6 git-format-patch - Prepare patches for e-mail submission
12 'git-format-patch' [-k] [-o <dir> | --stdout] [--thread]
13 [--attach[=<boundary>] | --inline[=<boundary>]]
14 [-s | --signoff] [<common diff options>]
15 [-n | --numbered | -N | --no-numbered]
16 [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
17 [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
18 [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
19 [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
20 [ <since> | <revision range> ]
25 Prepare each commit with its patch in
26 one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format.
27 The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or
28 for use with gitlink:git-am[1].
30 There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
32 1. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading
33 to the tip of the current branch that are not in the history
34 that leads to the <since> to be output.
36 2. Generic <revision range> expression (see "SPECIFYING
37 REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1]) means the
38 commits in the specified range.
40 A single commit, when interpreted as a <revision range>
41 expression, means "everything that leads to that commit", but
42 if you write 'git format-patch <commit>', the previous rule
43 applies to that command line and you do not get "everything
44 since the beginning of the time". If you want to format
45 everything since project inception to one commit, say "git
46 format-patch \--root <commit>" to make it clear that it is the
49 By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
50 first line of the commit message (massaged for pathname safety) as
51 the filename. With the --numbered-files option, the output file names
52 will only be numbers, without the first line of the commit appended.
53 The names of the output files are printed to standard
54 output, unless the --stdout option is specified.
56 If -o is specified, output files are created in <dir>. Otherwise
57 they are created in the current working directory.
59 If -n is specified, instead of "[PATCH] Subject", the first line
60 is formatted as "[PATCH n/m] Subject".
62 If given --thread, git-format-patch will generate In-Reply-To and
63 References headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
64 as replies to the first mail; this also generates a Message-Id header to
70 include::diff-options.txt[]
73 Limits the number of patches to prepare.
75 -o|--output-directory <dir>::
76 Use <dir> to store the resulting files, instead of the
77 current working directory.
80 Name output in '[PATCH n/m]' format.
83 Name output in '[PATCH]' format.
86 Start numbering the patches at <n> instead of 1.
89 Output file names will be a simple number sequence
90 without the default first line of the commit appended.
91 Mutually exclusive with the --stdout option.
94 Do not strip/add '[PATCH]' from the first line of the
98 Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
99 the committer identity of yourself.
102 Print all commits to the standard output in mbox format,
103 instead of creating a file for each one.
105 --attach[=<boundary>]::
106 Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
107 which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
108 second part, with "Content-Disposition: attachment".
110 --inline[=<boundary>]::
111 Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
112 which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
113 second part, with "Content-Disposition: inline".
116 Add In-Reply-To and References headers to make the second and
117 subsequent mails appear as replies to the first. Also generates
118 the Message-Id header to reference.
120 --in-reply-to=Message-Id::
121 Make the first mail (or all the mails with --no-thread) appear as a
122 reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
123 provide a new patch series.
125 --ignore-if-in-upstream::
126 Do not include a patch that matches a commit in
127 <until>..<since>. This will examine all patches reachable
128 from <since> but not from <until> and compare them with the
129 patches being generated, and any patch that matches is
132 --subject-prefix=<Subject-Prefix>::
133 Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject
134 line, instead use '[<Subject-Prefix>]'. This
135 allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
136 combined with the --numbered option.
139 Instead of using `.patch` as the suffix for generated
140 filenames, use specified suffix. A common alternative is
143 Note that you would need to include the leading dot `.` if you
144 want a filename like `0001-description-of-my-change.patch`, and
145 the first letter does not have to be a dot. Leaving it empty would
150 You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each message
151 in the repository configuration, new defaults for the subject prefix
152 and file suffix, and number patches when outputting more than one.
156 headers = "Organization: git-foo\n"
157 subjectprefix = CHANGE
166 git-format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git-am -3 -k::
167 Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply
168 them on top of the current branch using `git-am` to
171 git-format-patch origin::
172 Extract all commits which are in the current branch but
173 not in the origin branch. For each commit a separate file
174 is created in the current directory.
176 git-format-patch \--root origin::
177 Extract all commits that lead to 'origin' since the
178 inception of the project.
180 git-format-patch -M -B origin::
181 The same as the previous one. Additionally, it detects
182 and handles renames and complete rewrites intelligently to
183 produce a renaming patch. A renaming patch reduces the
184 amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to
185 review it. Note that the "patch" program does not
186 understand renaming patches, so use it only when you know
187 the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
189 git-format-patch -3::
190 Extract three topmost commits from the current branch
191 and format them as e-mailable patches.
195 gitlink:git-am[1], gitlink:git-send-email[1]
200 Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
204 Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
208 Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite