src/protocol.h

   1 // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
   2 // Copyright (c) 2009-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers
   3 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
   4 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
   5
   6 #ifndef __cplusplus
   7 #error This header can only be compiled as C++.
   8 #endif
   9
  10 #ifndef BITCOIN_PROTOCOL_H
  11 #define BITCOIN_PROTOCOL_H
  12
  13 #include "netaddress.h"
  14 #include "serialize.h"
  15 #include "uint256.h"
  16 #include "version.h"
  17
  18 #include <stdint.h>
  19 #include <string>
  20
  21 /** Message header.
  22  * (4) message start.
  23  * (12) command.
  24  * (4) size.
  25  * (4) checksum.
  26  */
  27 class CMessageHeader
  28 {
  29 public:
  30     enum {
  31         MESSAGE_START_SIZE = 4,
  32         COMMAND_SIZE = 12,
  33         MESSAGE_SIZE_SIZE = 4,
  34         CHECKSUM_SIZE = 4,
  35
  36         MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET = MESSAGE_START_SIZE + COMMAND_SIZE,
  37         CHECKSUM_OFFSET = MESSAGE_SIZE_OFFSET + MESSAGE_SIZE_SIZE,
  38         HEADER_SIZE = MESSAGE_START_SIZE + COMMAND_SIZE + MESSAGE_SIZE_SIZE + CHECKSUM_SIZE
  39     };
  40     typedef unsigned char MessageStartChars[MESSAGE_START_SIZE];
  41
  42     CMessageHeader(const MessageStartChars& pchMessageStartIn);
  43     CMessageHeader(const MessageStartChars& pchMessageStartIn, const char* pszCommand, unsigned int nMessageSizeIn);
  44
  45     std::string GetCommand() const;
  46     bool IsValid(const MessageStartChars& messageStart) const;
  47
  48     ADD_SERIALIZE_METHODS;
  49
  50     template <typename Stream, typename Operation>
  51     inline void SerializationOp(Stream& s, Operation ser_action)
  52     {
  53         READWRITE(FLATDATA(pchMessageStart));
  54         READWRITE(FLATDATA(pchCommand));
  55         READWRITE(nMessageSize);
  56         READWRITE(FLATDATA(pchChecksum));
  57     }
  58
  59     char pchMessageStart[MESSAGE_START_SIZE];
  60     char pchCommand[COMMAND_SIZE];
  61     uint32_t nMessageSize;
  62     uint8_t pchChecksum[CHECKSUM_SIZE];
  63 };
  64
  65 /**
  66  * Bitcoin protocol message types. When adding new message types, don't forget
  67  * to update allNetMessageTypes in protocol.cpp.
  68  */
  69 namespace NetMsgType {
  70
  71 /**
  72  * The version message provides information about the transmitting node to the
  73  * receiving node at the beginning of a connection.
  74  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#version
  75  */
  76 extern const char *VERSION;
  77 /**
  78  * The verack message acknowledges a previously-received version message,
  79  * informing the connecting node that it can begin to send other messages.
  80  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#verack
  81  */
  82 extern const char *VERACK;
  83 /**
  84  * The addr (IP address) message relays connection information for peers on the
  85  * network.
  86  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#addr
  87  */
  88 extern const char *ADDR;
  89 /**
  90  * The inv message (inventory message) transmits one or more inventories of
  91  * objects known to the transmitting peer.
  92  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#inv
  93  */
  94 extern const char *INV;
  95 /**
  96  * The getdata message requests one or more data objects from another node.
  97  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#getdata
  98  */
  99 extern const char *GETDATA;
 100 /**
 101  * The merkleblock message is a reply to a getdata message which requested a
 102  * block using the inventory type MSG_MERKLEBLOCK.
 103  * @since protocol version 70001 as described by BIP37.
 104  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#merkleblock
 105  */
 106 extern const char *MERKLEBLOCK;
 107 /**
 108  * The getblocks message requests an inv message that provides block header
 109  * hashes starting from a particular point in the block chain.
 110  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#getblocks
 111  */
 112 extern const char *GETBLOCKS;
 113 /**
 114  * The getheaders message requests a headers message that provides block
 115  * headers starting from a particular point in the block chain.
 116  * @since protocol version 31800.
 117  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#getheaders
 118  */
 119 extern const char *GETHEADERS;
 120 /**
 121  * The tx message transmits a single transaction.
 122  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#tx
 123  */
 124 extern const char *TX;
 125 /**
 126  * The headers message sends one or more block headers to a node which
 127  * previously requested certain headers with a getheaders message.
 128  * @since protocol version 31800.
 129  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#headers
 130  */
 131 extern const char *HEADERS;
 132 /**
 133  * The block message transmits a single serialized block.
 134  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#block
 135  */
 136 extern const char *BLOCK;
 137 /**
 138  * The getaddr message requests an addr message from the receiving node,
 139  * preferably one with lots of IP addresses of other receiving nodes.
 140  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#getaddr
 141  */
 142 extern const char *GETADDR;
 143 /**
 144  * The mempool message requests the TXIDs of transactions that the receiving
 145  * node has verified as valid but which have not yet appeared in a block.
 146  * @since protocol version 60002.
 147  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#mempool
 148  */
 149 extern const char *MEMPOOL;
 150 /**
 151  * The ping message is sent periodically to help confirm that the receiving
 152  * peer is still connected.
 153  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#ping
 154  */
 155 extern const char *PING;
 156 /**
 157  * The pong message replies to a ping message, proving to the pinging node that
 158  * the ponging node is still alive.
 159  * @since protocol version 60001 as described by BIP31.
 160  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#pong
 161  */
 162 extern const char *PONG;
 163 /**
 164  * The notfound message is a reply to a getdata message which requested an
 165  * object the receiving node does not have available for relay.
 166  * @ince protocol version 70001.
 167  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#notfound
 168  */
 169 extern const char *NOTFOUND;
 170 /**
 171  * The filterload message tells the receiving peer to filter all relayed
 172  * transactions and requested merkle blocks through the provided filter.
 173  * @since protocol version 70001 as described by BIP37.
 174  *   Only available with service bit NODE_BLOOM since protocol version
 175  *   70011 as described by BIP111.
 176  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#filterload
 177  */
 178 extern const char *FILTERLOAD;
 179 /**
 180  * The filteradd message tells the receiving peer to add a single element to a
 181  * previously-set bloom filter, such as a new public key.
 182  * @since protocol version 70001 as described by BIP37.
 183  *   Only available with service bit NODE_BLOOM since protocol version
 184  *   70011 as described by BIP111.
 185  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#filteradd
 186  */
 187 extern const char *FILTERADD;
 188 /**
 189  * The filterclear message tells the receiving peer to remove a previously-set
 190  * bloom filter.
 191  * @since protocol version 70001 as described by BIP37.
 192  *   Only available with service bit NODE_BLOOM since protocol version
 193  *   70011 as described by BIP111.
 194  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#filterclear
 195  */
 196 extern const char *FILTERCLEAR;
 197 /**
 198  * The reject message informs the receiving node that one of its previous
 199  * messages has been rejected.
 200  * @since protocol version 70002 as described by BIP61.
 201  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#reject
 202  */
 203 extern const char *REJECT;
 204 /**
 205  * Indicates that a node prefers to receive new block announcements via a
 206  * "headers" message rather than an "inv".
 207  * @since protocol version 70012 as described by BIP130.
 208  * @see https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#sendheaders
 209  */
 210 extern const char *SENDHEADERS;
 211 /**
 212  * The feefilter message tells the receiving peer not to inv us any txs
 213  * which do not meet the specified min fee rate.
 214  * @since protocol version 70013 as described by BIP133
 215  */
 216 extern const char *FEEFILTER;
 217 /**
 218  * Contains a 1-byte bool and 8-byte LE version number.
 219  * Indicates that a node is willing to provide blocks via "cmpctblock" messages.
 220  * May indicate that a node prefers to receive new block announcements via a
 221  * "cmpctblock" message rather than an "inv", depending on message contents.
 222  * @since protocol version 70014 as described by BIP 152
 223  */
 224 extern const char *SENDCMPCT;
 225 /**
 226  * Contains a CBlockHeaderAndShortTxIDs object - providing a header and
 227  * list of "short txids".
 228  * @since protocol version 70014 as described by BIP 152
 229  */
 230 extern const char *CMPCTBLOCK;
 231 /**
 232  * Contains a BlockTransactionsRequest
 233  * Peer should respond with "blocktxn" message.
 234  * @since protocol version 70014 as described by BIP 152
 235  */
 236 extern const char *GETBLOCKTXN;
 237 /**
 238  * Contains a BlockTransactions.
 239  * Sent in response to a "getblocktxn" message.
 240  * @since protocol version 70014 as described by BIP 152
 241  */
 242 extern const char *BLOCKTXN;
 243 };
 244
 245 /* Get a vector of all valid message types (see above) */
 246 const std::vector<std::string> &getAllNetMessageTypes();
 247
 248 /** nServices flags */
 249 enum ServiceFlags : uint64_t {
 250     // Nothing
 251     NODE_NONE = 0,
 252     // NODE_NETWORK means that the node is capable of serving the block chain. It is currently
 253     // set by all Bitcoin Core nodes, and is unset by SPV clients or other peers that just want
 254     // network services but don't provide them.
 255     NODE_NETWORK = (1 << 0),
 256     // NODE_GETUTXO means the node is capable of responding to the getutxo protocol request.
 257     // Bitcoin Core does not support this but a patch set called Bitcoin XT does.
 258     // See BIP 64 for details on how this is implemented.
 259     NODE_GETUTXO = (1 << 1),
 260     // NODE_BLOOM means the node is capable and willing to handle bloom-filtered connections.
 261     // Bitcoin Core nodes used to support this by default, without advertising this bit,
 262     // but no longer do as of protocol version 70011 (= NO_BLOOM_VERSION)
 263     NODE_BLOOM = (1 << 2),
 264     // NODE_WITNESS indicates that a node can be asked for blocks and transactions including
 265     // witness data.
 266     NODE_WITNESS = (1 << 3),
 267     // NODE_XTHIN means the node supports Xtreme Thinblocks
 268     // If this is turned off then the node will not service nor make xthin requests
 269     NODE_XTHIN = (1 << 4),
 270
 271     // Bits 24-31 are reserved for temporary experiments. Just pick a bit that
 272     // isn't getting used, or one not being used much, and notify the
 273     // bitcoin-development mailing list. Remember that service bits are just
 274     // unauthenticated advertisements, so your code must be robust against
 275     // collisions and other cases where nodes may be advertising a service they
 276     // do not actually support. Other service bits should be allocated via the
 277     // BIP process.
 278 };
 279
 280 /** A CService with information about it as peer */
 281 class CAddress : public CService
 282 {
 283 public:
 284     CAddress();
 285     explicit CAddress(CService ipIn, ServiceFlags nServicesIn);
 286
 287     void Init();
 288
 289     ADD_SERIALIZE_METHODS;
 290
 291     template <typename Stream, typename Operation>
 292     inline void SerializationOp(Stream& s, Operation ser_action)
 293     {
 294         if (ser_action.ForRead())
 295             Init();
 296         int nVersion = s.GetVersion();
 297         if (s.GetType() & SER_DISK)
 298             READWRITE(nVersion);
 299         if ((s.GetType() & SER_DISK) ||
 300             (nVersion >= CADDR_TIME_VERSION && !(s.GetType() & SER_GETHASH)))
 301             READWRITE(nTime);
 302         uint64_t nServicesInt = nServices;
 303         READWRITE(nServicesInt);
 304         nServices = (ServiceFlags)nServicesInt;
 305         READWRITE(*(CService*)this);
 306     }
 307
 308     // TODO: make private (improves encapsulation)
 309 public:
 310     ServiceFlags nServices;
 311
 312     // disk and network only
 313     unsigned int nTime;
 314 };
 315
 316 /** getdata message type flags */
 317 const uint32_t MSG_WITNESS_FLAG = 1 << 30;
 318 const uint32_t MSG_TYPE_MASK    = 0xffffffff >> 2;
 319
 320 /** getdata / inv message types.
 321  * These numbers are defined by the protocol. When adding a new value, be sure
 322  * to mention it in the respective BIP.
 323  */
 324 enum GetDataMsg
 325 {
 326     UNDEFINED = 0,
 327     MSG_TX = 1,
 328     MSG_BLOCK = 2,
 329     // The following can only occur in getdata. Invs always use TX or BLOCK.
 330     MSG_FILTERED_BLOCK = 3,  //!< Defined in BIP37
 331     MSG_CMPCT_BLOCK = 4,     //!< Defined in BIP152
 332     MSG_WITNESS_BLOCK = MSG_BLOCK | MSG_WITNESS_FLAG, //!< Defined in BIP144
 333     MSG_WITNESS_TX = MSG_TX | MSG_WITNESS_FLAG,       //!< Defined in BIP144
 334     MSG_FILTERED_WITNESS_BLOCK = MSG_FILTERED_BLOCK | MSG_WITNESS_FLAG,
 335 };
 336
 337 /** inv message data */
 338 class CInv
 339 {
 340 public:
 341     CInv();
 342     CInv(int typeIn, const uint256& hashIn);
 343
 344     ADD_SERIALIZE_METHODS;
 345
 346     template <typename Stream, typename Operation>
 347     inline void SerializationOp(Stream& s, Operation ser_action)
 348     {
 349         READWRITE(type);
 350         READWRITE(hash);
 351     }
 352
 353     friend bool operator<(const CInv& a, const CInv& b);
 354
 355     std::string GetCommand() const;
 356     std::string ToString() const;
 357
 358     // TODO: make private (improves encapsulation)
 359 public:
 360     int type;
 361     uint256 hash;
 362 };
 363
 364 #endif // BITCOIN_PROTOCOL_H