1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
4 The kernel module part of this program messes with internal affairs of
5 the kernel, while best effort was put into making it safe, there are:
7 NO GUARANTEES WHATSOEVER
9 Furthermore removing the previous versions of the module (via
10 rmmod(8)) caused one particular kernel version to panic
11 (2.6.8-2-686-SMP form Debian), to the best of my current knowledge
12 panics are only possible on SMP machines (and with maxcpus > 1). Pair
13 of safety nets were added and this particular kernel no longer panics
14 upon module removal, but, again, three words in caps above apply.
16 The module expects certain things not to happen at particular point in
17 execution, otherwise the information kernel module exports can not be
18 trusted. Those `things' did happen on aforementioned Debian kernel,
19 so if you need to run APC there you might want to uncomment first line
22 2.4 series of kernels were never tested on SMP as such the module will
23 refuse to build for them.
25 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
26 This is APC - graphical CPU load meter.
28 It is more suitable/accurate in situations where applications generate
29 "short" periodic bursts of activity.
31 It works by measuring the time spent in the kernels idle handler. CPU
32 load time is taken to mean:
34 time spent in idle handler
35 1 - --------------------------
38 Con Kolivas in his post on LKML (http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/2/12/7)
39 described the way Linux gathers information that it exports to
40 `/proc/stat' (at least for "boring" architectures), this method is by
41 no means accurate and can "lie" in either direction.
43 You can witness this by running the `hog' example and, if stars are
44 aligned correctly, you will notice that something is wrong with what
45 `/proc/stat' claims. Since most of the CPU monitoring applications use
46 `/proc/stat' they will produce incorrect results too.
48 Note that dyntick kernels will most likely produce different but
49 nonetheless still incorrect accounting.
51 Kernel (starting with version 2.6.21) comes with a document describing
52 the way accounting is currently done and problems with this approach
53 (Documentation/cpu-load.txt)
55 Following thread describes a take on addressing the issue properly:
56 http://marc.info/?t=117480935100001&r=1&w=2
58 Apart from being inaccurate, `/proc/stat' exports monotonically
59 increasing load times but _NOT_ real time[1], so there's omni-present
60 sub-jiffy error. Not to mention that jiffy resolution is somewhat low.
62 If you depend on sorta-kinda semi-correct load meter in situation when
63 `/proc/stat' is disconnected with reality APC might present a better
66 The kernel module part of APC tries to insert itself as a power
67 management idle handler and when invoked measure how much time is
68 spent executing previous/default one - this information is represented
69 by yellow color, values obtained via `/proc/stat' are represented by
72 You can use `-help' command line option to get a brief overview of
77 Linux 2.4.30 - AMD Athlon(tm) Processor (1.4 Ghz)
79 Linux 2.6.19.2 - AMD Athlon(tm)64 X2 Dual Core Processor 3800+
80 Linux 2.6.18 - AMD Athlon(tm)64 3800+
81 Linux 2.6.18.3 - PowerPC 7447A
82 Linux 2.6.20.1 - PowerPC 7447A
83 Linux 2.6.19 - [some Core 2 Duo]
85 It's possible that RMClock[3] does something similar(load measuring
86 wise) on Microsoft Windows.
88 [1] Unlike `/proc/uptime'. But this one is useless for SMP
89 [2] SMP not tested on 2.4 kernels, nor QUIRK mode. SMP on PPC wasn't
91 [3] http://cpu.rightmark.org/products/rmclock.shtml
93 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
94 To build you will need:
96 OCaml - http://caml.inria.fr/ocaml/
97 LablGL - http://wwwfun.kurims.kyoto-u.ac.jp/soft/lsl/lablgl.html
98 (and by extension some OpenGL implementation)
99 GLUT - http://www.opengl.org/resources/libraries/glut/
100 http://freeglut.sourceforge.net/
101 GCC - http://gcc.gnu.org/
103 Plus all what is required to build a kernel module.
107 <untar and go to directory with sources>
110 # if following step fails(on X86) read next section before trying to
112 $ su -c 'insmod mod/itc.ko' - 2.6 Kernels
113 $ su -c 'insmod mod/itc.o' - 2.4 Kernels
115 $ su -c "chmod +r /dev/itc"
117 [make sure you are in X]
120 ``````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
121 Following applies only to Linux running on X86.
123 If the module fails to load consult dmesg(8). Most likely cause is the
124 lack of exported `default_idle' function. Few workarounds follow.
129 Add `idle=halt' to the kernel command line (method depends on
130 the boot-loader) and reboot.
132 Variant 2 (DANGEROUS)
133 --------------------------------------------------------------
135 $ func=$(awk '/default_idle$/ {print "0x" $1}' /proc/kallsyms)
136 $ su -c "/sbin/insmod mod/itc.ko idle_func=$func"
138 --------------------------------------------------------------
140 $ func=$(awk '/default_idle$/ {print "0x" $1}' /proc/ksyms)
141 $ su -c "/sbin/insmod mod/itc.o idle_func=$func"
143 ======================================================================