gdb/memattr.c

   1 /* Memory attributes support, for GDB.
   2
   3    Copyright (C) 2001-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   4
   5    This file is part of GDB.
   6
   7    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   8    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   9    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
  10    (at your option) any later version.
  11
  12    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15    GNU General Public License for more details.
  16
  17    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  18    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
  19
  20 #include "defs.h"
  21 #include "command.h"
  22 #include "gdbcmd.h"
  23 #include "memattr.h"
  24 #include "target.h"
  25 #include "target-dcache.h"
  26 #include "value.h"
  27 #include "language.h"
  28 #include "breakpoint.h"
  29 #include "cli/cli-utils.h"
  30 #include <algorithm>
  31 #include "gdbarch.h"
  32
  33 static std::vector<mem_region> user_mem_region_list, target_mem_region_list;
  34 static std::vector<mem_region> *mem_region_list = &target_mem_region_list;
  35 static int mem_number = 0;
  36
  37 /* If this flag is set, the memory region list should be automatically
  38    updated from the target.  If it is clear, the list is user-controlled
  39    and should be left alone.  */
  40
  41 static bool
  42 mem_use_target ()
  43 {
  44   return mem_region_list == &target_mem_region_list;
  45 }
  46
  47 /* If this flag is set, we have tried to fetch the target memory regions
  48    since the last time it was invalidated.  If that list is still
  49    empty, then the target can't supply memory regions.  */
  50 static bool target_mem_regions_valid;
  51
  52 /* If this flag is set, gdb will assume that memory ranges not
  53    specified by the memory map have type MEM_NONE, and will
  54    emit errors on all accesses to that memory.  */
  55 static bool inaccessible_by_default = true;
  56
  57 static void
  58 show_inaccessible_by_default (struct ui_file *file, int from_tty,
  59                               struct cmd_list_element *c,
  60                               const char *value)
  61 {
  62   if (inaccessible_by_default)
  63     gdb_printf (file, _("Unknown memory addresses will "
  64                         "be treated as inaccessible.\n"));
  65   else
  66     gdb_printf (file, _("Unknown memory addresses "
  67                         "will be treated as RAM.\n"));
  68 }
  69
  70 /* This function should be called before any command which would
  71    modify the memory region list.  It will handle switching from
  72    a target-provided list to a local list, if necessary.  */
  73
  74 static void
  75 require_user_regions (int from_tty)
  76 {
  77   /* If we're already using a user-provided list, nothing to do.  */
  78   if (!mem_use_target ())
  79     return;
  80
  81   /* Switch to a user-provided list (possibly a copy of the current
  82      one).  */
  83   mem_region_list = &user_mem_region_list;
  84
  85   /* If we don't have a target-provided region list yet, then
  86      no need to warn.  */
  87   if (target_mem_region_list.empty ())
  88     return;
  89
  90   /* Otherwise, let the user know how to get back.  */
  91   if (from_tty)
  92     warning (_("Switching to manual control of memory regions; use "
  93                "\"mem auto\" to fetch regions from the target again."));
  94
  95   /* And create a new list (copy of the target-supplied regions) for the user
  96      to modify.  */
  97   user_mem_region_list = target_mem_region_list;
  98 }
  99
 100 /* This function should be called before any command which would
 101    read the memory region list, other than those which call
 102    require_user_regions.  It will handle fetching the
 103    target-provided list, if necessary.  */
 104
 105 static void
 106 require_target_regions (void)
 107 {
 108   if (mem_use_target () && !target_mem_regions_valid)
 109     {
 110       target_mem_regions_valid = true;
 111       target_mem_region_list = target_memory_map ();
 112     }
 113 }
 114
 115 /* Create a new user-defined memory region.  */
 116
 117 static void
 118 create_user_mem_region (CORE_ADDR lo, CORE_ADDR hi,
 119                         const mem_attrib &attrib)
 120 {
 121   /* lo == hi is a useless empty region.  */
 122   if (lo >= hi && hi != 0)
 123     {
 124       gdb_printf (_("invalid memory region: low >= high\n"));
 125       return;
 126     }
 127
 128   mem_region newobj (lo, hi, attrib);
 129
 130   auto it = std::lower_bound (user_mem_region_list.begin (),
 131                               user_mem_region_list.end (),
 132                               newobj);
 133   int ix = std::distance (user_mem_region_list.begin (), it);
 134
 135   /* Check for an overlapping memory region.  We only need to check
 136      in the vincinity - at most one before and one after the
 137      insertion point.  */
 138   for (int i = ix - 1; i < ix + 1; i++)
 139     {
 140       if (i < 0)
 141         continue;
 142       if (i >= user_mem_region_list.size ())
 143         continue;
 144
 145       mem_region &n = user_mem_region_list[i];
 146
 147       if ((lo >= n.lo && (lo < n.hi || n.hi == 0))
 148           || (hi > n.lo && (hi <= n.hi || n.hi == 0))
 149           || (lo <= n.lo && ((hi >= n.hi && n.hi != 0) || hi == 0)))
 150         {
 151           gdb_printf (_("overlapping memory region\n"));
 152           return;
 153         }
 154     }
 155
 156   newobj.number = ++mem_number;
 157   user_mem_region_list.insert (it, newobj);
 158 }
 159
 160 /* Look up the memory region corresponding to ADDR.  */
 161
 162 struct mem_region *
 163 lookup_mem_region (CORE_ADDR addr)
 164 {
 165   static struct mem_region region (0, 0);
 166   CORE_ADDR lo;
 167   CORE_ADDR hi;
 168
 169   require_target_regions ();
 170
 171   /* First we initialize LO and HI so that they describe the entire
 172      memory space.  As we process the memory region chain, they are
 173      redefined to describe the minimal region containing ADDR.  LO
 174      and HI are used in the case where no memory region is defined
 175      that contains ADDR.  If a memory region is disabled, it is
 176      treated as if it does not exist.  The initial values for LO
 177      and HI represent the bottom and top of memory.  */
 178
 179   lo = 0;
 180   hi = 0;
 181
 182   /* Either find memory range containing ADDR, or set LO and HI
 183      to the nearest boundaries of an existing memory range.
 184
 185      If we ever want to support a huge list of memory regions, this
 186      check should be replaced with a binary search (probably using
 187      VEC_lower_bound).  */
 188   for (mem_region &m : *mem_region_list)
 189     {
 190       if (m.enabled_p == 1)
 191         {
 192           /* If the address is in the memory region, return that
 193              memory range.  */
 194           if (addr >= m.lo && (addr < m.hi || m.hi == 0))
 195             return &m;
 196
 197           /* This (correctly) won't match if m->hi == 0, representing
 198              the top of the address space, because CORE_ADDR is unsigned;
 199              no value of LO is less than zero.  */
 200           if (addr >= m.hi && lo < m.hi)
 201             lo = m.hi;
 202
 203           /* This will never set HI to zero; if we're here and ADDR
 204              is at or below M, and the region starts at zero, then ADDR
 205              would have been in the region.  */
 206           if (addr <= m.lo && (hi == 0 || hi > m.lo))
 207             hi = m.lo;
 208         }
 209     }
 210
 211   /* Because no region was found, we must cons up one based on what
 212      was learned above.  */
 213   region.lo = lo;
 214   region.hi = hi;
 215
 216   /* When no memory map is defined at all, we always return
 217      'default_mem_attrib', so that we do not make all memory
 218      inaccessible for targets that don't provide a memory map.  */
 219   if (inaccessible_by_default && !mem_region_list->empty ())
 220     region.attrib = mem_attrib::unknown ();
 221   else
 222     region.attrib = mem_attrib ();
 223
 224   return &region;
 225 }
 226
 227 /* Invalidate any memory regions fetched from the target.  */
 228
 229 void
 230 invalidate_target_mem_regions (void)
 231 {
 232   if (!target_mem_regions_valid)
 233     return;
 234
 235   target_mem_regions_valid = false;
 236   target_mem_region_list.clear ();
 237 }
 238
 239 /* Clear user-defined memory region list.  */
 240
 241 static void
 242 user_mem_clear (void)
 243 {
 244   user_mem_region_list.clear ();
 245 }
 246 \f
 247
 248 static void
 249 mem_command (const char *args, int from_tty)
 250 {
 251   CORE_ADDR lo, hi;
 252
 253   if (!args)
 254     error_no_arg (_("No mem"));
 255
 256   /* For "mem auto", switch back to using a target provided list.  */
 257   if (strcmp (args, "auto") == 0)
 258     {
 259       if (mem_use_target ())
 260         return;
 261
 262       user_mem_clear ();
 263       mem_region_list = &target_mem_region_list;
 264
 265       return;
 266     }
 267
 268   require_user_regions (from_tty);
 269
 270   std::string tok = extract_arg (&args);
 271   if (tok == "")
 272     error (_("no lo address"));
 273   lo = parse_and_eval_address (tok.c_str ());
 274
 275   tok = extract_arg (&args);
 276   if (tok == "")
 277     error (_("no hi address"));
 278   hi = parse_and_eval_address (tok.c_str ());
 279
 280   mem_attrib attrib;
 281   while ((tok = extract_arg (&args)) != "")
 282     {
 283       if (tok == "rw")
 284         attrib.mode = MEM_RW;
 285       else if (tok == "ro")
 286         attrib.mode = MEM_RO;
 287       else if (tok == "wo")
 288         attrib.mode = MEM_WO;
 289
 290       else if (tok == "8")
 291         attrib.width = MEM_WIDTH_8;
 292       else if (tok == "16")
 293         {
 294           if ((lo % 2 != 0) || (hi % 2 != 0))
 295             error (_("region bounds not 16 bit aligned"));
 296           attrib.width = MEM_WIDTH_16;
 297         }
 298       else if (tok == "32")
 299         {
 300           if ((lo % 4 != 0) || (hi % 4 != 0))
 301             error (_("region bounds not 32 bit aligned"));
 302           attrib.width = MEM_WIDTH_32;
 303         }
 304       else if (tok == "64")
 305         {
 306           if ((lo % 8 != 0) || (hi % 8 != 0))
 307             error (_("region bounds not 64 bit aligned"));
 308           attrib.width = MEM_WIDTH_64;
 309         }
 310
 311 #if 0
 312       else if (tok == "hwbreak")
 313         attrib.hwbreak = 1;
 314       else if (tok == "swbreak")
 315         attrib.hwbreak = 0;
 316 #endif
 317
 318       else if (tok == "cache")
 319         attrib.cache = 1;
 320       else if (tok == "nocache")
 321         attrib.cache = 0;
 322
 323 #if 0
 324       else if (tok == "verify")
 325         attrib.verify = 1;
 326       else if (tok == "noverify")
 327         attrib.verify = 0;
 328 #endif
 329
 330       else
 331         error (_("unknown attribute: %s"), tok.c_str ());
 332     }
 333
 334   create_user_mem_region (lo, hi, attrib);
 335 }
 336 \f
 337
 338 static void
 339 info_mem_command (const char *args, int from_tty)
 340 {
 341   if (mem_use_target ())
 342     gdb_printf (_("Using memory regions provided by the target.\n"));
 343   else
 344     gdb_printf (_("Using user-defined memory regions.\n"));
 345
 346   require_target_regions ();
 347
 348   if (mem_region_list->empty ())
 349     {
 350       gdb_printf (_("There are no memory regions defined.\n"));
 351       return;
 352     }
 353
 354   gdb_printf ("Num ");
 355   gdb_printf ("Enb ");
 356   gdb_printf ("Low Addr   ");
 357   if (gdbarch_addr_bit (target_gdbarch ()) > 32)
 358     gdb_printf ("        ");
 359   gdb_printf ("High Addr  ");
 360   if (gdbarch_addr_bit (target_gdbarch ()) > 32)
 361     gdb_printf ("        ");
 362   gdb_printf ("Attrs ");
 363   gdb_printf ("\n");
 364
 365   for (const mem_region &m : *mem_region_list)
 366     {
 367       const char *tmp;
 368
 369       gdb_printf ("%-3d %-3c\t",
 370                   m.number,
 371                   m.enabled_p ? 'y' : 'n');
 372       if (gdbarch_addr_bit (target_gdbarch ()) <= 32)
 373         tmp = hex_string_custom (m.lo, 8);
 374       else
 375         tmp = hex_string_custom (m.lo, 16);
 376
 377       gdb_printf ("%s ", tmp);
 378
 379       if (gdbarch_addr_bit (target_gdbarch ()) <= 32)
 380         {
 381           if (m.hi == 0)
 382             tmp = "0x100000000";
 383           else
 384             tmp = hex_string_custom (m.hi, 8);
 385         }
 386       else
 387         {
 388           if (m.hi == 0)
 389             tmp = "0x10000000000000000";
 390           else
 391             tmp = hex_string_custom (m.hi, 16);
 392         }
 393
 394       gdb_printf ("%s ", tmp);
 395
 396       /* Print a token for each attribute.
 397
 398        * FIXME: Should we output a comma after each token?  It may
 399        * make it easier for users to read, but we'd lose the ability
 400        * to cut-and-paste the list of attributes when defining a new
 401        * region.  Perhaps that is not important.
 402        *
 403        * FIXME: If more attributes are added to GDB, the output may
 404        * become cluttered and difficult for users to read.  At that
 405        * time, we may want to consider printing tokens only if they
 406        * are different from the default attribute.  */
 407
 408       switch (m.attrib.mode)
 409         {
 410         case MEM_RW:
 411           gdb_printf ("rw ");
 412           break;
 413         case MEM_RO:
 414           gdb_printf ("ro ");
 415           break;
 416         case MEM_WO:
 417           gdb_printf ("wo ");
 418           break;
 419         case MEM_FLASH:
 420           gdb_printf ("flash blocksize 0x%x ", m.attrib.blocksize);
 421           break;
 422         }
 423
 424       switch (m.attrib.width)
 425         {
 426         case MEM_WIDTH_8:
 427           gdb_printf ("8 ");
 428           break;
 429         case MEM_WIDTH_16:
 430           gdb_printf ("16 ");
 431           break;
 432         case MEM_WIDTH_32:
 433           gdb_printf ("32 ");
 434           break;
 435         case MEM_WIDTH_64:
 436           gdb_printf ("64 ");
 437           break;
 438         case MEM_WIDTH_UNSPECIFIED:
 439           break;
 440         }
 441
 442 #if 0
 443       if (attrib->hwbreak)
 444         gdb_printf ("hwbreak");
 445       else
 446         gdb_printf ("swbreak");
 447 #endif
 448
 449       if (m.attrib.cache)
 450         gdb_printf ("cache ");
 451       else
 452         gdb_printf ("nocache ");
 453
 454 #if 0
 455       if (attrib->verify)
 456         gdb_printf ("verify ");
 457       else
 458         gdb_printf ("noverify ");
 459 #endif
 460
 461       gdb_printf ("\n");
 462     }
 463 }
 464 \f
 465
 466 /* Enable the memory region number NUM.  */
 467
 468 static void
 469 mem_enable (int num)
 470 {
 471   for (mem_region &m : *mem_region_list)
 472     if (m.number == num)
 473       {
 474         m.enabled_p = 1;
 475         return;
 476       }
 477   gdb_printf (_("No memory region number %d.\n"), num);
 478 }
 479
 480 static void
 481 enable_mem_command (const char *args, int from_tty)
 482 {
 483   require_user_regions (from_tty);
 484
 485   target_dcache_invalidate ();
 486
 487   if (args == NULL || *args == '\0')
 488     { /* Enable all mem regions.  */
 489       for (mem_region &m : *mem_region_list)
 490         m.enabled_p = 1;
 491     }
 492   else
 493     {
 494       number_or_range_parser parser (args);
 495       while (!parser.finished ())
 496         {
 497           int num = parser.get_number ();
 498           mem_enable (num);
 499         }
 500     }
 501 }
 502 \f
 503
 504 /* Disable the memory region number NUM.  */
 505
 506 static void
 507 mem_disable (int num)
 508 {
 509   for (mem_region &m : *mem_region_list)
 510     if (m.number == num)
 511       {
 512         m.enabled_p = 0;
 513         return;
 514       }
 515   gdb_printf (_("No memory region number %d.\n"), num);
 516 }
 517
 518 static void
 519 disable_mem_command (const char *args, int from_tty)
 520 {
 521   require_user_regions (from_tty);
 522
 523   target_dcache_invalidate ();
 524
 525   if (args == NULL || *args == '\0')
 526     {
 527       for (mem_region &m : *mem_region_list)
 528         m.enabled_p = false;
 529     }
 530   else
 531     {
 532       number_or_range_parser parser (args);
 533       while (!parser.finished ())
 534         {
 535           int num = parser.get_number ();
 536           mem_disable (num);
 537         }
 538     }
 539 }
 540
 541 /* Delete the memory region number NUM.  */
 542
 543 static void
 544 mem_delete (int num)
 545 {
 546   if (!mem_region_list)
 547     {
 548       gdb_printf (_("No memory region number %d.\n"), num);
 549       return;
 550     }
 551
 552   auto it = std::remove_if (mem_region_list->begin (), mem_region_list->end (),
 553                             [num] (const mem_region &m)
 554     {
 555       return m.number == num;
 556     });
 557
 558   if (it != mem_region_list->end ())
 559     mem_region_list->erase (it);
 560   else
 561     gdb_printf (_("No memory region number %d.\n"), num);
 562 }
 563
 564 static void
 565 delete_mem_command (const char *args, int from_tty)
 566 {
 567   require_user_regions (from_tty);
 568
 569   target_dcache_invalidate ();
 570
 571   if (args == NULL || *args == '\0')
 572     {
 573       if (query (_("Delete all memory regions? ")))
 574         user_mem_clear ();
 575       dont_repeat ();
 576       return;
 577     }
 578
 579   number_or_range_parser parser (args);
 580   while (!parser.finished ())
 581     {
 582       int num = parser.get_number ();
 583       mem_delete (num);
 584     }
 585
 586   dont_repeat ();
 587 }
 588
 589 static struct cmd_list_element *mem_set_cmdlist;
 590 static struct cmd_list_element *mem_show_cmdlist;
 591
 592 void _initialize_mem ();
 593 void
 594 _initialize_mem ()
 595 {
 596   add_com ("mem", class_vars, mem_command, _("\
 597 Define attributes for memory region or reset memory region handling to "
 598 "target-based.\n\
 599 Usage: mem auto\n\
 600        mem LOW HIGH [MODE WIDTH CACHE],\n\
 601 where MODE  may be rw (read/write), ro (read-only) or wo (write-only),\n\
 602       WIDTH may be 8, 16, 32, or 64, and\n\
 603       CACHE may be cache or nocache"));
 604
 605   add_cmd ("mem", class_vars, enable_mem_command, _("\
 606 Enable memory region.\n\
 607 Arguments are the IDs of the memory regions to enable.\n\
 608 Usage: enable mem [ID]...\n\
 609 Do \"info mem\" to see current list of IDs."), &enablelist);
 610
 611   add_cmd ("mem", class_vars, disable_mem_command, _("\
 612 Disable memory region.\n\
 613 Arguments are the IDs of the memory regions to disable.\n\
 614 Usage: disable mem [ID]...\n\
 615 Do \"info mem\" to see current list of IDs."), &disablelist);
 616
 617   add_cmd ("mem", class_vars, delete_mem_command, _("\
 618 Delete memory region.\n\
 619 Arguments are the IDs of the memory regions to delete.\n\
 620 Usage: delete mem [ID]...\n\
 621 Do \"info mem\" to see current list of IDs."), &deletelist);
 622
 623   add_info ("mem", info_mem_command,
 624             _("Memory region attributes."));
 625
 626   add_setshow_prefix_cmd ("mem", class_vars,
 627                           _("Memory regions settings."),
 628                           _("Memory regions settings."),
 629                           &mem_set_cmdlist, &mem_show_cmdlist,
 630                           &setlist, &showlist);
 631
 632   add_setshow_boolean_cmd ("inaccessible-by-default", no_class,
 633                                   &inaccessible_by_default, _("\
 634 Set handling of unknown memory regions."), _("\
 635 Show handling of unknown memory regions."), _("\
 636 If on, and some memory map is defined, debugger will emit errors on\n\
 637 accesses to memory not defined in the memory map. If off, accesses to all\n\
 638 memory addresses will be allowed."),
 639                                 NULL,
 640                                 show_inaccessible_by_default,
 641                                 &mem_set_cmdlist,
 642                                 &mem_show_cmdlist);
 643 }