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  38           <h3>License</h3>
  39           <p>
  40             Copyright &copy 2008 Bert Burgemeister
  41           <p>
  42           </p>
  43           Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
  44           document under the terms of the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a>,
  45           Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software
  46           Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts and
  47           no Back-Cover Texts.
  48           <p>
  49             &nbsp;
  50           <p>
  51             &nbsp;
  52           <p>
  53             &nbsp;
  54           <p>
  55             <h3><a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a></h3>
  56           <p>
  57             Version 1.2, November 2002
  58           </p>
  59
  60           <pre>Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002  Free Software Foundation, Inc.</pre>
  61           <pre>51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA</pre>
  62           <pre>Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies</pre>
  63           <pre>of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</pre>
  64
  65           <p>
  66             <h4>0. PREAMBLE</h4>
  67           </p>
  68
  69           <p>
  70             The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
  71             functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
  72             assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
  73             with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
  74             Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
  75             to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
  76             for modifications made by others.
  77           </p>
  78
  79           <p>
  80             This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
  81             works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.  It
  82             complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
  83             license designed for free software.
  84           </p>
  85
  86           <p>
  87             We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
  88             software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
  89             program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
  90             software does.  But this License is not limited to software manuals;
  91             it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
  92             whether it is published as a printed book.  We recommend this License
  93             principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
  94           </p>
  95
  96           <p>
  97             <h4>1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</h4>
  98           </p>
  99
 100           <p>
 101             This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
 102             contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
 103             distributed under the terms of this License.  Such a notice grants a
 104             world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
 105             work under the conditions stated herein.  The "Document", below,
 106             refers to any such manual or work.  Any member of the public is a
 107             licensee, and is addressed as "you".  You accept the license if you
 108             copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
 109             under copyright law.
 110           </p>
 111
 112           <p>
 113             A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
 114             Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
 115             modifications and/or translated into another language.
 116           </p>
 117
 118           <p>
 119             A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
 120             the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
 121             publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject
 122             (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly
 123             within that overall subject.  (Thus, if the Document is in part a
 124             textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
 125             mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of historical
 126             connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
 127             commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
 128             them.
 129           </p>
 130
 131           <p>
 132             The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
 133             are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
 134             that says that the Document is released under this License.  If a
 135             section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
 136             allowed to be designated as Invariant.  The Document may contain zero
 137             Invariant Sections.  If the Document does not identify any Invariant
 138             Sections then there are none.
 139           </p>
 140
 141           <p>
 142             The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
 143             as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
 144             the Document is released under this License.  A Front-Cover Text may
 145             be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
 146           </p>
 147
 148           <p>
 149             A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
 150             represented in a format whose specification is available to the
 151             general public, that is suitable for revising the document
 152             straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
 153             pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
 154             drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
 155             for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
 156             to text formatters.  A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
 157             format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
 158             or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
 159             An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
 160             of text.  A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
 161           </p>
 162
 163           <p>
 164             Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
 165             ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
 166             or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
 167             HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification.  Examples of
 168             transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG.  Opaque formats
 169             include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
 170             proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
 171             processing tools are not generally available, and the
 172             machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word
 173             processors for output purposes only.
 174           </p>
 175
 176           <p>
 177             The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
 178             plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
 179             this License requires to appear in the title page.  For works in
 180             formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
 181             the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
 182             preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
 183           </p>
 184
 185           <p>
 186             A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
 187             title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
 188             text that translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ stands for a
 189             specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements",
 190             "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".)  To "Preserve the Title"
 191             of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
 192             section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
 193           </p>
 194
 195           <p>
 196             The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
 197             states that this License applies to the Document.  These Warranty
 198             Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
 199             License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
 200             implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
 201             no effect on the meaning of this License.
 202           </p>
 203
 204           <p>
 205             <h4>2. VERBATIM COPYING</h4>
 206           </p>
 207
 208           <p>
 209             You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
 210             commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
 211             copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
 212             to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
 213             conditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You may not use
 214             technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
 215             copying of the copies you make or distribute.  However, you may accept
 216             compensation in exchange for copies.  If you distribute a large enough
 217             number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
 218           </p>
 219
 220           <p>
 221             You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
 222             you may publicly display copies.
 223           </p>
 224
 225           <p>
 226             <h4>3. COPYING IN QUANTITY</h4>
 227           </p>
 228
 229           <p>
 230             If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
 231             printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
 232             Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
 233             copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
 234             Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
 235             the back cover.  Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
 236             you as the publisher of these copies.  The front cover must present
 237             the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
 238             visible.  You may add other material on the covers in addition.
 239             Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
 240             the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
 241             as verbatim copying in other respects.
 242           </p>
 243
 244           <p>
 245             If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
 246             legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
 247             reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
 248             pages.
 249           </p>
 250
 251           <p>
 252             If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
 253             more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
 254             copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
 255             a computer-network location from which the general network-using
 256             public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
 257             a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
 258             If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
 259             when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
 260             that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
 261             location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
 262             Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
 263             edition to the public.
 264           </p>
 265
 266           <p>
 267             It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
 268             Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
 269             them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
 270           </p>
 271
 272           <p>
 273             <h4>4. MODIFICATIONS</h4>
 274           </p>
 275
 276           <p>
 277             You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
 278             the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
 279             the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
 280             Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
 281             and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
 282             of it.  In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
 283           </p>
 284
 285           <ul>
 286             <li><h4>A.</h4> Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
 287               from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
 288               (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
 289               of the Document).  You may use the same title as a previous version
 290               if the original publisher of that version gives permission.</li>
 291             <li><h4>B.</h4> List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
 292               responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
 293               Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
 294               Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
 295               unless they release you from this requirement.</li>
 296             <li><h4>C.</h4> State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
 297               Modified Version, as the publisher.</li>
 298             <li><h4>D.</h4> Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.</li>
 299             <li><h4>E.</h4> Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
 300               adjacent to the other copyright notices.</li>
 301             <li><h4>F.</h4> Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
 302               giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
 303               terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.</li>
 304             <li><h4>G.</h4> Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
 305               and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.</li>
 306             <li><h4>H.</h4> Include an unaltered copy of this License.</li>
 307             <li><h4>I.</h4> Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
 308               to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
 309               publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page.  If
 310               there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
 311               stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
 312               given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
 313               Version as stated in the previous sentence.</li>
 314             <li><h4>J.</h4> Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
 315               public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
 316               the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
 317               it was based on.  These may be placed in the "History" section.
 318               You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
 319               least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
 320               publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.</li>
 321             <li><h4>K.</h4> For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
 322               Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
 323               the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
 324               and/or dedications given therein.</li>
 325             <li><h4>L.</h4> Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
 326               unaltered in their text and in their titles.  Section numbers
 327               or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.</li>
 328             <li><h4>M.</h4> Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements".  Such a section
 329               may not be included in the Modified Version.</li>
 330             <li><h4>N.</h4> Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
 331               or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.</li>
 332             <li><h4>O.</h4> Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.</li>
 333           </ul>
 334
 335           <p>
 336             If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
 337             appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
 338             copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
 339             of these sections as invariant.  To do this, add their titles to the
 340             list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
 341             These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
 342           </p>
 343
 344           <p>
 345             You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
 346             nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
 347             parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
 348             been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
 349             standard.
 350           </p>
 351
 352           <p>
 353             You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
 354             passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
 355             of Cover Texts in the Modified Version.  Only one passage of
 356             Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
 357             through arrangements made by) any one entity.  If the Document already
 358             includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
 359             by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
 360             you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
 361             permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
 362           </p>
 363
 364           <p>
 365             The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
 366             give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
 367             imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
 368           </p>
 369
 370           <p>
 371             <h4>5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS</h4>
 372           </p>
 373
 374           <p>
 375             You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
 376             License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
 377             versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
 378             Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
 379             list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
 380             license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
 381           </p>
 382
 383           <p>
 384             The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
 385             multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
 386             copy.  If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
 387             different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
 388             adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
 389             author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
 390             Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
 391             Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
 392           </p>
 393
 394           <p>
 395             In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
 396             in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
 397             "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
 398             and any sections Entitled "Dedications".  You must delete all sections
 399             Entitled "Endorsements."
 400           </p>
 401
 402           <p>
 403             <h4>6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</h4>
 404           </p>
 405
 406           <p>
 407             You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
 408             released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
 409             License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
 410             the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
 411             verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
 412           </p>
 413
 414           <p>
 415             You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
 416             it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
 417             License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
 418             other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
 419           </p>
 420
 421           <p>
 422             <h4>7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</h4>
 423           </p>
 424
 425           <p>
 426             A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
 427             and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
 428             distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
 429             resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
 430             of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
 431             When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
 432             apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
 433             derivative works of the Document.
 434           </p>
 435
 436           <p>
 437             If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
 438             copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
 439             the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
 440             covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
 441             electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
 442             Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
 443             aggregate.
 444           </p>
 445
 446           <p>
 447             <h4>8. TRANSLATION</h4>
 448           </p>
 449
 450           <p>
 451             Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
 452             distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
 453             Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
 454             permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
 455             translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
 456             original versions of these Invariant Sections.  You may include a
 457             translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
 458             Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
 459             the original English version of this License and the original versions
 460             of those notices and disclaimers.  In case of a disagreement between
 461             the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
 462             or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
 463           </p>
 464
 465           <p>
 466             If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
 467             "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
 468             its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
 469             title.
 470           </p>
 471
 472           <p>
 473             <h4>9. TERMINATION</h4>
 474           </p>
 475
 476           <p>
 477             You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
 478             as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other attempt to
 479             copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
 480             automatically terminate your rights under this License.  However,
 481             parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
 482             License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
 483             parties remain in full compliance.
 484           </p>
 485
 486           <p>
 487             <h4>10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</h4>
 488           </p>
 489
 490           <p>
 491             The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
 492             of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new
 493             versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
 494             differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  See
 495             http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
 496           </p>
 497
 498           <p>
 499             Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
 500             If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
 501             License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
 502             following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
 503             of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
 504             Free Software Foundation.  If the Document does not specify a version
 505             number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
 506             as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
 507           </p>
 508
 509           <h3>How to use this License for your documents</h3>
 510
 511           <p>
 512             To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
 513             the License in the document and put the following copyright and
 514             license notices just after the title page:
 515           </p>
 516
 517           <pre>Copyright (c)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.</pre>
 518           <pre>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document</pre>
 519           <pre>under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2</pre>
 520           <pre>or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;</pre>
 521           <pre>with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover</pre>
 522           <pre>Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU</pre>
 523           <pre>Free Documentation License".</pre>
 524
 525           <p>
 526             If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
 527             replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
 528           </p>
 529
 530           <pre>with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the</pre>
 531           <pre>Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.</pre>
 532
 533           <p>
 534             If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
 535             combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
 536             situation.
 537           </p>
 538
 539           <p>
 540             If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
 541             recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
 542             free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
 543             to permit their use in free software.
 544           </p>
 545
 546
 547           <p>
 548             Copyright notice above.<br />
 549             51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA
 550             <br />
 551             Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
 552             permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is
 553             preserved.
 554           </p>
 555
 556         </td>
 557       </tr>
 558       <tr>
 559         <td class="quicklinks" colspan="2">
 560           &nbsp;
 561         </td>
 562       </tr>
 563       <tr>
 564         <td class="footer" colspan="2">
 565           &copy; 2008 &nbsp;
 566           <a href="mailto:trebb@users.berlios.de?subject=CLQR ">
 567             Bert Burgemeister
 568           </a>
 569         </td>
 570       </tr>
 571     </table>
 572   </body>
 573 </html>