6 git - the stupid content tracker
12 'git' [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
13 [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
14 [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
15 [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
20 Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an
21 unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
22 and full access to internals.
24 See linkgit:gittutorial[7] to get started, then see
25 linkgit:giteveryday[7] for a useful minimum set of
26 commands. The link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] has a more
27 in-depth introduction.
29 After you mastered the basic concepts, you can come back to this
30 page to learn what commands Git offers. You can learn more about
31 individual Git commands with "git help command". linkgit:gitcli[7]
32 manual page gives you an overview of the command-line command syntax.
34 Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest Git documentation
35 can be viewed at `http://git-htmldocs.googlecode.com/git/git.html`.
41 You are reading the documentation for the latest (possibly
42 unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master'
43 branch of the `git.git` repository.
44 Documentation for older releases are available here:
46 * link:v2.7.1/git.html[documentation for release 2.7.1]
49 link:RelNotes/2.7.1.txt[2.7.1],
50 link:RelNotes/2.7.0.txt[2.7].
52 * link:v2.6.5/git.html[documentation for release 2.6.5]
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59 link:RelNotes/2.6.1.txt[2.6.1],
60 link:RelNotes/2.6.0.txt[2.6].
62 * link:v2.5.4/git.html[documentation for release 2.5.4]
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69 link:RelNotes/2.5.0.txt[2.5].
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83 link:RelNotes/2.4.1.txt[2.4.1],
84 link:RelNotes/2.4.0.txt[2.4].
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99 link:RelNotes/2.3.0.txt[2.3].
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106 link:RelNotes/2.2.1.txt[2.2.1],
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476 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.3.txt[1.5.0.3],
477 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.2.txt[1.5.0.2],
478 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.1.txt[1.5.0.1],
479 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.txt[1.5.0].
481 * documentation for release link:v1.4.4.4/git.html[1.4.4.4],
482 link:v1.3.3/git.html[1.3.3],
483 link:v1.2.6/git.html[1.2.6],
484 link:v1.0.13/git.html[1.0.13].
493 Prints the Git suite version that the 'git' program came from.
496 Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used
497 commands. If the option '--all' or '-a' is given then all
498 available commands are printed. If a Git command is named this
499 option will bring up the manual page for that command.
501 Other options are available to control how the manual page is
502 displayed. See linkgit:git-help[1] for more information,
503 because `git --help ...` is converted internally into `git
507 Run as if git was started in '<path>' instead of the current working
508 directory. When multiple `-C` options are given, each subsequent
509 non-absolute `-C <path>` is interpreted relative to the preceding `-C
512 This option affects options that expect path name like `--git-dir` and
513 `--work-tree` in that their interpretations of the path names would be
514 made relative to the working directory caused by the `-C` option. For
515 example the following invocations are equivalent:
517 git --git-dir=a.git --work-tree=b -C c status
518 git --git-dir=c/a.git --work-tree=c/b status
521 Pass a configuration parameter to the command. The value
522 given will override values from configuration files.
523 The <name> is expected in the same format as listed by
524 'git config' (subkeys separated by dots).
526 Note that omitting the `=` in `git -c foo.bar ...` is allowed and sets
527 `foo.bar` to the boolean true value (just like `[foo]bar` would in a
528 config file). Including the equals but with an empty value (like `git -c
529 foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string.
531 --exec-path[=<path>]::
532 Path to wherever your core Git programs are installed.
533 This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_EXEC_PATH
534 environment variable. If no path is given, 'git' will print
535 the current setting and then exit.
538 Print the path, without trailing slash, where Git's HTML
539 documentation is installed and exit.
542 Print the manpath (see `man(1)`) for the man pages for
543 this version of Git and exit.
546 Print the path where the Info files documenting this
547 version of Git are installed and exit.
551 Pipe all output into 'less' (or if set, $PAGER) if standard
552 output is a terminal. This overrides the `pager.<cmd>`
553 configuration options (see the "Configuration Mechanism" section
557 Do not pipe Git output into a pager.
560 Set the path to the repository. This can also be controlled by
561 setting the GIT_DIR environment variable. It can be an absolute
562 path or relative path to current working directory.
565 Set the path to the working tree. It can be an absolute path
566 or a path relative to the current working directory.
567 This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_WORK_TREE
568 environment variable and the core.worktree configuration
569 variable (see core.worktree in linkgit:git-config[1] for a
570 more detailed discussion).
573 Set the Git namespace. See linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for more
574 details. Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment
578 Treat the repository as a bare repository. If GIT_DIR
579 environment is not set, it is set to the current working
582 --no-replace-objects::
583 Do not use replacement refs to replace Git objects. See
584 linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information.
586 --literal-pathspecs::
587 Treat pathspecs literally (i.e. no globbing, no pathspec magic).
588 This is equivalent to setting the `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS` environment
592 Add "glob" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
593 the `GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`. Disabling
594 globbing on individual pathspecs can be done using pathspec
598 Add "literal" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
599 the `GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`. Enabling
600 globbing on individual pathspecs can be done using pathspec
604 Add "icase" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
605 the `GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`.
610 We divide Git into high level ("porcelain") commands and low level
611 ("plumbing") commands.
613 High-level commands (porcelain)
614 -------------------------------
616 We separate the porcelain commands into the main commands and some
617 ancillary user utilities.
619 Main porcelain commands
620 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
622 include::cmds-mainporcelain.txt[]
628 include::cmds-ancillarymanipulators.txt[]
632 include::cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt[]
635 Interacting with Others
636 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
638 These commands are to interact with foreign SCM and with other
639 people via patch over e-mail.
641 include::cmds-foreignscminterface.txt[]
644 Low-level commands (plumbing)
645 -----------------------------
647 Although Git includes its
648 own porcelain layer, its low-level commands are sufficient to support
649 development of alternative porcelains. Developers of such porcelains
650 might start by reading about linkgit:git-update-index[1] and
651 linkgit:git-read-tree[1].
653 The interface (input, output, set of options and the semantics)
654 to these low-level commands are meant to be a lot more stable
655 than Porcelain level commands, because these commands are
656 primarily for scripted use. The interface to Porcelain commands
657 on the other hand are subject to change in order to improve the
660 The following description divides
661 the low-level commands into commands that manipulate objects (in
662 the repository, index, and working tree), commands that interrogate and
663 compare objects, and commands that move objects and references between
667 Manipulation commands
668 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
670 include::cmds-plumbingmanipulators.txt[]
673 Interrogation commands
674 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
676 include::cmds-plumbinginterrogators.txt[]
678 In general, the interrogate commands do not touch the files in
682 Synching repositories
683 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
685 include::cmds-synchingrepositories.txt[]
687 The following are helper commands used by the above; end users
688 typically do not use them directly.
690 include::cmds-synchelpers.txt[]
693 Internal helper commands
694 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
696 These are internal helper commands used by other commands; end
697 users typically do not use them directly.
699 include::cmds-purehelpers.txt[]
702 Configuration Mechanism
703 -----------------------
705 Git uses a simple text format to store customizations that are per
706 repository and are per user. Such a configuration file may look
711 # A '#' or ';' character indicates a comment.
716 ; Don't trust file modes
721 name = "Junio C Hamano"
722 email = "gitster@pobox.com"
726 Various commands read from the configuration file and adjust
727 their operation accordingly. See linkgit:git-config[1] for a
728 list and more details about the configuration mechanism.
731 Identifier Terminology
732 ----------------------
734 Indicates the object name for any type of object.
737 Indicates a blob object name.
740 Indicates a tree object name.
743 Indicates a commit object name.
746 Indicates a tree, commit or tag object name. A
747 command that takes a <tree-ish> argument ultimately wants to
748 operate on a <tree> object but automatically dereferences
749 <commit> and <tag> objects that point at a <tree>.
752 Indicates a commit or tag object name. A
753 command that takes a <commit-ish> argument ultimately wants to
754 operate on a <commit> object but automatically dereferences
755 <tag> objects that point at a <commit>.
758 Indicates that an object type is required.
759 Currently one of: `blob`, `tree`, `commit`, or `tag`.
762 Indicates a filename - almost always relative to the
763 root of the tree structure `GIT_INDEX_FILE` describes.
767 Any Git command accepting any <object> can also use the following
771 indicates the head of the current branch.
775 (i.e. a `refs/tags/<tag>` reference).
779 (i.e. a `refs/heads/<head>` reference).
781 For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
782 "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
785 File/Directory Structure
786 ------------------------
788 Please see the linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] document.
790 Read linkgit:githooks[5] for more details about each hook.
792 Higher level SCMs may provide and manage additional information in the
798 Please see linkgit:gitglossary[7].
801 Environment Variables
802 ---------------------
803 Various Git commands use the following environment variables:
807 These environment variables apply to 'all' core Git commands. Nb: it
808 is worth noting that they may be used/overridden by SCMS sitting above
809 Git so take care if using a foreign front-end.
812 This environment allows the specification of an alternate
813 index file. If not specified, the default of `$GIT_DIR/index`
816 'GIT_INDEX_VERSION'::
817 This environment variable allows the specification of an index
818 version for new repositories. It won't affect existing index
819 files. By default index file version 2 or 3 is used. See
820 linkgit:git-update-index[1] for more information.
822 'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY'::
823 If the object storage directory is specified via this
824 environment variable then the sha1 directories are created
825 underneath - otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects`
828 'GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES'::
829 Due to the immutable nature of Git objects, old objects can be
830 archived into shared, read-only directories. This variable
831 specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list
832 of Git object directories which can be used to search for Git
833 objects. New objects will not be written to these directories.
836 If the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set then it
837 specifies a path to use instead of the default `.git`
838 for the base of the repository.
839 The '--git-dir' command-line option also sets this value.
842 Set the path to the root of the working tree.
843 This can also be controlled by the '--work-tree' command-line
844 option and the core.worktree configuration variable.
847 Set the Git namespace; see linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for details.
848 The '--namespace' command-line option also sets this value.
850 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES'::
851 This should be a colon-separated list of absolute paths. If
852 set, it is a list of directories that Git should not chdir up
853 into while looking for a repository directory (useful for
854 excluding slow-loading network directories). It will not
855 exclude the current working directory or a GIT_DIR set on the
856 command line or in the environment. Normally, Git has to read
857 the entries in this list and resolve any symlink that
858 might be present in order to compare them with the current
859 directory. However, if even this access is slow, you
860 can add an empty entry to the list to tell Git that the
861 subsequent entries are not symlinks and needn't be resolved;
863 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=/maybe/symlink::/very/slow/non/symlink'.
865 'GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM'::
866 When run in a directory that does not have ".git" repository
867 directory, Git tries to find such a directory in the parent
868 directories to find the top of the working tree, but by default it
869 does not cross filesystem boundaries. This environment variable
870 can be set to true to tell Git not to stop at filesystem
871 boundaries. Like 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES', this will not affect
872 an explicit repository directory set via 'GIT_DIR' or on the
876 If this variable is set to a path, non-worktree files that are
877 normally in $GIT_DIR will be taken from this path
878 instead. Worktree-specific files such as HEAD or index are
879 taken from $GIT_DIR. See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] and
880 linkgit:git-worktree[1] for
881 details. This variable has lower precedence than other path
882 variables such as GIT_INDEX_FILE, GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY...
889 'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'::
890 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL'::
891 'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE'::
893 see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
898 Only valid setting is "--unified=??" or "-u??" to set the
899 number of context lines shown when a unified diff is created.
900 This takes precedence over any "-U" or "--unified" option
901 value passed on the Git diff command line.
903 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'::
904 When the environment variable 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is set, the
905 program named by it is called, instead of the diff invocation
906 described above. For a path that is added, removed, or modified,
907 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 7 parameters:
909 path old-file old-hex old-mode new-file new-hex new-mode
913 <old|new>-file:: are files GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF can use to read the
914 contents of <old|new>,
915 <old|new>-hex:: are the 40-hexdigit SHA-1 hashes,
916 <old|new>-mode:: are the octal representation of the file modes.
918 The file parameters can point at the user's working file
919 (e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file`
920 when a new file is added), or a temporary file (e.g. `old-file` in the
921 index). 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' should not worry about unlinking the
922 temporary file --- it is removed when 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' exits.
924 For a path that is unmerged, 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 1
927 For each path 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called, two environment variables,
928 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER' and 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL' are set.
930 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER'::
931 A 1-based counter incremented by one for every path.
933 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL'::
934 The total number of paths.
938 'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY'::
939 A number controlling the amount of output shown by
940 the recursive merge strategy. Overrides merge.verbosity.
941 See linkgit:git-merge[1]
944 This environment variable overrides `$PAGER`. If it is set
945 to an empty string or to the value "cat", Git will not launch
946 a pager. See also the `core.pager` option in
947 linkgit:git-config[1].
950 This environment variable overrides `$EDITOR` and `$VISUAL`.
951 It is used by several Git commands when, on interactive mode,
952 an editor is to be launched. See also linkgit:git-var[1]
953 and the `core.editor` option in linkgit:git-config[1].
957 If either of these environment variables is set then 'git fetch'
958 and 'git push' will use the specified command instead of 'ssh'
959 when they need to connect to a remote system.
960 The command will be given exactly two or four arguments: the
961 'username@host' (or just 'host') from the URL and the shell
962 command to execute on that remote system, optionally preceded by
963 '-p' (literally) and the 'port' from the URL when it specifies
964 something other than the default SSH port.
966 `$GIT_SSH_COMMAND` takes precedence over `$GIT_SSH`, and is interpreted
967 by the shell, which allows additional arguments to be included.
968 `$GIT_SSH` on the other hand must be just the path to a program
969 (which can be a wrapper shell script, if additional arguments are
972 Usually it is easier to configure any desired options through your
973 personal `.ssh/config` file. Please consult your ssh documentation
977 If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to
978 acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication)
979 will call this program with a suitable prompt as command-line argument
980 and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the 'core.askPass'
981 option in linkgit:git-config[1].
983 'GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT'::
984 If this environment variable is set to `0`, git will not prompt
985 on the terminal (e.g., when asking for HTTP authentication).
987 'GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM'::
988 Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
989 `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file. This environment variable can
990 be used along with `$HOME` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` to create a
991 predictable environment for a picky script, or you can set it
992 temporarily to avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while
993 waiting for someone with sufficient permissions to fix it.
996 If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such
997 as 'git blame' (in incremental mode), 'git rev-list', 'git log',
998 'git check-attr' and 'git check-ignore' will
999 force a flush of the output stream after each record have been
1001 variable is set to "0", the output of these commands will be done
1002 using completely buffered I/O. If this environment variable is
1003 not set, Git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing
1004 based on whether stdout appears to be redirected to a file or not.
1007 Enables general trace messages, e.g. alias expansion, built-in
1008 command execution and external command execution.
1010 If this variable is set to "1", "2" or "true" (comparison
1011 is case insensitive), trace messages will be printed to
1014 If the variable is set to an integer value greater than 2
1015 and lower than 10 (strictly) then Git will interpret this
1016 value as an open file descriptor and will try to write the
1017 trace messages into this file descriptor.
1019 Alternatively, if the variable is set to an absolute path
1020 (starting with a '/' character), Git will interpret this
1021 as a file path and will try to write the trace messages
1024 Unsetting the variable, or setting it to empty, "0" or
1025 "false" (case insensitive) disables trace messages.
1027 'GIT_TRACE_PACK_ACCESS'::
1028 Enables trace messages for all accesses to any packs. For each
1029 access, the pack file name and an offset in the pack is
1030 recorded. This may be helpful for troubleshooting some
1031 pack-related performance problems.
1032 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1034 'GIT_TRACE_PACKET'::
1035 Enables trace messages for all packets coming in or out of a
1036 given program. This can help with debugging object negotiation
1037 or other protocol issues. Tracing is turned off at a packet
1038 starting with "PACK" (but see 'GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE' below).
1039 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1041 'GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE'::
1042 Enables tracing of packfiles sent or received by a
1043 given program. Unlike other trace output, this trace is
1044 verbatim: no headers, and no quoting of binary data. You almost
1045 certainly want to direct into a file (e.g.,
1046 `GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE=/tmp/my.pack`) rather than displaying it on
1047 the terminal or mixing it with other trace output.
1049 Note that this is currently only implemented for the client side
1050 of clones and fetches.
1052 'GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE'::
1053 Enables performance related trace messages, e.g. total execution
1054 time of each Git command.
1055 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1058 Enables trace messages printing the .git, working tree and current
1059 working directory after Git has completed its setup phase.
1060 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1062 'GIT_TRACE_SHALLOW'::
1063 Enables trace messages that can help debugging fetching /
1064 cloning of shallow repositories.
1065 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1067 'GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS'::
1068 Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
1069 pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example,
1070 running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search
1071 for commits that touch the path `*.c`, not any paths that the
1072 glob `*.c` matches. You might want this if you are feeding
1073 literal paths to Git (e.g., paths previously given to you by
1074 `git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc).
1076 'GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS'::
1077 Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
1078 pathspecs as glob patterns (aka "glob" magic).
1080 'GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS'::
1081 Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
1082 pathspecs as literal (aka "literal" magic).
1084 'GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS'::
1085 Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
1086 pathspecs as case-insensitive.
1088 'GIT_REFLOG_ACTION'::
1089 When a ref is updated, reflog entries are created to keep
1090 track of the reason why the ref was updated (which is
1091 typically the name of the high-level command that updated
1092 the ref), in addition to the old and new values of the ref.
1093 A scripted Porcelain command can use set_reflog_action
1094 helper function in `git-sh-setup` to set its name to this
1095 variable when it is invoked as the top level command by the
1096 end user, to be recorded in the body of the reflog.
1098 'GIT_REF_PARANOIA'::
1099 If set to `1`, include broken or badly named refs when iterating
1100 over lists of refs. In a normal, non-corrupted repository, this
1101 does nothing. However, enabling it may help git to detect and
1102 abort some operations in the presence of broken refs. Git sets
1103 this variable automatically when performing destructive
1104 operations like linkgit:git-prune[1]. You should not need to set
1105 it yourself unless you want to be paranoid about making sure
1106 an operation has touched every ref (e.g., because you are
1107 cloning a repository to make a backup).
1109 'GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL'::
1110 If set, provide a colon-separated list of protocols which are
1111 allowed to be used with fetch/push/clone. This is useful to
1112 restrict recursive submodule initialization from an untrusted
1113 repository. Any protocol not mentioned will be disallowed (i.e.,
1114 this is a whitelist, not a blacklist). If the variable is not
1115 set at all, all protocols are enabled. The protocol names
1116 currently used by git are:
1118 - `file`: any local file-based path (including `file://` URLs,
1121 - `git`: the anonymous git protocol over a direct TCP
1122 connection (or proxy, if configured)
1124 - `ssh`: git over ssh (including `host:path` syntax,
1127 - `rsync`: git over rsync
1129 - `http`: git over http, both "smart http" and "dumb http".
1130 Note that this does _not_ include `https`; if you want both,
1131 you should specify both as `http:https`.
1133 - any external helpers are named by their protocol (e.g., use
1134 `hg` to allow the `git-remote-hg` helper)
1137 Discussion[[Discussion]]
1138 ------------------------
1140 More detail on the following is available from the
1141 link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the
1142 user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7].
1144 A Git project normally consists of a working directory with a ".git"
1145 subdirectory at the top level. The .git directory contains, among other
1146 things, a compressed object database representing the complete history
1147 of the project, an "index" file which links that history to the current
1148 contents of the working tree, and named pointers into that history such
1149 as tags and branch heads.
1151 The object database contains objects of three main types: blobs, which
1152 hold file data; trees, which point to blobs and other trees to build up
1153 directory hierarchies; and commits, which each reference a single tree
1154 and some number of parent commits.
1156 The commit, equivalent to what other systems call a "changeset" or
1157 "version", represents a step in the project's history, and each parent
1158 represents an immediately preceding step. Commits with more than one
1159 parent represent merges of independent lines of development.
1161 All objects are named by the SHA-1 hash of their contents, normally
1162 written as a string of 40 hex digits. Such names are globally unique.
1163 The entire history leading up to a commit can be vouched for by signing
1164 just that commit. A fourth object type, the tag, is provided for this
1167 When first created, objects are stored in individual files, but for
1168 efficiency may later be compressed together into "pack files".
1170 Named pointers called refs mark interesting points in history. A ref
1171 may contain the SHA-1 name of an object or the name of another ref. Refs
1172 with names beginning `ref/head/` contain the SHA-1 name of the most
1173 recent commit (or "head") of a branch under development. SHA-1 names of
1174 tags of interest are stored under `ref/tags/`. A special ref named
1175 `HEAD` contains the name of the currently checked-out branch.
1177 The index file is initialized with a list of all paths and, for each
1178 path, a blob object and a set of attributes. The blob object represents
1179 the contents of the file as of the head of the current branch. The
1180 attributes (last modified time, size, etc.) are taken from the
1181 corresponding file in the working tree. Subsequent changes to the
1182 working tree can be found by comparing these attributes. The index may
1183 be updated with new content, and new commits may be created from the
1184 content stored in the index.
1186 The index is also capable of storing multiple entries (called "stages")
1187 for a given pathname. These stages are used to hold the various
1188 unmerged version of a file when a merge is in progress.
1190 FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
1191 ---------------------
1193 See the references in the "description" section to get started
1194 using Git. The following is probably more detail than necessary
1195 for a first-time user.
1197 The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the
1198 user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide
1199 introductions to the underlying Git architecture.
1201 See linkgit:gitworkflows[7] for an overview of recommended workflows.
1203 See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful
1206 The internals are documented in the
1207 link:technical/api-index.html[Git API documentation].
1209 Users migrating from CVS may also want to
1210 read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
1215 Git was started by Linus Torvalds, and is currently maintained by Junio
1216 C Hamano. Numerous contributions have come from the Git mailing list
1217 <git@vger.kernel.org>. http://www.openhub.net/p/git/contributors/summary
1218 gives you a more complete list of contributors.
1220 If you have a clone of git.git itself, the
1221 output of linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1] can show you
1222 the authors for specific parts of the project.
1227 Report bugs to the Git mailing list <git@vger.kernel.org> where the
1228 development and maintenance is primarily done. You do not have to be
1229 subscribed to the list to send a message there.
1233 linkgit:gittutorial[7], linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
1234 linkgit:giteveryday[7], linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
1235 linkgit:gitglossary[7], linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
1236 linkgit:gitcli[7], link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual],
1237 linkgit:gitworkflows[7]
1241 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite