main/astmm.c

   1 /*
   2  * Asterisk -- An open source telephony toolkit.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 1999 - 2006, Digium, Inc.
   5  *
   6  * Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
   7  *
   8  * See http://www.asterisk.org for more information about
   9  * the Asterisk project. Please do not directly contact
  10  * any of the maintainers of this project for assistance;
  11  * the project provides a web site, mailing lists and IRC
  12  * channels for your use.
  13  *
  14  * This program is free software, distributed under the terms of
  15  * the GNU General Public License Version 2. See the LICENSE file
  16  * at the top of the source tree.
  17  */
  18
  19 /*! \file
  20  *
  21  * \brief Memory Management
  22  *
  23  * \author Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
  24  */
  25
  26 #ifdef __AST_DEBUG_MALLOC
  27
  28 #include "asterisk.h"
  29
  30 ASTERISK_FILE_VERSION(__FILE__, "$Revision$")
  31
  32 #include <stdio.h>
  33 #include <string.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35 #include <time.h>
  36
  37 #include "asterisk/cli.h"
  38 #include "asterisk/logger.h"
  39 #include "asterisk/options.h"
  40 #include "asterisk/lock.h"
  41 #include "asterisk/strings.h"
  42 #include "asterisk/unaligned.h"
  43
  44 #define SOME_PRIME 563
  45
  46 enum func_type {
  47         FUNC_CALLOC = 1,
  48         FUNC_MALLOC,
  49         FUNC_REALLOC,
  50         FUNC_STRDUP,
  51         FUNC_STRNDUP,
  52         FUNC_VASPRINTF,
  53         FUNC_ASPRINTF
  54 };
  55
  56 /* Undefine all our macros */
  57 #undef malloc
  58 #undef calloc
  59 #undef realloc
  60 #undef strdup
  61 #undef strndup
  62 #undef free
  63 #undef vasprintf
  64 #undef asprintf
  65
  66 #define FENCE_MAGIC 0xdeadbeef
  67
  68 static FILE *mmlog;
  69
  70 /* NOTE: Be EXTREMELY careful with modifying this structure; the total size of this structure
  71    must result in 'automatic' alignment so that the 'fence' field lands exactly at the end of
  72    the structure in memory (and thus immediately before the allocated region the fence is
  73    supposed to be used to monitor). In other words, we cannot allow the compiler to insert
  74    any padding between this structure and anything following it, so add up the sizes of all the
  75    fields and compare to sizeof(struct ast_region)... if they don't match, then the compiler
  76    is padding the structure and either the fields need to be rearranged to eliminate internal
  77    padding, or a dummy field will need to be inserted before the 'fence' field to push it to
  78    the end of the actual space it will consume. Note that this must be checked for both 32-bit
  79    and 64-bit platforms, as the sizes of pointers and 'size_t' differ on these platforms.
  80 */
  81
  82 static struct ast_region {
  83         struct ast_region *next;
  84         size_t len;
  85         char file[40];
  86         char func[40];
  87         unsigned int lineno;
  88         enum func_type which;
  89         unsigned int cache;             /* region was allocated as part of a cache pool */
  90         unsigned int fence;
  91         unsigned char data[0];
  92 } *regions[SOME_PRIME];
  93
  94 #define HASH(a) \
  95         (((unsigned long)(a)) % SOME_PRIME)
  96
  97 AST_MUTEX_DEFINE_STATIC_NOTRACKING(reglock);
  98
  99 #define astmm_log(...)                               \
 100         do {                                         \
 101                 fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__);        \
 102                 if (mmlog) {                         \
 103                         fprintf(mmlog, __VA_ARGS__); \
 104                         fflush(mmlog);               \
 105                 }                                    \
 106         } while (0)
 107
 108 static inline void *__ast_alloc_region(size_t size, const enum func_type which, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func, unsigned int cache)
 109 {
 110         struct ast_region *reg;
 111         void *ptr = NULL;
 112         unsigned int *fence;
 113         int hash;
 114
 115         if (!(reg = malloc(size + sizeof(*reg) + sizeof(*fence)))) {
 116                 astmm_log("Memory Allocation Failure - '%d' bytes in function %s "
 117                           "at line %d of %s\n", (int) size, func, lineno, file);
 118         }
 119
 120         ast_copy_string(reg->file, file, sizeof(reg->file));
 121         ast_copy_string(reg->func, func, sizeof(reg->func));
 122         reg->lineno = lineno;
 123         reg->len = size;
 124         reg->which = which;
 125         reg->cache = cache;
 126         ptr = reg->data;
 127         hash = HASH(ptr);
 128         reg->fence = FENCE_MAGIC;
 129         fence = (ptr + reg->len);
 130         put_unaligned_uint32(fence, FENCE_MAGIC);
 131
 132         ast_mutex_lock(&reglock);
 133         reg->next = regions[hash];
 134         regions[hash] = reg;
 135         ast_mutex_unlock(&reglock);
 136
 137         return ptr;
 138 }
 139
 140 static inline size_t __ast_sizeof_region(void *ptr)
 141 {
 142         int hash = HASH(ptr);
 143         struct ast_region *reg;
 144         size_t len = 0;
 145
 146         ast_mutex_lock(&reglock);
 147         for (reg = regions[hash]; reg; reg = reg->next) {
 148                 if (reg->data == ptr) {
 149                         len = reg->len;
 150                         break;
 151                 }
 152         }
 153         ast_mutex_unlock(&reglock);
 154
 155         return len;
 156 }
 157
 158 static void __ast_free_region(void *ptr, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func)
 159 {
 160         int hash = HASH(ptr);
 161         struct ast_region *reg, *prev = NULL;
 162         unsigned int *fence;
 163
 164         ast_mutex_lock(&reglock);
 165         for (reg = regions[hash]; reg; reg = reg->next) {
 166                 if (reg->data == ptr) {
 167                         if (prev)
 168                                 prev->next = reg->next;
 169                         else
 170                                 regions[hash] = reg->next;
 171                         break;
 172                 }
 173                 prev = reg;
 174         }
 175         ast_mutex_unlock(&reglock);
 176
 177         if (reg) {
 178                 fence = (unsigned int *)(reg->data + reg->len);
 179                 if (reg->fence != FENCE_MAGIC) {
 180                         astmm_log("WARNING: Low fence violation at %p, in %s of %s, "
 181                                 "line %d\n", reg->data, reg->func, reg->file, reg->lineno);
 182                 }
 183                 if (get_unaligned_uint32(fence) != FENCE_MAGIC) {
 184                         astmm_log("WARNING: High fence violation at %p, in %s of %s, "
 185                                 "line %d\n", reg->data, reg->func, reg->file, reg->lineno);
 186                 }
 187                 free(reg);
 188         } else {
 189                 astmm_log("WARNING: Freeing unused memory at %p, in %s of %s, line %d\n",
 190                         ptr, func, file, lineno);
 191         }
 192 }
 193
 194 void *__ast_calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func)
 195 {
 196         void *ptr;
 197
 198         if ((ptr = __ast_alloc_region(size * nmemb, FUNC_CALLOC, file, lineno, func, 0)))
 199                 memset(ptr, 0, size * nmemb);
 200
 201         return ptr;
 202 }
 203
 204 void *__ast_calloc_cache(size_t nmemb, size_t size, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func)
 205 {
 206         void *ptr;
 207
 208         if ((ptr = __ast_alloc_region(size * nmemb, FUNC_CALLOC, file, lineno, func, 1)))
 209                 memset(ptr, 0, size * nmemb);
 210
 211         return ptr;
 212 }
 213
 214 void *__ast_malloc(size_t size, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func)
 215 {
 216         return __ast_alloc_region(size, FUNC_MALLOC, file, lineno, func, 0);
 217 }
 218
 219 void __ast_free(void *ptr, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func)
 220 {
 221         __ast_free_region(ptr, file, lineno, func);
 222 }
 223
 224 void *__ast_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func)
 225 {
 226         void *tmp;
 227         size_t len = 0;
 228
 229         if (ptr && !(len = __ast_sizeof_region(ptr))) {
 230                 astmm_log("WARNING: Realloc of unalloced memory at %p, in %s of %s, "
 231                         "line %d\n", ptr, func, file, lineno);
 232                 return NULL;
 233         }
 234
 235         if (!(tmp = __ast_alloc_region(size, FUNC_REALLOC, file, lineno, func, 0)))
 236                 return NULL;
 237
 238         if (len > size)
 239                 len = size;
 240         if (ptr) {
 241                 memcpy(tmp, ptr, len);
 242                 __ast_free_region(ptr, file, lineno, func);
 243         }
 244
 245         return tmp;
 246 }
 247
 248 char *__ast_strdup(const char *s, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func)
 249 {
 250         size_t len;
 251         void *ptr;
 252
 253         if (!s)
 254                 return NULL;
 255
 256         len = strlen(s) + 1;
 257         if ((ptr = __ast_alloc_region(len, FUNC_STRDUP, file, lineno, func, 0)))
 258                 strcpy(ptr, s);
 259
 260         return ptr;
 261 }
 262
 263 char *__ast_strndup(const char *s, size_t n, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func)
 264 {
 265         size_t len;
 266         void *ptr;
 267
 268         if (!s)
 269                 return NULL;
 270
 271         len = strlen(s) + 1;
 272         if (len > n)
 273                 len = n;
 274         if ((ptr = __ast_alloc_region(len, FUNC_STRNDUP, file, lineno, func, 0)))
 275                 strcpy(ptr, s);
 276
 277         return ptr;
 278 }
 279
 280 int __ast_asprintf(const char *file, int lineno, const char *func, char **strp, const char *fmt, ...)
 281 {
 282         int size;
 283         va_list ap, ap2;
 284         char s;
 285
 286         *strp = NULL;
 287         va_start(ap, fmt);
 288         va_copy(ap2, ap);
 289         size = vsnprintf(&s, 1, fmt, ap2);
 290         va_end(ap2);
 291         if (!(*strp = __ast_alloc_region(size + 1, FUNC_ASPRINTF, file, lineno, func, 0))) {
 292                 va_end(ap);
 293                 return -1;
 294         }
 295         vsnprintf(*strp, size + 1, fmt, ap);
 296         va_end(ap);
 297
 298         return size;
 299 }
 300
 301 int __ast_vasprintf(char **strp, const char *fmt, va_list ap, const char *file, int lineno, const char *func)
 302 {
 303         int size;
 304         va_list ap2;
 305         char s;
 306
 307         *strp = NULL;
 308         va_copy(ap2, ap);
 309         size = vsnprintf(&s, 1, fmt, ap2);
 310         va_end(ap2);
 311         if (!(*strp = __ast_alloc_region(size + 1, FUNC_VASPRINTF, file, lineno, func, 0))) {
 312                 va_end(ap);
 313                 return -1;
 314         }
 315         vsnprintf(*strp, size + 1, fmt, ap);
 316
 317         return size;
 318 }
 319
 320 static int handle_show_memory(int fd, int argc, char *argv[])
 321 {
 322         char *fn = NULL;
 323         struct ast_region *reg;
 324         unsigned int x;
 325         unsigned int len = 0;
 326         unsigned int cache_len = 0;
 327         unsigned int count = 0;
 328         unsigned int *fence;
 329
 330         if (argc > 3)
 331                 fn = argv[3];
 332
 333         ast_mutex_lock(&reglock);
 334         for (x = 0; x < SOME_PRIME; x++) {
 335                 for (reg = regions[x]; reg; reg = reg->next) {
 336                         if (!fn || !strcasecmp(fn, reg->file) || !strcasecmp(fn, "anomolies")) {
 337                                 fence = (unsigned int *)(reg->data + reg->len);
 338                                 if (reg->fence != FENCE_MAGIC) {
 339                                         astmm_log("WARNING: Low fence violation at %p, "
 340                                                 "in %s of %s, line %d\n", reg->data,
 341                                                 reg->func, reg->file, reg->lineno);
 342                                 }
 343                                 if (get_unaligned_uint32(fence) != FENCE_MAGIC) {
 344                                         astmm_log("WARNING: High fence violation at %p, in %s of %s, "
 345                                                 "line %d\n", reg->data, reg->func, reg->file, reg->lineno);
 346                                 }
 347                         }
 348                         if (!fn || !strcasecmp(fn, reg->file)) {
 349                                 ast_cli(fd, "%10d bytes allocated%s in %20s at line %5d of %s\n",
 350                                         (int) reg->len, reg->cache ? " (cache)" : "",
 351                                         reg->func, reg->lineno, reg->file);
 352                                 len += reg->len;
 353                                 if (reg->cache)
 354                                         cache_len += reg->len;
 355                                 count++;
 356                         }
 357                 }
 358         }
 359         ast_mutex_unlock(&reglock);
 360
 361         if (cache_len)
 362                 ast_cli(fd, "%d bytes allocated (%d in caches) in %d allocations\n", len, cache_len, count);
 363         else
 364                 ast_cli(fd, "%d bytes allocated in %d allocations\n", len, count);
 365
 366         return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 367 }
 368
 369 static int handle_show_memory_summary(int fd, int argc, char *argv[])
 370 {
 371         char *fn = NULL;
 372         int x;
 373         struct ast_region *reg;
 374         unsigned int len = 0;
 375         unsigned int cache_len = 0;
 376         int count = 0;
 377         struct file_summary {
 378                 char fn[80];
 379                 int len;
 380                 int cache_len;
 381                 int count;
 382                 struct file_summary *next;
 383         } *list = NULL, *cur;
 384
 385         if (argc > 3)
 386                 fn = argv[3];
 387
 388         ast_mutex_lock(&reglock);
 389         for (x = 0; x < SOME_PRIME; x++) {
 390                 for (reg = regions[x]; reg; reg = reg->next) {
 391                         if (fn && strcasecmp(fn, reg->file))
 392                                 continue;
 393
 394                         for (cur = list; cur; cur = cur->next) {
 395                                 if ((!fn && !strcmp(cur->fn, reg->file)) || (fn && !strcmp(cur->fn, reg->func)))
 396                                         break;
 397                         }
 398                         if (!cur) {
 399                                 cur = alloca(sizeof(*cur));
 400                                 memset(cur, 0, sizeof(*cur));
 401                                 ast_copy_string(cur->fn, fn ? reg->func : reg->file, sizeof(cur->fn));
 402                                 cur->next = list;
 403                                 list = cur;
 404                         }
 405
 406                         cur->len += reg->len;
 407                         if (reg->cache)
 408                                 cur->cache_len += reg->len;
 409                         cur->count++;
 410                 }
 411         }
 412         ast_mutex_unlock(&reglock);
 413
 414         /* Dump the whole list */
 415         for (cur = list; cur; cur = cur->next) {
 416                 len += cur->len;
 417                 cache_len += cur->cache_len;
 418                 count += cur->count;
 419                 if (cur->cache_len) {
 420                         if (fn) {
 421                                 ast_cli(fd, "%10d bytes (%10d cache) in %d allocations in function '%s' of '%s'\n",
 422                                         cur->len, cur->cache_len, cur->count, cur->fn, fn);
 423                         } else {
 424                                 ast_cli(fd, "%10d bytes (%10d cache) in %d allocations in file '%s'\n",
 425                                         cur->len, cur->cache_len, cur->count, cur->fn);
 426                         }
 427                 } else {
 428                         if (fn) {
 429                                 ast_cli(fd, "%10d bytes in %d allocations in function '%s' of '%s'\n",
 430                                         cur->len, cur->count, cur->fn, fn);
 431                         } else {
 432                                 ast_cli(fd, "%10d bytes in %d allocations in file '%s'\n",
 433                                         cur->len, cur->count, cur->fn);
 434                         }
 435                 }
 436         }
 437
 438         if (cache_len)
 439                 ast_cli(fd, "%d bytes allocated (%d in caches) in %d allocations\n", len, cache_len, count);
 440         else
 441                 ast_cli(fd, "%d bytes allocated in %d allocations\n", len, count);
 442
 443         return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 444 }
 445
 446 static char show_memory_help[] =
 447 "Usage: memory show allocations [<file>]\n"
 448 "       Dumps a list of all segments of allocated memory, optionally\n"
 449 "limited to those from a specific file\n";
 450
 451 static char show_memory_summary_help[] =
 452 "Usage: memory show summary [<file>]\n"
 453 "       Summarizes heap memory allocations by file, or optionally\n"
 454 "by function, if a file is specified\n";
 455
 456 static struct ast_cli_entry cli_show_memory_allocations_deprecated = {
 457         { "show", "memory", "allocations", NULL },
 458         handle_show_memory, NULL,
 459         NULL };
 460
 461 static struct ast_cli_entry cli_show_memory_summary_deprecated = {
 462         { "show", "memory", "summary", NULL },
 463         handle_show_memory_summary, NULL,
 464         NULL };
 465
 466 static struct ast_cli_entry cli_memory[] = {
 467         { { "memory", "show", "allocations", NULL },
 468         handle_show_memory, "Display outstanding memory allocations",
 469         show_memory_help, NULL, &cli_show_memory_allocations_deprecated },
 470
 471         { { "memory", "show", "summary", NULL },
 472         handle_show_memory_summary, "Summarize outstanding memory allocations",
 473         show_memory_summary_help, NULL, &cli_show_memory_summary_deprecated },
 474 };
 475
 476 void __ast_mm_init(void)
 477 {
 478         char filename[PATH_MAX];
 479         size_t pad = sizeof(struct ast_region) - offsetof(struct ast_region, data);
 480
 481         if (pad) {
 482                 ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "struct ast_region has %d bytes of padding! This must be eliminated for low-fence checking to work properly!\n", (int) pad);
 483         }
 484
 485         ast_cli_register_multiple(cli_memory, sizeof(cli_memory) / sizeof(struct ast_cli_entry));
 486
 487         snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s/mmlog", (char *)ast_config_AST_LOG_DIR);
 488
 489         if (option_verbose)
 490                 ast_verbose("Asterisk Malloc Debugger Started (see %s))\n", filename);
 491
 492         if ((mmlog = fopen(filename, "a+"))) {
 493                 fprintf(mmlog, "%ld - New session\n", (long)time(NULL));
 494                 fflush(mmlog);
 495         }
 496 }
 497
 498 #endif