6 git-notes - Add or inspect object notes
11 'git notes' [list [<object>]]
12 'git notes' add [-f] [--allow-empty] [--[no-]separator | --separator=<paragraph-break>] [--[no-]stripspace] [-F <file> | -m <msg> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]
13 'git notes' copy [-f] ( --stdin | <from-object> [<to-object>] )
14 'git notes' append [--allow-empty] [--[no-]separator | --separator=<paragraph-break>] [--[no-]stripspace] [-F <file> | -m <msg> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]
15 'git notes' edit [--allow-empty] [<object>] [--[no-]stripspace]
16 'git notes' show [<object>]
17 'git notes' merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes-ref>
18 'git notes' merge --commit [-v | -q]
19 'git notes' merge --abort [-v | -q]
20 'git notes' remove [--ignore-missing] [--stdin] [<object>...]
21 'git notes' prune [-n] [-v]
27 Adds, removes, or reads notes attached to objects, without touching
28 the objects themselves.
30 By default, notes are saved to and read from `refs/notes/commits`, but
31 this default can be overridden. See the OPTIONS, CONFIGURATION, and
32 ENVIRONMENT sections below. If this ref does not exist, it will be
33 quietly created when it is first needed to store a note.
35 A typical use of notes is to supplement a commit message without
36 changing the commit itself. Notes can be shown by 'git log' along with
37 the original commit message. To distinguish these notes from the
38 message stored in the commit object, the notes are indented like the
39 message, after an unindented line saying "Notes (<refname>):" (or
40 "Notes:" for `refs/notes/commits`).
42 Notes can also be added to patches prepared with `git format-patch` by
43 using the `--notes` option. Such notes are added as a patch commentary
44 after a three dash separator line.
46 To change which notes are shown by 'git log', see the
47 "notes.displayRef" discussion in <<CONFIGURATION>>.
49 See the "notes.rewrite.<command>" configuration for a way to carry
50 notes across commands that rewrite commits.
57 List the notes object for a given object. If no object is
58 given, show a list of all note objects and the objects they
59 annotate (in the format "<note-object> <annotated-object>").
60 This is the default subcommand if no subcommand is given.
63 Add notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD). Abort if the
64 object already has notes (use `-f` to overwrite existing notes).
65 However, if you're using `add` interactively (using an editor
66 to supply the notes contents), then - instead of aborting -
67 the existing notes will be opened in the editor (like the `edit`
68 subcommand). If you specify multiple `-m` and `-F`, a blank
69 line will be inserted between the messages. Use the `--separator`
70 option to insert other delimiters.
73 Copy the notes for the first object onto the second object (defaults to
74 HEAD). Abort if the second object already has notes, or if the first
75 object has none (use -f to overwrite existing notes to the
76 second object). This subcommand is equivalent to:
77 `git notes add [-f] -C $(git notes list <from-object>) <to-object>`
79 In `--stdin` mode, take lines in the format
82 <from-object> SP <to-object> [ SP <rest> ] LF
85 on standard input, and copy the notes from each <from-object> to its
86 corresponding <to-object>. (The optional `<rest>` is ignored so that
87 the command can read the input given to the `post-rewrite` hook.)
90 Append new message(s) given by `-m` or `-F` options to an
91 existing note, or add them as a new note if one does not
92 exist, for the object (defaults to HEAD). When appending to
93 an existing note, a blank line is added before each new
94 message as an inter-paragraph separator. The separator can
95 be customized with the `--separator` option.
98 Edit the notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD).
101 Show the notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD).
104 Merge the given notes ref into the current notes ref.
105 This will try to merge the changes made by the given
106 notes ref (called "remote") since the merge-base (if
107 any) into the current notes ref (called "local").
109 If conflicts arise and a strategy for automatically resolving
110 conflicting notes (see the "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES" section) is not given,
111 the "manual" resolver is used. This resolver checks out the
112 conflicting notes in a special worktree (`.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE`),
113 and instructs the user to manually resolve the conflicts there.
114 When done, the user can either finalize the merge with
115 'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with
116 'git notes merge --abort'.
119 Remove the notes for given objects (defaults to HEAD). When
120 giving zero or one object from the command line, this is
121 equivalent to specifying an empty note message to
122 the `edit` subcommand.
125 Remove all notes for non-existing/unreachable objects.
128 Print the current notes ref. This provides an easy way to
129 retrieve the current notes ref (e.g. from scripts).
135 When adding notes to an object that already has notes,
136 overwrite the existing notes (instead of aborting).
140 Use the given note message (instead of prompting).
141 If multiple `-m` options are given, their values
142 are concatenated as separate paragraphs.
143 Lines starting with `#` and empty lines other than a
144 single line between paragraphs will be stripped out.
145 If you wish to keep them verbatim, use `--no-stripspace`.
149 Take the note message from the given file. Use '-' to
150 read the note message from the standard input.
151 Lines starting with `#` and empty lines other than a
152 single line between paragraphs will be stripped out.
153 If you wish to keep them verbatim, use `--no-stripspace`.
156 --reuse-message=<object>::
157 Take the given blob object (for example, another note) as the
158 note message. (Use `git notes copy <object>` instead to
159 copy notes between objects.). By default, message will be
160 copied verbatim, but if you wish to strip out the lines
161 starting with `#` and empty lines other than a single line
162 between paragraphs, use with`--stripspace` option.
165 --reedit-message=<object>::
166 Like '-C', but with `-c` the editor is invoked, so that
167 the user can further edit the note message.
170 Allow an empty note object to be stored. The default behavior is
171 to automatically remove empty notes.
173 --[no-]separator, --separator=<paragraph-break>::
174 Specify a string used as a custom inter-paragraph separator
175 (a newline is added at the end as needed). If `--no-separator`, no
176 separators will be added between paragraphs. Defaults to a blank
180 Strip leading and trailing whitespace from the note message.
181 Also strip out empty lines other than a single line between
182 paragraphs. Lines starting with `#` will be stripped out
183 in non-editor cases like `-m`, `-F` and `-C`, but not in
184 editor case like `git notes edit`, `-c`, etc.
187 Manipulate the notes tree in <ref>. This overrides
188 `GIT_NOTES_REF` and the "core.notesRef" configuration. The ref
189 specifies the full refname when it begins with `refs/notes/`; when it
190 begins with `notes/`, `refs/` and otherwise `refs/notes/` is prefixed
191 to form a full name of the ref.
194 Do not consider it an error to request removing notes from an
195 object that does not have notes attached to it.
198 Also read the object names to remove notes from the standard
199 input (there is no reason you cannot combine this with object
200 names from the command line).
204 Do not remove anything; just report the object names whose notes
208 --strategy=<strategy>::
209 When merging notes, resolve notes conflicts using the given
210 strategy. The following strategies are recognized: "manual"
211 (default), "ours", "theirs", "union" and "cat_sort_uniq".
212 This option overrides the "notes.mergeStrategy" configuration setting.
213 See the "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES" section below for more
214 information on each notes merge strategy.
217 Finalize an in-progress 'git notes merge'. Use this option
218 when you have resolved the conflicts that 'git notes merge'
219 stored in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE. This amends the partial
220 merge commit created by 'git notes merge' (stored in
221 .git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL) by adding the notes in
222 .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE. The notes ref stored in the
223 .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF symref is updated to the resulting commit.
226 Abort/reset an in-progress 'git notes merge', i.e. a notes merge
227 with conflicts. This simply removes all files related to the
232 When merging notes, operate quietly.
236 When merging notes, be more verbose.
237 When pruning notes, report all object names whose notes are
244 Commit notes are blobs containing extra information about an object
245 (usually information to supplement a commit's message). These blobs
246 are taken from notes refs. A notes ref is usually a branch which
247 contains "files" whose paths are the object names for the objects
248 they describe, with some directory separators included for performance
249 reasons footnote:[Permitted pathnames have the form
250 'bf'`/`'fe'`/`'30'`/`'...'`/`'680d5a...': a sequence of directory
251 names of two hexadecimal digits each followed by a filename with the
252 rest of the object ID.].
254 Every notes change creates a new commit at the specified notes ref.
255 You can therefore inspect the history of the notes by invoking, e.g.,
256 `git log -p notes/commits`. Currently the commit message only records
257 which operation triggered the update, and the commit authorship is
258 determined according to the usual rules (see linkgit:git-commit[1]).
259 These details may change in the future.
261 It is also permitted for a notes ref to point directly to a tree
262 object, in which case the history of the notes can be read with
263 `git log -p -g <refname>`.
266 NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES
267 ----------------------
269 The default notes merge strategy is "manual", which checks out
270 conflicting notes in a special work tree for resolving notes conflicts
271 (`.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE`), and instructs the user to resolve the
272 conflicts in that work tree.
273 When done, the user can either finalize the merge with
274 'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with
275 'git notes merge --abort'.
277 Users may select an automated merge strategy from among the following using
278 either -s/--strategy option or configuring notes.mergeStrategy accordingly:
280 "ours" automatically resolves conflicting notes in favor of the local
281 version (i.e. the current notes ref).
283 "theirs" automatically resolves notes conflicts in favor of the remote
284 version (i.e. the given notes ref being merged into the current notes
287 "union" automatically resolves notes conflicts by concatenating the
288 local and remote versions.
290 "cat_sort_uniq" is similar to "union", but in addition to concatenating
291 the local and remote versions, this strategy also sorts the resulting
292 lines, and removes duplicate lines from the result. This is equivalent
293 to applying the "cat | sort | uniq" shell pipeline to the local and
294 remote versions. This strategy is useful if the notes follow a line-based
295 format where one wants to avoid duplicated lines in the merge result.
296 Note that if either the local or remote version contain duplicate lines
297 prior to the merge, these will also be removed by this notes merge
304 You can use notes to add annotations with information that was not
305 available at the time a commit was written.
308 $ git notes add -m 'Tested-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>' 72a144e2
309 $ git show -s 72a144e
311 Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
314 Tested-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
317 In principle, a note is a regular Git blob, and any kind of
318 (non-)format is accepted. You can binary-safely create notes from
319 arbitrary files using 'git hash-object':
323 $ blob=$(git hash-object -w a.out)
324 $ git notes --ref=built add --allow-empty -C "$blob" HEAD
327 (You cannot simply use `git notes --ref=built add -F a.out HEAD`
328 because that is not binary-safe.)
329 Of course, it doesn't make much sense to display non-text-format notes
330 with 'git log', so if you use such notes, you'll probably need to write
331 some special-purpose tools to do something useful with them.
339 Notes ref to read and manipulate instead of
340 `refs/notes/commits`. Must be an unabbreviated ref name.
341 This setting can be overridden through the environment and
344 include::includes/cmd-config-section-rest.txt[]
346 include::config/notes.txt[]
353 Which ref to manipulate notes from, instead of `refs/notes/commits`.
354 This overrides the `core.notesRef` setting.
356 `GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF`::
357 Colon-delimited list of refs or globs indicating which refs,
358 in addition to the default from `core.notesRef` or
359 `GIT_NOTES_REF`, to read notes from when showing commit
361 This overrides the `notes.displayRef` setting.
363 A warning will be issued for refs that do not exist, but a glob that
364 does not match any refs is silently ignored.
366 `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE`::
367 When copying notes during a rewrite, what to do if the target
368 commit already has a note.
369 Must be one of `overwrite`, `concatenate`, `cat_sort_uniq`, or `ignore`.
370 This overrides the `core.rewriteMode` setting.
372 `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF`::
373 When rewriting commits, which notes to copy from the original
374 to the rewritten commit. Must be a colon-delimited list of
377 If not set in the environment, the list of notes to copy depends
378 on the `notes.rewrite.<command>` and `notes.rewriteRef` settings.
382 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite