6 git-repack - Pack unpacked objects in a repository
12 'git repack' [-a] [-A] [-d] [-f] [-F] [-l] [-n] [-q] [-b] [-m] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>] [--threads=<n>] [--keep-pack=<pack-name>] [--write-midx]
17 This command is used to combine all objects that do not currently
18 reside in a "pack", into a pack. It can also be used to re-organize
19 existing packs into a single, more efficient pack.
21 A pack is a collection of objects, individually compressed, with
22 delta compression applied, stored in a single file, with an
23 associated index file.
25 Packs are used to reduce the load on mirror systems, backup
26 engines, disk storage, etc.
32 Instead of incrementally packing the unpacked objects,
33 pack everything referenced into a single pack.
34 Especially useful when packing a repository that is used
35 for private development. Use
36 with `-d`. This will clean up the objects that `git prune`
37 leaves behind, but `git fsck --full --dangling` shows as
40 Note that users fetching over dumb protocols will have to fetch the
41 whole new pack in order to get any contained object, no matter how many
42 other objects in that pack they already have locally.
44 Promisor packfiles are repacked separately: if there are packfiles that
45 have an associated ".promisor" file, these packfiles will be repacked
46 into another separate pack, and an empty ".promisor" file corresponding
47 to the new separate pack will be written.
50 Same as `-a`, unless `-d` is used. Then any unreachable
51 objects in a previous pack become loose, unpacked objects,
52 instead of being left in the old pack. Unreachable objects
53 are never intentionally added to a pack, even when repacking.
54 This option prevents unreachable objects from being immediately
55 deleted by way of being left in the old pack and then
56 removed. Instead, the loose unreachable objects
57 will be pruned according to normal expiry rules
58 with the next 'git gc' invocation. See linkgit:git-gc[1].
61 After packing, if the newly created packs make some
62 existing packs redundant, remove the redundant packs.
63 Also run 'git prune-packed' to remove redundant
67 Same as `-a`, unless `-d` is used. Then any unreachable objects
68 are packed into a separate cruft pack. Unreachable objects can
69 be pruned using the normal expiry rules with the next `git gc`
70 invocation (see linkgit:git-gc[1]). Incompatible with `-k`.
72 --cruft-expiration=<approxidate>::
73 Expire unreachable objects older than `<approxidate>`
74 immediately instead of waiting for the next `git gc` invocation.
75 Only useful with `--cruft -d`.
78 Write a cruft pack containing pruned objects (if any) to the
79 directory `<dir>`. This option is useful for keeping a copy of
80 any pruned objects in a separate directory as a backup. Only
81 useful with `--cruft -d`.
84 Pass the `--local` option to 'git pack-objects'. See
85 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
88 Pass the `--no-reuse-delta` option to `git-pack-objects`, see
89 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
92 Pass the `--no-reuse-object` option to `git-pack-objects`, see
93 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
97 Show no progress over the standard error stream and pass the `-q`
98 option to 'git pack-objects'. See linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
101 Do not update the server information with
102 'git update-server-info'. This option skips
103 updating local catalog files needed to publish
104 this repository (or a direct copy of it)
105 over HTTP or FTP. See linkgit:git-update-server-info[1].
109 These two options affect how the objects contained in the pack are
110 stored using delta compression. The objects are first internally
111 sorted by type, size and optionally names and compared against the
112 other objects within `--window` to see if using delta compression saves
113 space. `--depth` limits the maximum delta depth; making it too deep
114 affects the performance on the unpacker side, because delta data needs
115 to be applied that many times to get to the necessary object.
117 The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50. The maximum
121 This option is passed through to `git pack-objects`.
123 --window-memory=<n>::
124 This option provides an additional limit on top of `--window`;
125 the window size will dynamically scale down so as to not take
126 up more than '<n>' bytes in memory. This is useful in
127 repositories with a mix of large and small objects to not run
128 out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take
129 advantage of the large window for the smaller objects. The
130 size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g".
131 `--window-memory=0` makes memory usage unlimited. The default
132 is taken from the `pack.windowMemory` configuration variable.
133 Note that the actual memory usage will be the limit multiplied
134 by the number of threads used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
136 --max-pack-size=<n>::
137 Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with
138 "k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
139 If specified, multiple packfiles may be created, which also
140 prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
141 The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
142 `pack.packSizeLimit` is set. Note that this option may result in
143 a larger and slower repository; see the discussion in
144 `pack.packSizeLimit`.
147 --write-bitmap-index::
148 Write a reachability bitmap index as part of the repack. This
149 only makes sense when used with `-a`, `-A` or `-m`, as the bitmaps
150 must be able to refer to all reachable objects. This option
151 overrides the setting of `repack.writeBitmaps`. This option
152 has no effect if multiple packfiles are created, unless writing a
153 MIDX (in which case a multi-pack bitmap is created).
155 --pack-kept-objects::
156 Include objects in `.keep` files when repacking. Note that we
157 still do not delete `.keep` packs after `pack-objects` finishes.
158 This means that we may duplicate objects, but this makes the
159 option safe to use when there are concurrent pushes or fetches.
160 This option is generally only useful if you are writing bitmaps
161 with `-b` or `repack.writeBitmaps`, as it ensures that the
162 bitmapped packfile has the necessary objects.
164 --keep-pack=<pack-name>::
165 Exclude the given pack from repacking. This is the equivalent
166 of having `.keep` file on the pack. `<pack-name>` is the
167 pack file name without leading directory (e.g. `pack-123.pack`).
168 The option could be specified multiple times to keep multiple
171 --unpack-unreachable=<when>::
172 When loosening unreachable objects, do not bother loosening any
173 objects older than `<when>`. This can be used to optimize out
174 the write of any objects that would be immediately pruned by
175 a follow-up `git prune`.
179 When used with `-ad`, any unreachable objects from existing
180 packs will be appended to the end of the packfile instead of
181 being removed. In addition, any unreachable loose objects will
182 be packed (and their loose counterparts removed).
186 Pass the `--delta-islands` option to `git-pack-objects`, see
187 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
190 --geometric=<factor>::
191 Arrange resulting pack structure so that each successive pack
192 contains at least `<factor>` times the number of objects as the
195 `git repack` ensures this by determining a "cut" of packfiles that need
196 to be repacked into one in order to ensure a geometric progression. It
197 picks the smallest set of packfiles such that as many of the larger
198 packfiles (by count of objects contained in that pack) may be left
201 Unlike other repack modes, the set of objects to pack is determined
202 uniquely by the set of packs being "rolled-up"; in other words, the
203 packs determined to need to be combined in order to restore a geometric
206 When `--unpacked` is specified, loose objects are implicitly included in
207 this "roll-up", without respect to their reachability. This is subject
208 to change in the future. This option (implying a drastically different
209 repack mode) is not guaranteed to work with all other combinations of
210 option to `git repack`.
212 When writing a multi-pack bitmap, `git repack` selects the largest resulting
213 pack as the preferred pack for object selection by the MIDX (see
214 linkgit:git-multi-pack-index[1]).
218 Write a multi-pack index (see linkgit:git-multi-pack-index[1])
219 containing the non-redundant packs.
224 Various configuration variables affect packing, see
225 linkgit:git-config[1] (search for "pack" and "delta").
227 By default, the command passes `--delta-base-offset` option to
228 'git pack-objects'; this typically results in slightly smaller packs,
229 but the generated packs are incompatible with versions of Git older than
230 version 1.4.4. If you need to share your repository with such ancient Git
231 versions, either directly or via the dumb http protocol, then you
232 need to set the configuration variable `repack.UseDeltaBaseOffset` to
233 "false" and repack. Access from old Git versions over the native protocol
234 is unaffected by this option as the conversion is performed on the fly
235 as needed in that case.
237 Delta compression is not used on objects larger than the
238 `core.bigFileThreshold` configuration variable and on files with the
239 attribute `delta` set to false.
243 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
244 linkgit:git-prune-packed[1]
248 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite