source4/scripting/python/samba/dbchecker.py

   1 #!/usr/bin/env python
   2 #
   3 # Samba4 AD database checker
   4 #
   5 # Copyright (C) Andrew Tridgell 2011
   6 # Copyright (C) Matthieu Patou <mat@matws.net> 2011
   7 #
   8 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   9 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
  11 # (at your option) any later version.
  12 #
  13 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  14 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  16 # GNU General Public License for more details.
  17 #
  18 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 #
  21
  22 import ldb
  23 from samba import dsdb
  24 from samba import common
  25 from samba.dcerpc import misc
  26 from samba.ndr import ndr_unpack
  27 from samba.dcerpc import drsblobs
  28
  29
  30 class dsdb_DN(object):
  31     '''a class to manipulate DN components'''
  32
  33     def __init__(self, samdb, dnstring, syntax_oid):
  34         if syntax_oid in [ dsdb.DSDB_SYNTAX_BINARY_DN, dsdb.DSDB_SYNTAX_STRING_DN ]:
  35             colons = dnstring.split(':')
  36             if len(colons) < 4:
  37                 raise Exception("invalid DN prefix")
  38             prefix_len = 4 + len(colons[1]) + int(colons[1])
  39             self.prefix = dnstring[0:prefix_len]
  40             self.dnstring = dnstring[prefix_len:]
  41         else:
  42             self.dnstring = dnstring
  43             self.prefix = ''
  44         try:
  45             self.dn = ldb.Dn(samdb, self.dnstring)
  46         except Exception, msg:
  47             print("ERROR: bad DN string '%s'" % self.dnstring)
  48             raise
  49
  50     def __str__(self):
  51         return self.prefix + str(self.dn.extended_str(mode=1))
  52
  53 class dbcheck(object):
  54     """check a SAM database for errors"""
  55
  56     def __init__(self, samdb, samdb_schema=None, verbose=False, fix=False, yes=False, quiet=False):
  57         self.samdb = samdb
  58         self.dict_oid_name = None
  59         self.samdb_schema = (samdb_schema or samdb)
  60         self.verbose = verbose
  61         self.fix = fix
  62         self.yes = yes
  63         self.quiet = quiet
  64         self.remove_all_unknown_attributes = False
  65         self.remove_all_empty_attributes = False
  66         self.fix_all_normalisation = False
  67         self.fix_all_DN_GUIDs = False
  68         self.remove_all_deleted_DN_links = False
  69         self.fix_all_target_mismatch = False
  70         self.fix_all_metadata = False
  71         self.fix_all_missing_backlinks = False
  72         self.fix_all_orphaned_backlinks = False
  73
  74     def check_database(self, DN=None, scope=ldb.SCOPE_SUBTREE, controls=[], attrs=['*']):
  75         '''perform a database check, returning the number of errors found'''
  76
  77         res = self.samdb.search(base=DN, scope=scope, attrs=['dn'], controls=controls)
  78         self.report('Checking %u objects' % len(res))
  79         error_count = 0
  80
  81         for object in res:
  82             error_count += self.check_object(object.dn, attrs=attrs)
  83
  84         if DN is None:
  85             error_count += self.check_rootdse()
  86
  87         if error_count != 0 and not self.fix:
  88             self.report("Please use --fix to fix these errors")
  89
  90
  91         self.report('Checked %u objects (%u errors)' % (len(res), error_count))
  92
  93         return error_count
  94
  95
  96     def report(self, msg):
  97         '''print a message unless quiet is set'''
  98         if not self.quiet:
  99             print(msg)
 100
 101
 102     ################################################################
 103     # a local confirm function that obeys the --fix and --yes options
 104     def confirm(self, msg, allow_all=False, forced=False):
 105         '''confirm a change'''
 106         if not self.fix:
 107             return False
 108         if self.quiet:
 109             return self.yes
 110         if self.yes:
 111             forced = True
 112         return common.confirm(msg, forced=forced, allow_all=allow_all)
 113
 114     ################################################################
 115     # a local confirm function with support for 'all'
 116     def confirm_all(self, msg, all_attr):
 117         '''confirm a change with support for "all" '''
 118         if not self.fix:
 119             return False
 120         if self.quiet:
 121             return self.yes
 122         if getattr(self, all_attr) == 'NONE':
 123             return False
 124         if getattr(self, all_attr) == 'ALL':
 125             forced = True
 126         else:
 127             forced = self.yes
 128         c = common.confirm(msg, forced=forced, allow_all=True)
 129         if c == 'ALL':
 130             setattr(self, all_attr, 'ALL')
 131             return True
 132         if c == 'NONE':
 133             setattr(self, all_attr, 'NONE')
 134             return True
 135         return c
 136
 137
 138     def do_modify(self, m, controls, msg, validate=True):
 139         '''perform a modify with optional verbose output'''
 140         if self.verbose:
 141             self.report(self.samdb.write_ldif(m, ldb.CHANGETYPE_MODIFY))
 142         try:
 143             self.samdb.modify(m, controls=controls, validate=validate)
 144         except Exception, err:
 145             self.report("%s : %s" % (msg, err))
 146             return False
 147         return True
 148
 149
 150     ################################################################
 151     # handle empty attributes
 152     def err_empty_attribute(self, dn, attrname):
 153         '''fix empty attributes'''
 154         self.report("ERROR: Empty attribute %s in %s" % (attrname, dn))
 155         if not self.confirm_all('Remove empty attribute %s from %s?' % (attrname, dn), 'remove_all_empty_attributes'):
 156             self.report("Not fixing empty attribute %s" % attrname)
 157             return
 158
 159         m = ldb.Message()
 160         m.dn = dn
 161         m[attrname] = ldb.MessageElement('', ldb.FLAG_MOD_DELETE, attrname)
 162         if self.do_modify(m, ["relax:0", "show_recycled:1"],
 163                           "Failed to remove empty attribute %s" % attrname, validate=False):
 164             self.report("Removed empty attribute %s" % attrname)
 165
 166
 167     ################################################################
 168     # handle normalisation mismatches
 169     def err_normalise_mismatch(self, dn, attrname, values):
 170         '''fix attribute normalisation errors'''
 171         self.report("ERROR: Normalisation error for attribute %s in %s" % (attrname, dn))
 172         mod_list = []
 173         for val in values:
 174             normalised = self.samdb.dsdb_normalise_attributes(self.samdb_schema, attrname, [val])
 175             if len(normalised) != 1:
 176                 self.report("Unable to normalise value '%s'" % val)
 177                 mod_list.append((val, ''))
 178             elif (normalised[0] != val):
 179                 self.report("value '%s' should be '%s'" % (val, normalised[0]))
 180                 mod_list.append((val, normalised[0]))
 181         if not self.confirm_all('Fix normalisation for %s from %s?' % (attrname, dn), 'fix_all_normalisation'):
 182             self.report("Not fixing attribute %s" % attrname)
 183             return
 184
 185         m = ldb.Message()
 186         m.dn = dn
 187         for i in range(0, len(mod_list)):
 188             (val, nval) = mod_list[i]
 189             m['value_%u' % i] = ldb.MessageElement(val, ldb.FLAG_MOD_DELETE, attrname)
 190             if nval != '':
 191                 m['normv_%u' % i] = ldb.MessageElement(nval, ldb.FLAG_MOD_ADD, attrname)
 192
 193         if self.do_modify(m, ["relax:0", "show_recycled:1"],
 194                           "Failed to normalise attribute %s" % attrname,
 195                           validate=False):
 196             self.report("Normalised attribute %s" % attrname)
 197
 198     def is_deleted_objects_dn(self, dsdb_dn):
 199         '''see if a dsdb_DN is the special Deleted Objects DN'''
 200         return dsdb_dn.prefix == "B:32:18E2EA80684F11D2B9AA00C04F79F805:"
 201
 202
 203     ################################################################
 204     # handle a missing GUID extended DN component
 205     def err_incorrect_dn_GUID(self, dn, attrname, val, dsdb_dn, errstr):
 206         self.report("ERROR: %s component for %s in object %s - %s" % (errstr, attrname, dn, val))
 207         controls=["extended_dn:1:1", "show_recycled:1"]
 208         try:
 209             res = self.samdb.search(base=str(dsdb_dn.dn), scope=ldb.SCOPE_BASE,
 210                                     attrs=[], controls=controls)
 211         except ldb.LdbError, (enum, estr):
 212             self.report("unable to find object for DN %s - cannot fix (%s)" % (dsdb_dn.dn, estr))
 213             return
 214         if len(res) == 0:
 215             self.report("unable to find object for DN %s - cannot fix" % dsdb_dn.dn)
 216             return
 217         dsdb_dn.dn = res[0].dn
 218
 219         if not self.confirm_all('Change DN to %s?' % str(dsdb_dn), 'fix_all_DN_GUIDs'):
 220             self.report("Not fixing %s" % errstr)
 221             return
 222         m = ldb.Message()
 223         m.dn = dn
 224         m['old_value'] = ldb.MessageElement(val, ldb.FLAG_MOD_DELETE, attrname)
 225         m['new_value'] = ldb.MessageElement(str(dsdb_dn), ldb.FLAG_MOD_ADD, attrname)
 226
 227         if self.do_modify(m, ["show_recycled:1"],
 228                           "Failed to fix %s on attribute %s" % (errstr, attrname)):
 229             self.report("Fixed %s on attribute %s" % (errstr, attrname))
 230
 231
 232     ################################################################
 233     # handle a DN pointing to a deleted object
 234     def err_deleted_dn(self, dn, attrname, val, dsdb_dn, correct_dn):
 235         self.report("ERROR: target DN is deleted for %s in object %s - %s" % (attrname, dn, val))
 236         self.report("Target GUID points at deleted DN %s" % correct_dn)
 237         if not self.confirm_all('Remove DN?', 'remove_all_deleted_DN_links'):
 238             self.report("Not removing")
 239             return
 240         m = ldb.Message()
 241         m.dn = dn
 242         m['old_value'] = ldb.MessageElement(val, ldb.FLAG_MOD_DELETE, attrname)
 243         if self.do_modify(m, ["show_recycled:1"],
 244                           "Failed to remove deleted DN attribute %s" % attrname):
 245             self.report("Removed deleted DN on attribute %s" % attrname)
 246
 247
 248     ################################################################
 249     # handle a DN string being incorrect
 250     def err_dn_target_mismatch(self, dn, attrname, val, dsdb_dn, correct_dn, errstr):
 251         self.report("ERROR: incorrect DN string component for %s in object %s - %s" % (attrname, dn, val))
 252         dsdb_dn.dn = correct_dn
 253
 254         if not self.confirm_all('Change DN to %s?' % str(dsdb_dn), 'fix_all_target_mismatch'):
 255             self.report("Not fixing %s" % errstr)
 256             return
 257         m = ldb.Message()
 258         m.dn = dn
 259         m['old_value'] = ldb.MessageElement(val, ldb.FLAG_MOD_DELETE, attrname)
 260         m['new_value'] = ldb.MessageElement(str(dsdb_dn), ldb.FLAG_MOD_ADD, attrname)
 261         if self.do_modify(m, ["show_recycled:1"],
 262                           "Failed to fix incorrect DN string on attribute %s" % attrname):
 263             self.report("Fixed incorrect DN string on attribute %s" % (attrname))
 264
 265     ################################################################
 266     # handle an unknown attribute error
 267     def err_unknown_attribute(self, obj, attrname):
 268         '''handle an unknown attribute error'''
 269         self.report("ERROR: unknown attribute '%s' in %s" % (attrname, obj.dn))
 270         if not self.confirm_all('Remove unknown attribute %s' % attrname, 'remove_all_unknown_attributes'):
 271             self.report("Not removing %s" % attrname)
 272             return
 273         m = ldb.Message()
 274         m.dn = obj.dn
 275         m['old_value'] = ldb.MessageElement([], ldb.FLAG_MOD_DELETE, attrname)
 276         if self.do_modify(m, ["relax:0", "show_recycled:1"],
 277                           "Failed to remove unknown attribute %s" % attrname):
 278             self.report("Removed unknown attribute %s" % (attrname))
 279
 280
 281     ################################################################
 282     # handle a missing backlink
 283     def err_missing_backlink(self, obj, attrname, val, backlink_name, target_dn):
 284         '''handle a missing backlink value'''
 285         self.report("ERROR: missing backlink attribute '%s' in %s for link %s in %s" % (backlink_name, target_dn, attrname, obj.dn))
 286         if not self.confirm_all('Fix missing backlink %s' % backlink_name, 'fix_all_missing_backlinks'):
 287             self.report("Not fixing missing backlink %s" % backlink_name)
 288             return
 289         m = ldb.Message()
 290         m.dn = obj.dn
 291         m['old_value'] = ldb.MessageElement(val, ldb.FLAG_MOD_DELETE, attrname)
 292         m['new_value'] = ldb.MessageElement(val, ldb.FLAG_MOD_ADD, attrname)
 293         if self.do_modify(m, ["show_recycled:1"],
 294                           "Failed to fix missing backlink %s" % backlink_name):
 295             self.report("Fixed missing backlink %s" % (backlink_name))
 296
 297
 298     ################################################################
 299     # handle a orphaned backlink
 300     def err_orphaned_backlink(self, obj, attrname, val, link_name, target_dn):
 301         '''handle a orphaned backlink value'''
 302         self.report("ERROR: orphaned backlink attribute '%s' in %s for link %s in %s" % (attrname, obj.dn, link_name, target_dn))
 303         if not self.confirm_all('Remove orphaned backlink %s' % link_name, 'fix_all_orphaned_backlinks'):
 304             self.report("Not removing orphaned backlink %s" % link_name)
 305             return
 306         m = ldb.Message()
 307         m.dn = obj.dn
 308         m['value'] = ldb.MessageElement(val, ldb.FLAG_MOD_DELETE, attrname)
 309         if self.do_modify(m, ["show_recycled:1", "relax:0"],
 310                           "Failed to fix orphaned backlink %s" % link_name):
 311             self.report("Fixed orphaned backlink %s" % (link_name))
 312
 313
 314     ################################################################
 315     # specialised checking for a dn attribute
 316     def check_dn(self, obj, attrname, syntax_oid):
 317         '''check a DN attribute for correctness'''
 318         error_count = 0
 319         for val in obj[attrname]:
 320             dsdb_dn = dsdb_DN(self.samdb, val, syntax_oid)
 321
 322             # all DNs should have a GUID component
 323             guid = dsdb_dn.dn.get_extended_component("GUID")
 324             if guid is None:
 325                 error_count += 1
 326                 self.err_incorrect_dn_GUID(obj.dn, attrname, val, dsdb_dn, "missing GUID")
 327                 continue
 328
 329             guidstr = str(misc.GUID(guid))
 330
 331             attrs=['isDeleted']
 332             linkkID = self.samdb_schema.get_linkId_from_lDAPDisplayName(attrname)
 333             reverse_link_name = self.samdb_schema.get_backlink_from_lDAPDisplayName(attrname)
 334             if reverse_link_name is not None:
 335                 attrs.append(reverse_link_name)
 336
 337             # check its the right GUID
 338             try:
 339                 res = self.samdb.search(base="<GUID=%s>" % guidstr, scope=ldb.SCOPE_BASE,
 340                                         attrs=attrs, controls=["extended_dn:1:1", "show_recycled:1"])
 341             except ldb.LdbError, (enum, estr):
 342                 error_count += 1
 343                 self.err_incorrect_dn_GUID(obj.dn, attrname, val, dsdb_dn, "incorrect GUID")
 344                 continue
 345
 346             # now we have two cases - the source object might or might not be deleted
 347             is_deleted = 'isDeleted' in obj and obj['isDeleted'][0].upper() == 'TRUE'
 348             target_is_deleted = 'isDeleted' in res[0] and res[0]['isDeleted'][0].upper() == 'TRUE'
 349
 350             # the target DN is not allowed to be deleted, unless the target DN is the
 351             # special Deleted Objects container
 352             if target_is_deleted and not is_deleted and not self.is_deleted_objects_dn(dsdb_dn):
 353                 error_count += 1
 354                 self.err_deleted_dn(obj.dn, attrname, val, dsdb_dn, res[0].dn)
 355                 continue
 356
 357             # check the DN matches in string form
 358             if res[0].dn.extended_str() != dsdb_dn.dn.extended_str():
 359                 error_count += 1
 360                 self.err_dn_target_mismatch(obj.dn, attrname, val, dsdb_dn,
 361                                             res[0].dn, "incorrect string version of DN")
 362                 continue
 363
 364             # check the reverse_link is correct if there should be one
 365             if reverse_link_name is not None:
 366                 match_count = 0
 367                 if reverse_link_name in res[0]:
 368                     for v in res[0][reverse_link_name]:
 369                         if v == obj.dn.extended_str():
 370                             match_count += 1
 371                 if match_count != 1:
 372                     error_count += 1
 373                     if linkkID & 1:
 374                         self.err_orphaned_backlink(obj, attrname, val, reverse_link_name, dsdb_dn.dn)
 375                     else:
 376                         self.err_missing_backlink(obj, attrname, val, reverse_link_name, dsdb_dn.dn)
 377                     continue
 378
 379         return error_count
 380
 381
 382     def process_metadata(self, val):
 383         '''Read metadata properties and list attributes in it'''
 384
 385         list_att = []
 386
 387         repl = ndr_unpack(drsblobs.replPropertyMetaDataBlob, str(val))
 388         obj = repl.ctr
 389
 390         for o in repl.ctr.array:
 391             att = self.samdb_schema.get_lDAPDisplayName_by_attid(o.attid)
 392             list_att.append(att.lower())
 393
 394         return list_att
 395
 396
 397     def fix_metadata(self, dn, attr):
 398         '''re-write replPropertyMetaData elements for a single attribute for a
 399         object. This is used to fix missing replPropertyMetaData elements'''
 400         res = self.samdb.search(base = dn, scope=ldb.SCOPE_BASE, attrs = [attr],
 401                                 controls = ["search_options:1:2", "show_recycled:1"])
 402         msg = res[0]
 403         nmsg = ldb.Message()
 404         nmsg.dn = dn
 405         nmsg[attr] = ldb.MessageElement(msg[attr], ldb.FLAG_MOD_REPLACE, attr)
 406         if self.do_modify(nmsg, ["relax:0", "provision:0", "show_recycled:1"],
 407                           "Failed to fix metadata for attribute %s" % attr):
 408             self.report("Fixed metadata for attribute %s" % attr)
 409
 410
 411     ################################################################
 412     # check one object - calls to individual error handlers above
 413     def check_object(self, dn, attrs=['*']):
 414         '''check one object'''
 415         if self.verbose:
 416             self.report("Checking object %s" % dn)
 417         if '*' in attrs:
 418             attrs.append("replPropertyMetaData")
 419
 420         res = self.samdb.search(base=dn, scope=ldb.SCOPE_BASE,
 421                                 controls=["extended_dn:1:1", "show_recycled:1"],
 422                                 attrs=attrs)
 423         if len(res) != 1:
 424             self.report("Object %s disappeared during check" % dn)
 425             return 1
 426         obj = res[0]
 427         error_count = 0
 428         list_attrs_from_md = []
 429         list_attrs_seen = []
 430         got_repl_property_meta_data = False
 431
 432         for attrname in obj:
 433             if attrname == 'dn':
 434                 continue
 435
 436             if str(attrname).lower() == 'replpropertymetadata':
 437                 list_attrs_from_md = self.process_metadata(obj[attrname])
 438                 got_repl_property_meta_data = True
 439                 continue
 440
 441
 442             # check for empty attributes
 443             for val in obj[attrname]:
 444                 if val == '':
 445                     self.err_empty_attribute(dn, attrname)
 446                     error_count += 1
 447                     continue
 448
 449             # get the syntax oid for the attribute, so we can can have
 450             # special handling for some specific attribute types
 451             try:
 452                 syntax_oid = self.samdb_schema.get_syntax_oid_from_lDAPDisplayName(attrname)
 453             except Exception, msg:
 454                 self.err_unknown_attribute(obj, attrname)
 455                 error_count += 1
 456                 continue
 457
 458             flag = self.samdb_schema.get_systemFlags_from_lDAPDisplayName(attrname)
 459             if (not flag & dsdb.DS_FLAG_ATTR_NOT_REPLICATED
 460                 and not flag & dsdb.DS_FLAG_ATTR_IS_CONSTRUCTED
 461                 and not self.samdb_schema.get_linkId_from_lDAPDisplayName(attrname)):
 462                 list_attrs_seen.append(str(attrname).lower())
 463
 464             if syntax_oid in [ dsdb.DSDB_SYNTAX_BINARY_DN, dsdb.DSDB_SYNTAX_OR_NAME,
 465                                dsdb.DSDB_SYNTAX_STRING_DN, ldb.SYNTAX_DN ]:
 466                 # it's some form of DN, do specialised checking on those
 467                 error_count += self.check_dn(obj, attrname, syntax_oid)
 468
 469             # check for incorrectly normalised attributes
 470             for val in obj[attrname]:
 471                 normalised = self.samdb.dsdb_normalise_attributes(self.samdb_schema, attrname, [val])
 472                 if len(normalised) != 1 or normalised[0] != val:
 473                     self.err_normalise_mismatch(dn, attrname, obj[attrname])
 474                     error_count += 1
 475                     break
 476
 477         show_dn = True
 478         if got_repl_property_meta_data:
 479             for att in list_attrs_seen:
 480                 if not att in list_attrs_from_md:
 481                     if show_dn:
 482                         self.report("On object %s" % dn)
 483                         show_dn = False
 484                     error_count += 1
 485                     self.report("ERROR: Attribute %s not present in replication metadata" % att)
 486                     if not self.confirm_all("Fix missing replPropertyMetaData element '%s'" % att, 'fix_all_metadata'):
 487                         self.report("Not fixing missing replPropertyMetaData element '%s'" % att)
 488                         continue
 489                     self.fix_metadata(dn, att)
 490
 491         return error_count
 492
 493     ################################################################
 494     # check special @ROOTDSE attributes
 495     def check_rootdse(self):
 496         '''check the @ROOTDSE special object'''
 497         dn = ldb.Dn(self.samdb, '@ROOTDSE')
 498         if self.verbose:
 499             self.report("Checking object %s" % dn)
 500         res = self.samdb.search(base=dn, scope=ldb.SCOPE_BASE)
 501         if len(res) != 1:
 502             self.report("Object %s disappeared during check" % dn)
 503             return 1
 504         obj = res[0]
 505         error_count = 0
 506
 507         # check that the dsServiceName is in GUID form
 508         if not 'dsServiceName' in obj:
 509             self.report('ERROR: dsServiceName missing in @ROOTDSE')
 510             return error_count+1
 511
 512         if not obj['dsServiceName'][0].startswith('<GUID='):
 513             self.report('ERROR: dsServiceName not in GUID form in @ROOTDSE')
 514             error_count += 1
 515             if not self.confirm('Change dsServiceName to GUID form?'):
 516                 return error_count
 517             res = self.samdb.search(base=ldb.Dn(self.samdb, obj['dsServiceName'][0]),
 518                                     scope=ldb.SCOPE_BASE, attrs=['objectGUID'])
 519             guid_str = str(ndr_unpack(misc.GUID, res[0]['objectGUID'][0]))
 520             m = ldb.Message()
 521             m.dn = dn
 522             m['dsServiceName'] = ldb.MessageElement("<GUID=%s>" % guid_str,
 523                                                     ldb.FLAG_MOD_REPLACE, 'dsServiceName')
 524             if self.do_modify(m, [], "Failed to change dsServiceName to GUID form", validate=False):
 525                 self.report("Changed dsServiceName to GUID form")
 526         return error_count
 527
 528
 529     ###############################################
 530     # re-index the database
 531     def reindex_database(self):
 532         '''re-index the whole database'''
 533         m = ldb.Message()
 534         m.dn = ldb.Dn(self.samdb, "@ATTRIBUTES")
 535         m['add']    = ldb.MessageElement('NONE', ldb.FLAG_MOD_ADD, 'force_reindex')
 536         m['delete'] = ldb.MessageElement('NONE', ldb.FLAG_MOD_DELETE, 'force_reindex')
 537         return self.do_modify(m, [], 're-indexed database', validate=False)