src/pathchk.c

   1 /* pathchk -- check whether file names are valid or portable
   2    Copyright (C) 1991-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   3
   4    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   5    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   6    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   7    (at your option) any later version.
   8
   9    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  12    GNU General Public License for more details.
  13
  14    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  15    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
  16
  17 #include <config.h>
  18 #include <stdio.h>
  19 #include <getopt.h>
  20 #include <sys/types.h>
  21 #if HAVE_WCHAR_H
  22 # include <wchar.h>
  23 #endif
  24
  25 #include "system.h"
  26 #include "error.h"
  27 #include "quote.h"
  28 #include "quotearg.h"
  29
  30 #if ! (HAVE_MBRLEN && HAVE_MBSTATE_T)
  31 # define mbrlen(s, n, ps) 1
  32 # define mbstate_t int
  33 #endif
  34
  35 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix).  */
  36 #define PROGRAM_NAME "pathchk"
  37
  38 #define AUTHORS \
  39   proper_name ("Paul Eggert"), \
  40   proper_name ("David MacKenzie"), \
  41   proper_name ("Jim Meyering")
  42
  43 #ifndef _POSIX_PATH_MAX
  44 # define _POSIX_PATH_MAX 256
  45 #endif
  46 #ifndef _POSIX_NAME_MAX
  47 # define _POSIX_NAME_MAX 14
  48 #endif
  49
  50 #ifdef _XOPEN_NAME_MAX
  51 # define NAME_MAX_MINIMUM _XOPEN_NAME_MAX
  52 #else
  53 # define NAME_MAX_MINIMUM _POSIX_NAME_MAX
  54 #endif
  55 #ifdef _XOPEN_PATH_MAX
  56 # define PATH_MAX_MINIMUM _XOPEN_PATH_MAX
  57 #else
  58 # define PATH_MAX_MINIMUM _POSIX_PATH_MAX
  59 #endif
  60
  61 #if ! (HAVE_PATHCONF && defined _PC_NAME_MAX && defined _PC_PATH_MAX)
  62 # ifndef _PC_NAME_MAX
  63 #  define _PC_NAME_MAX 0
  64 #  define _PC_PATH_MAX 1
  65 # endif
  66 # ifndef pathconf
  67 #  define pathconf(file, flag) \
  68      (flag == _PC_NAME_MAX ? NAME_MAX_MINIMUM : PATH_MAX_MINIMUM)
  69 # endif
  70 #endif
  71
  72 static bool validate_file_name (char *, bool, bool);
  73
  74 /* For long options that have no equivalent short option, use a
  75    non-character as a pseudo short option, starting with CHAR_MAX + 1.  */
  76 enum
  77 {
  78   PORTABILITY_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1
  79 };
  80
  81 static struct option const longopts[] =
  82 {
  83   {"portability", no_argument, NULL, PORTABILITY_OPTION},
  84   {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
  85   {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
  86   {NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
  87 };
  88
  89 void
  90 usage (int status)
  91 {
  92   if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
  93     fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
  94              program_name);
  95   else
  96     {
  97       printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... NAME...\n"), program_name);
  98       fputs (_("\
  99 Diagnose unportable constructs in NAME.\n\
 100 \n\
 101   -p                  check for most POSIX systems\n\
 102   -P                  check for empty names and leading \"-\"\n\
 103       --portability   check for all POSIX systems (equivalent to -p -P)\n\
 104 "), stdout);
 105       fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
 106       fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
 107       emit_bug_reporting_address ();
 108     }
 109   exit (status);
 110 }
 111
 112 int
 113 main (int argc, char **argv)
 114 {
 115   bool ok = true;
 116   bool check_basic_portability = false;
 117   bool check_extra_portability = false;
 118   int optc;
 119
 120   initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
 121   set_program_name (argv[0]);
 122   setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
 123   bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
 124   textdomain (PACKAGE);
 125
 126   atexit (close_stdout);
 127
 128   while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+pP", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
 129     {
 130       switch (optc)
 131         {
 132         case PORTABILITY_OPTION:
 133           check_basic_portability = true;
 134           check_extra_portability = true;
 135           break;
 136
 137         case 'p':
 138           check_basic_portability = true;
 139           break;
 140
 141         case 'P':
 142           check_extra_portability = true;
 143           break;
 144
 145         case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
 146
 147         case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
 148
 149         default:
 150           usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
 151         }
 152     }
 153
 154   if (optind == argc)
 155     {
 156       error (0, 0, _("missing operand"));
 157       usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
 158     }
 159
 160   for (; optind < argc; ++optind)
 161     ok &= validate_file_name (argv[optind],
 162                               check_basic_portability, check_extra_portability);
 163
 164   exit (ok ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
 165 }
 166
 167 /* If FILE contains a component with a leading "-", report an error
 168    and return false; otherwise, return true.  */
 169
 170 static bool
 171 no_leading_hyphen (char const *file)
 172 {
 173   char const *p;
 174
 175   for (p = file;  (p = strchr (p, '-'));  p++)
 176     if (p == file || p[-1] == '/')
 177       {
 178         error (0, 0, _("leading `-' in a component of file name %s"),
 179                quote (file));
 180         return false;
 181       }
 182
 183   return true;
 184 }
 185
 186 /* If FILE (of length FILELEN) contains only portable characters,
 187    return true, else report an error and return false.  */
 188
 189 static bool
 190 portable_chars_only (char const *file, size_t filelen)
 191 {
 192   size_t validlen = strspn (file,
 193                             ("/"
 194                              "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
 195                              "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
 196                              "0123456789._-"));
 197   char const *invalid = file + validlen;
 198
 199   if (*invalid)
 200     {
 201       mbstate_t mbstate = { 0, };
 202       size_t charlen = mbrlen (invalid, filelen - validlen, &mbstate);
 203       error (0, 0,
 204              _("nonportable character %s in file name %s"),
 205              quotearg_n_style_mem (1, locale_quoting_style, invalid,
 206                                    (charlen <= MB_LEN_MAX ? charlen : 1)),
 207              quote_n (0, file));
 208       return false;
 209     }
 210
 211   return true;
 212 }
 213
 214 /* Return the address of the start of the next file name component in F.  */
 215
 216 static char *
 217 component_start (char *f)
 218 {
 219   while (*f == '/')
 220     f++;
 221   return f;
 222 }
 223
 224 /* Return the size of the file name component F.  F must be nonempty.  */
 225
 226 static size_t
 227 component_len (char const *f)
 228 {
 229   size_t len;
 230   for (len = 1; f[len] != '/' && f[len]; len++)
 231     continue;
 232   return len;
 233 }
 234
 235 /* Make sure that
 236    strlen (FILE) <= PATH_MAX
 237    && strlen (each-existing-directory-in-FILE) <= NAME_MAX
 238
 239    If CHECK_BASIC_PORTABILITY is true, compare against _POSIX_PATH_MAX and
 240    _POSIX_NAME_MAX instead, and make sure that FILE contains no
 241    characters not in the POSIX portable filename character set, which
 242    consists of A-Z, a-z, 0-9, ., _, - (plus / for separators).
 243
 244    If CHECK_BASIC_PORTABILITY is false, make sure that all leading directories
 245    along FILE that exist are searchable.
 246
 247    If CHECK_EXTRA_PORTABILITY is true, check that file name components do not
 248    begin with "-".
 249
 250    If either CHECK_BASIC_PORTABILITY or CHECK_EXTRA_PORTABILITY is true,
 251    check that the file name is not empty.
 252
 253    Return true if all of these tests are successful, false if any fail.  */
 254
 255 static bool
 256 validate_file_name (char *file, bool check_basic_portability,
 257                     bool check_extra_portability)
 258 {
 259   size_t filelen = strlen (file);
 260
 261   /* Start of file name component being checked.  */
 262   char *start;
 263
 264   /* True if component lengths need to be checked.  */
 265   bool check_component_lengths;
 266
 267   /* True if the file is known to exist.  */
 268   bool file_exists = false;
 269
 270   if (check_extra_portability && ! no_leading_hyphen (file))
 271     return false;
 272
 273   if ((check_basic_portability | check_extra_portability)
 274       && filelen == 0)
 275     {
 276       /* Fail, since empty names are not portable.  As of
 277          2005-01-06 POSIX does not address whether "pathchk -p ''"
 278          should (or is allowed to) fail, so this is not a
 279          conformance violation.  */
 280       error (0, 0, _("empty file name"));
 281       return false;
 282     }
 283
 284   if (check_basic_portability)
 285     {
 286       if (! portable_chars_only (file, filelen))
 287         return false;
 288     }
 289   else
 290     {
 291       /* Check whether a file name component is in a directory that
 292          is not searchable, or has some other serious problem.
 293          POSIX does not allow "" as a file name, but some non-POSIX
 294          hosts do (as an alias for "."), so allow "" if lstat does.  */
 295
 296       struct stat st;
 297       if (lstat (file, &st) == 0)
 298         file_exists = true;
 299       else if (errno != ENOENT || filelen == 0)
 300         {
 301           error (0, errno, "%s", file);
 302           return false;
 303         }
 304     }
 305
 306   if (check_basic_portability
 307       || (! file_exists && PATH_MAX_MINIMUM <= filelen))
 308     {
 309       size_t maxsize;
 310
 311       if (check_basic_portability)
 312         maxsize = _POSIX_PATH_MAX;
 313       else
 314         {
 315           long int size;
 316           char const *dir = (*file == '/' ? "/" : ".");
 317           errno = 0;
 318           size = pathconf (dir, _PC_PATH_MAX);
 319           if (size < 0 && errno != 0)
 320             {
 321               error (0, errno,
 322                      _("%s: unable to determine maximum file name length"),
 323                      dir);
 324               return false;
 325             }
 326           maxsize = MIN (size, SIZE_MAX);
 327         }
 328
 329       if (maxsize <= filelen)
 330         {
 331           unsigned long int len = filelen;
 332           unsigned long int maxlen = maxsize - 1;
 333           error (0, 0, _("limit %lu exceeded by length %lu of file name %s"),
 334                  maxlen, len, quote (file));
 335           return false;
 336         }
 337     }
 338
 339   /* Check whether pathconf (..., _PC_NAME_MAX) can be avoided, i.e.,
 340      whether all file name components are so short that they are valid
 341      in any file system on this platform.  If CHECK_BASIC_PORTABILITY, though,
 342      it's more convenient to check component lengths below.  */
 343
 344   check_component_lengths = check_basic_portability;
 345   if (! check_component_lengths && ! file_exists)
 346     {
 347       for (start = file; *(start = component_start (start)); )
 348         {
 349           size_t length = component_len (start);
 350
 351           if (NAME_MAX_MINIMUM < length)
 352             {
 353               check_component_lengths = true;
 354               break;
 355             }
 356
 357           start += length;
 358         }
 359     }
 360
 361   if (check_component_lengths)
 362     {
 363       /* The limit on file name components for the current component.
 364          This defaults to NAME_MAX_MINIMUM, for the sake of non-POSIX
 365          systems (NFS, say?) where pathconf fails on "." or "/" with
 366          errno == ENOENT.  */
 367       size_t name_max = NAME_MAX_MINIMUM;
 368
 369       /* If nonzero, the known limit on file name components.  */
 370       size_t known_name_max = (check_basic_portability ? _POSIX_NAME_MAX : 0);
 371
 372       for (start = file; *(start = component_start (start)); )
 373         {
 374           size_t length;
 375
 376           if (known_name_max)
 377             name_max = known_name_max;
 378           else
 379             {
 380               long int len;
 381               char const *dir = (start == file ? "." : file);
 382               char c = *start;
 383               errno = 0;
 384               *start = '\0';
 385               len = pathconf (dir, _PC_NAME_MAX);
 386               *start = c;
 387               if (0 <= len)
 388                 name_max = MIN (len, SIZE_MAX);
 389               else
 390                 switch (errno)
 391                   {
 392                   case 0:
 393                     /* There is no limit.  */
 394                     name_max = SIZE_MAX;
 395                     break;
 396
 397                   case ENOENT:
 398                     /* DIR does not exist; use its parent's maximum.  */
 399                     known_name_max = name_max;
 400                     break;
 401
 402                   default:
 403                     *start = '\0';
 404                     error (0, errno, "%s", dir);
 405                     *start = c;
 406                     return false;
 407                   }
 408             }
 409
 410           length = component_len (start);
 411
 412           if (name_max < length)
 413             {
 414               unsigned long int len = length;
 415               unsigned long int maxlen = name_max;
 416               char c = start[len];
 417               start[len] = '\0';
 418               error (0, 0,
 419                      _("limit %lu exceeded by length %lu "
 420                        "of file name component %s"),
 421                      maxlen, len, quote (start));
 422               start[len] = c;
 423               return false;
 424             }
 425
 426           start += length;
 427         }
 428     }
 429
 430   return true;
 431 }