1 The output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree",
2 "git-diff-files" and "git diff --raw" are very similar.
4 These commands all compare two sets of things; what is
7 git-diff-index <tree-ish>::
8 compares the <tree-ish> and the files on the filesystem.
10 git-diff-index --cached <tree-ish>::
11 compares the <tree-ish> and the index.
13 git-diff-tree [-r] <tree-ish-1> <tree-ish-2> [<pattern>...]::
14 compares the trees named by the two arguments.
16 git-diff-files [<pattern>...]::
17 compares the index and the files on the filesystem.
20 An output line is formatted this way:
22 ------------------------------------------------
23 in-place edit :100644 100644 bcd1234... 0123456... M file0
24 copy-edit :100644 100644 abcd123... 1234567... C68 file1 file2
25 rename-edit :100644 100644 abcd123... 1234567... R86 file1 file3
26 create :000000 100644 0000000... 1234567... A file4
27 delete :100644 000000 1234567... 0000000... D file5
28 unmerged :000000 000000 0000000... 0000000... U file6
29 ------------------------------------------------
31 That is, from the left to the right:
34 . mode for "src"; 000000 if creation or unmerged.
36 . mode for "dst"; 000000 if deletion or unmerged.
38 . sha1 for "src"; 0\{40\} if creation or unmerged.
40 . sha1 for "dst"; 0\{40\} if creation, unmerged or "look at work tree".
42 . status, followed by optional "score" number.
43 . a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used.
45 . a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used; only exists for C or R.
46 . path for "dst"; only exists for C or R.
47 . an LF or a NUL when '-z' option is used, to terminate the record.
49 <sha1> is shown as all 0's if a file is new on the filesystem
50 and it is out of sync with the index.
54 ------------------------------------------------
55 :100644 100644 5be4a4...... 000000...... M file.c
56 ------------------------------------------------
58 When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
59 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
62 diff format for merges
63 ----------------------
65 "git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff --raw"
66 can take '-c' or '--cc' option
67 to generate diff output also for merge commits. The output differs
68 from the format described above in the following way:
70 . there is a colon for each parent
71 . there are more "src" modes and "src" sha1
72 . status is concatenated status characters for each parent
73 . no optional "score" number
74 . single path, only for "dst"
78 ------------------------------------------------
79 ::100644 100644 100644 fabadb8... cc95eb0... 4866510... MM describe.c
80 ------------------------------------------------
82 Note that 'combined diff' lists only files which were modified from
86 Generating patches with -p
87 --------------------------
89 When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
90 with a '-p' option, or "git diff" without the '--raw' option, they
91 do not produce the output described above; instead they produce a
92 patch file. You can customize the creation of such patches via the
93 GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS environment variables.
95 What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
98 1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
101 diff --git a/file1 b/file2
103 The `a/` and `b/` filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
104 involved. Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
105 `/dev/null` is _not_ used in place of `a/` or `b/` filenames.
107 When rename/copy is involved, `file1` and `file2` show the
108 name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
109 the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.
111 2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines:
115 deleted file mode <mode>
121 similarity index <number>
122 dissimilarity index <number>
123 index <hash>..<hash> <mode>
125 3. TAB, LF, double quote and backslash characters in pathnames
126 are represented as `\t`, `\n`, `\"` and `\\`, respectively.
127 If there is need for such substitution then the whole
128 pathname is put in double quotes.
130 The similarity index is the percentage of unchanged lines, and
131 the dissimilarity index is the percentage of changed lines. It
132 is a rounded down integer, followed by a percent sign. The
133 similarity index value of 100% is thus reserved for two equal
134 files, while 100% dissimilarity means that no line from the old
135 file made it into the new one.
141 "git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff" can take '-c' or
142 '--cc' option to produce 'combined diff', which looks like this:
145 diff --combined describe.c
146 index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
149 @@@ -98,20 -98,12 +98,20 @@@
150 return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
153 - static void describe(char *arg)
154 -static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
155 ++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
157 + unsigned char sha1[20];
158 + struct commit *cmit;
159 struct commit_list *list;
160 static int initialized = 0;
161 struct commit_name *n;
163 + if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) < 0)
164 + usage(describe_usage);
165 + cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
167 + usage(describe_usage);
171 for_each_ref(get_name);
174 1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
175 this (when '-c' option is used):
179 or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
183 2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines
184 (this example shows a merge with two parents):
186 index <hash>,<hash>..<hash>
187 mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>
189 deleted file mode <mode>,<mode>
191 The `mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>` line appears only if at least one of
192 the <mode> is different from the rest. Extended headers with
193 information about detected contents movement (renames and
194 copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two
195 <tree-ish> and are not used by combined diff format.
197 3. It is followed by two-line from-file/to-file header
202 Similar to two-line header for traditional 'unified' diff
203 format, `/dev/null` is used to signal created or deleted
206 4. Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from
207 accidentally feeding it to `patch -p1`. Combined diff format
208 was created for review of merge commit changes, and was not
209 meant for apply. The change is similar to the change in the
210 extended 'index' header:
212 @@@ <from-file-range> <from-file-range> <to-file-range> @@@
214 There are (number of parents + 1) `@` characters in the chunk
215 header for combined diff format.
217 Unlike the traditional 'unified' diff format, which shows two
218 files A and B with a single column that has `-` (minus --
219 appears in A but removed in B), `+` (plus -- missing in A but
220 added to B), or `" "` (space -- unchanged) prefix, this format
221 compares two or more files file1, file2,... with one file X, and
222 shows how X differs from each of fileN. One column for each of
223 fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X's line is
226 A `-` character in the column N means that the line appears in
227 fileN but it does not appear in the result. A `+` character
228 in the column N means that the line appears in the last file,
229 and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
230 added, from the point of view of that parent).
232 In the above example output, the function signature was changed
233 from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
234 file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
235 in either file1 nor file2). Also two other lines are the same
236 from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with ` +`).
238 When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
239 merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
240 parents). When shown by `git diff-files -c`, it compares the
241 two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
242 (i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka