4 The git configuration file contains a number of variables that affect
5 the git command's behavior. `.git/config` file for each repository
6 is used to store the information for that repository, and
7 `$HOME/.gitconfig` is used to store per user information to give
8 fallback values for `.git/config` file. The file `/etc/gitconfig`
9 can be used to store system-wide defaults.
11 They can be used by both the git plumbing
12 and the porcelains. The variables are divided into sections, where
13 in the fully qualified variable name the variable itself is the last
14 dot-separated segment and the section name is everything before the last
15 dot. The variable names are case-insensitive and only alphanumeric
16 characters are allowed. Some variables may appear multiple times.
21 The syntax is fairly flexible and permissive; whitespaces are mostly
22 ignored. The '#' and ';' characters begin comments to the end of line,
23 blank lines are ignored.
25 The file consists of sections and variables. A section begins with
26 the name of the section in square brackets and continues until the next
27 section begins. Section names are not case sensitive. Only alphanumeric
28 characters, '`-`' and '`.`' are allowed in section names. Each variable
29 must belong to some section, which means that there must be section
30 header before first setting of a variable.
32 Sections can be further divided into subsections. To begin a subsection
33 put its name in double quotes, separated by space from the section name,
34 in the section header, like in example below:
37 [section "subsection"]
41 Subsection names can contain any characters except newline (doublequote
42 '`"`' and backslash have to be escaped as '`\"`' and '`\\`',
43 respectively) and are case sensitive. Section header cannot span multiple
44 lines. Variables may belong directly to a section or to a given subsection.
45 You can have `[section]` if you have `[section "subsection"]`, but you
48 There is also (case insensitive) alternative `[section.subsection]` syntax.
49 In this syntax subsection names follow the same restrictions as for section
52 All the other lines are recognized as setting variables, in the form
53 'name = value'. If there is no equal sign on the line, the entire line
54 is taken as 'name' and the variable is recognized as boolean "true".
55 The variable names are case-insensitive and only alphanumeric
56 characters and '`-`' are allowed. There can be more than one value
57 for a given variable; we say then that variable is multivalued.
59 Leading and trailing whitespace in a variable value is discarded.
60 Internal whitespace within a variable value is retained verbatim.
62 The values following the equals sign in variable assign are all either
63 a string, an integer, or a boolean. Boolean values may be given as yes/no,
64 0/1 or true/false. Case is not significant in boolean values, when
65 converting value to the canonical form using '--bool' type specifier;
66 'git-config' will ensure that the output is "true" or "false".
68 String values may be entirely or partially enclosed in double quotes.
69 You need to enclose variable value in double quotes if you want to
70 preserve leading or trailing whitespace, or if variable value contains
71 beginning of comment characters (if it contains '#' or ';').
72 Double quote '`"`' and backslash '`\`' characters in variable value must
73 be escaped: use '`\"`' for '`"`' and '`\\`' for '`\`'.
75 The following escape sequences (beside '`\"`' and '`\\`') are recognized:
76 '`\n`' for newline character (NL), '`\t`' for horizontal tabulation (HT, TAB)
77 and '`\b`' for backspace (BS). No other char escape sequence, nor octal
78 char sequences are valid.
80 Variable value ending in a '`\`' is continued on the next line in the
81 customary UNIX fashion.
83 Some variables may require special value format.
90 ; Don't trust file modes
95 external = /usr/local/bin/diff-wrapper
100 merge = refs/heads/devel
104 gitProxy="ssh" for "kernel.org"
105 gitProxy=default-proxy ; for the rest
110 Note that this list is non-comprehensive and not necessarily complete.
111 For command-specific variables, you will find a more detailed description
112 in the appropriate manual page. You will find a description of non-core
113 porcelain configuration variables in the respective porcelain documentation.
116 If false, the executable bit differences between the index and
117 the working copy are ignored; useful on broken filesystems like FAT.
118 See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. True by default.
120 core.ignoreCygwinFSTricks::
121 This option is only used by Cygwin implementation of Git. If false,
122 the Cygwin stat() and lstat() functions are used. This may be useful
123 if your repository consists of a few separate directories joined in
124 one hierarchy using Cygwin mount. If true, Git uses native Win32 API
125 whenever it is possible and falls back to Cygwin functions only to
126 handle symbol links. The native mode is more than twice faster than
127 normal Cygwin l/stat() functions. True by default, unless core.filemode
128 is true, in which case ignoreCygwinFSTricks is ignored as Cygwin's
129 POSIX emulation is required to support core.filemode.
132 If false, the ctime differences between the index and the
133 working copy are ignored; useful when the inode change time
134 is regularly modified by something outside Git (file system
135 crawlers and some backup systems).
136 See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. True by default.
139 The commands that output paths (e.g. 'ls-files',
140 'diff'), when not given the `-z` option, will quote
141 "unusual" characters in the pathname by enclosing the
142 pathname in a double-quote pair and with backslashes the
143 same way strings in C source code are quoted. If this
144 variable is set to false, the bytes higher than 0x80 are
145 not quoted but output as verbatim. Note that double
146 quote, backslash and control characters are always
147 quoted without `-z` regardless of the setting of this
151 If true, makes git convert `CRLF` at the end of lines in text files to
152 `LF` when reading from the filesystem, and convert in reverse when
153 writing to the filesystem. The variable can be set to
154 'input', in which case the conversion happens only while
155 reading from the filesystem but files are written out with
156 `LF` at the end of lines. Currently, which paths to consider
157 "text" (i.e. be subjected to the autocrlf mechanism) is
158 decided purely based on the contents.
161 If true, makes git check if converting `CRLF` as controlled by
162 `core.autocrlf` is reversible. Git will verify if a command
163 modifies a file in the work tree either directly or indirectly.
164 For example, committing a file followed by checking out the
165 same file should yield the original file in the work tree. If
166 this is not the case for the current setting of
167 `core.autocrlf`, git will reject the file. The variable can
168 be set to "warn", in which case git will only warn about an
169 irreversible conversion but continue the operation.
171 CRLF conversion bears a slight chance of corrupting data.
172 autocrlf=true will convert CRLF to LF during commit and LF to
173 CRLF during checkout. A file that contains a mixture of LF and
174 CRLF before the commit cannot be recreated by git. For text
175 files this is the right thing to do: it corrects line endings
176 such that we have only LF line endings in the repository.
177 But for binary files that are accidentally classified as text the
178 conversion can corrupt data.
180 If you recognize such corruption early you can easily fix it by
181 setting the conversion type explicitly in .gitattributes. Right
182 after committing you still have the original file in your work
183 tree and this file is not yet corrupted. You can explicitly tell
184 git that this file is binary and git will handle the file
187 Unfortunately, the desired effect of cleaning up text files with
188 mixed line endings and the undesired effect of corrupting binary
189 files cannot be distinguished. In both cases CRLFs are removed
190 in an irreversible way. For text files this is the right thing
191 to do because CRLFs are line endings, while for binary files
192 converting CRLFs corrupts data.
194 Note, this safety check does not mean that a checkout will generate a
195 file identical to the original file for a different setting of
196 `core.autocrlf`, but only for the current one. For example, a text
197 file with `LF` would be accepted with `core.autocrlf=input` and could
198 later be checked out with `core.autocrlf=true`, in which case the
199 resulting file would contain `CRLF`, although the original file
200 contained `LF`. However, in both work trees the line endings would be
201 consistent, that is either all `LF` or all `CRLF`, but never mixed. A
202 file with mixed line endings would be reported by the `core.safecrlf`
206 If false, symbolic links are checked out as small plain files that
207 contain the link text. linkgit:git-update-index[1] and
208 linkgit:git-add[1] will not change the recorded type to regular
209 file. Useful on filesystems like FAT that do not support
210 symbolic links. True by default.
213 A "proxy command" to execute (as 'command host port') instead
214 of establishing direct connection to the remote server when
215 using the git protocol for fetching. If the variable value is
216 in the "COMMAND for DOMAIN" format, the command is applied only
217 on hostnames ending with the specified domain string. This variable
218 may be set multiple times and is matched in the given order;
219 the first match wins.
221 Can be overridden by the 'GIT_PROXY_COMMAND' environment variable
222 (which always applies universally, without the special "for"
226 If true, commands which modify both the working tree and the index
227 will mark the updated paths with the "assume unchanged" bit in the
228 index. These marked files are then assumed to stay unchanged in the
229 working copy, until you mark them otherwise manually - Git will not
230 detect the file changes by lstat() calls. This is useful on systems
231 where those are very slow, such as Microsoft Windows.
232 See linkgit:git-update-index[1].
235 core.preferSymlinkRefs::
236 Instead of the default "symref" format for HEAD
237 and other symbolic reference files, use symbolic links.
238 This is sometimes needed to work with old scripts that
239 expect HEAD to be a symbolic link.
242 If true this repository is assumed to be 'bare' and has no
243 working directory associated with it. If this is the case a
244 number of commands that require a working directory will be
245 disabled, such as linkgit:git-add[1] or linkgit:git-merge[1].
247 This setting is automatically guessed by linkgit:git-clone[1] or
248 linkgit:git-init[1] when the repository was created. By default a
249 repository that ends in "/.git" is assumed to be not bare (bare =
250 false), while all other repositories are assumed to be bare (bare
254 Set the path to the working tree. The value will not be
255 used in combination with repositories found automatically in
256 a .git directory (i.e. $GIT_DIR is not set).
257 This can be overridden by the GIT_WORK_TREE environment
258 variable and the '--work-tree' command line option. It can be
259 a absolute path or relative path to the directory specified by
260 --git-dir or GIT_DIR.
261 Note: If --git-dir or GIT_DIR are specified but none of
262 --work-tree, GIT_WORK_TREE and core.worktree is specified,
263 the current working directory is regarded as the top directory
264 of your working tree.
266 core.logAllRefUpdates::
267 Enable the reflog. Updates to a ref <ref> is logged to the file
268 "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>", by appending the new and old
269 SHA1, the date/time and the reason of the update, but
270 only when the file exists. If this configuration
271 variable is set to true, missing "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>"
272 file is automatically created for branch heads.
274 This information can be used to determine what commit
275 was the tip of a branch "2 days ago".
277 This value is true by default in a repository that has
278 a working directory associated with it, and false by
279 default in a bare repository.
281 core.repositoryFormatVersion::
282 Internal variable identifying the repository format and layout
285 core.sharedRepository::
286 When 'group' (or 'true'), the repository is made shareable between
287 several users in a group (making sure all the files and objects are
288 group-writable). When 'all' (or 'world' or 'everybody'), the
289 repository will be readable by all users, additionally to being
290 group-shareable. When 'umask' (or 'false'), git will use permissions
291 reported by umask(2). When '0xxx', where '0xxx' is an octal number,
292 files in the repository will have this mode value. '0xxx' will override
293 user's umask value, and thus, users with a safe umask (0077) can use
294 this option. Examples: '0660' is equivalent to 'group'. '0640' is a
295 repository that is group-readable but not group-writable.
296 See linkgit:git-init[1]. False by default.
298 core.warnAmbiguousRefs::
299 If true, git will warn you if the ref name you passed it is ambiguous
300 and might match multiple refs in the .git/refs/ tree. True by default.
303 An integer -1..9, indicating a default compression level.
304 -1 is the zlib default. 0 means no compression,
305 and 1..9 are various speed/size tradeoffs, 9 being slowest.
306 If set, this provides a default to other compression variables,
307 such as 'core.loosecompression' and 'pack.compression'.
309 core.loosecompression::
310 An integer -1..9, indicating the compression level for objects that
311 are not in a pack file. -1 is the zlib default. 0 means no
312 compression, and 1..9 are various speed/size tradeoffs, 9 being
313 slowest. If not set, defaults to core.compression. If that is
314 not set, defaults to 1 (best speed).
316 core.packedGitWindowSize::
317 Number of bytes of a pack file to map into memory in a
318 single mapping operation. Larger window sizes may allow
319 your system to process a smaller number of large pack files
320 more quickly. Smaller window sizes will negatively affect
321 performance due to increased calls to the operating system's
322 memory manager, but may improve performance when accessing
323 a large number of large pack files.
325 Default is 1 MiB if NO_MMAP was set at compile time, otherwise 32
326 MiB on 32 bit platforms and 1 GiB on 64 bit platforms. This should
327 be reasonable for all users/operating systems. You probably do
328 not need to adjust this value.
330 Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
332 core.packedGitLimit::
333 Maximum number of bytes to map simultaneously into memory
334 from pack files. If Git needs to access more than this many
335 bytes at once to complete an operation it will unmap existing
336 regions to reclaim virtual address space within the process.
338 Default is 256 MiB on 32 bit platforms and 8 GiB on 64 bit platforms.
339 This should be reasonable for all users/operating systems, except on
340 the largest projects. You probably do not need to adjust this value.
342 Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
344 core.deltaBaseCacheLimit::
345 Maximum number of bytes to reserve for caching base objects
346 that multiple deltafied objects reference. By storing the
347 entire decompressed base objects in a cache Git is able
348 to avoid unpacking and decompressing frequently used base
349 objects multiple times.
351 Default is 16 MiB on all platforms. This should be reasonable
352 for all users/operating systems, except on the largest projects.
353 You probably do not need to adjust this value.
355 Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
358 In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and
359 '.git/info/exclude', git looks into this file for patterns
360 of files which are not meant to be tracked. See
361 linkgit:gitignore[5].
364 Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit
365 messages by launching an editor uses the value of this
366 variable when it is set, and the environment variable
367 `GIT_EDITOR` is not set. The order of preference is
368 `GIT_EDITOR` environment, `core.editor`, `VISUAL` and
369 `EDITOR` environment variables and then finally `vi`.
372 The command that git will use to paginate output. Can
373 be overridden with the `GIT_PAGER` environment
374 variable. Note that git sets the `LESS` environment
375 variable to `FRSX` if it is unset when it runs the
376 pager. One can change these settings by setting the
377 `LESS` variable to some other value. Alternately,
378 these settings can be overridden on a project or
379 global basis by setting the `core.pager` option.
380 Setting `core.pager` has no affect on the `LESS`
381 environment variable behaviour above, so if you want
382 to override git's default settings this way, you need
383 to be explicit. For example, to disable the S option
384 in a backward compatible manner, set `core.pager`
385 to "`less -+$LESS -FRX`". This will be passed to the
386 shell by git, which will translate the final command to
387 "`LESS=FRSX less -+FRSX -FRX`".
390 A comma separated list of common whitespace problems to
391 notice. 'git-diff' will use `color.diff.whitespace` to
392 highlight them, and 'git-apply --whitespace=error' will
393 consider them as errors. You can prefix `-` to disable
394 any of them (e.g. `-trailing-space`):
396 * `trailing-space` treats trailing whitespaces at the end of the line
397 as an error (enabled by default).
398 * `space-before-tab` treats a space character that appears immediately
399 before a tab character in the initial indent part of the line as an
400 error (enabled by default).
401 * `indent-with-non-tab` treats a line that is indented with 8 or more
402 space characters as an error (not enabled by default).
403 * `cr-at-eol` treats a carriage-return at the end of line as
404 part of the line terminator, i.e. with it, `trailing-space`
405 does not trigger if the character before such a carriage-return
406 is not a whitespace (not enabled by default).
408 core.fsyncobjectfiles::
409 This boolean will enable 'fsync()' when writing object files.
411 This is a total waste of time and effort on a filesystem that orders
412 data writes properly, but can be useful for filesystems that do not use
413 journalling (traditional UNIX filesystems) or that only journal metadata
414 and not file contents (OS X's HFS+, or Linux ext3 with "data=writeback").
417 Enable parallel index preload for operations like 'git diff'
419 This can speed up operations like 'git diff' and 'git status' especially
420 on filesystems like NFS that have weak caching semantics and thus
421 relatively high IO latencies. With this set to 'true', git will do the
422 index comparison to the filesystem data in parallel, allowing
426 Command aliases for the linkgit:git[1] command wrapper - e.g.
427 after defining "alias.last = cat-file commit HEAD", the invocation
428 "git last" is equivalent to "git cat-file commit HEAD". To avoid
429 confusion and troubles with script usage, aliases that
430 hide existing git commands are ignored. Arguments are split by
431 spaces, the usual shell quoting and escaping is supported.
432 quote pair and a backslash can be used to quote them.
434 If the alias expansion is prefixed with an exclamation point,
435 it will be treated as a shell command. For example, defining
436 "alias.new = !gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD", the invocation
437 "git new" is equivalent to running the shell command
438 "gitk --all --not ORIG_HEAD".
441 Tells 'git-apply' how to handle whitespaces, in the same way
442 as the '--whitespace' option. See linkgit:git-apply[1].
444 branch.autosetupmerge::
445 Tells 'git-branch' and 'git-checkout' to setup new branches
446 so that linkgit:git-pull[1] will appropriately merge from the
447 starting point branch. Note that even if this option is not set,
448 this behavior can be chosen per-branch using the `--track`
449 and `--no-track` options. The valid settings are: `false` -- no
450 automatic setup is done; `true` -- automatic setup is done when the
451 starting point is a remote branch; `always` -- automatic setup is
452 done when the starting point is either a local branch or remote
453 branch. This option defaults to true.
455 branch.autosetuprebase::
456 When a new branch is created with 'git-branch' or 'git-checkout'
457 that tracks another branch, this variable tells git to set
458 up pull to rebase instead of merge (see "branch.<name>.rebase").
459 When `never`, rebase is never automatically set to true.
460 When `local`, rebase is set to true for tracked branches of
461 other local branches.
462 When `remote`, rebase is set to true for tracked branches of
464 When `always`, rebase will be set to true for all tracking
466 See "branch.autosetupmerge" for details on how to set up a
467 branch to track another branch.
468 This option defaults to never.
470 branch.<name>.remote::
471 When in branch <name>, it tells 'git-fetch' which remote to fetch.
472 If this option is not given, 'git-fetch' defaults to remote "origin".
474 branch.<name>.merge::
475 When in branch <name>, it tells 'git-fetch' the default
476 refspec to be marked for merging in FETCH_HEAD. The value is
477 handled like the remote part of a refspec, and must match a
478 ref which is fetched from the remote given by
479 "branch.<name>.remote".
480 The merge information is used by 'git-pull' (which at first calls
481 'git-fetch') to lookup the default branch for merging. Without
482 this option, 'git-pull' defaults to merge the first refspec fetched.
483 Specify multiple values to get an octopus merge.
484 If you wish to setup 'git-pull' so that it merges into <name> from
485 another branch in the local repository, you can point
486 branch.<name>.merge to the desired branch, and use the special setting
487 `.` (a period) for branch.<name>.remote.
489 branch.<name>.mergeoptions::
490 Sets default options for merging into branch <name>. The syntax and
491 supported options are equal to that of linkgit:git-merge[1], but
492 option values containing whitespace characters are currently not
495 branch.<name>.rebase::
496 When true, rebase the branch <name> on top of the fetched branch,
497 instead of merging the default branch from the default remote when
499 *NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
500 it unless you understand the implications (see linkgit:git-rebase[1]
504 Specify the command to invoke the specified browser. The
505 specified command is evaluated in shell with the URLs passed
506 as arguments. (See linkgit:git-web--browse[1].)
508 browser.<tool>.path::
509 Override the path for the given tool that may be used to
510 browse HTML help (see '-w' option in linkgit:git-help[1]) or a
511 working repository in gitweb (see linkgit:git-instaweb[1]).
514 A boolean to make git-clean do nothing unless given -f
515 or -n. Defaults to true.
518 A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
519 linkgit:git-branch[1]. May be set to `always`,
520 `false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used
521 only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false.
523 color.branch.<slot>::
524 Use customized color for branch coloration. `<slot>` is one of
525 `current` (the current branch), `local` (a local branch),
526 `remote` (a tracking branch in refs/remotes/), `plain` (other
529 The value for these configuration variables is a list of colors (at most
530 two) and attributes (at most one), separated by spaces. The colors
531 accepted are `normal`, `black`, `red`, `green`, `yellow`, `blue`,
532 `magenta`, `cyan` and `white`; the attributes are `bold`, `dim`, `ul`,
533 `blink` and `reverse`. The first color given is the foreground; the
534 second is the background. The position of the attribute, if any,
538 When set to `always`, always use colors in patch.
539 When false (or `never`), never. When set to `true` or `auto`, use
540 colors only when the output is to the terminal. Defaults to false.
543 Use customized color for diff colorization. `<slot>` specifies
544 which part of the patch to use the specified color, and is one
545 of `plain` (context text), `meta` (metainformation), `frag`
546 (hunk header), `old` (removed lines), `new` (added lines),
547 `commit` (commit headers), or `whitespace` (highlighting
548 whitespace errors). The values of these variables may be specified as
549 in color.branch.<slot>.
552 When set to `always`, always use colors for interactive prompts
553 and displays (such as those used by "git-add --interactive").
554 When false (or `never`), never. When set to `true` or `auto`, use
555 colors only when the output is to the terminal. Defaults to false.
557 color.interactive.<slot>::
558 Use customized color for 'git-add --interactive'
559 output. `<slot>` may be `prompt`, `header`, `help` or `error`, for
560 four distinct types of normal output from interactive
561 programs. The values of these variables may be specified as
562 in color.branch.<slot>.
565 A boolean to enable/disable colored output when the pager is in
566 use (default is true).
569 A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
570 linkgit:git-status[1]. May be set to `always`,
571 `false` (or `never`) or `auto` (or `true`), in which case colors are used
572 only when the output is to a terminal. Defaults to false.
574 color.status.<slot>::
575 Use customized color for status colorization. `<slot>` is
576 one of `header` (the header text of the status message),
577 `added` or `updated` (files which are added but not committed),
578 `changed` (files which are changed but not added in the index),
579 `untracked` (files which are not tracked by git), or
580 `nobranch` (the color the 'no branch' warning is shown in, defaulting
581 to red). The values of these variables may be specified as in
585 When set to `always`, always use colors in all git commands which
586 are capable of colored output. When false (or `never`), never. When
587 set to `true` or `auto`, use colors only when the output is to the
588 terminal. When more specific variables of color.* are set, they always
589 take precedence over this setting. Defaults to false.
592 Specify a file to use as the template for new commit messages.
594 diff.autorefreshindex::
595 When using 'git-diff' to compare with work tree
596 files, do not consider stat-only change as changed.
597 Instead, silently run `git update-index --refresh` to
598 update the cached stat information for paths whose
599 contents in the work tree match the contents in the
600 index. This option defaults to true. Note that this
601 affects only 'git-diff' Porcelain, and not lower level
602 'diff' commands, such as 'git-diff-files'.
605 If this config variable is set, diff generation is not
606 performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the
607 given command. Can be overridden with the `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'
608 environment variable. The command is called with parameters
609 as described under "git Diffs" in linkgit:git[1]. Note: if
610 you want to use an external diff program only on a subset of
611 your files, you might want to use linkgit:gitattributes[5] instead.
613 diff.mnemonicprefix::
614 If set, 'git-diff' uses a prefix pair that is different from the
615 standard "a/" and "b/" depending on what is being compared. When
616 this configuration is in effect, reverse diff output also swaps
617 the order of the prefixes:
619 compares the (i)ndex and the (w)ork tree;
621 compares a (c)ommit and the (w)ork tree;
622 'git diff --cached';;
623 compares a (c)ommit and the (i)ndex;
624 'git-diff HEAD:file1 file2';;
625 compares an (o)bject and a (w)ork tree entity;
626 'git diff --no-index a b';;
627 compares two non-git things (1) and (2).
630 The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
631 detection; equivalent to the 'git-diff' option '-l'.
634 Tells git to detect renames. If set to any boolean value, it
635 will enable basic rename detection. If set to "copies" or
636 "copy", it will detect copies, as well.
638 diff.suppressBlankEmpty::
639 A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space
640 before each empty output line. Defaults to false.
643 A POSIX Extended Regular Expression used to determine what is a "word"
644 when performing word-by-word difference calculations. Character
645 sequences that match the regular expression are "words", all other
646 characters are *ignorable* whitespace.
649 If the number of objects fetched over the git native
650 transfer is below this
651 limit, then the objects will be unpacked into loose object
652 files. However if the number of received objects equals or
653 exceeds this limit then the received pack will be stored as
654 a pack, after adding any missing delta bases. Storing the
655 pack from a push can make the push operation complete faster,
656 especially on slow filesystems. If not set, the value of
657 `transfer.unpackLimit` is used instead.
660 A boolean which can enable or disable sequence numbers in patch
661 subjects. It defaults to "auto" which enables it only if there
662 is more than one patch. It can be enabled or disabled for all
663 messages by setting it to "true" or "false". See --numbered
664 option in linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
667 Additional email headers to include in a patch to be submitted
668 by mail. See linkgit:git-format-patch[1].
671 The default for format-patch is to output files with the suffix
672 `.patch`. Use this variable to change that suffix (make sure to
673 include the dot if you want it).
676 The default pretty format for log/show/whatchanged command,
677 See linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1],
678 linkgit:git-whatchanged[1].
680 gc.aggressiveWindow::
681 The window size parameter used in the delta compression
682 algorithm used by 'git-gc --aggressive'. This defaults
686 When there are approximately more than this many loose
687 objects in the repository, `git gc --auto` will pack them.
688 Some Porcelain commands use this command to perform a
689 light-weight garbage collection from time to time. The
690 default value is 6700. Setting this to 0 disables it.
693 When there are more than this many packs that are not
694 marked with `*.keep` file in the repository, `git gc
695 --auto` consolidates them into one larger pack. The
696 default value is 50. Setting this to 0 disables it.
699 'git-gc' does not run `git pack-refs` in a bare repository by
700 default so that older dumb-transport clients can still fetch
701 from the repository. Setting this to `true` lets 'git-gc'
702 to run `git pack-refs`. Setting this to `false` tells
703 'git-gc' never to run `git pack-refs`. The default setting is
704 `notbare`. Enable it only when you know you do not have to
705 support such clients. The default setting will change to `true`
706 at some stage, and setting this to `false` will continue to
707 prevent `git pack-refs` from being run from 'git-gc'.
710 When 'git-gc' is run, it will call 'prune --expire 2.weeks.ago'.
711 Override the grace period with this config variable. The value
712 "now" may be used to disable this grace period and always prune
713 unreachable objects immediately.
716 'git-reflog expire' removes reflog entries older than
717 this time; defaults to 90 days.
719 gc.reflogexpireunreachable::
720 'git-reflog expire' removes reflog entries older than
721 this time and are not reachable from the current tip;
725 Records of conflicted merge you resolved earlier are
726 kept for this many days when 'git-rerere gc' is run.
727 The default is 60 days. See linkgit:git-rerere[1].
729 gc.rerereunresolved::
730 Records of conflicted merge you have not resolved are
731 kept for this many days when 'git-rerere gc' is run.
732 The default is 15 days. See linkgit:git-rerere[1].
734 gitcvs.commitmsgannotation::
735 Append this string to each commit message. Set to empty string
736 to disable this feature. Defaults to "via git-CVS emulator".
739 Whether the CVS server interface is enabled for this repository.
740 See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
743 Path to a log file where the CVS server interface well... logs
744 various stuff. See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
747 If true, the server will look up the `crlf` attribute for
748 files to determine the '-k' modes to use. If `crlf` is set,
749 the '-k' mode will be left blank, so cvs clients will
750 treat it as text. If `crlf` is explicitly unset, the file
751 will be set with '-kb' mode, which suppresses any newline munging
752 the client might otherwise do. If `crlf` is not specified,
753 then 'gitcvs.allbinary' is used. See linkgit:gitattributes[5].
756 This is used if 'gitcvs.usecrlfattr' does not resolve
757 the correct '-kb' mode to use. If true, all
758 unresolved files are sent to the client in
759 mode '-kb'. This causes the client to treat them
760 as binary files, which suppresses any newline munging it
761 otherwise might do. Alternatively, if it is set to "guess",
762 then the contents of the file are examined to decide if
763 it is binary, similar to 'core.autocrlf'.
766 Database used by git-cvsserver to cache revision information
767 derived from the git repository. The exact meaning depends on the
768 used database driver, for SQLite (which is the default driver) this
769 is a filename. Supports variable substitution (see
770 linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details). May not contain semicolons (`;`).
771 Default: '%Ggitcvs.%m.sqlite'
774 Used Perl DBI driver. You can specify any available driver
775 for this here, but it might not work. git-cvsserver is tested
776 with 'DBD::SQLite', reported to work with 'DBD::Pg', and
777 reported *not* to work with 'DBD::mysql'. Experimental feature.
778 May not contain double colons (`:`). Default: 'SQLite'.
779 See linkgit:git-cvsserver[1].
781 gitcvs.dbuser, gitcvs.dbpass::
782 Database user and password. Only useful if setting 'gitcvs.dbdriver',
783 since SQLite has no concept of database users and/or passwords.
784 'gitcvs.dbuser' supports variable substitution (see
785 linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details).
787 gitcvs.dbTableNamePrefix::
788 Database table name prefix. Prepended to the names of any
789 database tables used, allowing a single database to be used
790 for several repositories. Supports variable substitution (see
791 linkgit:git-cvsserver[1] for details). Any non-alphabetic
792 characters will be replaced with underscores.
794 All gitcvs variables except for 'gitcvs.usecrlfattr' and
795 'gitcvs.allbinary' can also be specified as
796 'gitcvs.<access_method>.<varname>' (where 'access_method'
797 is one of "ext" and "pserver") to make them apply only for the given
801 Defines how wide the commit message window is in the
802 linkgit:git-gui[1]. "75" is the default.
805 Specifies how many context lines should be used in calls to diff
806 made by the linkgit:git-gui[1]. The default is "5".
809 Specifies the default encoding to use for displaying of
810 file contents in linkgit:git-gui[1] and linkgit:gitk[1].
811 It can be overridden by setting the 'encoding' attribute
812 for relevant files (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]).
813 If this option is not set, the tools default to the
816 gui.matchtrackingbranch::
817 Determines if new branches created with linkgit:git-gui[1] should
818 default to tracking remote branches with matching names or
819 not. Default: "false".
821 gui.newbranchtemplate::
822 Is used as suggested name when creating new branches using the
825 gui.pruneduringfetch::
826 "true" if linkgit:git-gui[1] should prune tracking branches when
827 performing a fetch. The default value is "false".
830 Determines if linkgit:git-gui[1] should trust the file modification
831 timestamp or not. By default the timestamps are not trusted.
833 gui.spellingdictionary::
834 Specifies the dictionary used for spell checking commit messages in
835 the linkgit:git-gui[1]. When set to "none" spell checking is turned
839 If true, 'git gui blame' uses '-C' instead of '-C -C' for original
840 location detection. It makes blame significantly faster on huge
841 repositories at the expense of less thorough copy detection.
843 gui.copyblamethreshold::
844 Specifies the threshold to use in 'git gui blame' original location
845 detection, measured in alphanumeric characters. See the
846 linkgit:git-blame[1] manual for more information on copy detection.
848 gui.blamehistoryctx::
849 Specifies the radius of history context in days to show in
850 linkgit:gitk[1] for the selected commit, when the `Show History
851 Context` menu item is invoked from 'git gui blame'. If this
852 variable is set to zero, the whole history is shown.
855 Specifies the shell command line to execute when the corresponding item
856 of the linkgit:git-gui[1] `Tools` menu is invoked. This option is
857 mandatory for every tool. The command is executed from the root of
858 the working directory, and in the environment it receives the name of
859 the tool as 'GIT_GUITOOL', the name of the currently selected file as
860 'FILENAME', and the name of the current branch as 'CUR_BRANCH' (if
861 the head is detached, 'CUR_BRANCH' is empty).
863 guitool.<name>.needsfile::
864 Run the tool only if a diff is selected in the GUI. It guarantees
865 that 'FILENAME' is not empty.
867 guitool.<name>.noconsole::
868 Run the command silently, without creating a window to display its
871 guitool.<name>.norescan::
872 Don't rescan the working directory for changes after the tool
875 guitool.<name>.confirm::
876 Show a confirmation dialog before actually running the tool.
878 guitool.<name>.argprompt::
879 Request a string argument from the user, and pass it to the tool
880 through the 'ARGS' environment variable. Since requesting an
881 argument implies confirmation, the 'confirm' option has no effect
882 if this is enabled. If the option is set to 'true', 'yes', or '1',
883 the dialog uses a built-in generic prompt; otherwise the exact
884 value of the variable is used.
886 guitool.<name>.revprompt::
887 Request a single valid revision from the user, and set the
888 'REVISION' environment variable. In other aspects this option
889 is similar to 'argprompt', and can be used together with it.
891 guitool.<name>.revunmerged::
892 Show only unmerged branches in the 'revprompt' subdialog.
893 This is useful for tools similar to merge or rebase, but not
894 for things like checkout or reset.
896 guitool.<name>.title::
897 Specifies the title to use for the prompt dialog. The default
900 guitool.<name>.prompt::
901 Specifies the general prompt string to display at the top of
902 the dialog, before subsections for 'argprompt' and 'revprompt'.
903 The default value includes the actual command.
906 Specify the browser that will be used to display help in the
907 'web' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
910 Override the default help format used by linkgit:git-help[1].
911 Values 'man', 'info', 'web' and 'html' are supported. 'man' is
912 the default. 'web' and 'html' are the same.
915 Automatically correct and execute mistyped commands after
916 waiting for the given number of deciseconds (0.1 sec). If more
917 than one command can be deduced from the entered text, nothing
918 will be executed. If the value of this option is negative,
919 the corrected command will be executed immediately. If the
920 value is 0 - the command will be just shown but not executed.
924 Override the HTTP proxy, normally configured using the 'http_proxy'
925 environment variable (see linkgit:curl[1]). This can be overridden
926 on a per-remote basis; see remote.<name>.proxy
929 Whether to verify the SSL certificate when fetching or pushing
930 over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY' environment
934 File containing the SSL certificate when fetching or pushing
935 over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_CERT' environment
939 File containing the SSL private key when fetching or pushing
940 over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_SSL_KEY' environment
944 File containing the certificates to verify the peer with when
945 fetching or pushing over HTTPS. Can be overridden by the
946 'GIT_SSL_CAINFO' environment variable.
949 Path containing files with the CA certificates to verify the peer
950 with when fetching or pushing over HTTPS. Can be overridden
951 by the 'GIT_SSL_CAPATH' environment variable.
954 How many HTTP requests to launch in parallel. Can be overridden
955 by the 'GIT_HTTP_MAX_REQUESTS' environment variable. Default is 5.
957 http.lowSpeedLimit, http.lowSpeedTime::
958 If the HTTP transfer speed is less than 'http.lowSpeedLimit'
959 for longer than 'http.lowSpeedTime' seconds, the transfer is aborted.
960 Can be overridden by the 'GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT' and
961 'GIT_HTTP_LOW_SPEED_TIME' environment variables.
964 A boolean which disables using of EPSV ftp command by curl.
965 This can helpful with some "poor" ftp servers which don't
966 support EPSV mode. Can be overridden by the 'GIT_CURL_FTP_NO_EPSV'
967 environment variable. Default is false (curl will use EPSV).
969 i18n.commitEncoding::
970 Character encoding the commit messages are stored in; git itself
971 does not care per se, but this information is necessary e.g. when
972 importing commits from emails or in the gitk graphical history
973 browser (and possibly at other places in the future or in other
974 porcelains). See e.g. linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]. Defaults to 'utf-8'.
976 i18n.logOutputEncoding::
977 Character encoding the commit messages are converted to when
978 running 'git-log' and friends.
981 The configuration variables in the 'imap' section are described
982 in linkgit:git-imap-send[1].
985 Specify the program that will be used to browse your working
986 repository in gitweb. See linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
989 The HTTP daemon command-line to start gitweb on your working
990 repository. See linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
993 If true the web server started by linkgit:git-instaweb[1] will
994 be bound to the local IP (127.0.0.1).
996 instaweb.modulepath::
997 The module path for an apache httpd used by linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
1000 The port number to bind the gitweb httpd to. See
1001 linkgit:git-instaweb[1].
1003 interactive.singlekey::
1004 In interactive programs, allow the user to provide one-letter
1005 input with a single key (i.e., without hitting enter).
1006 Currently this is used only by the `\--patch` mode of
1007 linkgit:git-add[1]. Note that this setting is silently
1008 ignored if portable keystroke input is not available.
1011 Set default date-time mode for the log command. Setting log.date
1012 value is similar to using 'git-log'\'s --date option. The value is one of the
1013 following alternatives: {relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short}.
1014 See linkgit:git-log[1].
1017 If true, the initial commit will be shown as a big creation event.
1018 This is equivalent to a diff against an empty tree.
1019 Tools like linkgit:git-log[1] or linkgit:git-whatchanged[1], which
1020 normally hide the root commit will now show it. True by default.
1023 Specify the programs that may be used to display help in the
1024 'man' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
1027 Specify the command to invoke the specified man viewer. The
1028 specified command is evaluated in shell with the man page
1029 passed as argument. (See linkgit:git-help[1].)
1032 Override the path for the given tool that may be used to
1033 display help in the 'man' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
1035 include::merge-config.txt[]
1037 mergetool.<tool>.path::
1038 Override the path for the given tool. This is useful in case
1039 your tool is not in the PATH.
1041 mergetool.<tool>.cmd::
1042 Specify the command to invoke the specified merge tool. The
1043 specified command is evaluated in shell with the following
1044 variables available: 'BASE' is the name of a temporary file
1045 containing the common base of the files to be merged, if available;
1046 'LOCAL' is the name of a temporary file containing the contents of
1047 the file on the current branch; 'REMOTE' is the name of a temporary
1048 file containing the contents of the file from the branch being
1049 merged; 'MERGED' contains the name of the file to which the merge
1050 tool should write the results of a successful merge.
1052 mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode::
1053 For a custom merge command, specify whether the exit code of
1054 the merge command can be used to determine whether the merge was
1055 successful. If this is not set to true then the merge target file
1056 timestamp is checked and the merge assumed to have been successful
1057 if the file has been updated, otherwise the user is prompted to
1058 indicate the success of the merge.
1060 mergetool.keepBackup::
1061 After performing a merge, the original file with conflict markers
1062 can be saved as a file with a `.orig` extension. If this variable
1063 is set to `false` then this file is not preserved. Defaults to
1064 `true` (i.e. keep the backup files).
1066 mergetool.keepTemporaries::
1067 When invoking a custom merge tool, git uses a set of temporary
1068 files to pass to the tool. If the tool returns an error and this
1069 variable is set to `true`, then these temporary files will be
1070 preserved, otherwise they will be removed after the tool has
1071 exited. Defaults to `false`.
1074 Prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution program.
1077 The size of the window used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] when no
1078 window size is given on the command line. Defaults to 10.
1081 The maximum delta depth used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] when no
1082 maximum depth is given on the command line. Defaults to 50.
1085 The window memory size limit used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
1086 when no limit is given on the command line. The value can be
1087 suffixed with "k", "m", or "g". Defaults to 0, meaning no
1091 An integer -1..9, indicating the compression level for objects
1092 in a pack file. -1 is the zlib default. 0 means no
1093 compression, and 1..9 are various speed/size tradeoffs, 9 being
1094 slowest. If not set, defaults to core.compression. If that is
1095 not set, defaults to -1, the zlib default, which is "a default
1096 compromise between speed and compression (currently equivalent
1099 pack.deltaCacheSize::
1100 The maximum memory in bytes used for caching deltas in
1101 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
1102 A value of 0 means no limit. Defaults to 0.
1104 pack.deltaCacheLimit::
1105 The maximum size of a delta, that is cached in
1106 linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]. Defaults to 1000.
1109 Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best
1110 delta matches. This requires that linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]
1111 be compiled with pthreads otherwise this option is ignored with a
1112 warning. This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor
1113 machines. The required amount of memory for the delta search window
1114 is however multiplied by the number of threads.
1115 Specifying 0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
1116 and set the number of threads accordingly.
1119 Specify the default pack index version. Valid values are 1 for
1120 legacy pack index used by Git versions prior to 1.5.2, and 2 for
1121 the new pack index with capabilities for packs larger than 4 GB
1122 as well as proper protection against the repacking of corrupted
1123 packs. Version 2 is the default. Note that version 2 is enforced
1124 and this config option ignored whenever the corresponding pack is
1127 If you have an old git that does not understand the version 2 `{asterisk}.idx` file,
1128 cloning or fetching over a non native protocol (e.g. "http" and "rsync")
1129 that will copy both `{asterisk}.pack` file and corresponding `{asterisk}.idx` file from the
1130 other side may give you a repository that cannot be accessed with your
1131 older version of git. If the `{asterisk}.pack` file is smaller than 2 GB, however,
1132 you can use linkgit:git-index-pack[1] on the *.pack file to regenerate
1133 the `{asterisk}.idx` file.
1135 pack.packSizeLimit::
1136 The default maximum size of a pack. This setting only affects
1137 packing to a file, i.e. the git:// protocol is unaffected. It
1138 can be overridden by the `\--max-pack-size` option of
1139 linkgit:git-repack[1].
1142 Allows turning on or off pagination of the output of a
1143 particular git subcommand when writing to a tty. If
1144 `\--paginate` or `\--no-pager` is specified on the command line,
1145 it takes precedence over this option. To disable pagination for
1146 all commands, set `core.pager` or 'GIT_PAGER' to "`cat`".
1149 The default merge strategy to use when pulling multiple branches
1153 The default merge strategy to use when pulling a single branch.
1155 receive.fsckObjects::
1156 If it is set to true, git-receive-pack will check all received
1157 objects. It will abort in the case of a malformed object or a
1158 broken link. The result of an abort are only dangling objects.
1161 receive.unpackLimit::
1162 If the number of objects received in a push is below this
1163 limit then the objects will be unpacked into loose object
1164 files. However if the number of received objects equals or
1165 exceeds this limit then the received pack will be stored as
1166 a pack, after adding any missing delta bases. Storing the
1167 pack from a push can make the push operation complete faster,
1168 especially on slow filesystems. If not set, the value of
1169 `transfer.unpackLimit` is used instead.
1171 receive.denyDeletes::
1172 If set to true, git-receive-pack will deny a ref update that deletes
1173 the ref. Use this to prevent such a ref deletion via a push.
1175 receive.denyCurrentBranch::
1176 If set to true or "refuse", receive-pack will deny a ref update
1177 to the currently checked out branch of a non-bare repository.
1178 Such a push is potentially dangerous because it brings the HEAD
1179 out of sync with the index and working tree. If set to "warn",
1180 print a warning of such a push to stderr, but allow the push to
1181 proceed. If set to false or "ignore", allow such pushes with no
1182 message. Defaults to "warn".
1184 receive.denyNonFastForwards::
1185 If set to true, git-receive-pack will deny a ref update which is
1186 not a fast forward. Use this to prevent such an update via a push,
1187 even if that push is forced. This configuration variable is
1188 set when initializing a shared repository.
1191 The URL of a remote repository. See linkgit:git-fetch[1] or
1192 linkgit:git-push[1].
1194 remote.<name>.proxy::
1195 For remotes that require curl (http, https and ftp), the URL to
1196 the proxy to use for that remote. Set to the empty string to
1197 disable proxying for that remote.
1199 remote.<name>.fetch::
1200 The default set of "refspec" for linkgit:git-fetch[1]. See
1201 linkgit:git-fetch[1].
1203 remote.<name>.push::
1204 The default set of "refspec" for linkgit:git-push[1]. See
1205 linkgit:git-push[1].
1207 remote.<name>.mirror::
1208 If true, pushing to this remote will automatically behave
1209 as if the `\--mirror` option was given on the command line.
1211 remote.<name>.skipDefaultUpdate::
1212 If true, this remote will be skipped by default when updating
1213 using the update subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1].
1215 remote.<name>.receivepack::
1216 The default program to execute on the remote side when pushing. See
1217 option \--receive-pack of linkgit:git-push[1].
1219 remote.<name>.uploadpack::
1220 The default program to execute on the remote side when fetching. See
1221 option \--upload-pack of linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1].
1223 remote.<name>.tagopt::
1224 Setting this value to \--no-tags disables automatic tag following when
1225 fetching from remote <name>
1228 The list of remotes which are fetched by "git remote update
1229 <group>". See linkgit:git-remote[1].
1231 repack.usedeltabaseoffset::
1232 By default, linkgit:git-repack[1] creates packs that use
1233 delta-base offset. If you need to share your repository with
1234 git older than version 1.4.4, either directly or via a dumb
1235 protocol such as http, then you need to set this option to
1236 "false" and repack. Access from old git versions over the
1237 native protocol are unaffected by this option.
1240 When set to true, `git-rerere` updates the index with the
1241 resulting contents after it cleanly resolves conflicts using
1242 previously recorded resolution. Defaults to false.
1245 Activate recording of resolved conflicts, so that identical
1246 conflict hunks can be resolved automatically, should they
1247 be encountered again. linkgit:git-rerere[1] command is by
1248 default enabled if you create `rr-cache` directory under
1249 `$GIT_DIR`, but can be disabled by setting this option to false.
1251 showbranch.default::
1252 The default set of branches for linkgit:git-show-branch[1].
1253 See linkgit:git-show-branch[1].
1255 status.relativePaths::
1256 By default, linkgit:git-status[1] shows paths relative to the
1257 current directory. Setting this variable to `false` shows paths
1258 relative to the repository root (this was the default for git
1261 status.showUntrackedFiles::
1262 By default, linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-commit[1] show
1263 files which are not currently tracked by Git. Directories which
1264 contain only untracked files, are shown with the directory name
1265 only. Showing untracked files means that Git needs to lstat() all
1266 all the files in the whole repository, which might be slow on some
1267 systems. So, this variable controls how the commands displays
1268 the untracked files. Possible values are:
1271 - 'no' - Show no untracked files
1272 - 'normal' - Shows untracked files and directories
1273 - 'all' - Shows also individual files in untracked directories.
1276 If this variable is not specified, it defaults to 'normal'.
1277 This variable can be overridden with the -u|--untracked-files option
1278 of linkgit:git-status[1] and linkgit:git-commit[1].
1281 This variable can be used to restrict the permission bits of
1282 tar archive entries. The default is 0002, which turns off the
1283 world write bit. The special value "user" indicates that the
1284 archiving user's umask will be used instead. See umask(2) and
1285 linkgit:git-archive[1].
1287 transfer.unpackLimit::
1288 When `fetch.unpackLimit` or `receive.unpackLimit` are
1289 not set, the value of this variable is used instead.
1290 The default value is 100.
1292 url.<base>.insteadOf::
1293 Any URL that starts with this value will be rewritten to
1294 start, instead, with <base>. In cases where some site serves a
1295 large number of repositories, and serves them with multiple
1296 access methods, and some users need to use different access
1297 methods, this feature allows people to specify any of the
1298 equivalent URLs and have git automatically rewrite the URL to
1299 the best alternative for the particular user, even for a
1300 never-before-seen repository on the site. When more than one
1301 insteadOf strings match a given URL, the longest match is used.
1304 Your email address to be recorded in any newly created commits.
1305 Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL', 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL', and
1306 'EMAIL' environment variables. See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
1309 Your full name to be recorded in any newly created commits.
1310 Can be overridden by the 'GIT_AUTHOR_NAME' and 'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'
1311 environment variables. See linkgit:git-commit-tree[1].
1314 If linkgit:git-tag[1] is not selecting the key you want it to
1315 automatically when creating a signed tag, you can override the
1316 default selection with this variable. This option is passed
1317 unchanged to gpg's --local-user parameter, so you may specify a key
1318 using any method that gpg supports.
1321 Specify a web browser that may be used by some commands.
1322 Currently only linkgit:git-instaweb[1] and linkgit:git-help[1]