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   4 [Chapter 2] 2.5 Starting the Samba Daemons</title><META NAME="DC.title" CONTENT=""><META NAME="DC.creator" CONTENT=""><META NAME="DC.publisher" CONTENT="O'Reilly &amp; Associates, Inc."><META NAME="DC.date" CONTENT="1999-11-05T21:29:11Z"><META NAME="DC.type" CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><META NAME="DC.format" CONTENT="text/html" SCHEME="MIME"><META NAME="DC.source" CONTENT="" SCHEME="ISBN"><META NAME="DC.language" CONTENT="en-US"><META NAME="generator" CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"></head>
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  14 <H2>Using Samba</H2>
  15 <font size="-1">
  16 Robert Eckstein, David Collier-Brown, Peter Kelly
  17 <br>1st Edition November 1999
  18 <br>1-56592-449-5, Order Number: 4495
  19 <br>416 pages, $34.95
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  40 Installing Samba on a Unix System</a></font></b></td><TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH="172">
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  44 <blockquote>
  45 <div>
  46 <H2 CLASS="sect1">
  47 <A CLASS="title" NAME="ch02-29069">
  48 2.5 Starting the Samba Daemons</a></h2><P CLASS="para">
  49 There are two Samba processes, <EM CLASS="emphasis">
  50 smbd</em> and <EM CLASS="emphasis">
  51 nmbd</em>, that need to be running for Samba to work correctly. There are three ways to start:</p><UL CLASS="itemizedlist">
  52 <LI CLASS="listitem">
  53 <P CLASS="para">
  54 <A CLASS="listitem" NAME="ch02-pgfId-943268">
  55 </a>By hand</p></li><LI CLASS="listitem">
  56 <P CLASS="para">
  57 <A CLASS="listitem" NAME="ch02-pgfId-943266">
  58 </a>As stand-alone daemons</p></li><LI CLASS="listitem">
  59 <P CLASS="para">
  60 <A CLASS="listitem" NAME="ch02-pgfId-947794">
  61 </a>From <EM CLASS="emphasis">
  62 inetd</em></p></li></ul><DIV CLASS="sect2">
  63 <H3 CLASS="sect2">
  64 <A CLASS="title" NAME="ch02-pgfId-938883">
  65 2.5.1 Starting the Daemons by Hand</a></h3><P CLASS="para">
  66 If you're in a hurry, you can start the Samba daemons by hand. As root, simply enter the following commands:</p><PRE CLASS="programlisting">
  67 #<CODE CLASS="userinput"> <B>/usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D</b></code>
  68 #<CODE CLASS="userinput"> <B>/usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D</b></code></pre><P CLASS="para">
  69 At this point, Samba will be running on your system and will be ready to accept connections.</p></div><DIV CLASS="sect2">
  70 <H3 CLASS="sect2">
  71 <A CLASS="title" NAME="ch02-pgfId-943275">
  72 2.5.2 Stand-alone Daemons</a></h3><P CLASS="para">
  73 To run the Samba processes as stand-alone daemons, you need to add the commands listed in the previous section to your standard Unix startup scripts. This varies depending on whether you have a BSD-style Unix system or a System V Unix.</p><DIV CLASS="sect3">
  74 <H4 CLASS="sect3">
  75 <A CLASS="title" NAME="ch02-pgfId-947593">
  76 2.5.2.1 BSD Unix</a></h4><P CLASS="para">
  77 WIth a BSD-style Unix, you need to append the following code to the <I CLASS="filename">
  78 rc.local </i>file, which is typically found in the <I CLASS="filename">
  79 /etc</i> or <I CLASS="filename">
  80 /etc/rc.d</i> directories:</p><PRE CLASS="programlisting">
  81 if [ -x /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd]; then
  82         echo &quot;Starting smbd...&quot;
  83         /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D
  84         echo &quot;Starting nmbd...&quot;
  85         /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D
  86 fi</pre><P CLASS="para">
  87 This code is very simple; it checks to see if the <I CLASS="filename">
  88 smbd</i> file has execute permissions on it, and if it does, it starts up each of the Samba daemons on system boot.</p></div><DIV CLASS="sect3">
  89 <H4 CLASS="sect3">
  90 <A CLASS="title" NAME="ch02-pgfId-943333">
  91 2.5.2.2 System V Unix</a></h4><P CLASS="para">
  92 With System V, things can get a little more complex. System V typically uses scripts to start and stop daemons on the system. Hence, you need to instruct Samba how to operate when it starts and when it stops. You can modify the contents of the <I CLASS="filename">
  93 /etc/rc.local</i> directory and add something similar to the following program entitled <I CLASS="filename">
  94 smb</i>:</p><PRE CLASS="programlisting">
  95 #!/bin/sh
  96
  97 # Contains the &quot;killproc&quot; function on Red Hat Linux
  98 ./etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
  99
 100 PATH=&quot;/usr/local/samba/bin:$PATH&quot;
 101
 102 case $1 in
 103         'start')
 104                 echo &quot;Starting smbd...&quot;
 105                 smbd -D
 106                 echo &quot;Starting nmbd...&quot;
 107                 nmbd -D
 108                 ;;
 109         'stop')
 110                 echo &quot;Stopping smbd and nmbd...&quot;
 111                 killproc smbd
 112                 killproc nmbd
 113                 rm -f /usr/local/samba/var/locks/smbd.pid
 114                 rm -f /usr/local/samba/var/locks/nmbd.pid
 115                 ;;
 116         *)
 117                 echo &quot;usage: smb {start|stop}&quot;
 118                 ;;
 119 esac</pre><P CLASS="para">
 120 With this script, you can start and stop the SMB service with the following commands:</p><PRE CLASS="programlisting">
 121 # /etc/rc.local/smb start
 122 Starting smbd...
 123 Starting nmbd...
 124 # /etc/rc.local/smb stop
 125 Stopping smbd and nmbd...</pre></div></div><DIV CLASS="sect2">
 126 <H3 CLASS="sect2">
 127 <A CLASS="title" NAME="ch02-pgfId-943302">
 128 2.5.3 Starting From Inetd</a></h3><P CLASS="para">
 129 The <EM CLASS="emphasis">
 130 inetd</em> daemon is a Unix system's Internet "super daemon." It listens on TCP ports defined in <I CLASS="filename">
 131 /etc/services</i> and executes the appropriate program for each port, which is defined in <I CLASS="filename">
 132 /etc/inetd.conf</i>. The advantage of this scheme is that you can have a large number of daemons ready to answer queries, but they don't all have to be running. Instead, the <EM CLASS="emphasis">
 133 inetd</em> daemon listens in places of all the others. The penalty is a small overhead cost of creating a new daemon process, and the fact that you need to edit two files rather than one to set things up. This is handy if you have only one or two users or your machine has too many daemons already. It's also easier to perform an upgrade without disturbing an existing connection.</p><P CLASS="para">
 134 If you wish to start from <I CLASS="filename">
 135 inetd</i>, first open <I CLASS="filename">
 136 /etc/services</i> in your text editor. If you don't already have them defined, add the following two lines:</p><PRE CLASS="programlisting">
 137 netbios-ssn     139/tcp
 138 netbios-ns      137/udp</pre><P CLASS="para">
 139 Next, edit <I CLASS="filename">
 140 /etc/inetd.conf</i>. Look for the following two lines and add them if they don't exist. If you already have <CODE CLASS="literal">
 141 smbd</code> and <CODE CLASS="literal">
 142 nmbd</code> lines in the file, edit them to point at the new <EM CLASS="emphasis">
 143 smbd</em> and <EM CLASS="emphasis">
 144 nmbd</em> you've installed. Your brand of Unix may use a slightly different syntax in this file; use the existing entries and the <I CLASS="filename">
 145 inetd.conf </i><KBD CLASS="command"></kbd>manual page <KBD CLASS="command"></kbd>as a guide:</p><PRE CLASS="programlisting">
 146 netbios-ssn stream tcp nowait root /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd smbd
 147 netbios-ns  dgram  udp wait   root /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd nmbd</pre><P CLASS="para">
 148 Finally, kill any <EM CLASS="emphasis">
 149 smbd</em> or <EM CLASS="emphasis">
 150 nmbd</em> processes and send the <EM CLASS="emphasis">
 151 inetd</em> process a hangup (HUP) signal. (The <EM CLASS="emphasis">
 152 inetd</em> daemon rereads its configuration file on a HUP signal.) To do this, use the <CODE CLASS="literal">
 153 ps</code> command to find its process ID, then signal it with the following command:</p><PRE CLASS="programlisting">
 154 # <CODE CLASS="userinput"><B>kill -HUP process_id</b></code></pre><P CLASS="para">
 155 After that, Samba should be up and running. </p></div></div></blockquote>
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