1 /* Assembly backend for the OpenRISC 1000.
2 Copyright (C) 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 Contributed by Damjan Lampret <lampret@opencores.org>.
5 Modified bu Johan Rydberg, <johan.rydberg@netinsight.se>.
8 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
10 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
15 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18 GNU General Public License for more details.
20 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
22 the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor,
23 Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
25 /* tc-a29k.c used as a template. */
27 #include "safe-ctype.h"
29 #include "opcode/or32.h"
34 #ifndef REGISTER_PREFIX
35 #define REGISTER_PREFIX '%'
38 /* Make it easier to clone this machine desc into another one. */
39 #define machine_opcode or32_opcode
40 #define machine_opcodes or32_opcodes
41 #define machine_ip or32_ip
42 #define machine_it or32_it
44 /* Handle of the OPCODE hash table. */
45 static struct hash_control
*op_hash
= NULL
;
51 struct nlist
* nlistp
;
54 int reloc_offset
; /* Offset of reloc within insn. */
59 const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table
[] =
61 {"align", s_align_bytes
, 4 },
62 {"space", s_space
, 0 },
63 {"cputype", s_ignore
, 0 },
64 {"reg", s_lsym
, 0 }, /* Register equate, same as equ. */
65 {"sect", s_ignore
, 0 }, /* Creation of coff sections. */
66 {"proc", s_ignore
, 0 }, /* Start of a function. */
67 {"endproc", s_ignore
, 0 }, /* Function end. */
72 int md_short_jump_size
= 4;
73 int md_long_jump_size
= 4;
75 /* This array holds the chars that always start a comment.
76 If the pre-processor is disabled, these aren't very useful. */
77 const char comment_chars
[] = "#";
79 /* This array holds the chars that only start a comment at the beginning of
80 a line. If the line seems to have the form '# 123 filename'
81 .line and .file directives will appear in the pre-processed output. */
82 /* Note that input_file.c hand checks for '#' at the beginning of the
83 first line of the input file. This is because the compiler outputs
84 #NO_APP at the beginning of its output. */
85 /* Also note that comments like this one will always work. */
86 const char line_comment_chars
[] = "#";
88 /* We needed an unused char for line separation to work around the
89 lack of macros, using sed and such. */
90 const char line_separator_chars
[] = ";";
92 /* Chars that can be used to separate mant from exp in floating point nums. */
93 const char EXP_CHARS
[] = "eE";
95 /* Chars that mean this number is a floating point constant.
98 const char FLT_CHARS
[] = "rRsSfFdDxXpP";
100 /* "l.jalr r9" precalculated opcode. */
101 static unsigned long jalr_r9_opcode
;
103 static void machine_ip (char *);
106 /* Set bits in machine opcode according to insn->encoding
107 description and passed operand. */
110 encode (const struct machine_opcode
*insn
,
111 unsigned long *opcode
,
112 signed long param_val
,
120 printf (" encode: opcode=%.8lx param_val=%.8lx abs=%.8lx param_ch=%c\n",
121 *opcode
, param_val
, abs (param_val
), param_ch
);
123 for (enc
= insn
->encoding
; *enc
!= '\0'; enc
++)
124 if (*enc
== param_ch
)
126 if (enc
- 2 >= insn
->encoding
&& (*(enc
- 2) == '0') && (*(enc
- 1) == 'x'))
134 for (enc
= insn
->encoding
; *enc
!= '\0';)
136 if ((*enc
== '0') && (*(enc
+ 1) == 'x'))
138 int tmp
= strtol (enc
, NULL
, 16);
141 *opcode
|= tmp
<< opc_pos
;
144 else if ((*enc
== '0') || (*enc
== '-'))
149 else if (*enc
== '1')
152 *opcode
|= 1 << opc_pos
;
155 else if (*enc
== param_ch
)
159 *opcode
|= ((param_val
>> param_pos
) & 0x1) << opc_pos
;
162 else if (ISALPHA (*enc
))
172 printf (" opcode=%.8lx\n", *opcode
);
176 /* This function is called once, at assembler startup time. It should
177 set up all the tables, etc., that the MD part of the assembler will
183 const char *retval
= NULL
;
188 /* Hash up all the opcodes for fast use later. */
189 op_hash
= hash_new ();
191 for (i
= 0; i
< or32_num_opcodes
; i
++)
193 const char *name
= machine_opcodes
[i
].name
;
201 retval
= hash_insert (op_hash
, name
, (void *) &machine_opcodes
[i
]);
204 fprintf (stderr
, "internal error: can't hash `%s': %s\n",
205 machine_opcodes
[i
].name
, retval
);
211 as_fatal (_("Broken assembler. No assembly attempted."));
213 encode (&machine_opcodes
[insn_index ("l.jalr")], &jalr_r9_opcode
, 9, 'B');
216 /* Returns non zero if instruction is to be used. */
219 check_invalid_opcode (unsigned long opcode
)
221 return opcode
== jalr_r9_opcode
;
224 /* Assemble a single instruction. Its label has already been handled
225 by the generic front end. We just parse opcode and operands, and
226 produce the bytes of data and relocation. */
229 md_assemble (char *str
)
234 printf ("NEW INSTRUCTION\n");
241 /* Put out the opcode. */
242 md_number_to_chars (toP
, the_insn
.opcode
, 4);
244 /* Put out the symbol-dependent stuff. */
245 if (the_insn
.reloc
!= BFD_RELOC_NONE
)
247 fix_new_exp (frag_now
,
248 (toP
- frag_now
->fr_literal
+ the_insn
.reloc_offset
),
256 /* This is true of the we have issued a "lo(" or "hi"(. */
257 static int waiting_for_shift
= 0;
259 static int mask_or_shift
= 0;
262 parse_operand (char *s
, expressionS
*operandp
, int opt
)
264 char *save
= input_line_pointer
;
268 printf (" PROCESS NEW OPERAND(%s) == %c (%d)\n", s
, opt
? opt
: '!', opt
);
271 input_line_pointer
= s
;
273 if (strncasecmp (s
, "HI(", 3) == 0)
275 waiting_for_shift
= 1;
276 mask_or_shift
= BFD_RELOC_HI16
;
278 input_line_pointer
+= 3;
280 else if (strncasecmp (s
, "LO(", 3) == 0)
282 mask_or_shift
= BFD_RELOC_LO16
;
284 input_line_pointer
+= 3;
289 if ((*s
== '(') && (*(s
+1) == 'r'))
292 if ((*s
== 'r') && ISDIGIT (*(s
+ 1)))
294 operandp
->X_add_number
= strtol (s
+ 1, NULL
, 10);
295 operandp
->X_op
= O_register
;
296 for (; (*s
!= ',') && (*s
!= '\0');)
298 input_line_pointer
= save
;
302 expression (operandp
);
304 if (operandp
->X_op
== O_absent
)
307 as_bad (_("missing operand"));
310 operandp
->X_add_number
= 0;
311 operandp
->X_op
= O_constant
;
315 new = input_line_pointer
;
316 input_line_pointer
= save
;
319 printf (" %s=parse_operand(%s): operandp->X_op = %u\n", new, s
, operandp
->X_op
);
325 /* Instruction parsing. Takes a string containing the opcode.
326 Operands are at input_line_pointer. Output is in the_insn.
327 Warnings or errors are generated. */
330 machine_ip (char *str
)
334 const struct machine_opcode
*insn
;
336 unsigned long opcode
;
337 expressionS the_operand
;
338 expressionS
*operand
= &the_operand
;
340 int reloc
= BFD_RELOC_NONE
;
343 printf ("machine_ip(%s)\n", str
);
347 for (; ISALNUM (*s
) || *s
== '.'; ++s
)
356 case ' ': /* FIXME-SOMEDAY more whitespace. */
361 as_bad (_("unknown opcode1: `%s'"), str
);
365 if ((insn
= (struct machine_opcode
*) hash_find (op_hash
, str
)) == NULL
)
367 as_bad (_("unknown opcode2 `%s'."), str
);
373 memset (&the_insn
, '\0', sizeof (the_insn
));
374 the_insn
.reloc
= BFD_RELOC_NONE
;
376 reloc
= BFD_RELOC_NONE
;
378 /* Build the opcode, checking as we go to make sure that the
381 If an operand matches, we modify the_insn or opcode appropriately,
382 and do a "continue". If an operand fails to match, we "break". */
383 if (insn
->args
[0] != '\0')
384 /* Prime the pump. */
385 s
= parse_operand (s
, operand
, insn
->args
[0] == 'I');
387 for (args
= insn
->args
;; ++args
)
390 printf (" args = %s\n", args
);
394 case '\0': /* End of args. */
395 /* We have have 0 args, do the bazoooka! */
396 if (args
== insn
->args
)
397 encode (insn
, &opcode
, 0, 0);
401 /* We are truly done. */
402 the_insn
.opcode
= opcode
;
403 if (check_invalid_opcode (opcode
))
404 as_bad (_("instruction not allowed: %s"), str
);
407 as_bad (_("too many operands: %s"), s
);
410 case ',': /* Must match a comma. */
413 reloc
= BFD_RELOC_NONE
;
415 /* Parse next operand. */
416 s
= parse_operand (s
, operand
, args
[1] == 'I');
418 printf (" ',' case: operand->X_add_number = %d, *args = %s, *s = %s\n",
419 operand
->X_add_number
, args
, s
);
425 case '(': /* Must match a (. */
426 s
= parse_operand (s
, operand
, args
[1] == 'I');
429 case ')': /* Must match a ). */
432 case 'r': /* A general register. */
435 if (operand
->X_op
!= O_register
)
436 break; /* Only registers. */
438 know (operand
->X_add_symbol
== 0);
439 know (operand
->X_op_symbol
== 0);
440 regno
= operand
->X_add_number
;
441 encode (insn
, &opcode
, regno
, *args
);
443 printf (" r: operand->X_op = %d\n", operand
->X_op
);
448 /* if (! ISALPHA (*args))
449 break; */ /* Only immediate values. */
454 printf ("mask_or_shift = %d\n", mask_or_shift
);
456 reloc
= mask_or_shift
;
460 if (strncasecmp (args
, "LO(", 3) == 0)
463 printf ("reloc_const\n");
465 reloc
= BFD_RELOC_LO16
;
467 else if (strncasecmp (args
, "HI(", 3) == 0)
470 printf ("reloc_consth\n");
472 reloc
= BFD_RELOC_HI16
;
476 operand
->X_op
= O_constant
;
480 printf (" default case: operand->X_add_number = %d, *args = %s, *s = %s\n", operand
->X_add_number
, args
, s
);
482 if (operand
->X_op
== O_constant
)
484 if (reloc
== BFD_RELOC_NONE
)
489 v
= abs (operand
->X_add_number
) & ~ mask
;
491 as_bad (_("call/jmp target out of range (1)"));
494 if (reloc
== BFD_RELOC_HI16
)
495 operand
->X_add_number
= ((operand
->X_add_number
>> 16) & 0xffff);
498 encode (insn
, &opcode
, operand
->X_add_number
, *args
);
499 /* the_insn.reloc = BFD_RELOC_NONE; */
503 if (reloc
== BFD_RELOC_NONE
)
504 the_insn
.reloc
= BFD_RELOC_32_GOT_PCREL
;
506 the_insn
.reloc
= reloc
;
508 /* the_insn.reloc = insn->reloc; */
510 printf (" reloc sym=%d\n", the_insn
.reloc
);
511 printf (" BFD_RELOC_NONE=%d\n", BFD_RELOC_NONE
);
513 the_insn
.exp
= *operand
;
515 /* the_insn.reloc_offset = 1; */
516 the_insn
.pcrel
= 1; /* Assume PC-relative jump. */
518 /* FIXME-SOON, Do we figure out whether abs later, after
520 if (reloc
== BFD_RELOC_LO16
|| reloc
== BFD_RELOC_HI16
)
523 encode (insn
, &opcode
, operand
->X_add_number
, *args
);
527 /* Types or values of args don't match. */
528 as_bad (_("invalid operands"));
534 md_atof (int type
, char * litP
, int * sizeP
)
536 return ieee_md_atof (type
, litP
, sizeP
, TRUE
);
539 /* Write out big-endian. */
542 md_number_to_chars (char *buf
, valueT val
, int n
)
544 number_to_chars_bigendian (buf
, val
, n
);
548 md_apply_fix (fixS
* fixP
, valueT
* val
, segT seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
)
550 char *buf
= fixP
->fx_where
+ fixP
->fx_frag
->fr_literal
;
556 printf ("md_apply_fix val:%x\n", t_val
);
559 fixP
->fx_addnumber
= t_val
; /* Remember value for emit_reloc. */
561 switch (fixP
->fx_r_type
)
563 case BFD_RELOC_32
: /* XXXXXXXX pattern in a word. */
565 printf ("reloc_const: val=%x\n", t_val
);
567 buf
[0] = t_val
>> 24;
568 buf
[1] = t_val
>> 16;
573 case BFD_RELOC_16
: /* XXXX0000 pattern in a word. */
575 printf ("reloc_const: val=%x\n", t_val
);
581 case BFD_RELOC_8
: /* XX000000 pattern in a word. */
583 printf ("reloc_const: val=%x\n", t_val
);
588 case BFD_RELOC_LO16
: /* 0000XXXX pattern in a word. */
590 printf ("reloc_const: val=%x\n", t_val
);
592 buf
[2] = t_val
>> 8; /* Holds bits 0000XXXX. */
596 case BFD_RELOC_HI16
: /* 0000XXXX pattern in a word. */
598 printf ("reloc_consth: val=%x\n", t_val
);
600 buf
[2] = t_val
>> 24; /* Holds bits XXXX0000. */
601 buf
[3] = t_val
>> 16;
604 case BFD_RELOC_32_GOT_PCREL
: /* 0000XXXX pattern in a word. */
607 else if (fixP
->fx_pcrel
)
609 long v
= t_val
>> 28;
611 if (v
!= 0 && v
!= -1)
612 as_bad_where (fixP
->fx_file
, fixP
->fx_line
,
613 _("call/jmp target out of range (2)"));
616 /* This case was supposed to be handled in machine_ip. */
619 buf
[0] |= (t_val
>> 26) & 0x03; /* Holds bits 0FFFFFFC of address. */
620 buf
[1] = t_val
>> 18;
621 buf
[2] = t_val
>> 10;
625 case BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
:
626 case BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY
:
632 as_bad (_("bad relocation type: 0x%02x"), fixP
->fx_r_type
);
636 if (fixP
->fx_addsy
== (symbolS
*) NULL
)
640 /* Should never be called for or32. */
643 md_create_short_jump (char * ptr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
644 addressT from_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
645 addressT to_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
646 fragS
* frag ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
647 symbolS
* to_symbol ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
)
649 as_fatal ("or32_create_short_jmp\n");
652 /* Should never be called for or32. */
655 md_convert_frag (bfd
* headers ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
656 segT seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
657 fragS
* fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
)
659 as_fatal ("or32_convert_frag\n");
662 /* Should never be called for or32. */
665 md_create_long_jump (char * ptr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
666 addressT from_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
667 addressT to_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
668 fragS
* frag ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
669 symbolS
* to_symbol ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
)
671 as_fatal ("or32_create_long_jump\n");
674 /* Should never be called for or32. */
677 md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragS
* fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
,
678 segT segtype ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
)
680 as_fatal ("or32_estimate_size_before_relax\n");
684 /* Translate internal representation of relocation info to target format.
686 On sparc/29k: first 4 bytes are normal unsigned long address, next three
687 bytes are index, most sig. byte first. Byte 7 is broken up with
688 bit 7 as external, bits 6 & 5 unused, and the lower
689 five bits as relocation type. Next 4 bytes are long addend. */
690 /* Thanx and a tip of the hat to Michael Bloom, mb@ttidca.tti.com. */
694 tc_aout_fix_to_chars (char *where
,
696 relax_addressT segment_address_in_file
)
701 printf ("tc_aout_fix_to_chars\n");
704 know (fixP
->fx_r_type
< BFD_RELOC_NONE
);
705 know (fixP
->fx_addsy
!= NULL
);
709 fixP
->fx_frag
->fr_address
+ fixP
->fx_where
- segment_address_in_file
,
712 r_symbolnum
= (S_IS_DEFINED (fixP
->fx_addsy
)
713 ? S_GET_TYPE (fixP
->fx_addsy
)
714 : fixP
->fx_addsy
->sy_number
);
716 where
[4] = (r_symbolnum
>> 16) & 0x0ff;
717 where
[5] = (r_symbolnum
>> 8) & 0x0ff;
718 where
[6] = r_symbolnum
& 0x0ff;
719 where
[7] = (((!S_IS_DEFINED (fixP
->fx_addsy
)) << 7) & 0x80) | (0 & 0x60) | (fixP
->fx_r_type
& 0x1F);
722 md_number_to_chars (&where
[8], fixP
->fx_addnumber
, 4);
725 #endif /* OBJ_AOUT */
727 const char *md_shortopts
= "";
729 struct option md_longopts
[] =
731 { NULL
, no_argument
, NULL
, 0 }
733 size_t md_longopts_size
= sizeof (md_longopts
);
736 md_parse_option (int c ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
, char * arg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
)
742 md_show_usage (FILE * stream ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
)
746 /* This is called when a line is unrecognized. This is used to handle
747 definitions of or32 style local labels. */
750 or32_unrecognized_line (int c
)
756 || ! ISDIGIT ((unsigned char) input_line_pointer
[0]))
759 s
= input_line_pointer
;
762 while (ISDIGIT ((unsigned char) *s
))
764 lab
= lab
* 10 + *s
- '0';
769 /* Not a label definition. */
772 if (dollar_label_defined (lab
))
774 as_bad (_("label \"$%d\" redefined"), lab
);
778 define_dollar_label (lab
);
779 colon (dollar_label_name (lab
, 0));
780 input_line_pointer
= s
+ 1;
785 /* Default the values of symbols known that should be "predefined". We
786 don't bother to predefine them unless you actually use one, since there
787 are a lot of them. */
790 md_undefined_symbol (char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
)
795 /* Parse an operand that is machine-specific. */
798 md_operand (expressionS
*expressionP
)
801 printf (" md_operand(input_line_pointer = %s)\n", input_line_pointer
);
804 if (input_line_pointer
[0] == REGISTER_PREFIX
&& input_line_pointer
[1] == 'r')
806 /* We have a numeric register expression. No biggy. */
807 input_line_pointer
+= 2; /* Skip %r */
808 (void) expression (expressionP
);
810 if (expressionP
->X_op
!= O_constant
811 || expressionP
->X_add_number
> 255)
812 as_bad (_("Invalid expression after %%%%\n"));
813 expressionP
->X_op
= O_register
;
815 else if (input_line_pointer
[0] == '&')
817 /* We are taking the 'address' of a register...this one is not
818 in the manual, but it *is* in traps/fpsymbol.h! What they
819 seem to want is the register number, as an absolute number. */
820 input_line_pointer
++; /* Skip & */
821 (void) expression (expressionP
);
823 if (expressionP
->X_op
!= O_register
)
824 as_bad (_("invalid register in & expression"));
826 expressionP
->X_op
= O_constant
;
828 else if (input_line_pointer
[0] == '$'
829 && ISDIGIT ((unsigned char) input_line_pointer
[1]))
835 /* This is a local label. */
836 ++input_line_pointer
;
837 lab
= (long) get_absolute_expression ();
839 if (dollar_label_defined (lab
))
841 name
= dollar_label_name (lab
, 0);
842 sym
= symbol_find (name
);
846 name
= dollar_label_name (lab
, 1);
847 sym
= symbol_find_or_make (name
);
850 expressionP
->X_op
= O_symbol
;
851 expressionP
->X_add_symbol
= sym
;
852 expressionP
->X_add_number
= 0;
854 else if (input_line_pointer
[0] == '$')
858 int fieldnum
, fieldlimit
;
859 LITTLENUM_TYPE floatbuf
[8];
861 /* $float(), $doubleN(), or $extendN() convert floating values
863 s
= input_line_pointer
;
868 if (strncmp (s
, "double", sizeof "double" - 1) == 0)
870 s
+= sizeof "double" - 1;
874 else if (strncmp (s
, "float", sizeof "float" - 1) == 0)
876 s
+= sizeof "float" - 1;
880 else if (strncmp (s
, "extend", sizeof "extend" - 1) == 0)
882 s
+= sizeof "extend" - 1;
894 if (fieldnum
>= fieldlimit
)
903 s
= atof_ieee (s
, type
, floatbuf
);
914 input_line_pointer
= s
;
915 expressionP
->X_op
= O_constant
;
916 expressionP
->X_unsigned
= 1;
917 expressionP
->X_add_number
= ((floatbuf
[fieldnum
* 2]
918 << LITTLENUM_NUMBER_OF_BITS
)
919 + floatbuf
[fieldnum
* 2 + 1]);
923 /* Round up a section size to the appropriate boundary. */
926 md_section_align (segT segment ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
, valueT size ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
)
928 return size
; /* Byte alignment is fine. */
931 /* Exactly what point is a PC-relative offset relative TO?
932 On the 29000, they're relative to the address of the instruction,
933 which we have set up as the address of the fixup too. */
936 md_pcrel_from (fixS
*fixP
)
938 return fixP
->fx_where
+ fixP
->fx_frag
->fr_address
;
941 /* Generate a reloc for a fixup. */
944 tc_gen_reloc (asection
*seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
, fixS
*fixp
)
948 reloc
= xmalloc (sizeof (arelent
));
949 reloc
->sym_ptr_ptr
= xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol
*));
950 *reloc
->sym_ptr_ptr
= symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp
->fx_addsy
);
951 reloc
->address
= fixp
->fx_frag
->fr_address
+ fixp
->fx_where
;
952 /* reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where + fixp->fx_addnumber;*/
953 reloc
->howto
= bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput
, fixp
->fx_r_type
);
955 if (reloc
->howto
== (reloc_howto_type
*) NULL
)
957 as_bad_where (fixp
->fx_file
, fixp
->fx_line
,
958 _("reloc %d not supported by object file format"),
959 (int) fixp
->fx_r_type
);
963 if (fixp
->fx_r_type
== BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY
)
964 reloc
->address
= fixp
->fx_offset
;
966 reloc
->addend
= fixp
->fx_addnumber
;