port
1496 1 = /dev/parport1 Second parallel port
1497 ...
1499 100 char POTS (analogue telephone) A/B port {2.6}
1500 0 = /dev/phone0 First telephone port
1501 1 = /dev/phone1 Second telephone port
1502 ...
1504 The names have been reallocated to Telephony For
1505 Linux, major 159. All use of major 100 should be
1506 considered legacy and deprecated.
1508 101 char Motorola DSP 56xxx board
1509 0 = /dev/mdspstat Status information
1510 1 = /dev/mdsp1 First DSP board I/O controls
1511 ...
1512 16 = /dev/mdsp16 16th DSP board I/O controls
1514 102 char Philips SAA5249 Teletext signal decoder {2.6}
1515 0 = /dev/tlk0 First Teletext decoder
1516 1 = /dev/tlk1 Second Teletext decoder
1517 2 = /dev/tlk2 Third Teletext decoder
1518 3 = /dev/tlk3 Fourth Teletext decoder
1520 103 char Arla network file system
1521 0 = /dev/xfs0 Arla XFS
1523 Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
1524 Any resemblance with the Swedish milk producer is
1525 coincidental. For more information about the project,
1526 write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or subscribe
1527 to the arla announce mailing list by sending a mail to
1528 <arla-announce-request@stacken.kth.se>.
1530 104 char Flash BIOS support
1532 105 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
1533 0 = /dev/ttyV0 First VS-1000 port
1534 1 = /dev/ttyV1 Second VS-1000 port
1535 ...
1537 106 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
1538 0 = /dev/cuv0 First VS-1000 port
1539 1 = /dev/cuv1 Second VS-1000 port
1540 ...
1542 107 char 3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
1543 0 = /dev/3dfx Primary 3Dfx graphics device
1545 108 char Device independent PPP interface
1546 0 = /dev/ppp Device independent PPP interface
1548 109 char Reserved for logical volume manager
1550 110 char miroMEDIA Surround board
1551 0 = /dev/srnd0 First miroMEDIA Surround board
1552 1 = /dev/srnd1 Second miroMEDIA Surround board
1553 ...
1555 111 char Philips SAA7146-based audio/video card {2.6}
1556 0 = /dev/av0 First A/V card
1557 1 = /dev/av1 Second A/V card
1558 ...
1560 112 char ISI serial card
1561 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First ISI port
1562 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second ISI port
1563 ...
1565 There is currently a device-naming conflict between
1566 these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
1568 113 char ISI serial card - alternate devices
1569 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1570 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1571 ...
1573 114 char Picture Elements ISE board
1574 0 = /dev/ise0 First ISE board
1575 1 = /dev/ise1 Second ISE board
1576 ...
1577 128 = /dev/isex0 Control node for first ISE board
1578 129 = /dev/isex1 Control node for second ISE board
1579 ...
1581 The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
1582 image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
1583 I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
1584 nodes used to control the board.
1586 115 char Console driver speaker
1587 0 = /dev/speaker Speaker device file
1589 Plays music using IBM BASIC style strings.
1591 116 char Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
1593 117 char COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
1594 0 = /dev/cosa0c0 1st board, 1st channel
1595 1 = /dev/cosa0c1 1st board, 2nd channel
1596 ...
1597 16 = /dev/cosa1c0 2nd board, 1st channel
1598 17 = /dev/cosa1c1 2nd board, 2nd channel
1599 ...
1601 118 char Solidum ???
1602 0 = /dev/solnp0
1603 1 = /dev/solnp1
1604 ...
1605 128 = /dev/solnpctl0
1606 129 = /dev/solnpctl1
1607 ...
1609 119 char VMware virtual network control
1610 0 = /dev/vnet0 1st virtual network
1611 1 = /dev/vnet1 2nd virtual network
1612 ...
1614 120-127 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1616 128-135 char Unix98 PTY masters
1618 These devices should not have corresponding device
1619 nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
1620 /dev/ptmx cloning interface.
1622 136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves
1623 0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
1624 1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pesudo-TTY
1625 ...
1627 These device nodes are automatically generated with
1628 the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
1629 devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
1630 mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
1631 *most* distributions the appropriate options are
1632 "mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)
1634 144 char Encapsulated PPP
1635 0 = /dev/pppox0 First PPP over Ethernet
1636 ...
1637 63 = /dev/pppox63 64th PPP over Ethernet
1639 This is primarily used for ADSL.
1641 The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
1642 relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
1644 145 char SAM9407-based soundcard
1645 0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
1646 1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
1647 2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
1648 3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
1649 4 = /dev/sam0_audio
1650 6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
1651 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
1652 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
1653 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
1654 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
1655 ...
1656 128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
1657 ...
1658 192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
1659 ...
1661 Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
1662 addons, which are sam9407 specific. OSS can be
1663 operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
1665 146 char SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
1666 0 = /dev/scramnet0 First SCRAMNet device
1667 1 = /dev/scramnet1 Second SCRAMNet device
1668 ...
1670 147 char Aueral Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
1671 0 = /dev/aureal0 First Aureal Vortex
1672 1 = /dev/aureal1 Second Aureal Vortex
1673 ...
1675 148 char Technology Concepts serial card
1676 0 = /dev/ttyT0 First TCL port
1677 1 = /dev/ttyT1 Second TCL port
1678 ...
1680 149 char Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
1681 0 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT0
1682 1 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT1
1683 ...
1685 150 char Real-Time Linux FIFOs
1686 0 = /dev/rtf0 First RTLinux FIFO
1687 1 = /dev/rtf1 Second RTLinux FIFO
1688 ...
1690 151 char DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
1691 0 = /dev/dpti0 First DPT I2O adapter
1692 1 = /dev/dpti1 Second DPT I2O adapter
1693 ...
1695 154 char Specialix RIO serial card
1696 0 = /dev/ttySR0 First RIO port
1697 ...
1698 255 = /dev/ttySR255 256th RIO port
1700 155 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
1701 0 = /dev/cusr0 Callout device for ttySR0
1702 ...
1703 255 = /dev/cusr255 Callout device for ttySR255
1705 156 char Specialix RIO serial card
1706 0 = /dev/ttySR256 257th RIO port
1707 ...
1708 255 = /dev/ttySR511 512th RIO port
1710 157 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
1711 0 = /dev/cusr256 Callout device for ttySR256
1712 ...
1713 255 = /dev/cusr511 Callout device for ttySR511
1715 158 char Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
1716 0 = /dev/gfax0 GammaLink channel 0
1717 1 = /dev/gfax1 GammaLink channel 1
1718 ...
1720 159 char Telephony for Linux
1721 0 = /dev/phone0 First telephony device
1722 1 = /dev/phone1 Second telephony device
1723 ...
1725 160 char General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
1726 0 = /dev/gpib0 First GPIB bus
1727 1 = /dev/gpib1 Second GPIB bus
1728 ...
1730 161 char IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
1731 0 = /dev/ircomm0 First IrCOMM device
1732 1 = /dev/ircomm1 Second IrCOMM device
1733 ...
1734 16 = /dev/irlpt0 First IrLPT device
1735 17 = /dev/irlpt1 Second IrLPT device
1736 ...
1738 162 char Raw block device interface
1739 0 = /dev/raw Raw I/O control device
1740 1 = /dev/raw1 First raw I/O device
1741 2 = /dev/raw2 Second raw I/O device
1742 ...
1744 163 char Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
1745 0 = /dev/bimrt0 First BIM radio modem
1746 1 = /dev/bimrt1 Second BIM radio modem
1747 ...
1749 164 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
1750 0 = /dev/ttyCH0 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
1751 ...
1752 15 = /dev/ttyCH15 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
1753 16 = /dev/ttyCH16 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
1754 ...
1755 31 = /dev/ttyCH31 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
1756 32 = /dev/ttyCH32 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
1757 ...
1758 47 = /dev/ttyCH47 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
1759 48 = /dev/ttyCH48 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
1760 ...
1761 63 = /dev/ttyCH63 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
1763 165 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
1764 0 = /dev/cuch0 Callout device for ttyCH0
1765 ...
1766 63 = /dev/cuch63 Callout device for ttyCH63
1768 166 char ACM USB modems
1769 0 = /dev/ttyACM0 First ACM modem
1770 1 = /dev/ttyACM1 Second ACM modem
1771 ...
1773 167 char ACM USB modems - alternate devices
1774 0 = /dev/cuacm0 Callout device for ttyACM0
1775 1 = /dev/cuacm1 Callout device for ttyACM1
1776 ...
1778 168 char Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
1779 0 = /dev/ecsa0 First CSA7000
1780 1 = /dev/ecsa1 Second CSA7000
1781 ...
1783 169 char Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
1784 0 = /dev/ecsa8-0 First CSA8000
1785 1 = /dev/ecsa8-1 Second CSA8000
1786 ...
1788 170 char AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
1789 0 = /dev/megarac0 First MegaRAC card
1790 1 = /dev/megarac1 Second MegaRAC card
1791 ...
1793 171 char Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
1796 172 char Moxa Intellio serial card
1797 0 = /dev/ttyMX0 First Moxa port
1798 1 = /dev/ttyMX1 Second Moxa port
1799 ...
1800 127 = /dev/ttyMX127 128th Moxa port
1801 128 = /dev/moxactl Moxa control port
1803 173 char Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
1804 0 = /dev/cumx0 Callout device for ttyMX0
1805 1 = /dev/cumx1 Callout device for ttyMX1
1806 ...
1807 127 = /dev/cumx127 Callout device for ttyMX127
1809 174 char SmartIO serial card
1810 0 = /dev/ttySI0 First SmartIO port
1811 1 = /dev/ttySI1 Second SmartIO port
1812 ...
1814 175 char SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
1815 0 = /dev/cusi0 Callout device for ttySI0
1816 1 = /dev/cusi1 Callout device for ttySI1
1817 ...
1819 176 char nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
1820 0 = /dev/nfastpci0 First nFast PCI device
1821 1 = /dev/nfastpci1 First nFast PCI device
1822 ...
1824 177 char TI PCILynx memory spaces
1825 0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0 AUX space of first PCILynx card
1826 ...
1827 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
1828 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0 ROM space of first PCILynx card
1829 ...
1830 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
1831 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0 RAM space of first PCILynx card
1832 ...
1833 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
1835 178 char Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
1836 0 = /dev/clanvi0 First cLAN adapter
1837 1 = /dev/clanvi1 Second cLAN adapter
1838 ...
1840 179 char CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
1841 0 = /dev/dvxirq0 First DVX device
1842 1 = /dev/dvxirq1 Second DVX device
1843 ...
1845 180 char USB devices
1846 0 = /dev/usb/lp0 First USB printer
1847 ...
1848 15 = /dev/usb/lp15 16th USB printer
1849 16 = /dev/usb/mouse0 First USB mouse
1850 ...
1851 31 = /dev/usb/mouse15 16th USB mouse
1852 32 = /dev/usb/ez0 First USB firmware loader
1853 ...
1854 47 = /dev/usb/ez15 16th USB firmware loader
1855 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
1856 ...
1857 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
1858 64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500
1860 181 char Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
1861 0 = /dev/pcfclock0 First Conrad radio clock
1862 1 = /dev/pcfclock1 Second Conrad radio clock
1863 ...
1865 182 char Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
1866 0 = /dev/pethr0 First THR2 board
1867 1 = /dev/pethr1 Second THR2 board
1868 ...
1870 183 char SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
1871 0 = /dev/ss5136dn0 First DeviceNet interface
1872 1 = /dev/ss5136dn1 Second DeviceNet interface
1873 ...
1875 This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
1876 It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
1878 184 char Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
1879 0 = /dev/pevss0 First sender board
1880 1 = /dev/pevss1 Second sender board
1881 ...
1883 185 char InterMezzo high availability file system
1884 0 = /dev/intermezzo0 First cache manager
1885 1 = /dev/intermezzo1 Second cache manager
1886 ...
1888 See http://www.inter-mezzo.org/ for more information.
1890 186 char Object-based storage control device
1891 0 = /dev/obd0 First obd control device
1892 1 = /dev/obd1 Second obd control device
1893 ...
1895 See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
1897 187 char DESkey hardware encryption device
1898 0 = /dev/deskey0 First DES key
1899 1 = /dev/deskey1 Second DES key
1900 ...
1902 188 char USB serial converters
1903 0 = /dev/ttyUSB0 First USB serial converter
1904 1 = /dev/ttyUSB1 Second USB serial converter
1905 ...
1907 189 char USB serial converters - alternate devices
1908 0 = /dev/cuusb0 Callout device for ttyUSB0
1909 1 = /dev/cuusb1 Callout device for ttyUSB1
1910 ...
1912 190 char Kansas City tracker/tuner card
1913 0 = /dev/kctt0 First KCT/T card
1914 1 = /dev/kctt1 Second KCT/T card
1915 ...
1917 191 char Reserved for PCMCIA
1919 192 char Kernel profiling interface
1920 0 = /dev/profile Profiling control device
1921 1 = /dev/profile0 Profiling device for CPU 0
1922 2 = /dev/profile1 Profiling device for CPU 1
1923 ...
1925 193 char Kernel event-tracing interface
1926 0 = /dev/trace Tracing control device
1927 1 = /dev/trace0 Tracing device for CPU 0
1928 2 = /dev/trace1 Tracing device for CPU 1
1929 ...
1931 194 char linVideoStreams (LINVS)
1932 0 = /dev/mvideo/status0 Video compression status
1933 1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0 Video stream
1934 2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0 Single compressed frame
1935 3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0 Raw uncompressed frame
1936 4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0 Direct codec access
1937 5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0 Video4Linux compatibility
1939 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1 Second device
1940 ...
1941 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2 Third device
1942 ...
1943 ...
1944 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device
1945 ...
1947 195-239 UNALLOCATED
1949 240-254 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1951 255 RESERVED
1953 This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
1954 larger number space. No device nodes with this major
1955 should ever be created on the filesystem.
1957 **** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
1959 This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
1960 the /dev directory. It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
1961 form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here. Links are
1962 classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
1963 link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.
1966 Compulsory links
1968 These links should exist on all systems:
1970 /dev/fd /proc/self/fd symbolic File descriptors
1971 /dev/stdin fd/0 symbolic stdin file descriptor
1972 /dev/stdout fd/1 symbolic stdout file descriptor
1973 /dev/stderr fd/2 symbolic stderr file descriptor
1974 /dev/nfsd socksys symbolic Required by iBCS-2
1975 /dev/X0R null symbolic Required by iBCS-2
1977 Note: /dev/X0R is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>.
1979 Recommended links
1981 It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:
1983 /dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility
1984 /dev/ramdisk ram0 symbolic Backward compatibility
1985 /dev/ftape qft0 symbolic Backward compatibility
1986 /dev/bttv0 video0 symbolic Backward compatibility
1987 /dev/radio radio0 symbolic Backward compatibility
1988 /dev/i2o* /dev/i2o/* symbolic Backward compatibility
1989 /dev/scd? sr? hard Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name
1991 Locally defined links
1993 The following links may be established locally to conform to the
1994 configuration of the system. This is merely a tabulation of existing
1995 practice, and does not constitute a recommendation. However, if they
1996 exist, they should have the following uses.
1998 /dev/mouse mouse port symbolic Current mouse device
1999 /dev/tape tape device symbolic Current tape device
2000 /dev/cdrom CD-ROM device symbolic Current CD-ROM device
2001 /dev/cdwriter CD-writer symbolic Current CD-writer device
2002 /dev/scanner scanner symbolic Current scanner device
2003 /dev/modem modem port symbolic Current dialout device
2004 /dev/root root device symbolic Current root filesystem
2005 /dev/swap swap device symbolic Current swap device
2007 /dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
2008 well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems. If it
2009 exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device
2010 (the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated).
2012 For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
2013 ``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
2014 /dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
2015 SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).
2017 /dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
2018 device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).
2020 Sockets and pipes
2022 Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev. Common entries are:
2024 /dev/printer socket lpd local socket
2025 /dev/log socket syslog local socket
2026 /dev/gpmdata socket gpm mouse multiplexer
2029 **** TERMINAL DEVICES
2031 Terminal, or TTY devices are a special class of character devices. A
2032 terminal device is any device that could act as a controlling terminal
2033 for a session; this includes virtual consoles, serial ports, and
2034 pseudoterminals (PTYs).
2036 All terminal devices share a common set of capabilities known as line
2037 diciplines; these include the common terminal line dicipline as well
2038 as SLIP and PPP modes.
2040 All terminal devices are named similarly; this section explains the
2041 naming and use of the various types of TTYs. Note that the naming
2042 conventions include several historical warts; some of these are
2043 Linux-specific, some were inherited from other systems, and some
2044 reflect Linux outgrowing a borrowed convention.
2046 A hash mark (#) in a device name is used here to indicate a decimal
2047 number without leading zeroes.
2049 Virtual consoles and the console device
2051 Virtual consoles are full-screen terminal displays on the system video
2052 monitor. Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering
2053 starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console.
2054 /dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video
2055 card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices
2056 (/dev/fb*) are not applicable. Do not use /dev/console
2057 for this purpose.
2059 The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system
2060 messages should be sent, and on which logins should be permitted in
2061 single-user mode. Starting with Linux 2.1.71, /dev/console is managed
2062 by the kernel; for previous versions it should be a symbolic link to
2063 either /dev/tty0, a specific virtual console such as /dev/tty1, or to
2064 a serial port primary (tty*, not cu*) device, depending on the
2065 configuration of the system.
2067 Serial ports
2069 Serial ports are RS-232 serial ports and any device which simulates
2070 one, either in hardware (such as internal modems) or in software (such
2071 as the ISDN driver.) Under Linux, each serial ports has two device
2072 names, the primary or callin device and the alternate or callout one.
2073 Each kind of device is indicated by a different letter. For any
2074 letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#,
2075 respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC#
2076 correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#. In the future, it should be
2077 expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper
2078 case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the
2079 "cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#).
2081 The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use.
2083 The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat
2084 different defaults than the primary devices. Their main purpose is to
2085 allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken
2086 support for serial ports. Their use is deprecated, and they may be
2087 removed from a future version of Linux.
2089 Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with
2090 the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#. The contents of the lock file should
2091 be the PID of the locking process as an ASCII number.
2093 It is common practice to install links such as /dev/modem
2094 which point to serial ports. In order to ensure proper locking in the
2095 presence of these links, it is recommended that software chase
2096 symlinks and lock all possible names; additionally, it is recommended
2097 that a lock file be installed with the corresponding alternate
2098 device. In order to avoid deadlocks, it is recommended that the locks
2099 are acquired in the following order, and released in the reverse:
2101 1. The symbolic link name, if any (/var/lock/LCK..modem)
2102 2. The "tty" name (/var/lock/LCK..ttyS2)
2103 3. The alternate device name (/var/lock/LCK..cua2)
2105 In the case of nested symbolic links, the lock files should be
2106 installed in the order the symlinks are resolved.
2108 Under no circumstances should an application hold a lock while waiting
2109 for another to be released. In addition, applications which attempt
2110 to create lock files for the corresponding alternate device names
2111 should take into account the possibility of being used on a non-serial
2112 port TTY, for which no alternate device would exist.
2114 Pseudoterminals (PTYs)
2116 Pseudoterminals, or PTYs, are used to create login sessions or provide
2117 other capabilities requiring a TTY line dicipline (including SLIP or
2118 PPP capability) to arbitrary data-generation processes. Each PTY has
2119 a master side, named /dev/pty[p-za-e][0-9a-f], and a slave side, named
2120 /dev/tty[p-za-e][0-9a-f]. The kernel arbitrates the use of PTYs by
2121 allowing each master side to be opened only once.
2123 Once the master side has been opened, the corresponding slave device
2124 can be used in the same manner as any TTY device. The master and
2125 slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent
2126 of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities.
2128 Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for
2129 the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common
2130 device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically
2131 give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts,
2132 for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/#
2133 in our notation). This removes the problem of exhausting the
2134 namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device
2135 nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem.