src/tee.c

   1 /* tee - read from standard input and write to standard output and files.
   2    Copyright (C) 1985-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   3
   4    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   5    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   6    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   7    (at your option) any later version.
   8
   9    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  12    GNU General Public License for more details.
  13
  14    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  15    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
  16
  17 /* Mike Parker, Richard M. Stallman, and David MacKenzie */
  18
  19 #include <config.h>
  20 #include <sys/types.h>
  21 #include <signal.h>
  22 #include <getopt.h>
  23
  24 #include "system.h"
  25 #include "argmatch.h"
  26 #include "die.h"
  27 #include "error.h"
  28 #include "fadvise.h"
  29 #include "stdio--.h"
  30 #include "xbinary-io.h"
  31 #include "iopoll.h"
  32
  33 /* The official name of this program (e.g., no 'g' prefix).  */
  34 #define PROGRAM_NAME "tee"
  35
  36 #define AUTHORS \
  37   proper_name ("Mike Parker"), \
  38   proper_name ("Richard M. Stallman"), \
  39   proper_name ("David MacKenzie")
  40
  41 static bool tee_files (int nfiles, char **files, bool);
  42
  43 /* If true, append to output files rather than truncating them. */
  44 static bool append;
  45
  46 /* If true, ignore interrupts. */
  47 static bool ignore_interrupts;
  48
  49 enum output_error
  50   {
  51     output_error_sigpipe,      /* traditional behavior, sigpipe enabled.  */
  52     output_error_warn,         /* warn on EPIPE, but continue.  */
  53     output_error_warn_nopipe,  /* ignore EPIPE, continue.  */
  54     output_error_exit,         /* exit on any output error.  */
  55     output_error_exit_nopipe   /* exit on any output error except EPIPE.  */
  56   };
  57
  58 static enum output_error output_error;
  59
  60 static struct option const long_options[] =
  61 {
  62   {"append", no_argument, NULL, 'a'},
  63   {"ignore-interrupts", no_argument, NULL, 'i'},
  64   {"output-error", optional_argument, NULL, 'p'},
  65   {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
  66   {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
  67   {NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
  68 };
  69
  70 static char const *const output_error_args[] =
  71 {
  72   "warn", "warn-nopipe", "exit", "exit-nopipe", NULL
  73 };
  74 static enum output_error const output_error_types[] =
  75 {
  76   output_error_warn, output_error_warn_nopipe,
  77   output_error_exit, output_error_exit_nopipe
  78 };
  79 ARGMATCH_VERIFY (output_error_args, output_error_types);
  80
  81 void
  82 usage (int status)
  83 {
  84   if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
  85     emit_try_help ();
  86   else
  87     {
  88       printf (_("Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n"), program_name);
  89       fputs (_("\
  90 Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output.\n\
  91 \n\
  92   -a, --append              append to the given FILEs, do not overwrite\n\
  93   -i, --ignore-interrupts   ignore interrupt signals\n\
  94 "), stdout);
  95       fputs (_("\
  96   -p                        operate in a more appropriate MODE with pipes.\n\
  97       --output-error[=MODE]   set behavior on write error.  See MODE below\n\
  98 "), stdout);
  99       fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
 100       fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
 101       fputs (_("\
 102 \n\
 103 MODE determines behavior with write errors on the outputs:\n\
 104   warn           diagnose errors writing to any output\n\
 105   warn-nopipe    diagnose errors writing to any output not a pipe\n\
 106   exit           exit on error writing to any output\n\
 107   exit-nopipe    exit on error writing to any output not a pipe\n\
 108 The default MODE for the -p option is 'warn-nopipe'.\n\
 109 With \"nopipe\" MODEs, exit immediately if all outputs become broken pipes.\n\
 110 The default operation when --output-error is not specified, is to\n\
 111 exit immediately on error writing to a pipe, and diagnose errors\n\
 112 writing to non pipe outputs.\n\
 113 "), stdout);
 114       emit_ancillary_info (PROGRAM_NAME);
 115     }
 116   exit (status);
 117 }
 118
 119 int
 120 main (int argc, char **argv)
 121 {
 122   initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
 123   set_program_name (argv[0]);
 124   setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
 125   bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
 126   textdomain (PACKAGE);
 127
 128   atexit (close_stdout);
 129
 130   append = false;
 131   ignore_interrupts = false;
 132
 133   int optc;
 134   while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "aip", long_options, NULL)) != -1)
 135     {
 136       switch (optc)
 137         {
 138         case 'a':
 139           append = true;
 140           break;
 141
 142         case 'i':
 143           ignore_interrupts = true;
 144           break;
 145
 146         case 'p':
 147           if (optarg)
 148             output_error = XARGMATCH ("--output-error", optarg,
 149                                       output_error_args, output_error_types);
 150           else
 151             output_error = output_error_warn_nopipe;
 152           break;
 153
 154         case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
 155
 156         case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
 157
 158         default:
 159           usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
 160         }
 161     }
 162
 163   if (ignore_interrupts)
 164     signal (SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
 165
 166   if (output_error != output_error_sigpipe)
 167     signal (SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 168
 169   /* Whether to detect and close a broken pipe output.
 170      There is no need if the input is always ready for reading.  */
 171   bool pipe_check = ((output_error == output_error_warn_nopipe
 172                       || output_error == output_error_exit_nopipe)
 173                      && iopoll_input_ok (STDIN_FILENO));
 174
 175   /* Do *not* warn if tee is given no file arguments.
 176      POSIX requires that it work when given no arguments.  */
 177
 178   bool ok = tee_files (argc - optind, &argv[optind], pipe_check);
 179   if (close (STDIN_FILENO) != 0)
 180     die (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, "%s", _("standard input"));
 181
 182   return ok ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
 183 }
 184
 185
 186 /* Return the index of the first non-NULL descriptor after idx,
 187    or -1 if all are NULL.  */
 188
 189 static int
 190 get_next_out (FILE **descriptors, int nfiles, int idx)
 191 {
 192   for (idx++; idx <= nfiles; idx++)
 193     if (descriptors[idx])
 194       return idx;
 195   return -1;  /* no outputs remaining */
 196 }
 197
 198 /* Remove descriptors[i] due to write failure or broken pipe.
 199    Return true if this indicates a reportable error.  */
 200
 201 static bool
 202 fail_output (FILE **descriptors, char **files, int i)
 203 {
 204   int w_errno = errno;
 205   bool fail = errno != EPIPE
 206               || output_error == output_error_exit
 207               || output_error == output_error_warn;
 208   if (descriptors[i] == stdout)
 209     clearerr (stdout); /* Avoid redundant close_stdout diagnostic.  */
 210   if (fail)
 211     {
 212       error (output_error == output_error_exit
 213              || output_error == output_error_exit_nopipe,
 214              w_errno, "%s", quotef (files[i]));
 215     }
 216   descriptors[i] = NULL;
 217   return fail;
 218 }
 219
 220
 221 /* Copy the standard input into each of the NFILES files in FILES
 222    and into the standard output.  As a side effect, modify FILES[-1].
 223    Return true if successful.  */
 224
 225 static bool
 226 tee_files (int nfiles, char **files, bool pipe_check)
 227 {
 228   size_t n_outputs = 0;
 229   FILE **descriptors;
 230   bool *out_pollable;
 231   char buffer[BUFSIZ];
 232   ssize_t bytes_read = 0;
 233   int i;
 234   int first_out = 0;  /* idx of first non-NULL output in descriptors */
 235   bool ok = true;
 236   char const *mode_string =
 237     (O_BINARY
 238      ? (append ? "ab" : "wb")
 239      : (append ? "a" : "w"));
 240
 241   xset_binary_mode (STDIN_FILENO, O_BINARY);
 242   xset_binary_mode (STDOUT_FILENO, O_BINARY);
 243   fadvise (stdin, FADVISE_SEQUENTIAL);
 244
 245   /* Set up FILES[0 .. NFILES] and DESCRIPTORS[0 .. NFILES].
 246      In both arrays, entry 0 corresponds to standard output.  */
 247
 248   descriptors = xnmalloc (nfiles + 1, sizeof *descriptors);
 249   if (pipe_check)
 250     out_pollable = xnmalloc (nfiles + 1, sizeof *out_pollable);
 251   files--;
 252   descriptors[0] = stdout;
 253   if (pipe_check)
 254     out_pollable[0] = iopoll_output_ok (fileno (descriptors[0]));
 255   files[0] = bad_cast (_("standard output"));
 256   setvbuf (stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
 257   n_outputs++;
 258
 259   for (i = 1; i <= nfiles; i++)
 260     {
 261       /* Do not treat "-" specially - as mandated by POSIX.  */
 262       descriptors[i] = fopen (files[i], mode_string);
 263       if (pipe_check)
 264         out_pollable[i] = iopoll_output_ok (fileno (descriptors[i]));
 265       if (descriptors[i] == NULL)
 266         {
 267           error (output_error == output_error_exit
 268                  || output_error == output_error_exit_nopipe,
 269                  errno, "%s", quotef (files[i]));
 270           ok = false;
 271         }
 272       else
 273         {
 274           setvbuf (descriptors[i], NULL, _IONBF, 0);
 275           n_outputs++;
 276         }
 277     }
 278
 279   while (n_outputs)
 280     {
 281       if (pipe_check && out_pollable[first_out])
 282         {
 283           /* Monitor for input, or errors on first valid output.  */
 284           int err = iopoll (STDIN_FILENO, fileno (descriptors[first_out]),
 285                             true);
 286
 287           /* Close the output if it became a broken pipe.  */
 288           if (err == IOPOLL_BROKEN_OUTPUT)
 289             {
 290               errno = EPIPE;  /* behave like write produced EPIPE */
 291               if (fail_output (descriptors, files, first_out))
 292                 ok = false;
 293               n_outputs--;
 294               first_out = get_next_out (descriptors, nfiles, first_out);
 295               continue;
 296             }
 297           else if (err == IOPOLL_ERROR)
 298             {
 299               error (0, errno, _("iopoll error"));
 300               ok = false;
 301             }
 302         }
 303
 304       bytes_read = read (STDIN_FILENO, buffer, sizeof buffer);
 305       if (bytes_read < 0 && errno == EINTR)
 306         continue;
 307       if (bytes_read <= 0)
 308         break;
 309
 310       /* Write to all NFILES + 1 descriptors.
 311          Standard output is the first one.  */
 312       for (i = 0; i <= nfiles; i++)
 313         if (descriptors[i]
 314             && fwrite (buffer, bytes_read, 1, descriptors[i]) != 1)
 315           {
 316             if (fail_output (descriptors, files, i))
 317               ok = false;
 318             n_outputs--;
 319             if (i == first_out)
 320               first_out = get_next_out (descriptors, nfiles, first_out);
 321           }
 322     }
 323
 324   if (bytes_read == -1)
 325     {
 326       error (0, errno, _("read error"));
 327       ok = false;
 328     }
 329
 330   /* Close the files, but not standard output.  */
 331   for (i = 1; i <= nfiles; i++)
 332     if (descriptors[i] && fclose (descriptors[i]) != 0)
 333       {
 334         error (0, errno, "%s", quotef (files[i]));
 335         ok = false;
 336       }
 337
 338   free (descriptors);
 339   if (pipe_check)
 340     free (out_pollable);
 341
 342   return ok;
 343 }