man/help2man

   1 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
   2
   3 # Generate a short man page from --help and --version output.
   4 # Copyright (C) 1997-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   5
   6 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   7 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   8 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   9 # (at your option) any later version.
  10
  11 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  12 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  13 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  14 # GNU General Public License for more details.
  15
  16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  17 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  18
  19 # Written by Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>
  20 # Available from ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/help2man/
  21
  22 use 5.005;
  23 use strict;
  24 use Getopt::Long;
  25 use Text::Tabs qw(expand);
  26 use POSIX qw(strftime setlocale LC_ALL);
  27 use locale;
  28
  29 my $this_program = 'help2man';
  30 my $this_version = '1.35';
  31
  32 my $have_gettext;
  33 BEGIN {
  34     eval {
  35         require Locale::gettext;
  36         Locale::gettext->import (qw(gettext textdomain));
  37         $have_gettext = 1;
  38     };
  39
  40     unless ($have_gettext)
  41     {
  42         *gettext = sub { $_[0] };
  43         *textdomain = sub {};
  44     }
  45 }
  46
  47 sub _ { gettext @_ }
  48 sub N_ { $_[0] }
  49
  50 textdomain $this_program;
  51 {
  52     my ($user_locale) = grep defined && length,
  53         (map $ENV{$_}, qw(LANGUAGE LC_ALL LC_MESSAGES LANG)), 'C';
  54
  55     sub kark # die with message formatted in the invoking user's locale
  56     {
  57         setlocale LC_ALL, $user_locale;
  58         my $fmt = gettext shift;
  59         die +(sprintf $fmt, @_), "\n";
  60     }
  61 }
  62
  63 my $version_info = sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $this_program, $this_version;
  64 GNU %s %s
  65
  66 Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software
  67 Foundation, Inc.
  68 This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
  69 warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
  70
  71 Written by Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>
  72 EOT
  73
  74 my $help_info = sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $this_program, $this_program;
  75 '%s' generates a man page out of '--help' and '--version' output.
  76
  77 Usage: %s [OPTION]... EXECUTABLE
  78
  79  -n, --name=STRING       description for the NAME paragraph
  80  -s, --section=SECTION   section number for manual page (1, 6, 8)
  81  -m, --manual=TEXT       name of manual (User Commands, ...)
  82  -S, --source=TEXT       source of program (FSF, Debian, ...)
  83  -L, --locale=STRING     select locale (default "C")
  84  -i, --include=FILE      include material from 'FILE'
  85  -I, --opt-include=FILE  include material from 'FILE' if it exists
  86  -o, --output=FILE       send output to 'FILE'
  87  -p, --info-page=TEXT    name of Texinfo manual
  88  -N, --no-info           suppress pointer to Texinfo manual
  89      --help              print this help, then exit
  90      --version           print version number, then exit
  91
  92 EXECUTABLE should accept '--help' and '--version' options although
  93 alternatives may be specified using:
  94
  95  -h, --help-option=STRING     help option string
  96  -v, --version-option=STRING  version option string
  97
  98 Report bugs to <bug-help2man@gnu.org>.
  99 EOT
 100
 101 my $section = 1;
 102 my $manual = '';
 103 my $source = '';
 104 my $locale = 'C';
 105 my $help_option = '--help';
 106 my $version_option = '--version';
 107 my ($opt_name, @opt_include, $opt_output, $opt_info, $opt_no_info);
 108
 109 my %opt_def = (
 110     'n|name=s'           => \$opt_name,
 111     's|section=s'        => \$section,
 112     'm|manual=s'         => \$manual,
 113     'S|source=s'         => \$source,
 114     'L|locale=s'         => \$locale,
 115     'i|include=s'        => sub { push @opt_include, [ pop, 1 ] },
 116     'I|opt-include=s'    => sub { push @opt_include, [ pop, 0 ] },
 117     'o|output=s'         => \$opt_output,
 118     'p|info-page=s'      => \$opt_info,
 119     'N|no-info'          => \$opt_no_info,
 120     'h|help-option=s'    => \$help_option,
 121     'v|version-option=s' => \$version_option,
 122 );
 123
 124 # Parse options.
 125 Getopt::Long::config('bundling');
 126 GetOptions (%opt_def,
 127     help    => sub { print $help_info; exit },
 128     version => sub { print $version_info; exit },
 129 ) or die $help_info;
 130
 131 die $help_info unless @ARGV == 1;
 132
 133 die "$this_program: no locale support (Locale::gettext required)\n"
 134     unless $locale eq 'C' or $have_gettext;
 135
 136 # Set localization of date and executable's output.
 137 delete @ENV{qw(LANGUAGE LC_MESSAGES LANG)};
 138 setlocale LC_ALL, $ENV{LC_ALL} = $locale;
 139
 140 my %include = ();
 141 my %append = ();
 142 my @include = (); # retain order given in include file
 143
 144 # Process include file (if given).  Format is:
 145 #
 146 #   [section name]
 147 #   verbatim text
 148 #
 149 # or
 150 #
 151 #   /pattern/
 152 #   verbatim text
 153 #
 154
 155 while (@opt_include)
 156 {
 157     my ($inc, $required) = @{shift @opt_include};
 158
 159     next unless -f $inc or $required;
 160     kark N_("%s: can't open '%s' (%s)"), $this_program, $inc, $!
 161         unless open INC, $inc;
 162
 163     my $key;
 164     my $hash = \%include;
 165
 166     while (<INC>)
 167     {
 168         # [section]
 169         if (/^\[([^]]+)\]/)
 170         {
 171             $key = uc $1;
 172             $key =~ s/^\s+//;
 173             $key =~ s/\s+$//;
 174             $hash = \%include;
 175             push @include, $key unless $include{$key};
 176             next;
 177         }
 178
 179         # /pattern/
 180         if (m!^/(.*)/([ims]*)!)
 181         {
 182             my $pat = $2 ? "(?$2)$1" : $1;
 183
 184             # Check pattern.
 185             eval { $key = qr($pat) };
 186             if ($@)
 187             {
 188                 $@ =~ s/ at .*? line \d.*//;
 189                 die "$inc:$.:$@";
 190             }
 191
 192             $hash = \%append;
 193             next;
 194         }
 195
 196         # Check for options before the first section--anything else is
 197         # silently ignored, allowing the first for comments and
 198         # revision info.
 199         unless ($key)
 200         {
 201             # handle options
 202             if (/^-/)
 203             {
 204                 local @ARGV = split;
 205                 GetOptions %opt_def;
 206             }
 207
 208             next;
 209         }
 210
 211         $hash->{$key} ||= '';
 212         $hash->{$key} .= $_;
 213     }
 214
 215     close INC;
 216
 217     kark N_("%s: no valid information found in '%s'"), $this_program, $inc
 218         unless $key;
 219 }
 220
 221 # Compress trailing blank lines.
 222 for my $hash (\(%include, %append))
 223 {
 224     for (keys %$hash) { $hash->{$_} =~ s/\n+$/\n/ }
 225 }
 226
 227 # Grab help and version info from executable.
 228 my ($help_text, $version_text) = map {
 229     join '', map { s/ +$//; expand $_ } `$ARGV[0] $_ 2>/dev/null`
 230         or kark N_("%s: can't get '%s' info from %s"), $this_program,
 231             $_, $ARGV[0]
 232 } $help_option, $version_option;
 233
 234 my $date = strftime "%B %Y", localtime;
 235 (my $program = $ARGV[0]) =~ s!.*/!!;
 236 my $package = $program;
 237 my $version;
 238
 239 if ($opt_output)
 240 {
 241     unlink $opt_output or kark N_("%s: can't unlink %s (%s)"),
 242         $this_program, $opt_output, $! if -e $opt_output;
 243
 244     open STDOUT, ">$opt_output"
 245         or kark N_("%s: can't create %s (%s)"), $this_program, $opt_output, $!;
 246 }
 247
 248 # The first line of the --version information is assumed to be in one
 249 # of the following formats:
 250 #
 251 #   <version>
 252 #   <program> <version>
 253 #   {GNU,Free} <program> <version>
 254 #   <program> ({GNU,Free} <package>) <version>
 255 #   <program> - {GNU,Free} <package> <version>
 256 #
 257 # and separated from any copyright/author details by a blank line.
 258
 259 ($_, $version_text) = split /\n+/, $version_text, 2;
 260
 261 if (/^(\S+) +\(((?:GNU|Free) +[^)]+)\) +(.*)/ or
 262     /^(\S+) +- *((?:GNU|Free) +\S+) +(.*)/)
 263 {
 264     $program = $1;
 265     $package = $2;
 266     $version = $3;
 267 }
 268 elsif (/^((?:GNU|Free) +)?(\S+) +(.*)/)
 269 {
 270     $program = $2;
 271     $package = $1 ? "$1$2" : $2;
 272     $version = $3;
 273 }
 274 else
 275 {
 276     $version = $_;
 277 }
 278
 279 $program =~ s!.*/!!;
 280
 281 # No info for 'info' itself.
 282 $opt_no_info = 1 if $program eq 'info';
 283
 284 for ($include{_('NAME')})
 285 {
 286     if ($opt_name) # --name overrides --include contents.
 287     {
 288         $_ = "$program \\- $opt_name\n";
 289     }
 290     elsif ($_) # Use first name given as $program
 291     {
 292         $program = $1 if /^([^\s,]+)(?:,?\s*[^\s,\\-]+)*\s+\\?-/;
 293     }
 294     else # Set a default (useless) NAME paragraph.
 295     {
 296         $_ = sprintf _("%s \\- manual page for %s %s") . "\n", $program,
 297             $program, $version;
 298     }
 299 }
 300
 301 # Man pages traditionally have the page title in caps.
 302 my $PROGRAM = uc $program;
 303
 304 # Set default page head/footers
 305 $source ||= "$program $version";
 306 unless ($manual)
 307 {
 308     for ($section)
 309     {
 310         if (/^(1[Mm]|8)/) { $manual = _('System Administration Utilities') }
 311         elsif (/^6/)      { $manual = _('Games') }
 312         else              { $manual = _('User Commands') }
 313     }
 314 }
 315
 316 # Extract usage clause(s) [if any] for SYNOPSIS.
 317 my $PAT_USAGE = _('Usage');
 318 my $PAT_USAGE_CONT = _('or');
 319 if ($help_text =~ s/^($PAT_USAGE):
 320                      ([ ]+(\S+))
 321                      (.*)
 322                      ((?:\n(?:[ ]{6}\1|[ ]*($PAT_USAGE_CONT):[ ]+\S).*)*)//omx)
 323 {
 324     my @syn = $3 . $4;
 325
 326     if ($_ = $5)
 327     {
 328         s/^\n//;
 329         for (split /\n/) { s/^ *(($PAT_USAGE_CONT): +)?//o; push @syn, $_ }
 330     }
 331
 332     my $synopsis = '';
 333     for (@syn)
 334     {
 335         $synopsis .= ".br\n" if $synopsis;
 336         s!^\S*/!!;
 337         s/^(\S+) *//;
 338         $synopsis .= ".B $1\n";
 339         s/\s+$//;
 340         s/(([][]|\.\.+)+)/\\fR$1\\fI/g;
 341         s/^/\\fI/ unless s/^\\fR//;
 342         $_ .= '\fR';
 343         s/(\\fI)( *)/$2$1/g;
 344         s/\\fI\\fR//g;
 345         s/^\\fR//;
 346         s/\\fI$//;
 347         s/^\./\\&./;
 348
 349         $synopsis .= "$_\n";
 350     }
 351
 352     $include{_('SYNOPSIS')} ||= $synopsis;
 353 }
 354
 355 # Process text, initial section is DESCRIPTION.
 356 my $sect = _('DESCRIPTION');
 357 $_ = "$help_text\n\n$version_text";
 358
 359 # Normalise paragraph breaks.
 360 s/^\n+//;
 361 s/\n*$/\n/;
 362 s/\n\n+/\n\n/g;
 363
 364 # Join hyphenated lines.
 365 s/([A-Za-z])-\n *([A-Za-z])/$1$2/g;
 366
 367 # Temporarily exchange leading dots, apostrophes and backslashes for
 368 # tokens.
 369 s/^\./\x80/mg;
 370 s/^'/\x81/mg;
 371 s/\\/\x82/g;
 372
 373 my $PAT_BUGS            = _('Report +(?:\w+ +)?bugs|Email +bug +reports +to');
 374 my $PAT_AUTHOR          = _('Written +by');
 375 my $PAT_OPTIONS         = _('Options');
 376 my $PAT_EXAMPLES        = _('Examples');
 377 my $PAT_FREE_SOFTWARE   = _('This +is +free +software');
 378 my $PAT_INFO            = _('For +complete +documentation');
 379
 380 # Start a new paragraph (if required) for these.
 381 s/([^\n])\n($PAT_BUGS|$PAT_AUTHOR)/$1\n\n$2/og;
 382
 383 sub convert_option;
 384
 385 while (length)
 386 {
 387     # Convert some standard paragraph names.
 388     if (s/^($PAT_OPTIONS): *\n//o)
 389     {
 390         $sect = _('OPTIONS');
 391         next;
 392     }
 393     elsif (s/^($PAT_EXAMPLES): *\n//o)
 394     {
 395         $sect = _('EXAMPLES');
 396         next;
 397     }
 398     # Skip any texinfo reference as that's handled separately
 399     if (s/($PAT_INFO).*\n//o)
 400     {
 401         next;
 402     }
 403
 404     # Copyright section
 405     if (/^Copyright +[(\xa9]/)
 406     {
 407         $sect = _('COPYRIGHT');
 408         $include{$sect} ||= '';
 409         $include{$sect} .= ".PP\n" if $include{$sect};
 410
 411         my $copy;
 412         ($copy, $_) = split /\n\n/, $_, 2;
 413
 414         for ($copy)
 415         {
 416             # Add back newline
 417             s/\n*$/\n/;
 418
 419             # Convert iso9959-1 copyright symbol or (c) to nroff
 420             # character.
 421             s/^Copyright +(?:\xa9|\([Cc]\))/Copyright \\(co/mg;
 422
 423             # Insert line breaks before additional copyright messages
 424             # and the disclaimer.
 425             s/(.)\n(Copyright |$PAT_FREE_SOFTWARE)/$1\n.br\n$2/og;
 426         }
 427
 428         $include{$sect} .= $copy;
 429         $_ ||= '';
 430         next;
 431     }
 432
 433     # Catch bug report text.
 434     if (/^($PAT_BUGS) /o)
 435     {
 436         $sect = _('REPORTING BUGS');
 437     }
 438
 439     # Author section.
 440     elsif (/^($PAT_AUTHOR)/o)
 441     {
 442         $sect = _('AUTHOR');
 443     }
 444
 445     # Examples, indicated by an indented leading $, % or > are
 446     # rendered in a constant width font.
 447     if (/^( +)([\$\%>] )\S/)
 448     {
 449         my $indent = $1;
 450         my $prefix = $2;
 451         my $break = '.IP';
 452         $include{$sect} ||= '';
 453         while (s/^$indent\Q$prefix\E(\S.*)\n*//)
 454         {
 455             $include{$sect} .= "$break\n\\f(CW$prefix$1\\fR\n";
 456             $break = '.br';
 457         }
 458
 459         next;
 460     }
 461
 462     my $matched = '';
 463     $include{$sect} ||= '';
 464
 465     # Sub-sections have a trailing colon and the second line indented.
 466     if (s/^(\S.*:) *\n / /)
 467     {
 468         $matched .= $& if %append;
 469         $include{$sect} .= qq(.SS "$1"\n);
 470     }
 471
 472     my $indent = 0;
 473     my $content = '';
 474
 475     # Option with description.
 476     if (s/^( {1,10}([+-]\S.*?))(?:(  +(?!-))|\n( {20,}))(\S.*)\n//)
 477     {
 478         $matched .= $& if %append;
 479         $indent = length ($4 || "$1$3");
 480         $content = ".TP\n\x84$2\n\x84$5\n";
 481         unless ($4)
 482         {
 483             # Indent may be different on second line.
 484             $indent = length $& if /^ {20,}/;
 485         }
 486     }
 487
 488     # Option without description.
 489     elsif (s/^ {1,10}([+-]\S.*)\n//)
 490     {
 491         $matched .= $& if %append;
 492         $content = ".HP\n\x84$1\n";
 493         $indent = 80; # not continued
 494     }
 495
 496     # Indented paragraph with tag.
 497     elsif (s/^( +(\S.*?)  +)(\S.*)\n//)
 498     {
 499         $matched .= $& if %append;
 500         $indent = length $1;
 501         $content = ".TP\n\x84$2\n\x84$3\n";
 502     }
 503
 504     # Indented paragraph.
 505     elsif (s/^( +)(\S.*)\n//)
 506     {
 507         $matched .= $& if %append;
 508         $indent = length $1;
 509         $content = ".IP\n\x84$2\n";
 510     }
 511
 512     # Left justified paragraph.
 513     else
 514     {
 515         s/(.*)\n//;
 516         $matched .= $& if %append;
 517         $content = ".PP\n" if $include{$sect};
 518         $content .= "$1\n";
 519     }
 520
 521     # Append continuations.
 522     while ($indent ? s/^ {$indent}(\S.*)\n// : s/^(\S.*)\n//)
 523     {
 524         $matched .= $& if %append;
 525         $content .= "\x84$1\n"
 526     }
 527
 528     # Move to next paragraph.
 529     s/^\n+//;
 530
 531     for ($content)
 532     {
 533         # Leading dot and apostrophe protection.
 534         s/\x84\./\x80/g;
 535         s/\x84'/\x81/g;
 536         s/\x84//g;
 537
 538         # Convert options.
 539         s/(^| |\()(-[][\w=-]+)/$1 . convert_option $2/mge;
 540
 541         # Escape remaining hyphens
 542         s/-/\x83/g;
 543     }
 544
 545     # Check if matched paragraph contains /pat/.
 546     if (%append)
 547     {
 548         for my $pat (keys %append)
 549         {
 550             if ($matched =~ $pat)
 551             {
 552                 $content .= ".PP\n" unless $append{$pat} =~ /^\./;
 553                 $content .= $append{$pat};
 554             }
 555         }
 556     }
 557
 558     $include{$sect} .= $content;
 559 }
 560
 561 # Refer to the real documentation.
 562 unless ($opt_no_info)
 563 {
 564     my $info_page = $opt_info || $program;
 565
 566     $sect = _('SEE ALSO');
 567     $include{$sect} ||= '';
 568     $include{$sect} .= ".PP\n" if $include{$sect};
 569     $include{$sect} .= sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $program, $program, $info_page;
 570 The full documentation for
 571 .B %s
 572 is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If the
 573 .B info
 574 and
 575 .B %s
 576 programs are properly installed at your site, the command
 577 .IP
 578 .B info coreutils \(aq%s invocation\(aq
 579 .PP
 580 should give you access to the complete manual.
 581 EOT
 582 }
 583
 584 # Output header.
 585 print <<EOT;
 586 .\\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by $this_program $this_version.
 587 .TH $PROGRAM "$section" "$date" "$source" "$manual"
 588 EOT
 589
 590 # Section ordering.
 591 my @pre = (_('NAME'), _('SYNOPSIS'), _('DESCRIPTION'), _('OPTIONS'),
 592     _('EXAMPLES'));
 593
 594 my @post = (_('AUTHOR'), _('REPORTING BUGS'), _('COPYRIGHT'), _('SEE ALSO'));
 595 my $filter = join '|', @pre, @post;
 596
 597 # Output content.
 598 for my $sect (@pre, (grep ! /^($filter)$/o, @include), @post)
 599 {
 600     if ($include{$sect})
 601     {
 602         my $lsect = gettext $sect;
 603         my $quote = $lsect =~ /\W/ ? '"' : '';
 604         print ".SH $quote$lsect$quote\n";
 605
 606         for ($include{$sect})
 607         {
 608             # Replace leading dot, apostrophe, backslash and hyphen
 609             # tokens.
 610             s/\x80/\\&./g;
 611             s/\x81/\\&'/g;
 612             s/\x82/\\e/g;
 613             s/\x83/\\-/g;
 614
 615             # Convert some latin1 chars to troff equivalents
 616             s/\xa0/\\ /g; # non-breaking space
 617
 618             $sect eq 'REPORTING BUGS'
 619                 and s/\n(.)/\n.br\n$1/g;
 620
 621             print;
 622         }
 623     }
 624 }
 625
 626 close STDOUT or kark N_("%s: error writing to %s (%s)"), $this_program,
 627     $opt_output || 'stdout', $!;
 628
 629 exit;
 630
 631 # Convert option dashes to \- to stop nroff from hyphenating 'em, and
 632 # embolden.  Option arguments get italicised.
 633 sub convert_option
 634 {
 635     local $_ = '\fB' . shift;
 636
 637     s/-/\x83/g;
 638     unless (s/\[=(.*)\]$/\\fR[=\\fI$1\\fR]/)
 639     {
 640         s/=(.)/\\fR=\\fI$1/;
 641         s/ (.)/ \\fI$1/;
 642         $_ .= '\fR';
 643     }
 644
 645     $_;
 646 }