gas/stabs.c

   1 /* Generic stabs parsing for gas.
   2    Copyright (C) 1989-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   3
   4    This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
   5
   6    GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   7    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
   8    published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3,
   9    or (at your option) any later version.
  10
  11    GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  12    WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  13    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See
  14    the GNU General Public License for more details.
  15
  16    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  17    along with GAS; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
  18    Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
  19    02110-1301, USA.  */
  20
  21 #include "as.h"
  22 #include "filenames.h"
  23 #include "obstack.h"
  24 #include "subsegs.h"
  25 #include "ecoff.h"
  26
  27 /* We need this, despite the apparent object format dependency, since
  28    it defines stab types, which all object formats can use now.  */
  29
  30 #include "aout/stab_gnu.h"
  31
  32 /* Holds whether the assembler is generating stabs line debugging
  33    information or not.  Potentially used by md_cleanup function.  */
  34
  35 int outputting_stabs_line_debug = 0;
  36
  37 static void generate_asm_file (int, const char *);
  38
  39 /* Allow backends to override the names used for the stab sections.  */
  40 #ifndef STAB_SECTION_NAME
  41 #define STAB_SECTION_NAME ".stab"
  42 #endif
  43
  44 #ifndef STAB_STRING_SECTION_NAME
  45 #define STAB_STRING_SECTION_NAME ".stabstr"
  46 #endif
  47
  48 /* Label at start of current function if we're in the middle of a
  49    .func function, in which case stabs_generate_asm_lineno emits
  50    function relative line number stabs.  Otherwise it emits line
  51    number stabs with absolute addresses.  Note that both cases only
  52    apply to assembler code assembled with -gstabs.  */
  53 static const char *current_function_label;
  54
  55 /* State used by generate_asm_file.  */
  56 static char *last_asm_file;
  57 static int file_label_count;
  58
  59 /* State used by stabs_generate_asm_lineno.  */
  60 static int line_label_count;
  61 static unsigned int prev_lineno;
  62 static char *prev_line_file;
  63
  64 /* State used by stabs_generate_asm_func.  */
  65 static bool void_emitted_p;
  66
  67 /* State used by stabs_generate_asm_endfunc.  */
  68 static int endfunc_label_count;
  69
  70 /*
  71  * Handle .stabX directives, which used to be open-coded.
  72  * So much creeping featurism overloaded the semantics that we decided
  73  * to put all .stabX thinking in one place. Here.
  74  *
  75  * We try to make any .stabX directive legal. Other people's AS will often
  76  * do assembly-time consistency checks: eg assigning meaning to n_type bits
  77  * and "protecting" you from setting them to certain values. (They also zero
  78  * certain bits before emitting symbols. Tut tut.)
  79  *
  80  * If an expression is not absolute we either gripe or use the relocation
  81  * information. Other people's assemblers silently forget information they
  82  * don't need and invent information they need that you didn't supply.
  83  */
  84
  85 /*
  86  * Build a string dictionary entry for a .stabX symbol.
  87  * The symbol is added to the .<secname>str section.
  88  */
  89
  90 #ifndef SEPARATE_STAB_SECTIONS
  91 #define SEPARATE_STAB_SECTIONS 0
  92 #endif
  93
  94 unsigned int
  95 get_stab_string_offset (const char *string, segT stabstr)
  96 {
  97   unsigned int length;
  98   unsigned int retval;
  99   segT save_seg;
 100   subsegT save_subseg;
 101   char *p;
 102
 103   if (! SEPARATE_STAB_SECTIONS)
 104     abort ();
 105
 106   length = strlen (string);
 107
 108   save_seg = now_seg;
 109   save_subseg = now_subseg;
 110
 111   subseg_set (stabstr, 0);
 112
 113   retval = seg_info (stabstr)->stabu.stab_string_size;
 114   if (retval <= 0)
 115     {
 116       /* Make sure the first string is empty.  */
 117       p = frag_more (1);
 118       *p = 0;
 119       retval = seg_info (stabstr)->stabu.stab_string_size = 1;
 120       bfd_set_section_flags (stabstr, SEC_READONLY | SEC_DEBUGGING);
 121     }
 122
 123   if (length > 0)
 124     {                           /* Ordinary case.  */
 125       p = frag_more (length + 1);
 126       strcpy (p, string);
 127
 128       seg_info (stabstr)->stabu.stab_string_size += length + 1;
 129     }
 130   else
 131     retval = 0;
 132
 133   subseg_set (save_seg, save_subseg);
 134
 135   return retval;
 136 }
 137
 138 #ifdef AOUT_STABS
 139 #ifndef OBJ_PROCESS_STAB
 140 #define OBJ_PROCESS_STAB(W,S,T,O,D)     aout_process_stab(W,S,T,O,D)
 141 #endif
 142
 143 /* Here instead of obj-aout.c because other formats use it too.  */
 144 void
 145 aout_process_stab (int what, const char *string, int type, int other, int desc)
 146 {
 147   /* Put the stab information in the symbol table.  */
 148   symbolS *symbol;
 149
 150   /* Create the symbol now, but only insert it into the symbol chain
 151      after any symbols mentioned in the value expression get into the
 152      symbol chain.  This is to avoid "continuation symbols" (where one
 153      ends in "\" and the debug info is continued in the next .stabs
 154      directive) from being separated by other random symbols.  */
 155   symbol = symbol_create (string, undefined_section, &zero_address_frag, 0);
 156   if (what == 's' || what == 'n')
 157     {
 158       /* Pick up the value from the input line.  */
 159       pseudo_set (symbol);
 160     }
 161   else
 162     {
 163       /* .stabd sets the name to NULL.  Why?  */
 164       S_SET_NAME (symbol, NULL);
 165       symbol_set_frag (symbol, frag_now);
 166       S_SET_VALUE (symbol, (valueT) frag_now_fix ());
 167     }
 168
 169   symbol_append (symbol, symbol_lastP, &symbol_rootP, &symbol_lastP);
 170
 171   symbol_get_bfdsym (symbol)->flags |= BSF_DEBUGGING;
 172
 173   S_SET_TYPE (symbol, type);
 174   S_SET_OTHER (symbol, other);
 175   S_SET_DESC (symbol, desc);
 176 }
 177 #endif
 178
 179 static bool
 180 eat_comma (int what)
 181 {
 182   if (*input_line_pointer == ',')
 183     {
 184       input_line_pointer++;
 185       return true;
 186     }
 187   as_warn (_(".stab%c: missing comma"), what);
 188   ignore_rest_of_line ();
 189   return false;
 190 }
 191
 192 /* This can handle different kinds of stabs (s,n,d) and different
 193    kinds of stab sections.  If FREENAMES is true, then STAB_SECNAME
 194    and STABSTR_SECNAME are allocated in that order on the notes
 195    obstack and will be freed if possible.  */
 196
 197 static void
 198 s_stab_generic (int what,
 199                 const char *stab_secname,
 200                 const char *stabstr_secname,
 201                 bool freenames)
 202 {
 203   const char *string;
 204   char *saved_string_obstack_end;
 205   int type;
 206   int other;
 207   int desc;
 208   segT stab, stabstr = NULL;
 209   segT saved_seg = now_seg;
 210   subsegT saved_subseg = now_subseg;
 211   fragS *saved_frag = frag_now;
 212   valueT dot = 0;
 213
 214   if (SEPARATE_STAB_SECTIONS)
 215     /* Output the stab information in a separate section.  This is used
 216        at least for COFF and ELF.  */
 217     {
 218       dot = frag_now_fix ();
 219
 220 #ifdef md_flush_pending_output
 221       md_flush_pending_output ();
 222 #endif
 223       stab = subseg_new (stab_secname, 0);
 224       stabstr = subseg_new (stabstr_secname, 0);
 225
 226       if (freenames
 227           && stab->name != stab_secname
 228           && stabstr->name != stabstr_secname)
 229         obstack_free (&notes, stab_secname);
 230
 231       subseg_set (stab, 0);
 232       if (!seg_info (stab)->hadone)
 233         {
 234           bfd_set_section_flags (stab,
 235                                  SEC_READONLY | SEC_RELOC | SEC_DEBUGGING);
 236 #ifdef INIT_STAB_SECTION
 237           INIT_STAB_SECTION (stab, stabstr);
 238 #endif
 239           seg_info (stab)->hadone = 1;
 240         }
 241     }
 242   else if (freenames)
 243     obstack_free (&notes, stab_secname);
 244
 245   /* The general format is:
 246      .stabs "STRING",TYPE,OTHER,DESC,VALUE
 247      .stabn TYPE,OTHER,DESC,VALUE
 248      .stabd TYPE,OTHER,DESC
 249      At this point input_line_pointer points after the pseudo-op and
 250      any trailing whitespace.  The argument what is one of 's', 'n' or
 251      'd' indicating which type of .stab this is.  */
 252
 253   saved_string_obstack_end = NULL;
 254   if (what != 's')
 255     string = "";
 256   else
 257     {
 258       int length;
 259
 260       string = demand_copy_C_string (&length);
 261       if (string == NULL)
 262         {
 263           as_warn (_(".stab%c: missing string"), what);
 264           ignore_rest_of_line ();
 265           goto out2;
 266         }
 267       /* FIXME: We should probably find some other temporary storage
 268          for string, rather than leaking memory if someone else
 269          happens to use the notes obstack.  */
 270       saved_string_obstack_end = obstack_next_free (&notes);
 271       SKIP_WHITESPACE ();
 272       if (!eat_comma (what))
 273         goto out;
 274     }
 275
 276   type = get_absolute_expression ();
 277   if (!eat_comma (what))
 278     goto out;
 279
 280   other = get_absolute_expression ();
 281   if (!eat_comma (what))
 282     goto out;
 283
 284   desc = get_absolute_expression ();
 285
 286   if ((desc > 0xffff) || (desc < -0x8000))
 287     /* This could happen for example with a source file with a huge
 288        number of lines.  The only cure is to use a different debug
 289        format, probably DWARF.  */
 290     as_warn (_(".stab%c: description field '%x' too big, try a different debug format"),
 291              what, desc);
 292
 293   if (what == 's' || what == 'n')
 294     {
 295       if (!eat_comma (what))
 296         goto out;
 297       SKIP_WHITESPACE ();
 298     }
 299
 300 #ifdef TC_PPC
 301 #ifdef OBJ_ELF
 302   /* Solaris on PowerPC has decided that .stabd can take 4 arguments, so if we were
 303      given 4 arguments, make it a .stabn */
 304   else if (what == 'd')
 305     {
 306       char *save_location = input_line_pointer;
 307
 308       SKIP_WHITESPACE ();
 309       if (*input_line_pointer == ',')
 310         {
 311           input_line_pointer++;
 312           what = 'n';
 313         }
 314       else
 315         input_line_pointer = save_location;
 316     }
 317 #endif /* OBJ_ELF */
 318 #endif /* TC_PPC */
 319
 320 #ifndef NO_LISTING
 321   if (listing)
 322     {
 323       switch (type)
 324         {
 325         case N_SLINE:
 326           listing_source_line ((unsigned int) desc);
 327           break;
 328         case N_SO:
 329         case N_SOL:
 330           listing_source_file (string);
 331           break;
 332         }
 333     }
 334 #endif /* ! NO_LISTING */
 335
 336   /* We have now gathered the type, other, and desc information.  For
 337      .stabs or .stabn, input_line_pointer is now pointing at the
 338      value.  */
 339
 340   if (SEPARATE_STAB_SECTIONS)
 341     /* Output the stab information in a separate section.  This is used
 342        at least for COFF and ELF.  */
 343     {
 344       unsigned int stroff;
 345       char *p;
 346
 347       stroff = get_stab_string_offset (string, stabstr);
 348
 349       /* Release the string, if nobody else has used the obstack.
 350          This must be done before creating symbols below, which uses
 351          the notes obstack.  */
 352       if (saved_string_obstack_end == obstack_next_free (&notes))
 353         {
 354           obstack_free (&notes, string);
 355           saved_string_obstack_end = NULL;
 356         }
 357
 358       /* At least for now, stabs in a special stab section are always
 359          output as 12 byte blocks of information.  */
 360       p = frag_more (8);
 361       md_number_to_chars (p, (valueT) stroff, 4);
 362       md_number_to_chars (p + 4, (valueT) type, 1);
 363       md_number_to_chars (p + 5, (valueT) other, 1);
 364       md_number_to_chars (p + 6, (valueT) desc, 2);
 365
 366       if (what == 's' || what == 'n')
 367         {
 368           /* Pick up the value from the input line.  */
 369           cons (4);
 370           input_line_pointer--;
 371         }
 372       else
 373         {
 374           symbolS *symbol;
 375           expressionS exp;
 376
 377           /* Arrange for a value representing the current location.  */
 378           symbol = symbol_temp_new (saved_seg, saved_frag, dot);
 379
 380           exp.X_op = O_symbol;
 381           exp.X_add_symbol = symbol;
 382           exp.X_add_number = 0;
 383
 384           emit_expr (&exp, 4);
 385         }
 386
 387 #ifdef OBJ_PROCESS_STAB
 388       OBJ_PROCESS_STAB (what, string, type, other, desc);
 389 #endif
 390     }
 391   else
 392     {
 393 #ifdef OBJ_PROCESS_STAB
 394       OBJ_PROCESS_STAB (what, string, type, other, desc);
 395 #else
 396       abort ();
 397 #endif
 398     }
 399
 400   demand_empty_rest_of_line ();
 401  out:
 402   if (saved_string_obstack_end == obstack_next_free (&notes))
 403     obstack_free (&notes, string);
 404  out2:
 405   subseg_set (saved_seg, saved_subseg);
 406 }
 407
 408 /* Regular stab directive.  */
 409
 410 void
 411 s_stab (int what)
 412 {
 413   s_stab_generic (what, STAB_SECTION_NAME, STAB_STRING_SECTION_NAME, false);
 414 }
 415
 416 /* "Extended stabs", used in Solaris only now.  */
 417
 418 void
 419 s_xstab (int what)
 420 {
 421   int length;
 422   char *stab_secname, *stabstr_secname;
 423
 424   stab_secname = demand_copy_C_string (&length);
 425   SKIP_WHITESPACE ();
 426   if (*input_line_pointer == ',')
 427     {
 428       input_line_pointer++;
 429       /* To get the name of the stab string section, simply add
 430          "str" to the stab section name.  */
 431       stabstr_secname = notes_concat (stab_secname, "str", (char *) NULL);
 432       s_stab_generic (what, stab_secname, stabstr_secname, true);
 433     }
 434   else
 435     {
 436       as_bad (_("comma missing in .xstabs"));
 437       ignore_rest_of_line ();
 438     }
 439 }
 440
 441 #ifdef S_SET_DESC
 442
 443 /* Frob invented at RMS' request. Set the n_desc of a symbol.  */
 444
 445 void
 446 s_desc (int ignore ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
 447 {
 448   char *name;
 449   char c;
 450   char *p;
 451   symbolS *symbolP;
 452   int temp;
 453
 454   c = get_symbol_name (&name);
 455   p = input_line_pointer;
 456   *p = c;
 457   SKIP_WHITESPACE_AFTER_NAME ();
 458   if (*input_line_pointer != ',')
 459     {
 460       *p = 0;
 461       as_bad (_("expected comma after \"%s\""), name);
 462       *p = c;
 463       ignore_rest_of_line ();
 464     }
 465   else
 466     {
 467       input_line_pointer++;
 468       temp = get_absolute_expression ();
 469       *p = 0;
 470       symbolP = symbol_find_or_make (name);
 471       *p = c;
 472       S_SET_DESC (symbolP, temp);
 473     }
 474   demand_empty_rest_of_line ();
 475 }                               /* s_desc() */
 476
 477 #endif /* defined (S_SET_DESC) */
 478
 479 /* Generate stabs debugging information to denote the main source file.  */
 480
 481 void
 482 stabs_generate_asm_file (void)
 483 {
 484   const char *file;
 485   unsigned int lineno;
 486
 487   file = as_where (&lineno);
 488   if (use_gnu_debug_info_extensions)
 489     {
 490       char *dir;
 491       char *dir2;
 492
 493       dir = remap_debug_filename (getpwd ());
 494       dir2 = concat (dir, "/", NULL);
 495       generate_asm_file (N_SO, dir2);
 496       free (dir2);
 497       free (dir);
 498     }
 499   generate_asm_file (N_SO, file);
 500 }
 501
 502 /* Generate stabs debugging information to denote the source file.
 503    TYPE is one of N_SO, N_SOL.  */
 504
 505 static void
 506 generate_asm_file (int type, const char *file)
 507 {
 508   char sym[30];
 509   char *buf;
 510   const char *tmp = file;
 511   const char *file_endp = file + strlen (file);
 512   char *bufp;
 513
 514   if (last_asm_file != NULL
 515       && filename_cmp (last_asm_file, file) == 0)
 516     return;
 517
 518   /* Rather than try to do this in some efficient fashion, we just
 519      generate a string and then parse it again.  That lets us use the
 520      existing stabs hook, which expect to see a string, rather than
 521      inventing new ones.  */
 522   sprintf (sym, "%sF%d", FAKE_LABEL_NAME, file_label_count);
 523   ++file_label_count;
 524
 525   /* Allocate enough space for the file name (possibly extended with
 526      doubled up backslashes), the symbol name, and the other characters
 527      that make up a stabs file directive.  */
 528   bufp = buf = XNEWVEC (char, 2 * strlen (file) + strlen (sym) + 12);
 529
 530   *bufp++ = '"';
 531
 532   while (tmp < file_endp)
 533     {
 534       const char *bslash = strchr (tmp, '\\');
 535       size_t len = bslash != NULL ? bslash - tmp + 1 : file_endp - tmp;
 536
 537       /* Double all backslashes, since demand_copy_C_string (used by
 538          s_stab to extract the part in quotes) will try to replace them as
 539          escape sequences.  backslash may appear in a filespec.  */
 540       memcpy (bufp, tmp, len);
 541
 542       tmp += len;
 543       bufp += len;
 544
 545       if (bslash != NULL)
 546         *bufp++ = '\\';
 547     }
 548
 549   sprintf (bufp, "\",%d,0,0,%s\n", type, sym);
 550
 551   temp_ilp (buf);
 552   s_stab ('s');
 553   restore_ilp ();
 554
 555   colon (sym);
 556
 557   free (last_asm_file);
 558   last_asm_file = xstrdup (file);
 559
 560   free (buf);
 561 }
 562
 563 /* Generate stabs debugging information for the current line.  This is
 564    used to produce debugging information for an assembler file.  */
 565
 566 void
 567 stabs_generate_asm_lineno (void)
 568 {
 569   const char *file;
 570   unsigned int lineno;
 571   char *buf;
 572   char sym[30];
 573
 574   /* Rather than try to do this in some efficient fashion, we just
 575      generate a string and then parse it again.  That lets us use the
 576      existing stabs hook, which expect to see a string, rather than
 577      inventing new ones.  */
 578
 579   file = as_where (&lineno);
 580
 581   /* Don't emit sequences of stabs for the same line.  */
 582   if (prev_line_file != NULL
 583       && filename_cmp (file, prev_line_file) == 0)
 584     {
 585       if (lineno == prev_lineno)
 586         /* Same file/line as last time.  */
 587         return;
 588     }
 589   else
 590     {
 591       /* Remember file/line for next time.  */
 592       free (prev_line_file);
 593       prev_line_file = xstrdup (file);
 594     }
 595
 596   prev_lineno = lineno;
 597
 598   /* Let the world know that we are in the middle of generating a
 599      piece of stabs line debugging information.  */
 600   outputting_stabs_line_debug = 1;
 601
 602   generate_asm_file (N_SOL, file);
 603
 604   sprintf (sym, "%sL%d", FAKE_LABEL_NAME, line_label_count);
 605   ++line_label_count;
 606
 607   if (current_function_label)
 608     {
 609       buf = XNEWVEC (char, 100 + strlen (current_function_label));
 610       sprintf (buf, "%d,0,%d,%s-%s\n", N_SLINE, lineno,
 611                sym, current_function_label);
 612     }
 613   else
 614     {
 615       buf = XNEWVEC (char, 100);
 616       sprintf (buf, "%d,0,%d,%s\n", N_SLINE, lineno, sym);
 617     }
 618
 619   temp_ilp (buf);
 620   s_stab ('n');
 621   restore_ilp ();
 622
 623   colon (sym);
 624
 625   outputting_stabs_line_debug = 0;
 626   free (buf);
 627 }
 628
 629 /* Emit a function stab.
 630    All assembler functions are assumed to have return type `void'.  */
 631
 632 void
 633 stabs_generate_asm_func (const char *funcname, const char *startlabname)
 634 {
 635   char *buf;
 636   unsigned int lineno;
 637
 638   if (! void_emitted_p)
 639     {
 640       temp_ilp ((char *) "\"void:t1=1\",128,0,0,0");
 641       s_stab ('s');
 642       restore_ilp ();
 643       void_emitted_p = true;
 644     }
 645
 646   as_where (&lineno);
 647   if (asprintf (&buf, "\"%s:F1\",%d,0,%d,%s",
 648                 funcname, N_FUN, lineno + 1, startlabname) == -1)
 649     as_fatal ("%s", xstrerror (errno));
 650
 651   temp_ilp (buf);
 652   s_stab ('s');
 653   restore_ilp ();
 654   free (buf);
 655
 656   free ((char *) current_function_label);
 657   current_function_label = xstrdup (startlabname);
 658 }
 659
 660 /* Emit a stab to record the end of a function.  */
 661
 662 void
 663 stabs_generate_asm_endfunc (const char *funcname ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
 664                             const char *startlabname)
 665 {
 666   char *buf;
 667   char sym[30];
 668
 669   sprintf (sym, "%sendfunc%d", FAKE_LABEL_NAME, endfunc_label_count);
 670   ++endfunc_label_count;
 671   colon (sym);
 672
 673   if (asprintf (&buf, "\"\",%d,0,0,%s-%s", N_FUN, sym, startlabname) == -1)
 674     as_fatal ("%s", xstrerror (errno));
 675
 676   temp_ilp (buf);
 677   s_stab ('s');
 678   restore_ilp ();
 679   free (buf);
 680
 681   free ((char *) current_function_label);
 682   current_function_label = NULL;
 683 }
 684
 685 void
 686 stabs_begin (void)
 687 {
 688   current_function_label = NULL;
 689   last_asm_file = NULL;
 690   file_label_count = 0;
 691   line_label_count = 0;
 692   prev_lineno = -1u;
 693   prev_line_file = NULL;
 694   void_emitted_p = false;
 695   endfunc_label_count = 0;
 696 }
 697
 698 void
 699 stabs_end (void)
 700 {
 701   free ((char *) current_function_label);
 702   free (last_asm_file);
 703   free (prev_line_file);
 704 }