docs-xml/manpages-3/ntlm_auth.1.xml

   1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
   2 <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc">
   3 <refentry id="ntlm-auth.1">
   4
   5 <refmeta>
   6         <refentrytitle>ntlm_auth</refentrytitle>
   7         <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
   8         <refmiscinfo class="source">Samba</refmiscinfo>
   9         <refmiscinfo class="manual">User Commands</refmiscinfo>
  10         <refmiscinfo class="version">3.6</refmiscinfo>
  11 </refmeta>
  12
  13
  14 <refnamediv>
  15         <refname>ntlm_auth</refname>
  16         <refpurpose>tool to allow external access to Winbind's NTLM authentication function</refpurpose>
  17 </refnamediv>
  18
  19 <refsynopsisdiv>
  20         <cmdsynopsis>
  21                 <command>ntlm_auth</command>
  22                 <arg choice="opt">-d debuglevel</arg>
  23                 <arg choice="opt">-l logdir</arg>
  24                 <arg choice="opt">-s &lt;smb config file&gt;</arg>
  25         </cmdsynopsis>
  26 </refsynopsisdiv>
  27
  28 <refsect1>
  29         <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
  30
  31         <para>This tool is part of the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>samba</refentrytitle>
  32         <manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> suite.</para>
  33
  34         <para><command>ntlm_auth</command> is a helper utility that authenticates
  35         users using NT/LM authentication. It returns 0 if the users is authenticated
  36         successfully and 1 if access was denied. ntlm_auth uses winbind to access
  37         the user and authentication data for a domain.  This utility
  38         is only intended to be used by other programs (currently
  39         <ulink url="http://www.squid-cache.org/">Squid</ulink>
  40         and <ulink url="http://download.samba.org/ftp/unpacked/lorikeet/trunk/mod_ntlm_winbind/">mod_ntlm_winbind</ulink>)
  41         </para>
  42 </refsect1>
  43
  44 <refsect1>
  45         <title>OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS</title>
  46
  47     <para>
  48     The <citerefentry><refentrytitle>winbindd</refentrytitle>
  49     <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> daemon must be operational
  50     for many of these commands to function.</para>
  51
  52     <para>Some of these commands also require access to the directory
  53     <filename>winbindd_privileged</filename> in
  54     <filename>$LOCKDIR</filename>.  This should be done either by running
  55     this command as root or providing group access
  56     to the <filename>winbindd_privileged</filename> directory.  For
  57     security reasons, this directory should not be world-accessable. </para>
  58
  59 </refsect1>
  60
  61
  62 <refsect1>
  63         <title>OPTIONS</title>
  64
  65         <variablelist>
  66         <varlistentry>
  67         <term>--helper-protocol=PROTO</term>
  68         <listitem><para>
  69         Operate as a stdio-based helper.  Valid helper protocols are:
  70         </para>
  71         <variablelist>
  72               <varlistentry>
  73                 <term>squid-2.4-basic</term>
  74                 <listitem><para>
  75                 Server-side helper for use with Squid 2.4's basic (plaintext)
  76                 authentication.  </para>
  77                 </listitem>
  78                 </varlistentry>
  79               <varlistentry>
  80                 <term>squid-2.5-basic</term>
  81                 <listitem><para>
  82                 Server-side helper for use with Squid 2.5's basic (plaintext)
  83                 authentication. </para>
  84                 </listitem>
  85                 </varlistentry>
  86               <varlistentry>
  87                 <term>squid-2.5-ntlmssp</term>
  88                 <listitem><para>
  89                 Server-side helper for use with Squid 2.5's NTLMSSP
  90                 authentication. </para>
  91                   <para>Requires access to the directory
  92                 <filename>winbindd_privileged</filename> in
  93                 <filename>$LOCKDIR</filename>.  The protocol used is
  94                 described here: <ulink
  95                 url="http://devel.squid-cache.org/ntlm/squid_helper_protocol.html">http://devel.squid-cache.org/ntlm/squid_helper_protocol.html</ulink>.
  96                 This protocol has been extended to allow the
  97                 NTLMSSP Negotiate packet to be included as an argument
  98                 to the <command>YR</command> command. (Thus avoiding
  99                 loss of information in the protocol exchange).
 100                 </para>
 101                 </listitem>
 102               </varlistentry>
 103               <varlistentry>
 104                 <term>ntlmssp-client-1</term>
 105                 <listitem><para>
 106                 Client-side helper for use with arbitrary external
 107                 programs that may wish to use Samba's NTLMSSP
 108                 authentication knowledge. </para>
 109                   <para>This helper is a client, and as such may be run by any
 110                 user.  The protocol used is
 111                 effectively the reverse of the previous protocol.  A
 112                 <command>YR</command> command (without any arguments)
 113                 starts the authentication exchange.
 114                 </para>
 115                 </listitem>
 116               </varlistentry>
 117
 118               <varlistentry>
 119                 <term>gss-spnego</term>
 120                 <listitem><para>
 121                 Server-side helper that implements GSS-SPNEGO.  This
 122                 uses a protocol that is almost the same as
 123                 <command>squid-2.5-ntlmssp</command>, but has some
 124                 subtle differences that are undocumented outside the
 125                 source at this stage.
 126                 </para>
 127                   <para>Requires access to the directory
 128                 <filename>winbindd_privileged</filename> in
 129                 <filename>$LOCKDIR</filename>.
 130                </para>
 131                 </listitem>
 132                 </varlistentry>
 133
 134                 <varlistentry>
 135                                 <term>gss-spnego-client</term>
 136                 <listitem><para>
 137                 Client-side helper that implements GSS-SPNEGO.  This
 138                 also uses a protocol similar to the above helpers, but
 139                 is currently undocumented.
 140                 </para>
 141                 </listitem>
 142                 </varlistentry>
 143
 144                 <varlistentry>
 145                                 <term>ntlm-server-1</term>
 146                 <listitem><para>
 147                 Server-side helper protocol, intended for use by a
 148                 RADIUS server or the 'winbind' plugin for pppd, for
 149                 the provision of MSCHAP and MSCHAPv2 authentication.
 150                 </para>
 151                 <para>This protocol consists of lines in the form:
 152                 <command>Parameter: value</command> and <command>Parameter::
 153                 Base64-encode value</command>.  The presence of a single
 154                 period <command>.</command> indicates that one side has
 155                 finished supplying data to the other.  (Which in turn
 156                 could cause the helper to authenticate the
 157                 user). </para>
 158
 159                 <para>Currently implemented parameters from the
 160                 external program to the helper are:</para>
 161                 <variablelist>
 162                   <varlistentry>
 163                   <term>Username</term>
 164
 165                 <listitem><para>The username, expected to be in
 166                 Samba's <smbconfoption name="unix charset"/>.
 167                 </para>
 168
 169                       <para><example>Username: bob</example></para>
 170                       <para><example>Username:: Ym9i</example></para>
 171                     </listitem></varlistentry>
 172
 173                   <varlistentry>
 174                   <term>NT-Domain</term>
 175                 <listitem><para>The user's domain, expected to be in
 176                 Samba's <smbconfoption name="unix charset"/>.
 177                 </para>
 178
 179                       <para><example>NT-Domain: WORKGROUP</example></para>
 180                       <para><example>NT-Domain:: V09SS0dST1VQ</example></para>
 181                     </listitem></varlistentry>
 182
 183                   <varlistentry>
 184                   <term>Full-Username</term>
 185                 <listitem><para>The fully qualified username, expected to be in
 186                 Samba's <smbconfoption name="unix charset"/> and qualified with the
 187                 <smbconfoption name="winbind separator"/>.
 188                 </para>
 189
 190                       <para><example>Full-Username: WORKGROUP\bob</example></para>
 191                       <para><example>Full-Username:: V09SS0dST1VQYm9i</example></para>
 192                     </listitem></varlistentry>
 193
 194                   <varlistentry>
 195                   <term>LANMAN-Challenge</term>
 196
 197                 <listitem><para>The 8 byte <command>LANMAN Challenge</command> value,
 198                 generated randomly by the server, or (in cases such as
 199                 MSCHAPv2) generated in some way by both the server and
 200                 the client.
 201                 </para>
 202                       <para><example>LANMAN-Challenge: 0102030405060708</example></para>
 203                     </listitem></varlistentry>
 204
 205                   <varlistentry>
 206                   <term>LANMAN-Response</term>
 207
 208                 <listitem><para>The 24 byte <command>LANMAN Response</command> value,
 209                 calculated from the user's password and the supplied
 210                 <command>LANMAN Challenge</command>.  Typically, this
 211                 is provided over the network by a client wishing to authenticate.
 212                 </para>
 213                       <para><example>LANMAN-Response: 0102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F101112131415161718</example></para>
 214
 215                     </listitem></varlistentry>
 216
 217                   <varlistentry>
 218                   <term>NT-Response</term>
 219                 <listitem><para>The >= 24 byte <command>NT Response</command>
 220                 calculated from the user's password and the supplied
 221                 <command>LANMAN Challenge</command>.  Typically, this is
 222                 provided over the network by a client wishing to authenticate.
 223                  </para>
 224                       <para><example>NT-Response: 0102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F101112131415161718</example></para>
 225
 226                     </listitem></varlistentry>
 227
 228                   <varlistentry>
 229                   <term>Password</term>
 230                 <listitem><para>The user's password.  This would be
 231                 provided by a network client, if the helper is being
 232                 used in a legacy situation that exposes plaintext
 233                 passwords in this way.
 234                  </para>
 235                       <para><example>Password: samba2</example></para>
 236                       <para><example>Password:: c2FtYmEy</example></para>
 237
 238                     </listitem></varlistentry>
 239
 240                   <varlistentry>
 241                   <term>Request-User-Session-Key</term>
 242                 <listitem><para>Upon successful authenticaiton, return
 243                 the user session key associated with the login.
 244                  </para>
 245                       <para><example>Request-User-Session-Key: Yes</example></para>
 246
 247                     </listitem></varlistentry>
 248
 249                   <varlistentry>
 250                   <term>Request-LanMan-Session-Key</term>
 251                 <listitem><para>Upon successful authenticaiton, return
 252                 the LANMAN session key associated with the login.
 253                  </para>
 254                       <para><example>Request-LanMan-Session-Key: Yes</example></para>
 255
 256                     </listitem></varlistentry>
 257
 258                 <para><warning>Implementers should take care to base64 encode
 259                 any data (such as usernames/passwords) that may contain malicous user data, such as
 260                 a newline.  They may also need to decode strings from
 261                 the helper, which likewise may have been base64 encoded.</warning></para>
 262         </variablelist>
 263
 264                 </listitem>
 265                 </varlistentry>
 266         </variablelist>
 267         </listitem>
 268       </varlistentry>
 269
 270       <varlistentry>
 271         <term>--username=USERNAME</term>
 272         <listitem><para>
 273         Specify username of user to authenticate
 274         </para></listitem>
 275
 276       </varlistentry>
 277
 278       <varlistentry>
 279         <term>--domain=DOMAIN</term>
 280         <listitem><para>
 281         Specify domain of user to authenticate
 282         </para></listitem>
 283       </varlistentry>
 284
 285       <varlistentry>
 286         <term>--workstation=WORKSTATION</term>
 287         <listitem><para>
 288         Specify the workstation the user authenticated from
 289         </para></listitem>
 290       </varlistentry>
 291
 292         <varlistentry>
 293         <term>--challenge=STRING</term>
 294         <listitem><para>NTLM challenge (in HEXADECIMAL)</para>
 295         </listitem>
 296         </varlistentry>
 297
 298         <varlistentry>
 299         <term>--lm-response=RESPONSE</term>
 300         <listitem><para>LM Response to the challenge (in HEXADECIMAL)</para></listitem>
 301         </varlistentry>
 302
 303         <varlistentry>
 304         <term>--nt-response=RESPONSE</term>
 305         <listitem><para>NT or NTLMv2 Response to the challenge (in HEXADECIMAL)</para></listitem>
 306         </varlistentry>
 307
 308         <varlistentry>
 309         <term>--password=PASSWORD</term>
 310         <listitem><para>User's plaintext password</para><para>If
 311         not specified on the command line, this is prompted for when
 312         required.  </para>
 313
 314           <para>For the NTLMSSP based server roles, this parameter
 315           specifies the expected password, allowing testing without
 316           winbindd operational.</para>
 317         </listitem>
 318         </varlistentry>
 319
 320         <varlistentry>
 321         <term>--request-lm-key</term>
 322         <listitem><para>Retrieve LM session key</para></listitem>
 323         </varlistentry>
 324
 325         <varlistentry>
 326         <term>--request-nt-key</term>
 327         <listitem><para>Request NT key</para></listitem>
 328         </varlistentry>
 329
 330       <varlistentry>
 331         <term>--diagnostics</term>
 332         <listitem><para>Perform Diagnostics on the authentication
 333         chain.  Uses the password from <command>--password</command>
 334         or prompts for one.</para>
 335         </listitem>
 336         </varlistentry>
 337
 338         <varlistentry>
 339             <term>--require-membership-of={SID|Name}</term>
 340             <listitem><para>Require that a user be a member of specified
 341             group (either name or SID) for authentication to succeed.</para>
 342             </listitem>
 343         </varlistentry>
 344
 345           &stdarg.server.debug;
 346           &popt.common.samba;
 347           &stdarg.help;
 348
 349         </variablelist>
 350 </refsect1>
 351
 352 <refsect1>
 353         <title>EXAMPLE SETUP</title>
 354
 355         <para>To setup ntlm_auth for use by squid 2.5, with both basic and
 356         NTLMSSP authentication, the following
 357         should be placed in the <filename>squid.conf</filename> file.
 358 <programlisting>
 359 auth_param ntlm program ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=squid-2.5-ntlmssp
 360 auth_param basic program ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=squid-2.5-basic
 361 auth_param basic children 5
 362 auth_param basic realm Squid proxy-caching web server
 363 auth_param basic credentialsttl 2 hours
 364 </programlisting></para>
 365
 366 <note><para>This example assumes that ntlm_auth has been installed into your
 367       path, and that the group permissions on
 368       <filename>winbindd_privileged</filename> are as described above.</para></note>
 369
 370         <para>To setup ntlm_auth for use by squid 2.5 with group limitation in addition to the above
 371         example, the following should be added to the <filename>squid.conf</filename> file.
 372 <programlisting>
 373 auth_param ntlm program ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=squid-2.5-ntlmssp --require-membership-of='WORKGROUP\Domain Users'
 374 auth_param basic program ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=squid-2.5-basic --require-membership-of='WORKGROUP\Domain Users'
 375 </programlisting></para>
 376
 377 </refsect1>
 378
 379 <refsect1>
 380         <title>TROUBLESHOOTING</title>
 381
 382         <para>If you're experiencing problems with authenticating Internet Explorer running
 383         under MS Windows 9X or Millennium Edition against ntlm_auth's NTLMSSP authentication
 384         helper (--helper-protocol=squid-2.5-ntlmssp), then please read
 385         <ulink url="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q239/8/69.ASP">
 386         the Microsoft Knowledge Base article #239869 and follow instructions described there</ulink>.
 387         </para>
 388 </refsect1>
 389
 390 <refsect1>
 391         <title>VERSION</title>
 392
 393         <para>This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba
 394         suite.</para>
 395 </refsect1>
 396
 397 <refsect1>
 398         <title>AUTHOR</title>
 399
 400         <para>The original Samba software and related utilities
 401         were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed
 402         by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar
 403         to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</para>
 404
 405         <para>The ntlm_auth manpage was written by Jelmer Vernooij and
 406         Andrew Bartlett.</para>
 407 </refsect1>
 408
 409 </refentry>