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 152
 153 <h1 id="title"><a title="Click to do a full-text search for this title" href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/InstallCDCustomization?action=fullsearch&amp;value=linkto%3A%22InstallCDCustomization%22&amp;context=180">InstallCDCustomization</a></h1>
 154 <div id="content" dir="ltr" lang="en">
 155 <a id="top"></a>
 156
 157 <h2 id="head-5192ce1e24c39e2c219ee84c77d1facc67df36b6">Introduction</h2>
 158
 159 <div>
 160 <table style="margin: 0pt 0pt 1em 1em; background: rgb(241, 241, 237) none repeat scroll 0%; float: right; font-size: 0.9em; width: 40%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">
 161 <tbody><tr>
 162 <td style="padding: 0.5em;">
 163 <p><strong>Contents</strong><br>
 164 </p><ol>
 165
 166 <li>
 167 <a href="#head-5192ce1e24c39e2c219ee84c77d1facc67df36b6">Introduction</a>
 168 </li>
 169
 170 <li>
 171 <a href="#head-9d1a3d714aed40c91816f80ab370b9e2f40a85d7">Copy the CD to your hard drive</a>
 172 </li>
 173
 174 <li>
 175 <a href="#head-d2e2ac6138c17dbdea4fdc90935c64eadf6388d7">Modify installer behaviour using a Preseed file</a>
 176 <ol>
 177
 178 <li>
 179 <a href="#head-7dcb221f59b638ccc230c960b84f7142cb529598">Changing isolinux.cfg to identify your preseed</a>
 180 </li>
 181
 182 <li>
 183 <a href="#head-8146e87a03e53f7f2e8054e8a5357ce73328a069">Writing the preseed file</a>
 184 <ol>
 185
 186 <li>
 187 <a href="#head-ef2e9dd3852d43c576419b138c08a8badb5fb201">Installing extra packages in your preseed file</a>
 188 </li>
 189
 190 <li>
 191 <a href="#head-d4564e7c1ca9ba83039194914c7a038f82386708">Installing language support</a>
 192 </li>
 193
 194 </ol>
 195
 196 </li>
 197
 198 </ol>
 199
 200 </li><li>
 201 <a href="#head-0b4ac1d7b5afcc2896ed74e3f4db510e78b6dbd9">Modify pool structure to include more packages</a>
 202 <ol>
 203
 204 <li>
 205 <a href="#head-a281fb90fe726169881eb2bc5b7538bd2c797894">Create an "Extras" component</a>
 206 </li>
 207
 208 <li>
 209 <a href="#head-c2ca6d4f437c6eb289c74da5e2de3d07e0e7ec6c">Generating a new ubuntu-keyring .deb to sign your CD</a>
 210 </li>
 211
 212 <li>
 213 <a href="#head-64f09b8efc91c8720625d786644a5925baa0e765">Building the repository with apt-ftparchive</a>
 214 </li>
 215
 216 </ol>
 217
 218 </li><li>
 219 <a href="#head-30cfb1b3b402eb06607063a07b0be1cf36bf6370">Burning the CD</a>
 220 <ol>
 221
 222 <li>
 223 <a href="#head-5ae85e13446f4f6f4894a0229eaddeebd9110e47">Building the ISO image</a>
 224 </li>
 225
 226 <li>
 227 <a href="#head-b608d9bfa1a6ea622a06fa8eb631b14cfd9a21cd">Burning the image to CD</a>
 228 </li>
 229
 230 </ol>
 231
 232 </li><li>
 233 <a href="#head-9737bc717e810989d4b227c3f20f8104fedddbcd">Testing</a>
 234 </li>
 235
 236 <li>
 237 <a href="#head-1bdc2fc30bfeec710e57a255f742eaa29a84dac0">Troubleshooting</a>
 238 </li>
 239
 240 <li>
 241 <a href="#head-5d88ebbde02f5748aa759a85a490ce6e75581e31">See also</a>
 242 </li>
 243
 244 </ol>
 245
 246 </td>
 247 </tr>
 248 </tbody></table>
 249 </div>
 250 <p>The process of customizing or "remastering" Ubuntu install CDs is
 251 not especially complex, but it is a little tedious and finicky. This
 252 page documents all the problems you might find; if it doesn't, please
 253 edit it! </p>
 254 <p>The Ubuntu install CD (since Ubuntu 6.06, the 'alternative install'
 255 or 'server' CD) has three main parts: a boot-loader (ISOLINUX on
 256 AMD64/x86 systems, yaboot on PowerPC) and its configuration, which
 257 start everything up; debian-installer (also known as d-i), which in
 258 this case is really a specialized miniature Ubuntu system; and a
 259 Debian-style repository structure, which is what takes up all that
 260 space on the disk in the directories "pool" and "dists". Building a new
 261 CD may involve modifications to all three parts. </p>
 262 <p>This page shows a simple recipe for customizing the CD. It assumes that you copy the contents of the install CD to <tt>/opt/build/</tt> on your local system and create a couple of other dirs in <tt>/opt/</tt>. Modify as needed. </p>
 263
 264 <h2 id="head-9d1a3d714aed40c91816f80ab370b9e2f40a85d7">Copy the CD to your hard drive</h2>
 265
 266 <p><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/IconsPage.png" alt="warning.png"> This guide is for the Alternative Install or Server Install CDs; there is another page referrring to <a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomization"> customization of the Desktop/Live CD</a>. </p>
 267 <p>Copy the entire installation CD to a directory on your hard drive.
 268 This guide will assume your CD image is in /opt/cd-image/, but you can
 269 put it wherever you like. It will take around 1GB of hard drive space. </p>
 270 <p>If you have an ISO file, you can mount it and copy files out of it without burning it to CD: <tt>mount&nbsp;-o&nbsp;loop&nbsp;/path/to/iso&nbsp;/some/mountpoint</tt>. </p>
 271 <p>You can use <strong>rsync</strong> to copy the CD, or just </p>
 272
 273 <pre>mkdir -p /opt/cd-image
 274 cp -rT /cdrom /opt/cd-image
 275 </pre>
 276 <p>Be sure to catch the folder <em>.disk</em> - if you try and copy /cdrom/*, it will ignore the .disk folder, as Bash expands the * to mean "everything it can see". </p>
 277
 278 <h2 id="head-d2e2ac6138c17dbdea4fdc90935c64eadf6388d7">Modify installer behaviour using a Preseed file</h2>
 279
 280 <p>When the CD boots up, a Linux kernel is started and the installation
 281 tasks are initiated. The installer's default behavior can be modified
 282 through the use of a "preseed" file, which feeds d-i answers to
 283 questions normally asked by debconf, or in other contexts. If you look
 284 in the <tt>preseed</tt> folder in the install CD, you'll see that
 285 certain options (e.g. "server", "expert", "oem") already have preseed
 286 files assigned to them. The Edgy (6.10) <a class="external" href="https://help.ubuntu.com/6.10/ubuntu/installation-guide/i386/appendix-preseed.html"><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/u-www.png" alt="[WWW]" height="16" width="16"> installation guide</a> has a detailed appendix on preseeding (although see below for details on differences between Edgy and earlier versions). </p>
 287 <p>Suppose you are installing Ubuntu on a bunch of identical computers,
 288 and you already know the answers to certain questions (what country and
 289 time zone you're in, what keyboard you have, how the network should be
 290 configured, how you want to partition the hard disk, etc). You can
 291 "preseed" the answers to these questions in a very simple configuration
 292 file. </p>
 293
 294 <h3 id="head-7dcb221f59b638ccc230c960b84f7142cb529598">Changing isolinux.cfg to identify your preseed</h3>
 295
 296 <p>We will create a preseed file called 'firewall.seed', which will
 297 live in the /preseed folder of the CD-ROM. We tell d-i where to find
 298 this file by modifying the boot-loader configuration file, located in
 299 isolinux/isolinux.cfg, to pass appropriate parameters on the kernel
 300 command line. In /opt/cd-image/isolinux/isolinux.cfg, add a new section
 301 labeled like this: </p>
 302
 303 <pre>LABEL firewall
 304   menu label ^Firewall installation
 305   kernel /install/vmlinuz
 306   append  preseed/file=/cdrom/preseed/firewall.seed debian-installer/locale=en_NZ kbd-chooser/method=us initrd=/install/initrd.gz ramdisk_size=16384 root=/dev/ram rw quiet --
 307 </pre>
 308 <p>If you want to set the default action to booting with your custom seed, change the DEFAULT line to read 'DEFAULT firewall'. </p>
 309 <p>You must specify a locale and keyboard on the command line, as these
 310 questions are asked before the seed is loaded. You can also set
 311 DEBCONF_PRIORITY here to ensure you don't see any unnecessary debconf
 312 questions. </p>
 313
 314 <h3 id="head-8146e87a03e53f7f2e8054e8a5357ce73328a069">Writing the preseed file</h3>
 315
 316 <p>A preseed file has 4 fields per line: </p>
 317 <ol type="1">
 318 <li><p>identity of the program which will pick up this command </p>
 319 </li>
 320 <li><p>name of the variable whose value will be passed </p>
 321 </li>
 322 <li><p>variable type </p>
 323 </li>
 324 <li><p>value of variable </p>
 325 </li>
 326 </ol>
 327 <p>It looks something like this (from the default ubuntu-server.seed on the 6.06 CD): </p>
 328 <ul>
 329 <li style="list-style-type: none;">
 330 <pre># Always install the server kernel.
 331 d-i     base-installer/kernel/override-image    string linux-server
 332 # Don't install usplash.
 333 d-i     base-installer/kernel/linux/extra-packages-2.6  string
 334 # Desktop system not installed; don't waste time and disk space copying it.
 335 d-i     archive-copier/desktop-task     string ubuntu-standard
 336 d-i     archive-copier/ship-task        string
 337 # Only install the standard system and language packs.
 338 d-i     pkgsel/install-pattern  string ~t^ubuntu-standard$
 339 d-i     pkgsel/language-pack-patterns   string
 340 # No language support packages.
 341 d-i     pkgsel/install-language-support boolean false
 342 </pre>
 343 </li>
 344 </ul>
 345 <p><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/IconsPage_002.png" alt="important.png"> The version of this file on some Breezy CD images was buggy: it set base-config/package-selection to <tt>"~tubuntu-standard"</tt> rather than <tt>"~t^ubuntu-standard$"</tt>. Use the new format in preference; the old one will break with Ubuntu 6.06 and newer.) </p>
 346 <p><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/IconsPage_002.png" alt="important.png">  d-i expects there to be <a class="external" href="http://d-i.alioth.debian.org/manual/en.i386/apbs03.html"><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/u-www.png" alt="[WWW]" height="16" width="16"> exactly one tab or space between variable type and variable value</a> (any other space is seen as being part of the value) </p>
 347 <p>The easiest way to create a preseed file is to start with an example and modify it: </p>
 348 <ol type="1">
 349 <li><p>You could check out <a class="external" href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller/Preseed"><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/u-www.png" alt="[WWW]" height="16" width="16"> Debian's wiki page on preseeding the installer</a> - 6.06 and higher use the Etch version of the Debian installer. </p>
 350 </li>
 351 <li><p>The Edgy (6.10) <a class="external" href="https://help.ubuntu.com/6.10/ubuntu/installation-guide/i386/preseed-contents.html"><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/u-www.png" alt="[WWW]" height="16" width="16"> install guide</a> has examples of many common preseed directives. (Bear in mind that you may need to modify some to work on older versions.) </p>
 352 </li>
 353 <li><p>If you can't find the option you're looking for you can generate
 354 a comprehensive preseed file based on your own install time choices by
 355 using <tt>debconf-get-selections</tt> </p>
 356 </li>
 357 </ol>
 358 <p><tt>debconf-get-selections</tt> usage:
 359 </p>
 360 <pre>sudo apt-get install debconf-utils    # It is part of the debconf-utils package.
 361 debconf-get-selections --installer &gt; somefile.txt
 362 debconf-get-selections &gt;&gt; somefile.txt
 363 </pre>
 364 <p>This will output a list of all debconf options you've chosen
 365 throughout your install; you can pick options out of this and put them
 366 into your preseed file. </p>
 367 <p><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/IconsPage.png" alt="warning.png"> debconf-get-selections prints <strong>2</strong>
 368 spaces between variable type and variable value. You need to change
 369 this to one space before putting the line in a preseed file. </p>
 370
 371 <h4 id="head-ef2e9dd3852d43c576419b138c08a8badb5fb201">Installing extra packages in your preseed file</h4>
 372
 373 <p>base-config has been removed from debian-installer since Ubuntu 6.06. Use: </p>
 374
 375 <pre>d-i     pkgsel/install-pattern          string ~t^ubuntu-standard$|~n^openssh-server$
 376 </pre>
 377
 378 <h4 id="head-d4564e7c1ca9ba83039194914c7a038f82386708">Installing language support</h4>
 379
 380 <p>A different mechanism is used to install additional languages.
 381 Preseed the detailed locale question asked by the installer in expert
 382 mode. See the first column of <tt>/usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED</tt> for the locale names you can use here.  For example, to add support for Bengali and Tamil, use this line: </p>
 383
 384 <pre>d-i localechooser/supported-locales multiselect bn_IN, ta_IN
 385 </pre>
 386
 387 <h2 id="head-0b4ac1d7b5afcc2896ed74e3f4db510e78b6dbd9">Modify pool structure to include more packages</h2>
 388
 389 <p>Probably the prime motivation to build your own install CDs is to
 390 modify which packages are installed; in particular you may want to add
 391 some packages to the CD. </p>
 392 <p>The easiest way to do this is to build an 'extras' repository
 393 structure, containing only your extra .debs, and merge these into the
 394 CD file hierarchy before rebuilding the .ISO image. This guide will
 395 step you through how to do this. </p>
 396 <p>This requires you to generate the Packages files that defines what
 397 files are in your repository; the Release file that indexes your
 398 Packages files, and the signed Release.gpg file, approving the
 399 repository as being official. </p>
 400
 401 <h3 id="head-a281fb90fe726169881eb2bc5b7538bd2c797894">Create an "Extras" component</h3>
 402
 403 <p>Create directories for your new component (substituting your version where appropriate): </p>
 404 <ul>
 405 <li style="list-style-type: none;">
 406 <pre>cd /opt/cd-image
 407 mkdir -p dists/dapper/extras/binary-i386 pool/extras/ isolinux preseed
 408 </pre>
 409 </li>
 410 </ul>
 411 <p>Put all the extra .debs you want on your CD into <tt>pool/extras</tt>. </p>
 412 <p>Create the file <tt>dists/dapper/extras/binary-i386/Release</tt> with the following content: </p>
 413 <ul>
 414 <li style="list-style-type: none;">
 415 <pre>Archive: dapper
 416 Version: 6.06
 417 Component: extras
 418 Origin: Ubuntu
 419 Label: Ubuntu
 420 Architecture: i386
 421 </pre>
 422 </li>
 423 </ul>
 424 <p>On the <a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/InstallCDCustomization/Scripts">scripts page</a>
 425 there is a useful script that will strip out all of the packages from
 426 your CD image that are not currently installed. You will need to run <tt>apt-ftparchive</tt> (below) to generate the Packages file. </p>
 427
 428 <h3 id="head-c2ca6d4f437c6eb289c74da5e2de3d07e0e7ec6c">Generating a new ubuntu-keyring .deb to sign your CD</h3>
 429
 430 <p>In order to sign the Release file, we need to use GPG. The install
 431 system will then check the signature against the public keys held in
 432 the package ubuntu-keyring. You do not have a private key that matches
 433 one of the ones in the shipped ubuntu-keyring, so we need to build a
 434 custom version of the ubuntu-keyring package. Install the <tt>gnupg</tt> package if you do not have it already. </p>
 435 <p>To create a signing key, enter <tt>gpg&nbsp;--gen-key</tt>. Accept
 436 the defaults, (for this use, it is probably OK to use "No expiry"). For
 437 your Real Name and E-mail address, you might like to use something like
 438 "XXX Signing Key" and "<a href="mailto:packages@xxx.example.org"><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/u-email.png" alt="[MAILTO]" height="13" width="23"> packages@xxx.example.org</a>". Enter an appropriate passphrase. </p>
 439 <p>In another directory (I use <tt>/opt/build/</tt>), we will download
 440 the source for the ubuntu-keyring package, unpack it, add our own GPG
 441 key, and rebuild the package. These steps import the 2 Ubuntu public
 442 signing keys into your main keyring, then exports them, along with your
 443 own public signing key, into a replacement keyring. "YOURKEYID" should
 444 be replaced with the 8-digit hexadecimal code that gpg tells you when
 445 you do the --list-keys command."Signing Key Name" is what you used in
 446 the previous step, when running <tt>gpg&nbsp;--gen-key</tt>. </p>
 447 <p>To clarify, below is an example 'gpg --list-keys' response. In this
 448 example, "YOURKEYID" immediately follows the '/' on the line beginning
 449 with 'pub' (which in this example is '437D05B5'.) </p>
 450
 451 <pre>gpg --list-keys
 452 pub   1024D/437D05B5 2006-09-08
 453 uid                  XXX Signing Key &lt;packages@xxx.example.org&gt;
 454 sub   2048g/79164387 2006-09-08
 455 </pre>
 456 <p>Here is an example, which you will need to customize to suit your own setup: </p>
 457
 458 <pre>cd /opt/build
 459 sudo apt-get install fakeroot   # requires the fakeroot package which may not be installed on your system.
 460 apt-get source ubuntu-keyring
 461 cd ubuntu-keyring-2005.01.12.1/keyrings
 462 gpg --import &lt; ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
 463 gpg --list-keys "Signing Key Name"
 464 gpg --export FBB75451 437D05B5 YOURKEYID &gt; ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
 465 cd ..    # you are now on ubuntu-keyring-2005.01.12.1
 466 dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -m"Your Name &lt;your.email@your.host&gt;" -kYOURKEYID
 467 cd ..  # you are now on the directory where you started, in the example, /opt/build
 468 cp ubuntu-keyring*deb /opt/cd-image/pool/main/u/ubuntu-keyring
 469 </pre>
 470 <p>You will end up with a udeb file for the installer, and a .deb file for the system.  Both files need to be copied into the <strong>main</strong> component of your CD, because the CD will not check the extras directory. </p>
 471
 472 <h3 id="head-64f09b8efc91c8720625d786644a5925baa0e765">Building the repository with apt-ftparchive</h3>
 473
 474 <p><tt>apt-ftparchive</tt> builds the <tt>Packages</tt> and <tt>Packages.gz</tt> files, needed by the installer. In order to use <tt>apt-ftparchive</tt> we will need to provide it with some configuration and some index files. </p>
 475 <p>We will put the index files in <tt>/opt/indices</tt>: </p>
 476 <ul>
 477 <li style="list-style-type: none;">
 478 <pre>mkdir -p /opt/indices /opt/apt-ftparchive
 479 cd /opt/indices/
 480 DIST=dapper; wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/indices/override.$DIST.{extra.main,main,main.debian-installer,restricted,restricted.debian-installer}
 481 </pre>
 482 </li>
 483 </ul>
 484 <p>Create the files <tt>apt-ftparchive-deb.conf</tt>, <tt>apt-ftparchive-udeb.conf</tt>, <tt>apt-ftparchive-extras.conf</tt>, and <tt>release.conf</tt> in a directory (<tt>/opt/apt-ftparchive</tt>), substituting <tt>/opt/cd-image/</tt> for the path to your CD image directory, and <tt>/opt/indices/</tt> for the location of the index files, if they differ. </p>
 485 <p><span class="u">/opt/apt-ftparchive/apt-ftparchive-deb.conf:</span> </p>
 486 <ul>
 487 <li style="list-style-type: none;">
 488 <pre>Dir {
 489   ArchiveDir "/opt/cd-image/";
 490 };
 491
 492 TreeDefault {
 493   Directory "pool/";
 494 };
 495
 496 BinDirectory "pool/main" {
 497   Packages "dists/dapper/main/binary-i386/Packages";
 498   BinOverride "/opt/indices/override.dapper.main";
 499   ExtraOverride "/opt/indices/override.dapper.extra.main";
 500 };
 501
 502 BinDirectory "pool/restricted" {
 503  Packages "dists/dapper/restricted/binary-i386/Packages";
 504  BinOverride "/opt/indices/override.dapper.restricted";
 505 };
 506
 507 Default {
 508   Packages {
 509     Extensions ".deb";
 510     Compress ". gzip";
 511   };
 512 };
 513
 514 Contents {
 515   Compress "gzip";
 516 };
 517 </pre>
 518 </li>
 519 </ul>
 520 <p>The <a class="nonexistent" href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ExtraOverride">ExtraOverride</a>
 521 component above is needed to add the Task header to main packages,
 522 referenced from the preseed file with ~t&lt;task name&gt;. This is not
 523 supplied - but can be extracted from the existing main Packages file
 524 with a simple perl script :- </p>
 525 <ul>
 526 <li style="list-style-type: none;">
 527 <pre>#! /usr/bin/perl
 528 # extraoverride.pl
 529 # generate ExtraOverride file
 530 # use as follows :-
 531 # extraoverride.pl &lt; /opt/cd-image/dists/dapper/main/binary-i386/Packages &gt; /opt/indices/override.dapper.extra.main
 532
 533 while (&lt;&gt;) {
 534         chomp;
 535         next if /^ /;
 536         if (/^$/ &amp;&amp; defined($task)) {
 537                 print "$package Task $task\n";
 538                 undef $package;
 539                 undef $task;
 540         }
 541         ($key, $value) = split /: /, $_, 2;
 542         if ($key eq 'Package') {
 543                 $package = $value;
 544         }
 545         if ($key eq 'Task') {
 546                 $task = $value;
 547         }
 548 }
 549 </pre>
 550 </li>
 551 </ul>
 552 <p><span class="u">/opt/apt-ftparchive/apt-ftparchive-udeb.conf:</span> </p>
 553 <ul>
 554 <li style="list-style-type: none;">
 555 <pre>Dir {
 556   ArchiveDir "/opt/cd-image/";
 557 };
 558
 559 TreeDefault {
 560   Directory "pool/";
 561 };
 562
 563 BinDirectory "pool/main" {
 564   Packages "dists/dapper/main/debian-installer/binary-i386/Packages";
 565   BinOverride "/opt/indices/override.dapper.main.debian-installer";
 566 };
 567
 568 BinDirectory "pool/restricted" {
 569   Packages "dists/dapper/restricted/debian-installer/binary-i386/Packages";
 570   BinOverride "/opt/indices/override.dapper.restricted.debian-installer";
 571 };
 572
 573 Default {
 574   Packages {
 575     Extensions ".udeb";
 576     Compress ". gzip";
 577   };
 578 };
 579
 580 Contents {
 581   Compress "gzip";
 582 };
 583 </pre>
 584 </li>
 585 </ul>
 586 <p><span class="u">/opt/apt-ftparchive/apt-ftparchive-extras.conf:</span> </p>
 587 <ul>
 588 <li style="list-style-type: none;">
 589 <pre>Dir {
 590   ArchiveDir "/opt/cd-image/";
 591 };
 592
 593 TreeDefault {
 594   Directory "pool/";
 595 };
 596
 597 BinDirectory "pool/extras" {
 598   Packages "dists/dapper/extras/binary-i386/Packages";
 599 };
 600
 601 Default {
 602   Packages {
 603     Extensions ".deb";
 604     Compress ". gzip";
 605   };
 606 };
 607
 608 Contents {
 609   Compress "gzip";
 610 };
 611 </pre>
 612 </li>
 613 </ul>
 614 <p><span class="u">release.conf</span> </p>
 615 <p>This is the configuration file for apt-ftparchive.  Change to suit your distribution version: </p>
 616 <ul>
 617 <li style="list-style-type: none;">
 618 <pre>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin "Ubuntu";
 619 APT::FTPArchive::Release::Label "Ubuntu";
 620 APT::FTPArchive::Release::Suite "dapper";
 621 APT::FTPArchive::Release::Version "6.06";
 622 APT::FTPArchive::Release::Codename "dapper";
 623 APT::FTPArchive::Release::Architectures "i386";
 624 APT::FTPArchive::Release::Components "main restricted extras";
 625 APT::FTPArchive::Release::Description "Ubuntu 6.06 LTS";
 626 </pre>
 627 </li>
 628 </ul>
 629 <p>To build the repository, sign it, and update the MD5SUM file, you can use a script like this: </p>
 630
 631 <pre>BUILD=/opt/cd-image
 632 APTCONF=/opt/apt-ftparchive/release.conf
 633 DISTNAME=dapper
 634
 635 pushd $BUILD
 636 apt-ftparchive -c $APTCONF generate /opt/apt-ftparchive/apt-ftparchive-deb.conf
 637 apt-ftparchive -c $APTCONF generate /opt/apt-ftparchive/apt-ftparchive-udeb.conf
 638 apt-ftparchive -c $APTCONF generate /opt/apt-ftparchive/apt-ftparchive-extras.conf
 639 apt-ftparchive -c $APTCONF release $BUILD/dists/$DISTNAME &gt; $BUILD/dists/$DISTNAME/Release
 640
 641 gpg --default-key "YOURKEYID" --output $BUILD/dists/$DISTNAME/Release.gpg -ba $BUILD/dists/$DISTNAME/Release
 642 find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 md5sum &gt; md5sum.txt
 643 popd
 644 </pre>
 645
 646 <h2 id="head-30cfb1b3b402eb06607063a07b0be1cf36bf6370">Burning the CD</h2>
 647
 648 <p>At this point, you have a directory which is ready to be collected into an .ISO file and then burnt to a CD. </p>
 649
 650 <h3 id="head-5ae85e13446f4f6f4894a0229eaddeebd9110e47">Building the ISO image</h3>
 651
 652 <p><span class="u">x86 and AMD64</span> </p>
 653
 654 <pre>IMAGE=custom.iso
 655 BUILD=/opt/cd-image/
 656
 657 mkisofs -r -V "Custom Ubuntu Install CD" \
 658             -cache-inodes \
 659             -J -l -b isolinux/isolinux.bin \
 660             -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot \
 661             -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table \
 662             -o $IMAGE $BUILD
 663 </pre>
 664 <p><span class="u">Power PC</span> </p>
 665 <p>Download <a class="external" href="http://people.ubuntu.com/%7Ecjwatson/hfs.map"><img src="InstallCDCustomization_files/u-www.png" alt="[WWW]" height="16" width="16"> the HFS map</a>, then use the following command:
 666 </p>
 667 <pre>IMAGE=custom.iso
 668 BUILD=/opt/cd-image/
 669
 670 mkisofs -r -V "Custom Ubuntu Install CD" \
 671             --netatalk -hfs -probe -map hfs.map \
 672             -chrp-boot -iso-level 2 -part -no-desktop \
 673             -hfs-bless $BUILD/install \
 674             -hfs-volid Ubuntu/PowerPC_dapper \
 675             -o $IMAGE $BUILD
 676 </pre>
 677 <p><span class="u">ia64</span>
 678 </p>
 679 <pre>IMAGE=custom.iso
 680 BUILD=/opt/cd-image/
 681
 682 mkisofs -r -V 'Custom Ubuntu Install CD' \
 683         -o $IMAGE -no-emul-boot \
 684         -J -b boot/boot.img -c boot/boot.catalog $BUILD
 685 </pre>
 686 <ul>
 687 <li style="list-style-type: none;"><p>$IMAGE is just the location of your iso image. </p>
 688 </li>
 689 </ul>
 690
 691 <h3 id="head-b608d9bfa1a6ea622a06fa8eb631b14cfd9a21cd">Burning the image to CD</h3>
 692
 693 <p>To detect the location of your CD drive, try <tt>cdrecord&nbsp;--scanbus</tt>.  For a primary IDE CD drive on /dev/hdc: </p>
 694
 695 <pre>sudo nice -18 cdrecord dev=ATA:0,1,0 --speed=24 --blank=fast -v -gracetime=2 -tao $IMAGE
 696 </pre>
 697 <p>You will burn a lot of coasters in experimenting with this process, so please use rewritable media! </p>
 698
 699 <h2 id="head-9737bc717e810989d4b227c3f20f8104fedddbcd">Testing</h2>
 700
 701 <p>You can now boot off your CD. Select the new menu item you created.
 702 If you've used preseeding to stop the CD asking questions, the
 703 installation could be totally automatic. </p>
 704
 705 <h2 id="head-1bdc2fc30bfeec710e57a255f742eaa29a84dac0">Troubleshooting</h2>
 706
 707 <ul>
 708 <li><p> If your CD fails to read, try re-burning it, possibly at a slower speed. </p>
 709 </li>
 710 <li><p> If you get a red d-i screen, check the error message (use
 711 Alt-F2, Alt-F3 etc to cycle through the terminals to read the log), and
 712 fix your CD appropriately. </p>
 713 </li>
 714 </ul>
 715
 716 <h2 id="head-5d88ebbde02f5748aa759a85a490ce6e75581e31">See also</h2>
 717
 718 <p>Check out some <a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/InstallCDCustomization/Scripts">install CD customization scripts</a> that can be used to automate this process. </p>
 719 <a id="bottom"></a>
 720
 721 </div>
 722 <p id="pageinfo" class="info" dir="ltr" lang="en">last edited 2007-06-04 10:03:27 by <span title="202-89-158-1.dyn-dsl.ubs.qsi.net.nz"><a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CraigBox">CraigBox</a></span></p>
 723
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