compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include <wchar.h>
   5 #include "../strbuf.h"
   6 #include "../run-command.h"
   7 #include "../cache.h"
   8
   9 #define HCAST(type, handle) ((type)(intptr_t)handle)
  10
  11 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  12
  13 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  14 {
  15         int error = ENOSYS;
  16         switch(winerr) {
  17         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  18         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  19         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  20         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  21         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  22         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  30         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  31         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  32         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  33         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  34         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  35         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  36         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  37         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  39         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  41         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  42         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  43         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  44         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  45         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  46         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  47         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  48         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  49         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  50         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  51         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  52         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  54         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  55         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  56         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  57         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  58         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  59         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  75         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  76         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  77         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  78         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  79         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  80         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  81         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  82         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  83         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  84         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  85         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  86         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  87         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  88         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  89         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  90         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  91         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  93         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  94         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  95         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  96         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  97         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  98         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  99         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
 100         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
 101         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 102         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 104         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 105         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 106         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 107         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 108         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 109         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 110         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 111         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 112         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 113         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 114         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 115         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 116         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 117         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 118         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 119         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 120         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 121         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 122         }
 123         return error;
 124 }
 125
 126 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 127 {
 128         switch (errcode) {
 129         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 130         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 131                 return 1;
 132         }
 133
 134         return 0;
 135 }
 136
 137 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 138 {
 139         char answer[1024];
 140
 141         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 142                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 143                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 144
 145                 /* remove the newline */
 146                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 147                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 148                         got_full_line = 1;
 149                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 150                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 151                         got_full_line = 1;
 152                 }
 153                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 154                 if (!got_full_line)
 155                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 156                                 ;
 157         } else
 158                 /* we could not read, return the
 159                  * default answer which is no */
 160                 return 0;
 161
 162         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 163                 return 1;
 164         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 165                 return 1;
 166         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 167                 return 0;
 168         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 169                 return 0;
 170
 171         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 172         return -1;
 173 }
 174
 175 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 176 {
 177         char question[4096];
 178         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 179         va_list args;
 180
 181         va_start(args, format);
 182         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 183         va_end(args);
 184
 185         if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 186                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 187                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 188         }
 189
 190         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 191                 return 0;
 192
 193         while (1) {
 194                 int answer;
 195                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 196
 197                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 198                         return answer;
 199
 200                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 201                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 202         }
 203 }
 204
 205 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 206 {
 207         int ret, tries = 0;
 208         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 209         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 210                 return -1;
 211
 212         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 213         _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 214         while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 215                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 216                         break;
 217                 /*
 218                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 219                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 220                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 221                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 222                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 223                  */
 224                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 225                 tries++;
 226         }
 227         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 228                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 229                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 230                ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 231         return ret;
 232 }
 233
 234 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 235 {
 236         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 237         HANDLE handle;
 238         wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 239         wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 240         wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 241         handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 242         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 243                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 244
 245         while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 246                         !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 247                 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 248                         DWORD err = GetLastError();
 249                         FindClose(handle);
 250                         return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 251                 }
 252         FindClose(handle);
 253         return 0;
 254 }
 255
 256 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 257 {
 258         int ret, tries = 0;
 259         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 260         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 261                 return -1;
 262
 263         while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 264                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 265                         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 266                 if (errno != EACCES)
 267                         break;
 268                 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 269                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 270                         break;
 271                 }
 272                 /*
 273                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 274                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 275                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 276                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 277                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 278                  */
 279                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 280                 tries++;
 281         }
 282         while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 283                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 284                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 285                ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 286         return ret;
 287 }
 288
 289 static inline int needs_hiding(const char *path)
 290 {
 291         const char *basename;
 292
 293         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE)
 294                 return 0;
 295
 296         /* We cannot use basename(), as it would remove trailing slashes */
 297         mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix((char **)&path);
 298         if (!*path)
 299                 return 0;
 300
 301         for (basename = path; *path; path++)
 302                 if (is_dir_sep(*path)) {
 303                         do {
 304                                 path++;
 305                         } while (is_dir_sep(*path));
 306                         /* ignore trailing slashes */
 307                         if (*path)
 308                                 basename = path;
 309                 }
 310
 311         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE)
 312                 return *basename == '.';
 313
 314         assert(hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY);
 315         return !strncasecmp(".git", basename, 4) &&
 316                 (!basename[4] || is_dir_sep(basename[4]));
 317 }
 318
 319 static int set_hidden_flag(const wchar_t *path, int set)
 320 {
 321         DWORD original = GetFileAttributesW(path), modified;
 322         if (set)
 323                 modified = original | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
 324         else
 325                 modified = original & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
 326         if (original == modified || SetFileAttributesW(path, modified))
 327                 return 0;
 328         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 329         return -1;
 330 }
 331
 332 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 333 {
 334         int ret;
 335         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 336         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 337                 return -1;
 338         ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 339         if (!ret && needs_hiding(path))
 340                 return set_hidden_flag(wpath, 1);
 341         return ret;
 342 }
 343
 344 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 345 {
 346         va_list args;
 347         unsigned mode;
 348         int fd;
 349         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 350
 351         va_start(args, oflags);
 352         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 353         va_end(args);
 354
 355         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 356                 filename = "nul";
 357
 358         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 359                 return -1;
 360         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 361
 362         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY && errno == EACCES) {
 363                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 364                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 365                         errno = EISDIR;
 366         }
 367         if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && needs_hiding(filename)) {
 368                 /*
 369                  * Internally, _wopen() uses the CreateFile() API which errors
 370                  * out with an ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED if CREATE_ALWAYS was
 371                  * specified and an already existing file's attributes do not
 372                  * match *exactly*. As there is no mode or flag we can set that
 373                  * would correspond to FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN, let's just try
 374                  * again *without* the O_CREAT flag (that corresponds to the
 375                  * CREATE_ALWAYS flag of CreateFile()).
 376                  */
 377                 if (fd < 0 && errno == EACCES)
 378                         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags & ~O_CREAT, mode);
 379                 if (fd >= 0 && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
 380                         warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 381         }
 382         return fd;
 383 }
 384
 385 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 386 {
 387         return TRUE;
 388 }
 389
 390 #undef fgetc
 391 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 392 {
 393         int ch;
 394         if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 395                 return fgetc(stream);
 396
 397         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 398         while (1) {
 399                 ch = fgetc(stream);
 400                 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 401                         break;
 402
 403                 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 404                 mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 405         }
 406         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 407         return ch;
 408 }
 409
 410 #undef fopen
 411 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 412 {
 413         int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
 414         FILE *file;
 415         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 416         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 417                 filename = "nul";
 418         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 419                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 420                 return NULL;
 421         if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
 422                 error("could not unhide %s", filename);
 423                 return NULL;
 424         }
 425         file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 426         if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
 427                 warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 428         return file;
 429 }
 430
 431 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 432 {
 433         int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
 434         FILE *file;
 435         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 436         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 437                 filename = "nul";
 438         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 439                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 440                 return NULL;
 441         if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
 442                 error("could not unhide %s", filename);
 443                 return NULL;
 444         }
 445         file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 446         if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
 447                 warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 448         return file;
 449 }
 450
 451 #undef fflush
 452 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 453 {
 454         int ret = fflush(stream);
 455
 456         /*
 457          * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 458          * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 459          * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 460          * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 461          * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 462          * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 463          * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 464          * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 465          * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 466          */
 467         if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 468                 errno = EPIPE;
 469
 470         return ret;
 471 }
 472
 473 #undef write
 474 ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
 475 {
 476         ssize_t result = write(fd, buf, len);
 477
 478         if (result < 0 && errno == EINVAL && buf) {
 479                 /* check if fd is a pipe */
 480                 HANDLE h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fd);
 481                 if (GetFileType(h) == FILE_TYPE_PIPE)
 482                         errno = EPIPE;
 483                 else
 484                         errno = EINVAL;
 485         }
 486
 487         return result;
 488 }
 489
 490 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 491 {
 492         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 493         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 494                 return -1;
 495         /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 496         return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 497 }
 498
 499 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 500 {
 501         wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 502         if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 503                 return -1;
 504         return _wchdir(wdirname);
 505 }
 506
 507 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 508 {
 509         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 510         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 511                 return -1;
 512         return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 513 }
 514
 515 /*
 516  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 517  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 518  */
 519 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 520 {
 521         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 522         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 523         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 524 }
 525
 526 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 527 {
 528         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 529 }
 530
 531 /**
 532  * Verifies that safe_create_leading_directories() would succeed.
 533  */
 534 static int has_valid_directory_prefix(wchar_t *wfilename)
 535 {
 536         int n = wcslen(wfilename);
 537
 538         while (n > 0) {
 539                 wchar_t c = wfilename[--n];
 540                 DWORD attributes;
 541
 542                 if (!is_dir_sep(c))
 543                         continue;
 544
 545                 wfilename[n] = L'\0';
 546                 attributes = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 547                 wfilename[n] = c;
 548                 if (attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY ||
 549                                 attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE)
 550                         return 1;
 551                 if (attributes == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES)
 552                         switch (GetLastError()) {
 553                         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
 554                                 continue;
 555                         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
 556                                 /* This implies parent directory exists. */
 557                                 return 1;
 558                         }
 559                 return 0;
 560         }
 561         return 1;
 562 }
 563
 564 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 565  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 566  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 567  *
 568  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 569  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 570  */
 571 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 572 {
 573         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 574         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 575         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 576                 return -1;
 577
 578         if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 579                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 580                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 581                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 582                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 583                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 584                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 585                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 586                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 587                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 588                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 589                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 590                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 591                         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 592                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 593                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 594                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 595                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 596                                         if (follow) {
 597                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 598                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 599                                         } else {
 600                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 601                                         }
 602                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 603                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 604                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 605                                 }
 606                                 FindClose(handle);
 607                         }
 608                 }
 609                 return 0;
 610         }
 611         switch (GetLastError()) {
 612         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 613         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 614         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 615         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 616                 errno = EACCES;
 617                 break;
 618         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 619                 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 620                 break;
 621         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 622                 errno = ENOMEM;
 623                 break;
 624         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
 625                 if (!has_valid_directory_prefix(wfilename)) {
 626                         errno = ENOTDIR;
 627                         break;
 628                 }
 629                 /* fallthru */
 630         default:
 631                 errno = ENOENT;
 632                 break;
 633         }
 634         return -1;
 635 }
 636
 637 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 638  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 639  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 640  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 641  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 642  */
 643 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 644 {
 645         int namelen;
 646         char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 647
 648         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 649                 return 0;
 650
 651         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 652          * try again without trailing slashes
 653          */
 654         if (errno != ENOENT)
 655                 return -1;
 656
 657         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 658         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 659                 return -1;
 660         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 661                 --namelen;
 662         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 663                 return -1;
 664
 665         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 666         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 667         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 668 }
 669
 670 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 671 {
 672         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 673 }
 674 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 675 {
 676         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 677 }
 678
 679 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 680 {
 681         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 682         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 683
 684         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 685                 errno = EBADF;
 686                 return -1;
 687         }
 688         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 689         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 690                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 691
 692         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 693                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 694                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 695                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 696                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 697                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 698                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 699                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 700                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 701                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 702                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 703                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 704                 return 0;
 705         }
 706         errno = EBADF;
 707         return -1;
 708 }
 709
 710 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 711 {
 712         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 713         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 714         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 715 }
 716
 717 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 718 {
 719         FILETIME mft, aft;
 720         int fh, rc;
 721         DWORD attrs;
 722         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 723         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 724                 return -1;
 725
 726         /* must have write permission */
 727         attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 728         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 729             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 730                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 731                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 732         }
 733
 734         if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 735                 rc = -1;
 736                 goto revert_attrs;
 737         }
 738
 739         if (times) {
 740                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 741                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 742         } else {
 743                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 744                 aft = mft;
 745         }
 746         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 747                 errno = EINVAL;
 748                 rc = -1;
 749         } else
 750                 rc = 0;
 751         close(fh);
 752
 753 revert_attrs:
 754         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 755             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 756                 /* ignore errors again */
 757                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 758         }
 759         return rc;
 760 }
 761
 762 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 763 {
 764         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 765         return 0;
 766 }
 767
 768 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 769 {
 770         wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 771         if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 772                 return NULL;
 773         if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 774                 return NULL;
 775         if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 776                 return NULL;
 777         return template;
 778 }
 779
 780 int mkstemp(char *template)
 781 {
 782         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 783         if (filename == NULL)
 784                 return -1;
 785         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 786 }
 787
 788 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 789 {
 790         FILETIME ft;
 791         long long hnsec;
 792
 793         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 794         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 795         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 796         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 797         return 0;
 798 }
 799
 800 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 801 {
 802         HANDLE h[2];
 803
 804         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 805         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 806                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 807                 return -1;
 808         }
 809         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[0]), O_NOINHERIT);
 810         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 811                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 812                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 813                 return -1;
 814         }
 815         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[1]), O_NOINHERIT);
 816         if (filedes[1] < 0) {
 817                 close(filedes[0]);
 818                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 819                 return -1;
 820         }
 821         return 0;
 822 }
 823
 824 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 825 {
 826         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 827         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 828         return result;
 829 }
 830
 831 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 832 {
 833         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 834         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 835         return result;
 836 }
 837
 838 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 839 {
 840         wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 841         if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 842                 return NULL;
 843         if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 844                 return NULL;
 845         convert_slashes(pointer);
 846         return pointer;
 847 }
 848
 849 /*
 850  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 851  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 852  */
 853 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 854 {
 855         /* count chars to quote */
 856         int len = 0, n = 0;
 857         int force_quotes = 0;
 858         char *q, *d;
 859         const char *p = arg;
 860         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 861         while (*p) {
 862                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 863                         force_quotes = 1;
 864                 else if (*p == '"')
 865                         n++;
 866                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 867                         int count = 0;
 868                         while (*p == '\\') {
 869                                 count++;
 870                                 p++;
 871                                 len++;
 872                         }
 873                         if (*p == '"')
 874                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 875                         continue;
 876                 }
 877                 len++;
 878                 p++;
 879         }
 880         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 881                 return arg;
 882
 883         /* insert \ where necessary */
 884         d = q = xmalloc(st_add3(len, n, 3));
 885         *d++ = '"';
 886         while (*arg) {
 887                 if (*arg == '"')
 888                         *d++ = '\\';
 889                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 890                         int count = 0;
 891                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 892                                 count++;
 893                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 894                         }
 895                         if (*arg == '"') {
 896                                 while (count-- > 0)
 897                                         *d++ = '\\';
 898                                 *d++ = '\\';
 899                         }
 900                 }
 901                 *d++ = *arg++;
 902         }
 903         *d++ = '"';
 904         *d++ = 0;
 905         return q;
 906 }
 907
 908 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 909 {
 910         static char buf[100];
 911         char *p, *opt;
 912         int n, fd;
 913
 914         /* don't even try a .exe */
 915         n = strlen(cmd);
 916         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 917                 return NULL;
 918
 919         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 920         if (fd < 0)
 921                 return NULL;
 922         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 923         close(fd);
 924         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 925                 return NULL;
 926
 927         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 928                 return NULL;
 929         buf[n] = '\0';
 930         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 931         if (!*p)
 932                 return NULL;
 933
 934         *p = '\0';
 935         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 936                 return NULL;
 937         /* strip options */
 938         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 939                 *opt = '\0';
 940         return p+1;
 941 }
 942
 943 /*
 944  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 945  */
 946 static char **get_path_split(void)
 947 {
 948         char *p, **path, *envpath = mingw_getenv("PATH");
 949         int i, n = 0;
 950
 951         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 952                 return NULL;
 953
 954         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 955         p = envpath;
 956         while (p) {
 957                 char *dir = p;
 958                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 959                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 960                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 961                         ++n;
 962                 }
 963         }
 964         if (!n)
 965                 return NULL;
 966
 967         ALLOC_ARRAY(path, n + 1);
 968         p = envpath;
 969         i = 0;
 970         do {
 971                 if (*p)
 972                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 973                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 974         } while (i < n);
 975         path[i] = NULL;
 976
 977         free(envpath);
 978
 979         return path;
 980 }
 981
 982 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 983 {
 984         char **p = path;
 985
 986         if (!path)
 987                 return;
 988
 989         while (*p)
 990                 free(*p++);
 991         free(path);
 992 }
 993
 994 /*
 995  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 996  * (which do not have an extension)
 997  */
 998 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 999 {
1000         char path[MAX_PATH];
1001         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
1002
1003         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1004                 return xstrdup(path);
1005         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
1006         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1007                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
1008                         return xstrdup(path);
1009         return NULL;
1010 }
1011
1012 /*
1013  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
1014  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
1015  */
1016 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
1017 {
1018         char *prog = NULL;
1019         int len = strlen(cmd);
1020         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
1021
1022         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
1023                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
1024
1025         while (!prog && *path)
1026                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
1027
1028         return prog;
1029 }
1030
1031 static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old);
1032
1033 /* used number of elements of environ array, including terminating NULL */
1034 static int environ_size = 0;
1035 /* allocated size of environ array, in bytes */
1036 static int environ_alloc = 0;
1037
1038 /*
1039  * Create environment block suitable for CreateProcess. Merges current
1040  * process environment and the supplied environment changes.
1041  */
1042 static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **deltaenv)
1043 {
1044         wchar_t *wenvblk = NULL;
1045         char **tmpenv;
1046         int i = 0, size = environ_size, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
1047
1048         while (deltaenv && deltaenv[i])
1049                 i++;
1050
1051         /* copy the environment, leaving space for changes */
1052         ALLOC_ARRAY(tmpenv, size + i);
1053         memcpy(tmpenv, environ, size * sizeof(char*));
1054
1055         /* merge supplied environment changes into the temporary environment */
1056         for (i = 0; deltaenv && deltaenv[i]; i++)
1057                 size = do_putenv(tmpenv, deltaenv[i], size, 0);
1058
1059         /* create environment block from temporary environment */
1060         for (i = 0; tmpenv[i]; i++) {
1061                 size = 2 * strlen(tmpenv[i]) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
1062                 ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
1063                 wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], tmpenv[i], size) + 1;
1064         }
1065         /* add final \0 terminator */
1066         wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
1067         free(tmpenv);
1068         return wenvblk;
1069 }
1070
1071 struct pinfo_t {
1072         struct pinfo_t *next;
1073         pid_t pid;
1074         HANDLE proc;
1075 };
1076 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
1077 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
1078
1079 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1080                               const char *dir,
1081                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1082 {
1083         STARTUPINFOW si;
1084         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
1085         struct strbuf args;
1086         wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
1087         unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
1088         BOOL ret;
1089
1090         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
1091         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
1092                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
1093                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
1094         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1095                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
1096                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
1097                  * would normally create a console window. But
1098                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
1099                  * not need the console.
1100                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
1101                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
1102                  * recognize that it has no console.
1103                  */
1104                 flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
1105         } else {
1106                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
1107                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
1108                  * disassociate the child from the console.
1109                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
1110                  * Go figure!
1111                  */
1112                 CloseHandle(cons);
1113         }
1114         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
1115         si.cb = sizeof(si);
1116         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
1117         si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
1118         si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
1119         si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
1120
1121         if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
1122                 return -1;
1123         if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
1124                 return -1;
1125
1126         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
1127         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
1128         if (prepend_cmd) {
1129                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
1130                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1131                 if (quoted != cmd)
1132                         free(quoted);
1133         }
1134         for (; *argv; argv++) {
1135                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1136                 if (*args.buf)
1137                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1138                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1139                 if (quoted != *argv)
1140                         free(quoted);
1141         }
1142
1143         ALLOC_ARRAY(wargs, st_add(st_mult(2, args.len), 1));
1144         xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1145         strbuf_release(&args);
1146
1147         wenvblk = make_environment_block(deltaenv);
1148
1149         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1150         ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1151                 wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1152
1153         free(wenvblk);
1154         free(wargs);
1155
1156         if (!ret) {
1157                 errno = ENOENT;
1158                 return -1;
1159         }
1160         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1161
1162         /*
1163          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1164          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1165          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1166          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1167          * handle after the process terminated.
1168          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1169          */
1170         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1171         {
1172                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1173                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1174                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1175                 info->next = pinfo;
1176                 pinfo = info;
1177         }
1178         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1179
1180         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1181 }
1182
1183 static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1184 {
1185         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, NULL, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1186 }
1187
1188 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1189                      const char *dir,
1190                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1191 {
1192         pid_t pid;
1193         char **path = get_path_split();
1194         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1195
1196         if (!prog) {
1197                 errno = ENOENT;
1198                 pid = -1;
1199         }
1200         else {
1201                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1202
1203                 if (interpr) {
1204                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1205                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1206                         argv[0] = prog;
1207                         if (!iprog) {
1208                                 errno = ENOENT;
1209                                 pid = -1;
1210                         }
1211                         else {
1212                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 1,
1213                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1214                                 free(iprog);
1215                         }
1216                         argv[0] = argv0;
1217                 }
1218                 else
1219                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 0,
1220                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1221                 free(prog);
1222         }
1223         free_path_split(path);
1224         return pid;
1225 }
1226
1227 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1228 {
1229         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1230         char **path;
1231         char *prog;
1232         int pid = 0;
1233
1234         if (!interpr)
1235                 return 0;
1236         path = get_path_split();
1237         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1238         if (prog) {
1239                 int argc = 0;
1240                 const char **argv2;
1241                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1242                 ALLOC_ARRAY(argv2, argc + 1);
1243                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1244                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1245                 pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1246                 if (pid >= 0) {
1247                         int status;
1248                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1249                                 status = 255;
1250                         exit(status);
1251                 }
1252                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1253                 free(prog);
1254                 free(argv2);
1255         }
1256         free_path_split(path);
1257         return pid;
1258 }
1259
1260 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1261 {
1262         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1263         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1264                 int pid, status;
1265
1266                 pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1267                 if (pid < 0)
1268                         return -1;
1269                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1270                         status = 255;
1271                 exit(status);
1272         }
1273         return -1;
1274 }
1275
1276 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1277 {
1278         char **path = get_path_split();
1279         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1280
1281         if (prog) {
1282                 mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1283                 free(prog);
1284         } else
1285                 errno = ENOENT;
1286
1287         free_path_split(path);
1288         return -1;
1289 }
1290
1291 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1292 {
1293         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1294                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1295
1296                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1297                         CloseHandle(h);
1298                         return 0;
1299                 }
1300
1301                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1302                 CloseHandle(h);
1303                 return -1;
1304         } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1305                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1306                 if (h) {
1307                         CloseHandle(h);
1308                         return 0;
1309                 }
1310         }
1311
1312         errno = EINVAL;
1313         return -1;
1314 }
1315
1316 /*
1317  * Compare environment entries by key (i.e. stopping at '=' or '\0').
1318  */
1319 static int compareenv(const void *v1, const void *v2)
1320 {
1321         const char *e1 = *(const char**)v1;
1322         const char *e2 = *(const char**)v2;
1323
1324         for (;;) {
1325                 int c1 = *e1++;
1326                 int c2 = *e2++;
1327                 c1 = (c1 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c1);
1328                 c2 = (c2 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c2);
1329                 if (c1 > c2)
1330                         return 1;
1331                 if (c1 < c2)
1332                         return -1;
1333                 if (c1 == 0)
1334                         return 0;
1335         }
1336 }
1337
1338 static int bsearchenv(char **env, const char *name, size_t size)
1339 {
1340         unsigned low = 0, high = size;
1341         while (low < high) {
1342                 unsigned mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);
1343                 int cmp = compareenv(&env[mid], &name);
1344                 if (cmp < 0)
1345                         low = mid + 1;
1346                 else if (cmp > 0)
1347                         high = mid;
1348                 else
1349                         return mid;
1350         }
1351         return ~low; /* not found, return 1's complement of insert position */
1352 }
1353
1354 /*
1355  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1356  * Size includes the terminating NULL. Env must have room for size + 1 entries
1357  * (in case of insert). Returns the new size. Optionally frees removed entries.
1358  */
1359 static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old)
1360 {
1361         int i = bsearchenv(env, name, size - 1);
1362
1363         /* optionally free removed / replaced entry */
1364         if (i >= 0 && free_old)
1365                 free(env[i]);
1366
1367         if (strchr(name, '=')) {
1368                 /* if new value ('key=value') is specified, insert or replace entry */
1369                 if (i < 0) {
1370                         i = ~i;
1371                         memmove(&env[i + 1], &env[i], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1372                         size++;
1373                 }
1374                 env[i] = (char*) name;
1375         } else if (i >= 0) {
1376                 /* otherwise ('key') remove existing entry */
1377                 size--;
1378                 memmove(&env[i], &env[i + 1], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1379         }
1380         return size;
1381 }
1382
1383 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1384 {
1385         char *value;
1386         int pos = bsearchenv(environ, name, environ_size - 1);
1387         if (pos < 0)
1388                 return NULL;
1389         value = strchr(environ[pos], '=');
1390         return value ? &value[1] : NULL;
1391 }
1392
1393 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
1394 {
1395         ALLOC_GROW(environ, (environ_size + 1) * sizeof(char*), environ_alloc);
1396         environ_size = do_putenv(environ, namevalue, environ_size, 1);
1397         return 0;
1398 }
1399
1400 /*
1401  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1402  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1403  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1404  * if one was found.
1405  */
1406 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1407                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1408                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1409 {
1410         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1411         struct addrinfo *ai;
1412         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1413
1414         if (node) {
1415                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1416                 if (!h)
1417                         return WSAGetLastError();
1418         }
1419
1420         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1421         *res = ai;
1422         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1423         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1424         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1425         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1426         case SOCK_STREAM:
1427                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1428                 break;
1429         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1430                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1431                 break;
1432         default:
1433                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1434                 break;
1435         }
1436         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1437         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1438                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1439         else
1440                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1441
1442         sin = xcalloc(1, ai->ai_addrlen);
1443         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1444         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1445          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1446          * currently not implemented */
1447         if (service)
1448                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1449         if (h)
1450                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1451         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1452                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1453         else
1454                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1455         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1456         ai->ai_next = NULL;
1457         return 0;
1458 }
1459
1460 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1461 {
1462         free(res->ai_canonname);
1463         free(res->ai_addr);
1464         free(res);
1465 }
1466
1467 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1468                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1469                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1470 {
1471         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1472         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1473                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1474         if (!host && !serv)
1475                 return EAI_NONAME;
1476
1477         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1478                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1479                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1480                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1481                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1482
1483                 if (ent)
1484                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1485                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1486                         return EAI_NONAME;
1487                 else
1488                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1489         }
1490
1491         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1492                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1493                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1494                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1495                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1496
1497                 if (ent)
1498                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1499                 else
1500                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1501         }
1502
1503         return 0;
1504 }
1505
1506 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1507 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1508 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1509                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1510                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1511 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1512                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1513                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1514 /*
1515  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1516  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1517  */
1518
1519 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1520 {
1521         WSACleanup();
1522         if (ipv6_dll)
1523                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1524         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1525         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1526         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1527         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1528 }
1529
1530 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1531 {
1532         WSADATA wsa;
1533         static int initialized = 0;
1534         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1535         const char **name;
1536
1537         if (initialized)
1538                 return;
1539
1540         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1541                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1542                         WSAGetLastError());
1543
1544         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1545                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1546                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1547                         continue;
1548
1549                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1550                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1551                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1552                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1553                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1554                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1555                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1556                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1557                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1558                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1559                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1560                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1561                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1562                 } else
1563                         break;
1564         }
1565         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1566                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1567                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1568                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1569         }
1570
1571         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1572         initialized = 1;
1573 }
1574
1575 #undef gethostname
1576 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1577 {
1578     ensure_socket_initialization();
1579     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1580 }
1581
1582 #undef gethostbyname
1583 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1584 {
1585         ensure_socket_initialization();
1586         return gethostbyname(host);
1587 }
1588
1589 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1590 {
1591         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1592 }
1593
1594 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1595                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1596 {
1597         ensure_socket_initialization();
1598         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1599 }
1600
1601 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1602                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1603                       int flags)
1604 {
1605         ensure_socket_initialization();
1606         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1607 }
1608
1609 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1610 {
1611         int sockfd;
1612         SOCKET s;
1613
1614         ensure_socket_initialization();
1615         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1616         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1617                 /*
1618                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1619                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1620                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1621                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1622                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1623                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1624                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1625                  */
1626                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1627                 return -1;
1628         }
1629         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1630         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1631                 closesocket(s);
1632                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1633                         strerror(errno));
1634         }
1635         return sockfd;
1636 }
1637
1638 #undef connect
1639 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1640 {
1641         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1642         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1643 }
1644
1645 #undef bind
1646 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1647 {
1648         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1649         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1650 }
1651
1652 #undef setsockopt
1653 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1654 {
1655         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1656         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1657 }
1658
1659 #undef shutdown
1660 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1661 {
1662         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1663         return shutdown(s, how);
1664 }
1665
1666 #undef listen
1667 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1668 {
1669         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1670         return listen(s, backlog);
1671 }
1672
1673 #undef accept
1674 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1675 {
1676         int sockfd2;
1677
1678         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1679         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1680
1681         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1682         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1683                 int err = errno;
1684                 closesocket(s2);
1685                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1686                         strerror(err));
1687         }
1688         return sockfd2;
1689 }
1690
1691 #undef rename
1692 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1693 {
1694         DWORD attrs, gle;
1695         int tries = 0;
1696         wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1697         if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1698                 return -1;
1699
1700         /*
1701          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1702          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1703          */
1704         if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1705                 return 0;
1706         if (errno != EEXIST)
1707                 return -1;
1708 repeat:
1709         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1710                 return 0;
1711         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1712         gle = GetLastError();
1713         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1714             (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1715                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1716                         DWORD attrsold = GetFileAttributesW(wpold);
1717                         if (attrsold == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES ||
1718                             !(attrsold & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
1719                                 errno = EISDIR;
1720                         else if (!_wrmdir(wpnew))
1721                                 goto repeat;
1722                         return -1;
1723                 }
1724                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1725                     SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1726                         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1727                                 return 0;
1728                         gle = GetLastError();
1729                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1730                         SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1731                 }
1732         }
1733         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1734                 /*
1735                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1736                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1737                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1738                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1739                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1740                  */
1741                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1742                 tries++;
1743                 goto repeat;
1744         }
1745         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1746                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1747                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1748                 goto repeat;
1749
1750         errno = EACCES;
1751         return -1;
1752 }
1753
1754 /*
1755  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1756  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1757  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1758  */
1759 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1760 {
1761         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1762         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1763         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1764 }
1765
1766 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1767 {
1768         static char user_name[100];
1769         static struct passwd p;
1770
1771         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1772         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1773                 return NULL;
1774         p.pw_name = user_name;
1775         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1776         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1777         return &p;
1778 }
1779
1780 static HANDLE timer_event;
1781 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1782 static int timer_interval;
1783 static int one_shot;
1784 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1785
1786 /* The timer works like this:
1787  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1788  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1789  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1790  * state.
1791  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1792  * length to call the signal handler.
1793  */
1794
1795 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1796 {
1797         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1798                 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1799                 if (one_shot)
1800                         break;
1801         }
1802         return 0;
1803 }
1804
1805 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1806 {
1807         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1808         if (timer_event) {
1809                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1810                 if (!timer_thread )
1811                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1812                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1813         } else
1814                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1815                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1816         return 0;
1817 }
1818
1819 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1820 {
1821         if (timer_event)
1822                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1823         if (timer_thread) {
1824                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1825                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1826                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1827                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1828                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1829                               GetLastError());
1830                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1831         }
1832         if (timer_event)
1833                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1834         timer_event = NULL;
1835         timer_thread = NULL;
1836 }
1837
1838 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1839 {
1840         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1841 }
1842
1843 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1844 {
1845         static const struct timeval zero;
1846         static int atexit_done;
1847
1848         if (out != NULL)
1849                 return errno = EINVAL,
1850                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1851         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1852             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1853                 return errno = EINVAL,
1854                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1855
1856         if (timer_thread)
1857                 stop_timer_thread();
1858
1859         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1860             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1861                 return 0;
1862
1863         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1864         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1865         if (!atexit_done) {
1866                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1867                 atexit_done = 1;
1868         }
1869         return start_timer_thread();
1870 }
1871
1872 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1873 {
1874         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1875                 return errno = EINVAL,
1876                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1877         if (out != NULL)
1878                 return errno = EINVAL,
1879                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1880
1881         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1882         return 0;
1883 }
1884
1885 #undef signal
1886 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1887 {
1888         sig_handler_t old;
1889
1890         switch (sig) {
1891         case SIGALRM:
1892                 old = timer_fn;
1893                 timer_fn = handler;
1894                 break;
1895
1896         case SIGINT:
1897                 old = sigint_fn;
1898                 sigint_fn = handler;
1899                 break;
1900
1901         default:
1902                 return signal(sig, handler);
1903         }
1904
1905         return old;
1906 }
1907
1908 #undef raise
1909 int mingw_raise(int sig)
1910 {
1911         switch (sig) {
1912         case SIGALRM:
1913                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1914                         if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1915                                 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1916                         exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1917                 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1918                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1919                 return 0;
1920
1921         case SIGINT:
1922                 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1923                         exit(128 + SIGINT);
1924                 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1925                         sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1926                 return 0;
1927
1928         default:
1929                 return raise(sig);
1930         }
1931 }
1932
1933 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1934 {
1935         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1936         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1937         wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1938         if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1939                 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1940                 return -1;
1941
1942         if (!create_hard_link) {
1943                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1944                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1945                 if (!create_hard_link)
1946                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1947         }
1948         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1949                 errno = ENOSYS;
1950                 return -1;
1951         }
1952         if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1953                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1954                 return -1;
1955         }
1956         return 0;
1957 }
1958
1959 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1960 {
1961         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1962             FALSE, pid);
1963         if (!h) {
1964                 errno = ECHILD;
1965                 return -1;
1966         }
1967
1968         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1969                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1970                         CloseHandle(h);
1971                         return 0;
1972                 }
1973                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1974         }
1975
1976         if (options == 0) {
1977                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1978                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1979                         CloseHandle(h);
1980                         return 0;
1981                 }
1982
1983                 if (status)
1984                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1985
1986                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1987
1988                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1989                 while (*ppinfo) {
1990                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1991                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1992                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1993                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1994                                 free(info);
1995                                 break;
1996                         }
1997                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1998                 }
1999
2000                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2001
2002                 CloseHandle(h);
2003                 return pid;
2004         }
2005         CloseHandle(h);
2006
2007         errno = EINVAL;
2008         return -1;
2009 }
2010
2011 int mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix(char **path)
2012 {
2013         int ret = has_dos_drive_prefix(*path);
2014         *path += ret;
2015         return ret;
2016 }
2017
2018 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
2019 {
2020         char *pos = (char *)path;
2021
2022         /* unc paths */
2023         if (!skip_dos_drive_prefix(&pos) &&
2024                         is_dir_sep(pos[0]) && is_dir_sep(pos[1])) {
2025                 /* skip server name */
2026                 pos = strpbrk(pos + 2, "\\/");
2027                 if (!pos)
2028                         return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
2029
2030                 do {
2031                         pos++;
2032                 } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
2033         }
2034
2035         return pos + is_dir_sep(*pos) - path;
2036 }
2037
2038 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
2039 {
2040         int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
2041         const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
2042         if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
2043                 errno = EINVAL;
2044                 return -1;
2045         }
2046         /* reserve space for \0 */
2047         wcslen--;
2048         if (utflen < 0)
2049                 utflen = INT_MAX;
2050
2051         while (upos < utflen) {
2052                 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
2053                 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
2054                         break;
2055
2056                 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
2057                         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2058                         errno = ERANGE;
2059                         return -1;
2060                 }
2061
2062                 if (c < 0x80) {
2063                         /* ASCII */
2064                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2065                 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
2066                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2067                         /* 2-byte utf-8 */
2068                         c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
2069                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2070                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2071                 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
2072                                 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
2073                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2074                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2075                         /* 3-byte utf-8 */
2076                         c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
2077                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2078                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2079                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2080                 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
2081                                 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
2082                                 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
2083                                 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
2084                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2085                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2086                                 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2087                         /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2088                         c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2089                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2090                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2091                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2092                         c -= 0x10000;
2093                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2094                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2095                 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2096                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2097                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2098                 } else {
2099                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2100                         static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2101                         wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2102                         if (wpos < wcslen)
2103                                 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2104                 }
2105         }
2106         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2107         return wpos;
2108 }
2109
2110 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2111 {
2112         if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2113                 errno = EINVAL;
2114                 return -1;
2115         }
2116         utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2117         if (utflen)
2118                 return utflen - 1;
2119         errno = ERANGE;
2120         return -1;
2121 }
2122
2123 static void setup_windows_environment(void)
2124 {
2125         char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
2126
2127         /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
2128         if (!tmp) {
2129                 if (!(tmp = getenv("TMP")))
2130                         tmp = getenv("TEMP");
2131                 if (tmp) {
2132                         setenv("TMPDIR", tmp, 1);
2133                         tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
2134                 }
2135         }
2136
2137         if (tmp) {
2138                 /*
2139                  * Convert all dir separators to forward slashes,
2140                  * to help shell commands called from the Git
2141                  * executable (by not mistaking the dir separators
2142                  * for escape characters).
2143                  */
2144                 convert_slashes(tmp);
2145         }
2146
2147         /* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
2148         if (!getenv("TERM"))
2149                 setenv("TERM", "cygwin", 1);
2150 }
2151
2152 /*
2153  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2154  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2155  */
2156 int _CRT_glob = 0;
2157
2158 typedef struct {
2159         int newmode;
2160 } _startupinfo;
2161
2162 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2163                 _startupinfo *si);
2164
2165 static NORETURN void die_startup(void)
2166 {
2167         fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2168         exit(128);
2169 }
2170
2171 static void *malloc_startup(size_t size)
2172 {
2173         void *result = malloc(size);
2174         if (!result)
2175                 die_startup();
2176         return result;
2177 }
2178
2179 static char *wcstoutfdup_startup(char *buffer, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t len)
2180 {
2181         len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wcs, len) + 1;
2182         return memcpy(malloc_startup(len), buffer, len);
2183 }
2184
2185 void mingw_startup(void)
2186 {
2187         int i, maxlen, argc;
2188         char *buffer;
2189         wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2190         _startupinfo si;
2191
2192         /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2193         si.newmode = 0;
2194         if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2195                 die_startup();
2196
2197         /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2198         maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2199         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2200                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2201         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2202                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2203
2204         /*
2205          * nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment
2206          * list. Note that xmalloc / xmemdupz etc. call getenv, so we cannot
2207          * use it while initializing the environment itself.
2208          */
2209         environ_size = i + 1;
2210         environ_alloc = alloc_nr(environ_size * sizeof(char*));
2211         environ = malloc_startup(environ_alloc);
2212
2213         /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2214         maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2215         buffer = malloc_startup(maxlen);
2216
2217         /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2218         __argv[0] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2219         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2220                 __argv[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2221         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2222                 environ[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2223         environ[i] = NULL;
2224         free(buffer);
2225
2226         /* sort environment for O(log n) getenv / putenv */
2227         qsort(environ, i, sizeof(char*), compareenv);
2228
2229         /* fix Windows specific environment settings */
2230         setup_windows_environment();
2231
2232         /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2233         InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2234
2235         /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2236         _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2237         _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2238         _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2239         _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2240
2241         /* initialize Unicode console */
2242         winansi_init();
2243 }
2244
2245 int uname(struct utsname *buf)
2246 {
2247         unsigned v = (unsigned)GetVersion();
2248         memset(buf, 0, sizeof(*buf));
2249         xsnprintf(buf->sysname, sizeof(buf->sysname), "Windows");
2250         xsnprintf(buf->release, sizeof(buf->release),
2251                  "%u.%u", v & 0xff, (v >> 8) & 0xff);
2252         /* assuming NT variants only.. */
2253         xsnprintf(buf->version, sizeof(buf->version),
2254                   "%u", (v >> 16) & 0x7fff);
2255         return 0;
2256 }