dsdb: Avoid talloc() calls in dsdb_get_extended_dn_*()

[Samba.git] / source4 / dsdb / common / util.c

/* 
   Unix SMB/CIFS implementation.
   Samba utility functions

   Copyright (C) Andrew Tridgell 2004
   Copyright (C) Volker Lendecke 2004
   Copyright (C) Andrew Bartlett <abartlet@samba.org> 2006
   Copyright (C) Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org> 2007

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/

#include "includes.h"
#include "events/events.h"
#include "ldb.h"
#include "ldb_module.h"
#include "ldb_errors.h"
#include "../lib/util/util_ldb.h"
#include "../lib/crypto/crypto.h"
#include "dsdb/samdb/samdb.h"
#include "libcli/security/security.h"
#include "librpc/gen_ndr/ndr_security.h"
#include "librpc/gen_ndr/ndr_misc.h"
#include "../libds/common/flags.h"
#include "dsdb/common/proto.h"
#include "libcli/ldap/ldap_ndr.h"
#include "param/param.h"
#include "libcli/auth/libcli_auth.h"
#include "librpc/gen_ndr/ndr_drsblobs.h"
#include "system/locale.h"
#include "lib/util/tsort.h"
#include "dsdb/common/util.h"
#include "lib/socket/socket.h"
#include "librpc/gen_ndr/irpc.h"
#include "libds/common/flag_mapping.h"

/*
  search the sam for the specified attributes in a specific domain, filter on
  objectSid being in domain_sid.
*/
int samdb_search_domain(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                        TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, 
                        struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                        struct ldb_message ***res,
                        const char * const *attrs,
                        const struct dom_sid *domain_sid,
                        const char *format, ...)  _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(7,8)
{
        va_list ap;
        int i, count;

        va_start(ap, format);
        count = gendb_search_v(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, basedn,
                               res, attrs, format, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        i=0;

        while (i<count) {
                struct dom_sid *entry_sid;

                entry_sid = samdb_result_dom_sid(mem_ctx, (*res)[i], "objectSid");

                if ((entry_sid == NULL) ||
                    (!dom_sid_in_domain(domain_sid, entry_sid))) {
                        /* Delete that entry from the result set */
                        (*res)[i] = (*res)[count-1];
                        count -= 1;
                        talloc_free(entry_sid);
                        continue;
                }
                talloc_free(entry_sid);
                i += 1;
        }

        return count;
}

/*
  search the sam for a single string attribute in exactly 1 record
*/
const char *samdb_search_string_v(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                                  TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                  struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                                  const char *attr_name,
                                  const char *format, va_list ap) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(5,0)
{
        int count;
        const char *attrs[2] = { NULL, NULL };
        struct ldb_message **res = NULL;

        attrs[0] = attr_name;

        count = gendb_search_v(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, basedn, &res, attrs, format, ap);
        if (count > 1) {                
                DEBUG(1,("samdb: search for %s %s not single valued (count=%d)\n", 
                         attr_name, format, count));
        }
        if (count != 1) {
                talloc_free(res);
                return NULL;
        }

        return ldb_msg_find_attr_as_string(res[0], attr_name, NULL);
}

/*
  search the sam for a single string attribute in exactly 1 record
*/
const char *samdb_search_string(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                                TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                                const char *attr_name,
                                const char *format, ...) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(5,6)
{
        va_list ap;
        const char *str;

        va_start(ap, format);
        str = samdb_search_string_v(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, basedn, attr_name, format, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        return str;
}

struct ldb_dn *samdb_search_dn(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                               TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                               struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                               const char *format, ...) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(4,5)
{
        va_list ap;
        struct ldb_dn *ret;
        struct ldb_message **res = NULL;
        int count;

        va_start(ap, format);
        count = gendb_search_v(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, basedn, &res, NULL, format, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        if (count != 1) return NULL;

        ret = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, res[0]->dn);
        talloc_free(res);

        return ret;
}

/*
  search the sam for a dom_sid attribute in exactly 1 record
*/
struct dom_sid *samdb_search_dom_sid(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                                     TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                     struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                                     const char *attr_name,
                                     const char *format, ...) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(5,6)
{
        va_list ap;
        int count;
        struct ldb_message **res;
        const char *attrs[2] = { NULL, NULL };
        struct dom_sid *sid;

        attrs[0] = attr_name;

        va_start(ap, format);
        count = gendb_search_v(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, basedn, &res, attrs, format, ap);
        va_end(ap);
        if (count > 1) {                
                DEBUG(1,("samdb: search for %s %s not single valued (count=%d)\n", 
                         attr_name, format, count));
        }
        if (count != 1) {
                talloc_free(res);
                return NULL;
        }
        sid = samdb_result_dom_sid(mem_ctx, res[0], attr_name);
        talloc_free(res);
        return sid;     
}

/*
  return the count of the number of records in the sam matching the query
*/
int samdb_search_count(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                       TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                       struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                       const char *format, ...) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(4,5)
{
        va_list ap;
        const char *attrs[] = { NULL };
        int ret;

        va_start(ap, format);
        ret = gendb_search_v(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, basedn, NULL, attrs, format, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        return ret;
}


/*
  search the sam for a single integer attribute in exactly 1 record
*/
unsigned int samdb_search_uint(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                         TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                         unsigned int default_value,
                         struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                         const char *attr_name,
                         const char *format, ...) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(6,7)
{
        va_list ap;
        int count;
        struct ldb_message **res;
        const char *attrs[2] = { NULL, NULL };

        attrs[0] = attr_name;

        va_start(ap, format);
        count = gendb_search_v(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, basedn, &res, attrs, format, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        if (count != 1) {
                return default_value;
        }

        return ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint(res[0], attr_name, default_value);
}

/*
  search the sam for a single signed 64 bit integer attribute in exactly 1 record
*/
int64_t samdb_search_int64(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                           TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                           int64_t default_value,
                           struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                           const char *attr_name,
                           const char *format, ...) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(6,7)
{
        va_list ap;
        int count;
        struct ldb_message **res;
        const char *attrs[2] = { NULL, NULL };

        attrs[0] = attr_name;

        va_start(ap, format);
        count = gendb_search_v(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, basedn, &res, attrs, format, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        if (count != 1) {
                return default_value;
        }

        return ldb_msg_find_attr_as_int64(res[0], attr_name, default_value);
}

/*
  search the sam for multipe records each giving a single string attribute
  return the number of matches, or -1 on error
*/
int samdb_search_string_multiple(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                                 TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                 struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                                 const char ***strs,
                                 const char *attr_name,
                                 const char *format, ...) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(6,7)
{
        va_list ap;
        int count, i;
        const char *attrs[2] = { NULL, NULL };
        struct ldb_message **res = NULL;

        attrs[0] = attr_name;

        va_start(ap, format);
        count = gendb_search_v(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, basedn, &res, attrs, format, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        if (count <= 0) {
                return count;
        }

        /* make sure its single valued */
        for (i=0;i<count;i++) {
                if (res[i]->num_elements != 1) {
                        DEBUG(1,("samdb: search for %s %s not single valued\n", 
                                 attr_name, format));
                        talloc_free(res);
                        return -1;
                }
        }

        *strs = talloc_array(mem_ctx, const char *, count+1);
        if (! *strs) {
                talloc_free(res);
                return -1;
        }

        for (i=0;i<count;i++) {
                (*strs)[i] = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_string(res[i], attr_name, NULL);
        }
        (*strs)[count] = NULL;

        return count;
}

struct ldb_dn *samdb_result_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const struct ldb_message *msg,
                               const char *attr, struct ldb_dn *default_value)
{
        struct ldb_dn *ret_dn = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, msg, attr);
        if (!ret_dn) {
                return default_value;
        }
        return ret_dn;
}

/*
  pull a rid from a objectSid in a result set. 
*/
uint32_t samdb_result_rid_from_sid(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const struct ldb_message *msg, 
                                   const char *attr, uint32_t default_value)
{
        struct dom_sid *sid;
        uint32_t rid;

        sid = samdb_result_dom_sid(mem_ctx, msg, attr);
        if (sid == NULL) {
                return default_value;
        }
        rid = sid->sub_auths[sid->num_auths-1];
        talloc_free(sid);
        return rid;
}

/*
  pull a dom_sid structure from a objectSid in a result set. 
*/
struct dom_sid *samdb_result_dom_sid(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const struct ldb_message *msg, 
                                     const char *attr)
{
        bool ok;
        const struct ldb_val *v;
        struct dom_sid *sid;
        v = ldb_msg_find_ldb_val(msg, attr);
        if (v == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }
        sid = talloc(mem_ctx, struct dom_sid);
        if (sid == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }
        ok = sid_parse(v->data, v->length, sid);
        if (!ok) {
                talloc_free(sid);
                return NULL;
        }
        return sid;
}

/*
  pull a guid structure from a objectGUID in a result set. 
*/
struct GUID samdb_result_guid(const struct ldb_message *msg, const char *attr)
{
        const struct ldb_val *v;
        struct GUID guid;
        NTSTATUS status;

        v = ldb_msg_find_ldb_val(msg, attr);
        if (!v) return GUID_zero();

        status = GUID_from_ndr_blob(v, &guid);
        if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(status)) {
                return GUID_zero();
        }

        return guid;
}

/*
  pull a sid prefix from a objectSid in a result set. 
  this is used to find the domain sid for a user
*/
struct dom_sid *samdb_result_sid_prefix(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const struct ldb_message *msg, 
                                        const char *attr)
{
        struct dom_sid *sid = samdb_result_dom_sid(mem_ctx, msg, attr);
        if (!sid || sid->num_auths < 1) return NULL;
        sid->num_auths--;
        return sid;
}

/*
  pull a NTTIME in a result set. 
*/
NTTIME samdb_result_nttime(const struct ldb_message *msg, const char *attr,
                           NTTIME default_value)
{
        return ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint64(msg, attr, default_value);
}

/*
 * Windows stores 0 for lastLogoff.
 * But when a MS DC return the lastLogoff (as Logoff Time)
 * it returns 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, not returning this value in this case
 * cause windows 2008 and newer version to fail for SMB requests
 */
NTTIME samdb_result_last_logoff(const struct ldb_message *msg)
{
        NTTIME ret = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint64(msg, "lastLogoff",0);

        if (ret == 0)
                ret = 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Windows uses both 0 and 9223372036854775807 (0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL) to
 * indicate an account doesn't expire.
 *
 * When Windows initially creates an account, it sets
 * accountExpires = 9223372036854775807 (0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF).  However,
 * when changing from an account having a specific expiration date to
 * that account never expiring, it sets accountExpires = 0.
 *
 * Consolidate that logic here to allow clearer logic for account expiry in
 * the rest of the code.
 */
NTTIME samdb_result_account_expires(const struct ldb_message *msg)
{
        NTTIME ret = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint64(msg, "accountExpires",
                                                 0);

        if (ret == 0)
                ret = 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;

        return ret;
}

/*
  construct the allow_password_change field from the PwdLastSet attribute and the 
  domain password settings
*/
NTTIME samdb_result_allow_password_change(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, 
                                          TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, 
                                          struct ldb_dn *domain_dn, 
                                          struct ldb_message *msg, 
                                          const char *attr)
{
        uint64_t attr_time = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint64(msg, attr, 0);
        int64_t minPwdAge;

        if (attr_time == 0) {
                return 0;
        }

        minPwdAge = samdb_search_int64(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, 0, domain_dn, "minPwdAge", NULL);

        /* yes, this is a -= not a += as minPwdAge is stored as the negative
           of the number of 100-nano-seconds */
        attr_time -= minPwdAge;

        return attr_time;
}

/*
  construct the force_password_change field from the PwdLastSet
  attribute, the userAccountControl and the domain password settings
*/
NTTIME samdb_result_force_password_change(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, 
                                          TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, 
                                          struct ldb_dn *domain_dn, 
                                          struct ldb_message *msg)
{
        int64_t attr_time = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_int64(msg, "pwdLastSet", 0);
        uint32_t userAccountControl = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint(msg,
                                                                "userAccountControl",
                                                                0);
        int64_t maxPwdAge;

        /* Machine accounts don't expire, and there is a flag for 'no expiry' */
        if (!(userAccountControl & UF_NORMAL_ACCOUNT)
            || (userAccountControl & UF_DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWD)) {
                return 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;
        }

        if (attr_time == 0) {
                return 0;
        }
        if (attr_time == -1) {
                return 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;
        }

        maxPwdAge = samdb_search_int64(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, 0, domain_dn,
                                       "maxPwdAge", NULL);
        if (maxPwdAge == 0 || maxPwdAge == -0x8000000000000000ULL) {
                return 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;
        } else {
                attr_time -= maxPwdAge;
        }

        return attr_time;
}

/*
  pull a samr_Password structutre from a result set. 
*/
struct samr_Password *samdb_result_hash(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const struct ldb_message *msg, const char *attr)
{
        struct samr_Password *hash = NULL;
        const struct ldb_val *val = ldb_msg_find_ldb_val(msg, attr);
        if (val && (val->length >= sizeof(hash->hash))) {
                hash = talloc(mem_ctx, struct samr_Password);
                memcpy(hash->hash, val->data, MIN(val->length, sizeof(hash->hash)));
        }
        return hash;
}

/*
  pull an array of samr_Password structures from a result set.
*/
unsigned int samdb_result_hashes(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const struct ldb_message *msg,
                           const char *attr, struct samr_Password **hashes)
{
        unsigned int count, i;
        const struct ldb_val *val = ldb_msg_find_ldb_val(msg, attr);

        *hashes = NULL;
        if (!val) {
                return 0;
        }
        count = val->length / 16;
        if (count == 0) {
                return 0;
        }

        *hashes = talloc_array(mem_ctx, struct samr_Password, count);
        if (! *hashes) {
                return 0;
        }

        for (i=0;i<count;i++) {
                memcpy((*hashes)[i].hash, (i*16)+(char *)val->data, 16);
        }

        return count;
}

NTSTATUS samdb_result_passwords_from_history(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                             struct loadparm_context *lp_ctx,
                                             struct ldb_message *msg,
                                             unsigned int idx,
                                             struct samr_Password **lm_pwd,
                                             struct samr_Password **nt_pwd)
{
        struct samr_Password *lmPwdHash, *ntPwdHash;

        if (nt_pwd) {
                unsigned int num_nt;
                num_nt = samdb_result_hashes(mem_ctx, msg, "ntPwdHistory", &ntPwdHash);
                if (num_nt <= idx) {
                        *nt_pwd = NULL;
                } else {
                        *nt_pwd = &ntPwdHash[idx];
                }
        }
        if (lm_pwd) {
                /* Ensure that if we have turned off LM
                 * authentication, that we never use the LM hash, even
                 * if we store it */
                if (lpcfg_lanman_auth(lp_ctx)) {
                        unsigned int num_lm;
                        num_lm = samdb_result_hashes(mem_ctx, msg, "lmPwdHistory", &lmPwdHash);
                        if (num_lm <= idx) {
                                *lm_pwd = NULL;
                        } else {
                                *lm_pwd = &lmPwdHash[idx];
                        }
                } else {
                        *lm_pwd = NULL;
                }
        }
        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}

NTSTATUS samdb_result_passwords_no_lockout(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                           struct loadparm_context *lp_ctx,
                                           struct ldb_message *msg,
                                           struct samr_Password **lm_pwd,
                                           struct samr_Password **nt_pwd)
{
        struct samr_Password *lmPwdHash, *ntPwdHash;

        if (nt_pwd) {
                unsigned int num_nt;
                num_nt = samdb_result_hashes(mem_ctx, msg, "unicodePwd", &ntPwdHash);
                if (num_nt == 0) {
                        *nt_pwd = NULL;
                } else if (num_nt > 1) {
                        return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION;
                } else {
                        *nt_pwd = &ntPwdHash[0];
                }
        }
        if (lm_pwd) {
                /* Ensure that if we have turned off LM
                 * authentication, that we never use the LM hash, even
                 * if we store it */
                if (lpcfg_lanman_auth(lp_ctx)) {
                        unsigned int num_lm;
                        num_lm = samdb_result_hashes(mem_ctx, msg, "dBCSPwd", &lmPwdHash);
                        if (num_lm == 0) {
                                *lm_pwd = NULL;
                        } else if (num_lm > 1) {
                                return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION;
                        } else {
                                *lm_pwd = &lmPwdHash[0];
                        }
                } else {
                        *lm_pwd = NULL;
                }
        }
        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}

NTSTATUS samdb_result_passwords(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                struct loadparm_context *lp_ctx,
                                struct ldb_message *msg,
                                struct samr_Password **lm_pwd,
                                struct samr_Password **nt_pwd)
{
        uint16_t acct_flags;

        acct_flags = samdb_result_acct_flags(msg,
                                             "msDS-User-Account-Control-Computed");
        /* Quit if the account was locked out. */
        if (acct_flags & ACB_AUTOLOCK) {
                DEBUG(3,("samdb_result_passwords: Account for user %s was locked out.\n",
                         ldb_dn_get_linearized(msg->dn)));
                return NT_STATUS_ACCOUNT_LOCKED_OUT;
        }

        return samdb_result_passwords_no_lockout(mem_ctx, lp_ctx, msg,
                                                 lm_pwd, nt_pwd);
}

/*
  pull a samr_LogonHours structutre from a result set. 
*/
struct samr_LogonHours samdb_result_logon_hours(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg, const char *attr)
{
        struct samr_LogonHours hours;
        size_t units_per_week = 168;
        const struct ldb_val *val = ldb_msg_find_ldb_val(msg, attr);

        ZERO_STRUCT(hours);

        if (val) {
                units_per_week = val->length * 8;
        }

        hours.bits = talloc_array(mem_ctx, uint8_t, units_per_week/8);
        if (!hours.bits) {
                return hours;
        }
        hours.units_per_week = units_per_week;
        memset(hours.bits, 0xFF, units_per_week/8);
        if (val) {
                memcpy(hours.bits, val->data, val->length);
        }

        return hours;
}

/*
  pull a set of account_flags from a result set. 

  Naturally, this requires that userAccountControl and
  (if not null) the attributes 'attr' be already
  included in msg
*/
uint32_t samdb_result_acct_flags(struct ldb_message *msg, const char *attr)
{
        uint32_t userAccountControl = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint(msg, "userAccountControl", 0);
        uint32_t attr_flags = 0;
        uint32_t acct_flags = ds_uf2acb(userAccountControl);
        if (attr) {
                attr_flags = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint(msg, attr, UF_ACCOUNTDISABLE);
                if (attr_flags == UF_ACCOUNTDISABLE) {
                        DEBUG(0, ("Attribute %s not found, disabling account %s!\n", attr,
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(msg->dn)));
                }
                acct_flags |= ds_uf2acb(attr_flags);
        }

        return acct_flags;
}

NTSTATUS samdb_result_parameters(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                 struct ldb_message *msg,
                                 const char *attr,
                                 struct lsa_BinaryString *s)
{
        int i;
        const struct ldb_val *val = ldb_msg_find_ldb_val(msg, attr);

        ZERO_STRUCTP(s);

        if (!val) {
                return NT_STATUS_OK;
        }

        if ((val->length % 2) != 0) {
                /*
                 * If the on-disk data is not even in length, we know
                 * it is corrupt, and can not be safely pushed.  We
                 * would either truncate, send either a un-initilaised
                 * byte or send a forced zero byte
                 */
                return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION;
        }

        s->array = talloc_array(mem_ctx, uint16_t, val->length/2);
        if (!s->array) {
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }
        s->length = s->size = val->length;

        /* The on-disk format is the 'network' format, being UTF16LE (sort of) */
        for (i = 0; i < s->length / 2; i++) {
                s->array[i] = SVAL(val->data, i * 2);
        }

        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}

/* Find an attribute, with a particular value */

/* The current callers of this function expect a very specific
 * behaviour: In particular, objectClass subclass equivilance is not
 * wanted.  This means that we should not lookup the schema for the
 * comparison function */
struct ldb_message_element *samdb_find_attribute(struct ldb_context *ldb, 
                                                 const struct ldb_message *msg, 
                                                 const char *name, const char *value)
{
        unsigned int i;
        struct ldb_message_element *el = ldb_msg_find_element(msg, name);

        if (!el) {
                return NULL;
        }

        for (i=0;i<el->num_values;i++) {
                if (ldb_attr_cmp(value, (char *)el->values[i].data) == 0) {
                        return el;
                }
        }

        return NULL;
}

int samdb_find_or_add_attribute(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_message *msg, const char *name, const char *set_value)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_message_element *el;

        el = ldb_msg_find_element(msg, name);
        if (el) {
                return LDB_SUCCESS;
        }

        ret = ldb_msg_add_string(msg, name, set_value);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }
        msg->elements[msg->num_elements - 1].flags = LDB_FLAG_MOD_ADD;
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  add a dom_sid element to a message
*/
int samdb_msg_add_dom_sid(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                          const char *attr_name, const struct dom_sid *sid)
{
        struct ldb_val v;
        enum ndr_err_code ndr_err;

        ndr_err = ndr_push_struct_blob(&v, mem_ctx, 
                                       sid,
                                       (ndr_push_flags_fn_t)ndr_push_dom_sid);
        if (!NDR_ERR_CODE_IS_SUCCESS(ndr_err)) {
                return ldb_operr(sam_ldb);
        }
        return ldb_msg_add_value(msg, attr_name, &v, NULL);
}


/*
  add a delete element operation to a message
*/
int samdb_msg_add_delete(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                         const char *attr_name)
{
        /* we use an empty replace rather than a delete, as it allows for 
           dsdb_replace() to be used everywhere */
        return ldb_msg_add_empty(msg, attr_name, LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE, NULL);
}

/*
  add an add attribute value to a message or enhance an existing attribute
  which has the same name and the add flag set.
*/
int samdb_msg_add_addval(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                         struct ldb_message *msg, const char *attr_name,
                         const char *value)
{
        struct ldb_message_element *el;
        struct ldb_val val, *vals;
        char *v;
        unsigned int i;
        bool found = false;
        int ret;

        v = talloc_strdup(mem_ctx, value);
        if (v == NULL) {
                return ldb_oom(sam_ldb);
        }

        val.data = (uint8_t *) v;
        val.length = strlen(v);

        if (val.length == 0) {
                /* allow empty strings as non-existent attributes */
                return LDB_SUCCESS;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < msg->num_elements; i++) {
                el = &msg->elements[i];
                if ((ldb_attr_cmp(el->name, attr_name) == 0) &&
                    (LDB_FLAG_MOD_TYPE(el->flags) == LDB_FLAG_MOD_ADD)) {
                        found = true;
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (!found) {
                ret = ldb_msg_add_empty(msg, attr_name, LDB_FLAG_MOD_ADD,
                                        &el);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        vals = talloc_realloc(msg->elements, el->values, struct ldb_val,
                              el->num_values + 1);
        if (vals == NULL) {
                return ldb_oom(sam_ldb);
        }
        el->values = vals;
        el->values[el->num_values] = val;
        ++(el->num_values);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  add a delete attribute value to a message or enhance an existing attribute
  which has the same name and the delete flag set.
*/
int samdb_msg_add_delval(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                         struct ldb_message *msg, const char *attr_name,
                         const char *value)
{
        struct ldb_message_element *el;
        struct ldb_val val, *vals;
        char *v;
        unsigned int i;
        bool found = false;
        int ret;

        v = talloc_strdup(mem_ctx, value);
        if (v == NULL) {
                return ldb_oom(sam_ldb);
        }

        val.data = (uint8_t *) v;
        val.length = strlen(v);

        if (val.length == 0) {
                /* allow empty strings as non-existent attributes */
                return LDB_SUCCESS;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < msg->num_elements; i++) {
                el = &msg->elements[i];
                if ((ldb_attr_cmp(el->name, attr_name) == 0) &&
                    (LDB_FLAG_MOD_TYPE(el->flags) == LDB_FLAG_MOD_DELETE)) {
                        found = true;
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (!found) {
                ret = ldb_msg_add_empty(msg, attr_name, LDB_FLAG_MOD_DELETE,
                                        &el);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        vals = talloc_realloc(msg->elements, el->values, struct ldb_val,
                              el->num_values + 1);
        if (vals == NULL) {
                return ldb_oom(sam_ldb);
        }
        el->values = vals;
        el->values[el->num_values] = val;
        ++(el->num_values);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  add a int element to a message
*/
int samdb_msg_add_int(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                       const char *attr_name, int v)
{
        const char *s = talloc_asprintf(mem_ctx, "%d", v);
        if (s == NULL) {
                return ldb_oom(sam_ldb);
        }
        return ldb_msg_add_string(msg, attr_name, s);
}

/*
 * Add an unsigned int element to a message
 *
 * The issue here is that we have not yet first cast to int32_t explicitly,
 * before we cast to an signed int to printf() into the %d or cast to a
 * int64_t before we then cast to a long long to printf into a %lld.
 *
 * There are *no* unsigned integers in Active Directory LDAP, even the RID
 * allocations and ms-DS-Secondary-KrbTgt-Number are *signed* quantities.
 * (See the schema, and the syntax definitions in schema_syntax.c).
 *
 */
int samdb_msg_add_uint(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                       const char *attr_name, unsigned int v)
{
        return samdb_msg_add_int(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, msg, attr_name, (int)v);
}

/*
  add a (signed) int64_t element to a message
*/
int samdb_msg_add_int64(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                        const char *attr_name, int64_t v)
{
        const char *s = talloc_asprintf(mem_ctx, "%lld", (long long)v);
        if (s == NULL) {
                return ldb_oom(sam_ldb);
        }
        return ldb_msg_add_string(msg, attr_name, s);
}

/*
 * Add an unsigned int64_t (uint64_t) element to a message
 *
 * The issue here is that we have not yet first cast to int32_t explicitly,
 * before we cast to an signed int to printf() into the %d or cast to a
 * int64_t before we then cast to a long long to printf into a %lld.
 *
 * There are *no* unsigned integers in Active Directory LDAP, even the RID
 * allocations and ms-DS-Secondary-KrbTgt-Number are *signed* quantities.
 * (See the schema, and the syntax definitions in schema_syntax.c).
 *
 */
int samdb_msg_add_uint64(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                        const char *attr_name, uint64_t v)
{
        return samdb_msg_add_int64(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, msg, attr_name, (int64_t)v);
}

/*
  add a samr_Password element to a message
*/
int samdb_msg_add_hash(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                       const char *attr_name, const struct samr_Password *hash)
{
        struct ldb_val val;
        val.data = talloc_memdup(mem_ctx, hash->hash, 16);
        if (!val.data) {
                return ldb_oom(sam_ldb);
        }
        val.length = 16;
        return ldb_msg_add_value(msg, attr_name, &val, NULL);
}

/*
  add a samr_Password array to a message
*/
int samdb_msg_add_hashes(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                         TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                         const char *attr_name, struct samr_Password *hashes,
                         unsigned int count)
{
        struct ldb_val val;
        unsigned int i;
        val.data = talloc_array_size(mem_ctx, 16, count);
        val.length = count*16;
        if (!val.data) {
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }
        for (i=0;i<count;i++) {
                memcpy(i*16 + (char *)val.data, hashes[i].hash, 16);
        }
        return ldb_msg_add_value(msg, attr_name, &val, NULL);
}

/*
  add a acct_flags element to a message
*/
int samdb_msg_add_acct_flags(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                             const char *attr_name, uint32_t v)
{
        return samdb_msg_add_uint(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, msg, attr_name, ds_acb2uf(v));
}

/*
  add a logon_hours element to a message
*/
int samdb_msg_add_logon_hours(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                              const char *attr_name, struct samr_LogonHours *hours)
{
        struct ldb_val val;
        val.length = hours->units_per_week / 8;
        val.data = hours->bits;
        return ldb_msg_add_value(msg, attr_name, &val, NULL);
}

/*
  add a parameters element to a message
*/
int samdb_msg_add_parameters(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_message *msg,
                             const char *attr_name, struct lsa_BinaryString *parameters)
{
        int i;
        struct ldb_val val;
        if ((parameters->length % 2) != 0) {
                return LDB_ERR_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_SYNTAX;
        }

        val.data = talloc_array(mem_ctx, uint8_t, parameters->length);
        if (val.data == NULL) {
                return LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
        }
        val.length = parameters->length;
        for (i = 0; i < parameters->length / 2; i++) {
                /*
                 * The on-disk format needs to be in the 'network'
                 * format, parmeters->array is a uint16_t array of
                 * length parameters->length / 2
                 */
                SSVAL(val.data, i * 2, parameters->array[i]);
        }
        return ldb_msg_add_steal_value(msg, attr_name, &val);
}

/*
 * Sets an unsigned int element in a message
 *
 * The issue here is that we have not yet first cast to int32_t explicitly,
 * before we cast to an signed int to printf() into the %d or cast to a
 * int64_t before we then cast to a long long to printf into a %lld.
 *
 * There are *no* unsigned integers in Active Directory LDAP, even the RID
 * allocations and ms-DS-Secondary-KrbTgt-Number are *signed* quantities.
 * (See the schema, and the syntax definitions in schema_syntax.c).
 *
 */
int samdb_msg_set_uint(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                       struct ldb_message *msg, const char *attr_name,
                       unsigned int v)
{
        struct ldb_message_element *el;

        el = ldb_msg_find_element(msg, attr_name);
        if (el) {
                el->num_values = 0;
        }
        return samdb_msg_add_uint(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, msg, attr_name, v);
}

/*
 * Handle ldb_request in transaction
 */
int dsdb_autotransaction_request(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                                 struct ldb_request *req)
{
        int ret;

        ret = ldb_transaction_start(sam_ldb);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }

        ret = ldb_request(sam_ldb, req);
        if (ret == LDB_SUCCESS) {
                ret = ldb_wait(req->handle, LDB_WAIT_ALL);
        }

        if (ret == LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ldb_transaction_commit(sam_ldb);
        }
        ldb_transaction_cancel(sam_ldb);

        return ret;
}

/*
  return a default security descriptor
*/
struct security_descriptor *samdb_default_security_descriptor(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
        struct security_descriptor *sd;

        sd = security_descriptor_initialise(mem_ctx);

        return sd;
}

struct ldb_dn *samdb_aggregate_schema_dn(struct ldb_context *sam_ctx, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx) 
{
        struct ldb_dn *schema_dn = ldb_get_schema_basedn(sam_ctx);
        struct ldb_dn *aggregate_dn;
        if (!schema_dn) {
                return NULL;
        }

        aggregate_dn = ldb_dn_copy(mem_ctx, schema_dn);
        if (!aggregate_dn) {
                return NULL;
        }
        if (!ldb_dn_add_child_fmt(aggregate_dn, "CN=Aggregate")) {
                return NULL;
        }
        return aggregate_dn;
}

struct ldb_dn *samdb_partitions_dn(struct ldb_context *sam_ctx, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
        struct ldb_dn *new_dn;

        new_dn = ldb_dn_copy(mem_ctx, ldb_get_config_basedn(sam_ctx));
        if ( ! ldb_dn_add_child_fmt(new_dn, "CN=Partitions")) {
                talloc_free(new_dn);
                return NULL;
        }
        return new_dn;
}

struct ldb_dn *samdb_infrastructure_dn(struct ldb_context *sam_ctx, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
       struct ldb_dn *new_dn;

       new_dn = ldb_dn_copy(mem_ctx, ldb_get_default_basedn(sam_ctx));
       if ( ! ldb_dn_add_child_fmt(new_dn, "CN=Infrastructure")) {
               talloc_free(new_dn);
               return NULL;
       }
       return new_dn;
}

struct ldb_dn *samdb_sites_dn(struct ldb_context *sam_ctx, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
        struct ldb_dn *new_dn;

        new_dn = ldb_dn_copy(mem_ctx, ldb_get_config_basedn(sam_ctx));
        if ( ! ldb_dn_add_child_fmt(new_dn, "CN=Sites")) {
                talloc_free(new_dn);
                return NULL;
        }
        return new_dn;
}

/*
  work out the domain sid for the current open ldb
*/
const struct dom_sid *samdb_domain_sid(struct ldb_context *ldb)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        const struct dom_sid *domain_sid;
        const char *attrs[] = {
                "objectSid",
                NULL
        };
        struct ldb_result *res;
        int ret;

        /* see if we have a cached copy */
        domain_sid = (struct dom_sid *)ldb_get_opaque(ldb, "cache.domain_sid");
        if (domain_sid) {
                return domain_sid;
        }

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        ret = ldb_search(ldb, tmp_ctx, &res, ldb_get_default_basedn(ldb), LDB_SCOPE_BASE, attrs, "objectSid=*");

        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        if (res->count != 1) {
                goto failed;
        }

        domain_sid = samdb_result_dom_sid(tmp_ctx, res->msgs[0], "objectSid");
        if (domain_sid == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        /* cache the domain_sid in the ldb */
        if (ldb_set_opaque(ldb, "cache.domain_sid", discard_const_p(struct dom_sid, domain_sid)) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        talloc_steal(ldb, domain_sid);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

        return domain_sid;

failed:
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return NULL;
}

/*
  get domain sid from cache
*/
const struct dom_sid *samdb_domain_sid_cache_only(struct ldb_context *ldb)
{
        return (struct dom_sid *)ldb_get_opaque(ldb, "cache.domain_sid");
}

bool samdb_set_domain_sid(struct ldb_context *ldb, const struct dom_sid *dom_sid_in)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        struct dom_sid *dom_sid_new;
        struct dom_sid *dom_sid_old;

        /* see if we have a cached copy */
        dom_sid_old = talloc_get_type(ldb_get_opaque(ldb, 
                                                     "cache.domain_sid"), struct dom_sid);

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        dom_sid_new = dom_sid_dup(tmp_ctx, dom_sid_in);
        if (!dom_sid_new) {
                goto failed;
        }

        /* cache the domain_sid in the ldb */
        if (ldb_set_opaque(ldb, "cache.domain_sid", dom_sid_new) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        talloc_steal(ldb, dom_sid_new);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        talloc_free(dom_sid_old);

        return true;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to set our own cached domain SID in the ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return false;
}

bool samdb_set_ntds_settings_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_dn *ntds_settings_dn_in)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        struct ldb_dn *ntds_settings_dn_new;
        struct ldb_dn *ntds_settings_dn_old;

        /* see if we have a forced copy from provision */
        ntds_settings_dn_old = talloc_get_type(ldb_get_opaque(ldb, 
                                                              "forced.ntds_settings_dn"), struct ldb_dn);

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        ntds_settings_dn_new = ldb_dn_copy(tmp_ctx, ntds_settings_dn_in);
        if (!ntds_settings_dn_new) {
                goto failed;
        }

        /* set the DN in the ldb to avoid lookups during provision */
        if (ldb_set_opaque(ldb, "forced.ntds_settings_dn", ntds_settings_dn_new) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        talloc_steal(ldb, ntds_settings_dn_new);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        talloc_free(ntds_settings_dn_old);

        return true;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to set our NTDS Settings DN in the ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return false;
}

/*
  work out the ntds settings dn for the current open ldb
*/
struct ldb_dn *samdb_ntds_settings_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        const char *root_attrs[] = { "dsServiceName", NULL };
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *root_res;
        struct ldb_dn *settings_dn;

        /* see if we have a cached copy */
        settings_dn = (struct ldb_dn *)ldb_get_opaque(ldb, "forced.ntds_settings_dn");
        if (settings_dn) {
                return ldb_dn_copy(mem_ctx, settings_dn);
        }

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        ret = ldb_search(ldb, tmp_ctx, &root_res, ldb_dn_new(tmp_ctx, ldb, ""), LDB_SCOPE_BASE, root_attrs, NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(1,("Searching for dsServiceName in rootDSE failed: %s\n", 
                         ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                goto failed;
        }

        if (root_res->count != 1) {
                goto failed;
        }

        settings_dn = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, root_res->msgs[0], "dsServiceName");

        /* note that we do not cache the DN here, as that would mean
         * we could not handle server renames at runtime. Only
         * provision sets up forced.ntds_settings_dn */

        talloc_steal(mem_ctx, settings_dn);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

        return settings_dn;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to find our own NTDS Settings DN in the ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return NULL;
}

/*
  work out the ntds settings invocationId for the current open ldb
*/
const struct GUID *samdb_ntds_invocation_id(struct ldb_context *ldb)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        const char *attrs[] = { "invocationId", NULL };
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        struct GUID *invocation_id;

        /* see if we have a cached copy */
        invocation_id = (struct GUID *)ldb_get_opaque(ldb, "cache.invocation_id");
        if (invocation_id) {
                SMB_ASSERT(!GUID_all_zero(invocation_id));
                return invocation_id;
        }

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        ret = ldb_search(ldb, tmp_ctx, &res, samdb_ntds_settings_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx), LDB_SCOPE_BASE, attrs, NULL);
        if (ret) {
                goto failed;
        }

        if (res->count != 1) {
                goto failed;
        }

        invocation_id = talloc(tmp_ctx, struct GUID);
        if (!invocation_id) {
                goto failed;
        }

        *invocation_id = samdb_result_guid(res->msgs[0], "invocationId");
        if (GUID_all_zero(invocation_id)) {
                if (ldb_msg_find_ldb_val(res->msgs[0], "invocationId")) {
                        DEBUG(0, ("Failed to find our own NTDS Settings invocationId in the ldb!\n"));  
                } else {
                        DEBUG(0, ("Failed to find parse own NTDS Settings invocationId from the ldb!\n"));
                }
                goto failed;
        }

        /* cache the domain_sid in the ldb */
        if (ldb_set_opaque(ldb, "cache.invocation_id", invocation_id) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        talloc_steal(ldb, invocation_id);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

        return invocation_id;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to find our own NTDS Settings invocationId in the ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return NULL;
}

bool samdb_set_ntds_invocation_id(struct ldb_context *ldb, const struct GUID *invocation_id_in)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        struct GUID *invocation_id_new;
        struct GUID *invocation_id_old;

        /* see if we have a cached copy */
        invocation_id_old = (struct GUID *)ldb_get_opaque(ldb, 
                                                         "cache.invocation_id");

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        invocation_id_new = talloc(tmp_ctx, struct GUID);
        if (!invocation_id_new) {
                goto failed;
        }

        SMB_ASSERT(!GUID_all_zero(invocation_id_in));
        *invocation_id_new = *invocation_id_in;

        /* cache the domain_sid in the ldb */
        if (ldb_set_opaque(ldb, "cache.invocation_id", invocation_id_new) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        talloc_steal(ldb, invocation_id_new);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        talloc_free(invocation_id_old);

        return true;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to set our own cached invocationId in the ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return false;
}

/*
  work out the ntds settings objectGUID for the current open ldb
*/
const struct GUID *samdb_ntds_objectGUID(struct ldb_context *ldb)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        const char *attrs[] = { "objectGUID", NULL };
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        struct GUID *ntds_guid;

        /* see if we have a cached copy */
        ntds_guid = (struct GUID *)ldb_get_opaque(ldb, "cache.ntds_guid");
        if (ntds_guid) {
                return ntds_guid;
        }

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        ret = ldb_search(ldb, tmp_ctx, &res, samdb_ntds_settings_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx), LDB_SCOPE_BASE, attrs, NULL);
        if (ret) {
                goto failed;
        }

        if (res->count != 1) {
                goto failed;
        }

        ntds_guid = talloc(tmp_ctx, struct GUID);
        if (!ntds_guid) {
                goto failed;
        }

        *ntds_guid = samdb_result_guid(res->msgs[0], "objectGUID");

        /* cache the domain_sid in the ldb */
        if (ldb_set_opaque(ldb, "cache.ntds_guid", ntds_guid) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        talloc_steal(ldb, ntds_guid);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

        return ntds_guid;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to find our own NTDS Settings objectGUID in the ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return NULL;
}

bool samdb_set_ntds_objectGUID(struct ldb_context *ldb, const struct GUID *ntds_guid_in)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        struct GUID *ntds_guid_new;
        struct GUID *ntds_guid_old;

        /* see if we have a cached copy */
        ntds_guid_old = (struct GUID *)ldb_get_opaque(ldb, "cache.ntds_guid");

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        ntds_guid_new = talloc(tmp_ctx, struct GUID);
        if (!ntds_guid_new) {
                goto failed;
        }

        *ntds_guid_new = *ntds_guid_in;

        /* cache the domain_sid in the ldb */
        if (ldb_set_opaque(ldb, "cache.ntds_guid", ntds_guid_new) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        talloc_steal(ldb, ntds_guid_new);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        talloc_free(ntds_guid_old);

        return true;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to set our own cached invocationId in the ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return false;
}

/*
  work out the server dn for the current open ldb
*/
struct ldb_dn *samdb_server_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);
        struct ldb_dn *dn;
        if (!tmp_ctx) {
                return NULL;
        }
        dn = ldb_dn_get_parent(mem_ctx, samdb_ntds_settings_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return dn;
        
}

/*
  work out the server dn for the current open ldb
*/
struct ldb_dn *samdb_server_site_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
        struct ldb_dn *server_dn;
        struct ldb_dn *servers_dn;
        struct ldb_dn *server_site_dn;

        /* TODO: there must be a saner way to do this!! */
        server_dn = samdb_server_dn(ldb, mem_ctx);
        if (!server_dn) return NULL;

        servers_dn = ldb_dn_get_parent(mem_ctx, server_dn);
        talloc_free(server_dn);
        if (!servers_dn) return NULL;

        server_site_dn = ldb_dn_get_parent(mem_ctx, servers_dn);
        talloc_free(servers_dn);

        return server_site_dn;
}

/*
  find the site name from a computers DN record
 */
int samdb_find_site_for_computer(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                                 TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn *computer_dn,
                                 const char **site_name)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_dn *dn;
        const struct ldb_val *rdn_val;

        *site_name = NULL;

        ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, computer_dn, "serverReferenceBL", &dn);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }

        if (!ldb_dn_remove_child_components(dn, 2)) {
                talloc_free(dn);
                return LDB_ERR_INVALID_DN_SYNTAX;
        }

        rdn_val = ldb_dn_get_rdn_val(dn);
        if (rdn_val == NULL) {
                return LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
        }

        (*site_name) = talloc_strndup(mem_ctx, (const char *)rdn_val->data, rdn_val->length);
        talloc_free(dn);
        if (!*site_name) {
                return LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
        }
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  find the NTDS GUID from a computers DN record
 */
int samdb_find_ntdsguid_for_computer(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_dn *computer_dn,
                                     struct GUID *ntds_guid)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_dn *dn;

        *ntds_guid = GUID_zero();

        ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, ldb, computer_dn, "serverReferenceBL", &dn);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }

        if (!ldb_dn_add_child_fmt(dn, "CN=NTDS Settings")) {
                talloc_free(dn);
                return LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
        }

        ret = dsdb_find_guid_by_dn(ldb, dn, ntds_guid);
        talloc_free(dn);
        return ret;
}

/*
  find a 'reference' DN that points at another object
  (eg. serverReference, rIDManagerReference etc)
 */
int samdb_reference_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn *base,
                       const char *attribute, struct ldb_dn **dn)
{
        const char *attrs[2];
        struct ldb_result *res;
        int ret;

        attrs[0] = attribute;
        attrs[1] = NULL;

        ret = dsdb_search(ldb, mem_ctx, &res, base, LDB_SCOPE_BASE, attrs, DSDB_SEARCH_ONE_ONLY|DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_EXTENDED_DN, NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                ldb_asprintf_errstring(ldb, "Cannot find DN %s to get attribute %s for reference dn: %s",
                                       ldb_dn_get_linearized(base), attribute, ldb_errstring(ldb));
                return ret;
        }

        *dn = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, res->msgs[0], attribute);
        if (!*dn) {
                if (!ldb_msg_find_element(res->msgs[0], attribute)) {
                        ldb_asprintf_errstring(ldb, "Cannot find attribute %s of %s to calculate reference dn", attribute,
                                               ldb_dn_get_linearized(base));
                } else {
                        ldb_asprintf_errstring(ldb, "Cannot interpret attribute %s of %s as a dn", attribute,
                                               ldb_dn_get_linearized(base));
                }
                talloc_free(res);
                return LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_ATTRIBUTE;
        }

        talloc_free(res);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  find if a DN (must have GUID component!) is our ntdsDsa
 */
int samdb_dn_is_our_ntdsa(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_dn *dn, bool *is_ntdsa)
{
        NTSTATUS status;
        struct GUID dn_guid;
        const struct GUID *our_ntds_guid;
        status = dsdb_get_extended_dn_guid(dn, &dn_guid, "GUID");
        if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(status)) {
                return LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
        }

        our_ntds_guid = samdb_ntds_objectGUID(ldb);
        if (!our_ntds_guid) {
                DEBUG(0, ("Failed to find our NTDS Settings GUID for comparison with %s - %s\n", ldb_dn_get_linearized(dn), ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                return LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
        }

        *is_ntdsa = GUID_equal(&dn_guid, our_ntds_guid);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  find a 'reference' DN that points at another object and indicate if it is our ntdsDsa
 */
int samdb_reference_dn_is_our_ntdsa(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_dn *base,
                                    const char *attribute, bool *is_ntdsa)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_dn *referenced_dn;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                return LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
        }
        ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, base, attribute, &referenced_dn);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(0, ("Failed to find object %s for attribute %s - %s\n", ldb_dn_get_linearized(base), attribute, ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                return ret;
        }

        ret = samdb_dn_is_our_ntdsa(ldb, referenced_dn, is_ntdsa);
        
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return ret;
}

/*
  find our machine account via the serverReference attribute in the
  server DN
 */
int samdb_server_reference_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn **dn)
{
        struct ldb_dn *server_dn;
        int ret;

        server_dn = samdb_server_dn(ldb, mem_ctx);
        if (server_dn == NULL) {
                return ldb_error(ldb, LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT, __func__);
        }

        ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, server_dn, "serverReference", dn);
        talloc_free(server_dn);

        return ret;
}

/*
  find the RID Manager$ DN via the rIDManagerReference attribute in the
  base DN
 */
int samdb_rid_manager_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn **dn)
{
        return samdb_reference_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, ldb_get_default_basedn(ldb),
                                  "rIDManagerReference", dn);
}

/*
  find the RID Set DN via the rIDSetReferences attribute in our
  machine account DN
 */
int samdb_rid_set_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn **dn)
{
        struct ldb_dn *server_ref_dn;
        int ret;

        ret = samdb_server_reference_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, &server_ref_dn);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }
        ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, server_ref_dn, "rIDSetReferences", dn);
        talloc_free(server_ref_dn);
        return ret;
}

const char *samdb_server_site_name(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
        const struct ldb_val *val = ldb_dn_get_rdn_val(samdb_server_site_dn(ldb,
                                                                            mem_ctx));

        if (val == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }

        return (const char *) val->data;
}

/*
 * Finds the client site by using the client's IP address.
 * The "subnet_name" returns the name of the subnet if parameter != NULL
 */
const char *samdb_client_site_name(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                   const char *ip_address, char **subnet_name)
{
        const char *attrs[] = { "cn", "siteObject", NULL };
        struct ldb_dn *sites_container_dn, *subnets_dn, *sites_dn;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        const struct ldb_val *val;
        const char *site_name = NULL, *l_subnet_name = NULL;
        const char *allow_list[2] = { NULL, NULL };
        unsigned int i, count;
        int cnt, ret;

        /*
         * if we don't have a client ip e.g. ncalrpc
         * the server site is the client site
         */
        if (ip_address == NULL) {
                return samdb_server_site_name(ldb, mem_ctx);
        }

        sites_container_dn = samdb_sites_dn(ldb, mem_ctx);
        if (sites_container_dn == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }

        subnets_dn = ldb_dn_copy(mem_ctx, sites_container_dn);
        if ( ! ldb_dn_add_child_fmt(subnets_dn, "CN=Subnets")) {
                talloc_free(sites_container_dn);
                talloc_free(subnets_dn);
                return NULL;
        }

        ret = ldb_search(ldb, mem_ctx, &res, subnets_dn, LDB_SCOPE_ONELEVEL,
                         attrs, NULL);
        if (ret == LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT) {
                count = 0;
        } else if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(sites_container_dn);
                talloc_free(subnets_dn);
                return NULL;
        } else {
                count = res->count;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                l_subnet_name = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_string(res->msgs[i], "cn",
                                                            NULL);

                allow_list[0] = l_subnet_name;

                if (socket_allow_access(mem_ctx, NULL, allow_list, "", ip_address)) {
                        sites_dn = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_dn(ldb, mem_ctx,
                                                           res->msgs[i],
                                                           "siteObject");
                        if (sites_dn == NULL) {
                                /* No reference, maybe another subnet matches */
                                continue;
                        }

                        /* "val" cannot be NULL here since "sites_dn" != NULL */
                        val = ldb_dn_get_rdn_val(sites_dn);
                        site_name = talloc_strdup(mem_ctx,
                                                  (const char *) val->data);

                        talloc_free(sites_dn);

                        break;
                }
        }

        if (site_name == NULL) {
                /* This is the Windows Server fallback rule: when no subnet
                 * exists and we have only one site available then use it (it
                 * is for sure the same as our server site). If more sites do
                 * exist then we don't know which one to use and set the site
                 * name to "". */
                cnt = samdb_search_count(ldb, mem_ctx, sites_container_dn,
                                         "(objectClass=site)");
                if (cnt == 1) {
                        site_name = samdb_server_site_name(ldb, mem_ctx);
                } else {
                        site_name = talloc_strdup(mem_ctx, "");
                }
                l_subnet_name = NULL;
        }

        if (subnet_name != NULL) {
                *subnet_name = talloc_strdup(mem_ctx, l_subnet_name);
        }

        talloc_free(sites_container_dn);
        talloc_free(subnets_dn);
        talloc_free(res);

        return site_name;
}

/*
  work out if we are the PDC for the domain of the current open ldb
*/
bool samdb_is_pdc(struct ldb_context *ldb)
{
        int ret;
        bool is_pdc;

        ret = samdb_reference_dn_is_our_ntdsa(ldb, ldb_get_default_basedn(ldb), "fsmoRoleOwner", 
                                              &is_pdc);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(1,("Failed to find if we are the PDC for this ldb: Searching for fSMORoleOwner in %s failed: %s\n", 
                         ldb_dn_get_linearized(ldb_get_default_basedn(ldb)), 
                         ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                return false;
        }

        return is_pdc;
}

/*
  work out if we are a Global Catalog server for the domain of the current open ldb
*/
bool samdb_is_gc(struct ldb_context *ldb)
{
        uint32_t options;
        if (samdb_ntds_options(ldb, &options) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return false;
        }
        return (options & DS_NTDSDSA_OPT_IS_GC) != 0;
}

/* Find a domain object in the parents of a particular DN.  */
int samdb_search_for_parent_domain(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn *dn,
                                   struct ldb_dn **parent_dn, const char **errstring)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *local_ctx;
        struct ldb_dn *sdn = dn;
        struct ldb_result *res = NULL;
        int ret = LDB_SUCCESS;
        const char *attrs[] = { NULL };

        local_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);
        if (local_ctx == NULL) return ldb_oom(ldb);

        while ((sdn = ldb_dn_get_parent(local_ctx, sdn))) {
                ret = ldb_search(ldb, local_ctx, &res, sdn, LDB_SCOPE_BASE, attrs,
                                 "(|(objectClass=domain)(objectClass=builtinDomain))");
                if (ret == LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        if (res->count == 1) {
                                break;
                        }
                } else {
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                *errstring = talloc_asprintf(mem_ctx, "Error searching for parent domain of %s, failed searching for %s: %s",
                                             ldb_dn_get_linearized(dn),
                                             ldb_dn_get_linearized(sdn),
                                             ldb_errstring(ldb));
                talloc_free(local_ctx);
                return ret;
        }
        if (res->count != 1) {
                *errstring = talloc_asprintf(mem_ctx, "Invalid dn (%s), not child of a domain object",
                                             ldb_dn_get_linearized(dn));
                DEBUG(0,(__location__ ": %s\n", *errstring));
                talloc_free(local_ctx);
                return LDB_ERR_CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION;
        }

        *parent_dn = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, res->msgs[0]->dn);
        talloc_free(local_ctx);
        return ret;
}


/*
 * Performs checks on a user password (plaintext UNIX format - attribute
 * "password"). The remaining parameters have to be extracted from the domain
 * object in the AD.
 *
 * Result codes from "enum samr_ValidationStatus" (consider "samr.idl")
 */
enum samr_ValidationStatus samdb_check_password(const DATA_BLOB *utf8_blob,
                                                const uint32_t pwdProperties,
                                                const uint32_t minPwdLength)
{
        const char *utf8_pw = (const char *)utf8_blob->data;
        size_t utf8_len = strlen_m(utf8_pw);

        /* checks if the "minPwdLength" property is satisfied */
        if (minPwdLength > utf8_len) {
                return SAMR_VALIDATION_STATUS_PWD_TOO_SHORT;
        }

        /* checks the password complexity */
        if (!(pwdProperties & DOMAIN_PASSWORD_COMPLEX)) {
                return SAMR_VALIDATION_STATUS_SUCCESS;
        }

        if (utf8_len == 0) {
                return SAMR_VALIDATION_STATUS_NOT_COMPLEX_ENOUGH;
        }

        if (!check_password_quality(utf8_pw)) {
                return SAMR_VALIDATION_STATUS_NOT_COMPLEX_ENOUGH;
        }

        return SAMR_VALIDATION_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

/*
 * Callback for "samdb_set_password" password change
 */
int samdb_set_password_callback(struct ldb_request *req, struct ldb_reply *ares)
{
        int ret;

        if (!ares) {
                return ldb_request_done(req, LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR);
        }

        if (ares->error != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                ret = ares->error;
                req->context = talloc_steal(req,
                                            ldb_reply_get_control(ares, DSDB_CONTROL_PASSWORD_CHANGE_STATUS_OID));
                talloc_free(ares);
                return ldb_request_done(req, ret);
        }

        if (ares->type != LDB_REPLY_DONE) {
                talloc_free(ares);
                return ldb_request_done(req, LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR);
        }

        req->context = talloc_steal(req,
                                    ldb_reply_get_control(ares, DSDB_CONTROL_PASSWORD_CHANGE_STATUS_OID));
        talloc_free(ares);
        return ldb_request_done(req, LDB_SUCCESS);
}

/*
 * Sets the user password using plaintext UTF16 (attribute "new_password") or
 * LM (attribute "lmNewHash") or NT (attribute "ntNewHash") hash. Also pass
 * the old LM and/or NT hash (attributes "lmOldHash"/"ntOldHash") if it is a
 * user change or not. The "rejectReason" gives some more information if the
 * change failed.
 *
 * Results: NT_STATUS_OK, NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER, NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL,
 *   NT_STATUS_WRONG_PASSWORD, NT_STATUS_PASSWORD_RESTRICTION
 */
static NTSTATUS samdb_set_password_internal(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                            struct ldb_dn *user_dn, struct ldb_dn *domain_dn,
                            const DATA_BLOB *new_password,
                            const struct samr_Password *lmNewHash,
                            const struct samr_Password *ntNewHash,
                            const struct samr_Password *lmOldHash,
                            const struct samr_Password *ntOldHash,
                            enum samPwdChangeReason *reject_reason,
                            struct samr_DomInfo1 **_dominfo,
                            bool permit_interdomain_trust)
{
        struct ldb_message *msg;
        struct ldb_message_element *el;
        struct ldb_request *req;
        struct dsdb_control_password_change_status *pwd_stat = NULL;
        int ret;
        bool hash_values = false;
        NTSTATUS status = NT_STATUS_OK;

#define CHECK_RET(x) \
        if (x != LDB_SUCCESS) { \
                talloc_free(msg); \
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY; \
        }

        msg = ldb_msg_new(mem_ctx);
        if (msg == NULL) {
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }
        msg->dn = user_dn;
        if ((new_password != NULL)
                        && ((lmNewHash == NULL) && (ntNewHash == NULL))) {
                /* we have the password as plaintext UTF16 */
                CHECK_RET(ldb_msg_add_value(msg, "clearTextPassword",
                                            new_password, NULL));
                el = ldb_msg_find_element(msg, "clearTextPassword");
                el->flags = LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE;
        } else if ((new_password == NULL)
                        && ((lmNewHash != NULL) || (ntNewHash != NULL))) {
                /* we have a password as LM and/or NT hash */
                if (lmNewHash != NULL) {
                        CHECK_RET(samdb_msg_add_hash(ldb, mem_ctx, msg,
                                "dBCSPwd", lmNewHash));
                        el = ldb_msg_find_element(msg, "dBCSPwd");
                        el->flags = LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE;
                }
                if (ntNewHash != NULL) {
                        CHECK_RET(samdb_msg_add_hash(ldb, mem_ctx, msg,
                                "unicodePwd", ntNewHash));
                        el = ldb_msg_find_element(msg, "unicodePwd");
                        el->flags = LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE;
                }
                hash_values = true;
        } else {
                /* the password wasn't specified correctly */
                talloc_free(msg);
                return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
        }

        /* build modify request */
        ret = ldb_build_mod_req(&req, ldb, mem_ctx, msg, NULL, NULL,
                                samdb_set_password_callback, NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(msg);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }

        /* A password change operation */
        if ((ntOldHash != NULL) || (lmOldHash != NULL)) {
                struct dsdb_control_password_change *change;

                change = talloc(req, struct dsdb_control_password_change);
                if (change == NULL) {
                        talloc_free(req);
                        talloc_free(msg);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }

                change->old_nt_pwd_hash = ntOldHash;
                change->old_lm_pwd_hash = lmOldHash;

                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req,
                                              DSDB_CONTROL_PASSWORD_CHANGE_OID,
                                              true, change);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        talloc_free(req);
                        talloc_free(msg);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }
        }
        if (hash_values) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req,
                                              DSDB_CONTROL_PASSWORD_HASH_VALUES_OID,
                                              true, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        talloc_free(req);
                        talloc_free(msg);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }
        }
        if (permit_interdomain_trust) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req,
                                              DSDB_CONTROL_PERMIT_INTERDOMAIN_TRUST_UAC_OID,
                                              false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        talloc_free(req);
                        talloc_free(msg);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }
        }
        ret = ldb_request_add_control(req,
                                      DSDB_CONTROL_PASSWORD_CHANGE_STATUS_OID,
                                      true, NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(req);
                talloc_free(msg);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }

        ret = dsdb_autotransaction_request(ldb, req);

        if (req->context != NULL) {
                struct ldb_control *control = talloc_get_type_abort(req->context,
                                                                    struct ldb_control);
                pwd_stat = talloc_get_type_abort(control->data,
                                                 struct dsdb_control_password_change_status);
                talloc_steal(mem_ctx, pwd_stat);
        }

        talloc_free(req);
        talloc_free(msg);

        /* Sets the domain info (if requested) */
        if (_dominfo != NULL) {
                struct samr_DomInfo1 *dominfo;

                dominfo = talloc_zero(mem_ctx, struct samr_DomInfo1);
                if (dominfo == NULL) {
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }

                if (pwd_stat != NULL) {
                        dominfo->min_password_length     = pwd_stat->domain_data.minPwdLength;
                        dominfo->password_properties     = pwd_stat->domain_data.pwdProperties;
                        dominfo->password_history_length = pwd_stat->domain_data.pwdHistoryLength;
                        dominfo->max_password_age        = pwd_stat->domain_data.maxPwdAge;
                        dominfo->min_password_age        = pwd_stat->domain_data.minPwdAge;
                }

                *_dominfo = dominfo;
        }

        if (reject_reason != NULL) {
                if (pwd_stat != NULL) {
                        *reject_reason = pwd_stat->reject_reason;
                } else {
                        *reject_reason = SAM_PWD_CHANGE_NO_ERROR;
                }
        }

        if (pwd_stat != NULL) {
                talloc_free(pwd_stat);
        }

        if (ret == LDB_ERR_CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION) {
                const char *errmsg = ldb_errstring(ldb);
                char *endptr = NULL;
                WERROR werr = WERR_GENERAL_FAILURE;
                status = NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
                if (errmsg != NULL) {
                        werr = W_ERROR(strtol(errmsg, &endptr, 16));
                        DBG_WARNING("%s\n", errmsg);
                }
                if (endptr != errmsg) {
                        if (W_ERROR_EQUAL(werr, WERR_INVALID_PASSWORD)) {
                                status = NT_STATUS_WRONG_PASSWORD;
                        }
                        if (W_ERROR_EQUAL(werr, WERR_PASSWORD_RESTRICTION)) {
                                status = NT_STATUS_PASSWORD_RESTRICTION;
                        }
                }
        } else if (ret == LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT) {
                /* don't let the caller know if an account doesn't exist */
                status = NT_STATUS_WRONG_PASSWORD;
        } else if (ret == LDB_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS_RIGHTS) {
                status = NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED;
        } else if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(1, ("Failed to set password on %s: %s\n",
                          ldb_dn_get_linearized(msg->dn),
                          ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                status = NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
        }

        return status;
}

NTSTATUS samdb_set_password(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                            struct ldb_dn *user_dn, struct ldb_dn *domain_dn,
                            const DATA_BLOB *new_password,
                            const struct samr_Password *lmNewHash,
                            const struct samr_Password *ntNewHash,
                            const struct samr_Password *lmOldHash,
                            const struct samr_Password *ntOldHash,
                            enum samPwdChangeReason *reject_reason,
                            struct samr_DomInfo1 **_dominfo)
{
        return samdb_set_password_internal(ldb, mem_ctx,
                            user_dn, domain_dn,
                            new_password,
                            lmNewHash, ntNewHash,
                            lmOldHash, ntOldHash,
                            reject_reason, _dominfo,
                            false); /* reject trusts */
}

/*
 * Sets the user password using plaintext UTF16 (attribute "new_password") or
 * LM (attribute "lmNewHash") or NT (attribute "ntNewHash") hash. Also pass
 * the old LM and/or NT hash (attributes "lmOldHash"/"ntOldHash") if it is a
 * user change or not. The "rejectReason" gives some more information if the
 * change failed.
 *
 * This wrapper function for "samdb_set_password" takes a SID as input rather
 * than a user DN.
 *
 * This call encapsulates a new LDB transaction for changing the password;
 * therefore the user hasn't to start a new one.
 *
 * Results: NT_STATUS_OK, NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION,
 *   NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER, NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL,
 *   NT_STATUS_WRONG_PASSWORD, NT_STATUS_PASSWORD_RESTRICTION,
 *   NT_STATUS_TRANSACTION_ABORTED, NT_STATUS_NO_SUCH_USER
 */
NTSTATUS samdb_set_password_sid(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                const struct dom_sid *user_sid,
                                const uint32_t *new_version, /* optional for trusts */
                                const DATA_BLOB *new_password,
                                const struct samr_Password *lmNewHash,
                                const struct samr_Password *ntNewHash,
                                const struct samr_Password *lmOldHash,
                                const struct samr_Password *ntOldHash,
                                enum samPwdChangeReason *reject_reason,
                                struct samr_DomInfo1 **_dominfo) 
{
        TALLOC_CTX *frame = talloc_stackframe();
        NTSTATUS nt_status;
        const char * const user_attrs[] = {
                "userAccountControl",
                "sAMAccountName",
                NULL
        };
        struct ldb_message *user_msg = NULL;
        int ret;
        uint32_t uac = 0;

        ret = ldb_transaction_start(ldb);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(1, ("Failed to start transaction: %s\n", ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                return NT_STATUS_TRANSACTION_ABORTED;
        }

        ret = dsdb_search_one(ldb, frame, &user_msg, ldb_get_default_basedn(ldb),
                              LDB_SCOPE_SUBTREE, user_attrs, 0,
                              "(&(objectSid=%s)(objectClass=user))",
                              ldap_encode_ndr_dom_sid(frame, user_sid));
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                DEBUG(3, ("samdb_set_password_sid: SID[%s] not found in samdb %s - %s, "
                          "returning NO_SUCH_USER\n",
                          dom_sid_string(frame, user_sid),
                          ldb_strerror(ret), ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_SUCH_USER;
        }

        uac = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint(user_msg, "userAccountControl", 0);
        if (!(uac & UF_ACCOUNT_TYPE_MASK)) {
                ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                DEBUG(1, ("samdb_set_password_sid: invalid "
                          "userAccountControl[0x%08X] for SID[%s] DN[%s], "
                          "returning NO_SUCH_USER\n",
                          (unsigned)uac, dom_sid_string(frame, user_sid),
                          ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn)));
                TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_SUCH_USER;
        }

        if (uac & UF_INTERDOMAIN_TRUST_ACCOUNT) {
                const char * const tdo_attrs[] = {
                        "trustAuthIncoming",
                        "trustDirection",
                        NULL
                };
                struct ldb_message *tdo_msg = NULL;
                const char *account_name = NULL;
                uint32_t trust_direction;
                uint32_t i;
                const struct ldb_val *old_val = NULL;
                struct trustAuthInOutBlob old_blob = {};
                uint32_t old_version = 0;
                struct AuthenticationInformation *old_version_a = NULL;
                uint32_t _new_version = 0;
                struct trustAuthInOutBlob new_blob = {};
                struct ldb_val new_val = {};
                struct timeval tv = timeval_current();
                NTTIME now = timeval_to_nttime(&tv);
                enum ndr_err_code ndr_err;

                if (new_password == NULL && ntNewHash == NULL) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        DEBUG(1, ("samdb_set_password_sid: "
                                  "no new password provided "
                                  "sAMAccountName for SID[%s] DN[%s], "
                                  "returning INVALID_PARAMETER\n",
                                  dom_sid_string(frame, user_sid),
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn)));
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
                }

                if (new_password != NULL && ntNewHash != NULL) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        DEBUG(1, ("samdb_set_password_sid: "
                                  "two new passwords provided "
                                  "sAMAccountName for SID[%s] DN[%s], "
                                  "returning INVALID_PARAMETER\n",
                                  dom_sid_string(frame, user_sid),
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn)));
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
                }

                if (new_password != NULL && (new_password->length % 2)) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        DEBUG(2, ("samdb_set_password_sid: "
                                  "invalid utf16 length (%zu) "
                                  "sAMAccountName for SID[%s] DN[%s], "
                                  "returning WRONG_PASSWORD\n",
                                  new_password->length,
                                  dom_sid_string(frame, user_sid),
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn)));
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_WRONG_PASSWORD;
                }

                if (new_password != NULL && new_password->length >= 500) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        DEBUG(2, ("samdb_set_password_sid: "
                                  "utf16 password too long (%zu) "
                                  "sAMAccountName for SID[%s] DN[%s], "
                                  "returning WRONG_PASSWORD\n",
                                  new_password->length,
                                  dom_sid_string(frame, user_sid),
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn)));
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_WRONG_PASSWORD;
                }

                account_name = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_string(user_msg,
                                                        "sAMAccountName", NULL);
                if (account_name == NULL) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        DEBUG(1, ("samdb_set_password_sid: missing "
                                  "sAMAccountName for SID[%s] DN[%s], "
                                  "returning NO_SUCH_USER\n",
                                  dom_sid_string(frame, user_sid),
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn)));
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_SUCH_USER;
                }

                nt_status = dsdb_trust_search_tdo_by_type(ldb,
                                                          SEC_CHAN_DOMAIN,
                                                          account_name,
                                                          tdo_attrs,
                                                          frame, &tdo_msg);
                if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(nt_status)) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        DEBUG(1, ("samdb_set_password_sid: dsdb_trust_search_tdo "
                                  "failed(%s) for sAMAccountName[%s] SID[%s] DN[%s], "
                                  "returning INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION\n",
                                  nt_errstr(nt_status), account_name,
                                  dom_sid_string(frame, user_sid),
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn)));
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION;
                }

                trust_direction = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_int(tdo_msg,
                                                           "trustDirection", 0);
                if (!(trust_direction & LSA_TRUST_DIRECTION_INBOUND)) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        DEBUG(1, ("samdb_set_password_sid: direction[0x%08X] is "
                                  "not inbound for sAMAccountName[%s] "
                                  "DN[%s] TDO[%s], "
                                  "returning INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION\n",
                                  (unsigned)trust_direction,
                                  account_name,
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn),
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(tdo_msg->dn)));
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION;
                }

                old_val = ldb_msg_find_ldb_val(tdo_msg, "trustAuthIncoming");
                if (old_val != NULL) {
                        ndr_err = ndr_pull_struct_blob(old_val, frame, &old_blob,
                                        (ndr_pull_flags_fn_t)ndr_pull_trustAuthInOutBlob);
                        if (!NDR_ERR_CODE_IS_SUCCESS(ndr_err)) {
                                ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                                DEBUG(1, ("samdb_set_password_sid: "
                                          "failed(%s) to parse "
                                          "trustAuthOutgoing sAMAccountName[%s] "
                                          "DN[%s] TDO[%s], "
                                          "returning INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION\n",
                                          ndr_map_error2string(ndr_err),
                                          account_name,
                                          ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn),
                                          ldb_dn_get_linearized(tdo_msg->dn)));

                                TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                                return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION;
                        }
                }

                for (i = old_blob.current.count; i > 0; i--) {
                        struct AuthenticationInformation *a =
                                &old_blob.current.array[i - 1];

                        switch (a->AuthType) {
                        case TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_NONE:
                                if (i == old_blob.current.count) {
                                        /*
                                         * remove TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_NONE at the
                                         * end
                                         */
                                        old_blob.current.count--;
                                }
                                break;

                        case TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_VERSION:
                                old_version_a = a;
                                old_version = a->AuthInfo.version.version;
                                break;

                        case TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_CLEAR:
                                break;

                        case TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_NT4OWF:
                                break;
                        }
                }

                if (new_version == NULL) {
                        _new_version = 0;
                        new_version = &_new_version;
                }

                if (old_version_a != NULL && *new_version != (old_version + 1)) {
                        old_version_a->LastUpdateTime = now;
                        old_version_a->AuthType = TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_NONE;
                }

                new_blob.count = MAX(old_blob.current.count, 2);
                new_blob.current.array = talloc_zero_array(frame,
                                                struct AuthenticationInformation,
                                                new_blob.count);
                if (new_blob.current.array == NULL) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }
                new_blob.previous.array = talloc_zero_array(frame,
                                                struct AuthenticationInformation,
                                                new_blob.count);
                if (new_blob.current.array == NULL) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }

                for (i = 0; i < old_blob.current.count; i++) {
                        struct AuthenticationInformation *o =
                                &old_blob.current.array[i];
                        struct AuthenticationInformation *p =
                                &new_blob.previous.array[i];

                        *p = *o;
                        new_blob.previous.count++;
                }
                for (; i < new_blob.count; i++) {
                        struct AuthenticationInformation *pi =
                                &new_blob.previous.array[i];

                        if (i == 0) {
                                /*
                                 * new_blob.previous is still empty so
                                 * we'll do new_blob.previous = new_blob.current
                                 * below.
                                 */
                                break;
                        }

                        pi->LastUpdateTime = now;
                        pi->AuthType = TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_NONE;
                        new_blob.previous.count++;
                }

                for (i = 0; i < new_blob.count; i++) {
                        struct AuthenticationInformation *ci =
                                &new_blob.current.array[i];

                        ci->LastUpdateTime = now;
                        switch (i) {
                        case 0:
                                if (ntNewHash != NULL) {
                                        ci->AuthType = TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_NT4OWF;
                                        ci->AuthInfo.nt4owf.password = *ntNewHash;
                                        break;
                                }

                                ci->AuthType = TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_CLEAR;
                                ci->AuthInfo.clear.size = new_password->length;
                                ci->AuthInfo.clear.password = new_password->data;
                                break;
                        case 1:
                                ci->AuthType = TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_VERSION;
                                ci->AuthInfo.version.version = *new_version;
                                break;
                        default:
                                ci->AuthType = TRUST_AUTH_TYPE_NONE;
                                break;
                        }

                        new_blob.current.count++;
                }

                if (new_blob.previous.count == 0) {
                        TALLOC_FREE(new_blob.previous.array);
                        new_blob.previous = new_blob.current;
                }

                ndr_err = ndr_push_struct_blob(&new_val, frame, &new_blob,
                                (ndr_push_flags_fn_t)ndr_push_trustAuthInOutBlob);
                if (!NDR_ERR_CODE_IS_SUCCESS(ndr_err)) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        DEBUG(1, ("samdb_set_password_sid: "
                                  "failed(%s) to generate "
                                  "trustAuthOutgoing sAMAccountName[%s] "
                                  "DN[%s] TDO[%s], "
                                  "returning UNSUCCESSFUL\n",
                                  ndr_map_error2string(ndr_err),
                                  account_name,
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn),
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(tdo_msg->dn)));
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
                }

                tdo_msg->num_elements = 0;
                TALLOC_FREE(tdo_msg->elements);

                ret = ldb_msg_add_empty(tdo_msg, "trustAuthIncoming",
                                        LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }
                ret = ldb_msg_add_value(tdo_msg, "trustAuthIncoming",
                                        &new_val, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }

                ret = ldb_modify(ldb, tdo_msg);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        nt_status = dsdb_ldb_err_to_ntstatus(ret);
                        ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                        DEBUG(1, ("samdb_set_password_sid: "
                                  "failed to replace "
                                  "trustAuthOutgoing sAMAccountName[%s] "
                                  "DN[%s] TDO[%s], "
                                  "%s - %s\n",
                                  account_name,
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn),
                                  ldb_dn_get_linearized(tdo_msg->dn),
                                  nt_errstr(nt_status), ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                        return nt_status;
                }
        }

        nt_status = samdb_set_password_internal(ldb, mem_ctx,
                                                user_msg->dn, NULL,
                                                new_password,
                                                lmNewHash, ntNewHash,
                                                lmOldHash, ntOldHash,
                                                reject_reason, _dominfo,
                                                true); /* permit trusts */
        if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(nt_status)) {
                ldb_transaction_cancel(ldb);
                TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                return nt_status;
        }

        ret = ldb_transaction_commit(ldb);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(0,("Failed to commit transaction to change password on %s: %s\n",
                         ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn),
                         ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                TALLOC_FREE(frame);
                return NT_STATUS_TRANSACTION_ABORTED;
        }

        TALLOC_FREE(frame);
        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}


NTSTATUS samdb_create_foreign_security_principal(struct ldb_context *sam_ctx, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, 
                                                 struct dom_sid *sid, struct ldb_dn **ret_dn) 
{
        struct ldb_message *msg;
        struct ldb_dn *basedn;
        char *sidstr;
        int ret;

        sidstr = dom_sid_string(mem_ctx, sid);
        NT_STATUS_HAVE_NO_MEMORY(sidstr);

        /* We might have to create a ForeignSecurityPrincipal, even if this user
         * is in our own domain */

        msg = ldb_msg_new(sidstr);
        if (msg == NULL) {
                talloc_free(sidstr);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }

        ret = dsdb_wellknown_dn(sam_ctx, sidstr,
                                ldb_get_default_basedn(sam_ctx),
                                DS_GUID_FOREIGNSECURITYPRINCIPALS_CONTAINER,
                                &basedn);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(0, ("Failed to find DN for "
                          "ForeignSecurityPrincipal container - %s\n", ldb_errstring(sam_ctx)));
                talloc_free(sidstr);
                return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION;
        }

        /* add core elements to the ldb_message for the alias */
        msg->dn = basedn;
        if ( ! ldb_dn_add_child_fmt(msg->dn, "CN=%s", sidstr)) {
                talloc_free(sidstr);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }

        ret = ldb_msg_add_string(msg, "objectClass",
                                 "foreignSecurityPrincipal");
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(sidstr);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }

        /* create the alias */
        ret = ldb_add(sam_ctx, msg);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(0,("Failed to create foreignSecurityPrincipal "
                         "record %s: %s\n", 
                         ldb_dn_get_linearized(msg->dn),
                         ldb_errstring(sam_ctx)));
                talloc_free(sidstr);
                return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_DB_CORRUPTION;
        }

        *ret_dn = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, msg->dn);
        talloc_free(sidstr);

        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}


/*
  Find the DN of a domain, assuming it to be a dotted.dns name
*/

struct ldb_dn *samdb_dns_domain_to_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const char *dns_domain) 
{
        unsigned int i;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);
        const char *binary_encoded;
        const char * const *split_realm;
        struct ldb_dn *dn;

        if (!tmp_ctx) {
                return NULL;
        }

        split_realm = (const char * const *)str_list_make(tmp_ctx, dns_domain, ".");
        if (!split_realm) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return NULL;
        }
        dn = ldb_dn_new(mem_ctx, ldb, NULL);
        for (i=0; split_realm[i]; i++) {
                binary_encoded = ldb_binary_encode_string(tmp_ctx, split_realm[i]);
                if (!ldb_dn_add_base_fmt(dn, "dc=%s", binary_encoded)) {
                        DEBUG(2, ("Failed to add dc=%s element to DN %s\n",
                                  binary_encoded, ldb_dn_get_linearized(dn)));
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return NULL;
                }
        }
        if (!ldb_dn_validate(dn)) {
                DEBUG(2, ("Failed to validated DN %s\n",
                          ldb_dn_get_linearized(dn)));
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return NULL;
        }
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return dn;
}


/*
  Find the DNS equivalent of a DN, in dotted DNS form
*/
char *samdb_dn_to_dns_domain(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn *dn)
{
        int i, num_components = ldb_dn_get_comp_num(dn);
        char *dns_name = talloc_strdup(mem_ctx, "");
        if (dns_name == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }

        for (i=0; i<num_components; i++) {
                const struct ldb_val *v = ldb_dn_get_component_val(dn, i);
                char *s;
                if (v == NULL) {
                        talloc_free(dns_name);
                        return NULL;
                }
                s = talloc_asprintf_append_buffer(dns_name, "%*.*s.",
                                                  (int)v->length, (int)v->length, (char *)v->data);
                if (s == NULL) {
                        talloc_free(dns_name);
                        return NULL;
                }
                dns_name = s;
        }

        /* remove the last '.' */
        if (dns_name[0] != 0) {
                dns_name[strlen(dns_name)-1] = 0;
        }

        return dns_name;
}

/*
  Find the DNS _msdcs name for a given NTDS GUID. The resulting DNS
  name is based on the forest DNS name
*/
char *samdb_ntds_msdcs_dns_name(struct ldb_context *samdb,
                                TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                const struct GUID *ntds_guid)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);
        const char *guid_str;
        struct ldb_dn *forest_dn;
        const char *dnsforest;
        char *ret;

        guid_str = GUID_string(tmp_ctx, ntds_guid);
        if (guid_str == NULL) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return NULL;
        }
        forest_dn = ldb_get_root_basedn(samdb);
        if (forest_dn == NULL) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return NULL;
        }
        dnsforest = samdb_dn_to_dns_domain(tmp_ctx, forest_dn);
        if (dnsforest == NULL) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return NULL;
        }
        ret = talloc_asprintf(mem_ctx, "%s._msdcs.%s", guid_str, dnsforest);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return ret;
}


/*
  Find the DN of a domain, be it the netbios or DNS name 
*/
struct ldb_dn *samdb_domain_to_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, 
                                  const char *domain_name) 
{
        const char * const domain_ref_attrs[] = {
                "ncName", NULL
        };
        const char * const domain_ref2_attrs[] = {
                NULL
        };
        struct ldb_result *res_domain_ref;
        char *escaped_domain = ldb_binary_encode_string(mem_ctx, domain_name);
        /* find the domain's DN */
        int ret_domain = ldb_search(ldb, mem_ctx,
                                            &res_domain_ref, 
                                            samdb_partitions_dn(ldb, mem_ctx), 
                                            LDB_SCOPE_ONELEVEL, 
                                            domain_ref_attrs,
                                            "(&(nETBIOSName=%s)(objectclass=crossRef))", 
                                            escaped_domain);
        if (ret_domain != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return NULL;
        }

        if (res_domain_ref->count == 0) {
                ret_domain = ldb_search(ldb, mem_ctx,
                                                &res_domain_ref, 
                                                samdb_dns_domain_to_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, domain_name),
                                                LDB_SCOPE_BASE,
                                                domain_ref2_attrs,
                                                "(objectclass=domain)");
                if (ret_domain != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return NULL;
                }

                if (res_domain_ref->count == 1) {
                        return res_domain_ref->msgs[0]->dn;
                }
                return NULL;
        }

        if (res_domain_ref->count > 1) {
                DEBUG(0,("Found %d records matching domain [%s]\n", 
                         ret_domain, domain_name));
                return NULL;
        }

        return samdb_result_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, res_domain_ref->msgs[0], "nCName", NULL);

}


/*
  use a GUID to find a DN
 */
int dsdb_find_dn_by_guid(struct ldb_context *ldb, 
                         TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                         const struct GUID *guid,
                         uint32_t dsdb_flags,
                         struct ldb_dn **dn)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        const char *attrs[] = { NULL };
        char *guid_str = GUID_string(mem_ctx, guid);

        if (!guid_str) {
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }

        ret = dsdb_search(ldb, mem_ctx, &res, NULL, LDB_SCOPE_SUBTREE, attrs,
                          DSDB_SEARCH_SEARCH_ALL_PARTITIONS |
                          DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_EXTENDED_DN |
                          DSDB_SEARCH_ONE_ONLY | dsdb_flags,
                          "objectGUID=%s", guid_str);
        talloc_free(guid_str);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }

        *dn = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, res->msgs[0]->dn);
        talloc_free(res);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  use a DN to find a GUID with a given attribute name
 */
int dsdb_find_guid_attr_by_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                              struct ldb_dn *dn, const char *attribute,
                              struct GUID *guid)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        const char *attrs[2];
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);

        attrs[0] = attribute;
        attrs[1] = NULL;

        ret = dsdb_search_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, &res, dn, attrs,
                             DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_DELETED |
                             DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_RECYCLED);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }
        if (res->count < 1) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_error(ldb, LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT, __func__);
        }
        *guid = samdb_result_guid(res->msgs[0], attribute);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  use a DN to find a GUID
 */
int dsdb_find_guid_by_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                         struct ldb_dn *dn, struct GUID *guid)
{
        return dsdb_find_guid_attr_by_dn(ldb, dn, "objectGUID", guid);
}



/*
 adds the given GUID to the given ldb_message. This value is added
 for the given attr_name (may be either "objectGUID" or "parentGUID").
 */
int dsdb_msg_add_guid(struct ldb_message *msg,
                struct GUID *guid,
                const char *attr_name)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_val v;
        NTSTATUS status;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx =  talloc_init("dsdb_msg_add_guid");

        status = GUID_to_ndr_blob(guid, tmp_ctx, &v);
        if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(status)) {
                ret = LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
                goto done;
        }

        ret = ldb_msg_add_steal_value(msg, attr_name, &v);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(4,(__location__ ": Failed to add %s to the message\n",
                                         attr_name));
                goto done;
        }

        ret = LDB_SUCCESS;

done:
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return ret;

}


/*
  use a DN to find a SID
 */
int dsdb_find_sid_by_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb, 
                        struct ldb_dn *dn, struct dom_sid *sid)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        const char *attrs[] = { "objectSid", NULL };
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        struct dom_sid *s;

        ZERO_STRUCTP(sid);

        ret = dsdb_search_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, &res, dn, attrs,
                             DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_DELETED |
                             DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_RECYCLED);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }
        if (res->count < 1) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_error(ldb, LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT, __func__);
        }
        s = samdb_result_dom_sid(tmp_ctx, res->msgs[0], "objectSid");
        if (s == NULL) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_error(ldb, LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT, __func__);
        }
        *sid = *s;
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  use a SID to find a DN
 */
int dsdb_find_dn_by_sid(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                        TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                        struct dom_sid *sid, struct ldb_dn **dn)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        const char *attrs[] = { NULL };
        char *sid_str = ldap_encode_ndr_dom_sid(mem_ctx, sid);

        if (!sid_str) {
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }

        ret = dsdb_search(ldb, mem_ctx, &res, NULL, LDB_SCOPE_SUBTREE, attrs,
                          DSDB_SEARCH_SEARCH_ALL_PARTITIONS |
                          DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_EXTENDED_DN |
                          DSDB_SEARCH_ONE_ONLY,
                          "objectSid=%s", sid_str);
        talloc_free(sid_str);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }

        *dn = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, res->msgs[0]->dn);
        talloc_free(res);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  load a repsFromTo blob list for a given partition GUID
  attr must be "repsFrom" or "repsTo"
 */
WERROR dsdb_loadreps(struct ldb_context *sam_ctx, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn *dn,
                     const char *attr, struct repsFromToBlob **r, uint32_t *count)
{
        const char *attrs[] = { attr, NULL };
        struct ldb_result *res = NULL;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);
        unsigned int i;
        struct ldb_message_element *el;
        int ret;

        *r = NULL;
        *count = 0;

        ret = dsdb_search_dn(sam_ctx, tmp_ctx, &res, dn, attrs, 0);
        if (ret == LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT) {
                /* partition hasn't been replicated yet */
                return WERR_OK;
        }
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(0,("dsdb_loadreps: failed to read partition object: %s\n", ldb_errstring(sam_ctx)));
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
        }

        el = ldb_msg_find_element(res->msgs[0], attr);
        if (el == NULL) {
                /* it's OK to be empty */
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return WERR_OK;
        }

        *count = el->num_values;
        *r = talloc_array(mem_ctx, struct repsFromToBlob, *count);
        if (*r == NULL) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
        }

        for (i=0; i<(*count); i++) {
                enum ndr_err_code ndr_err;
                ndr_err = ndr_pull_struct_blob(&el->values[i], 
                                               mem_ctx, 
                                               &(*r)[i], 
                                               (ndr_pull_flags_fn_t)ndr_pull_repsFromToBlob);
                if (!NDR_ERR_CODE_IS_SUCCESS(ndr_err)) {
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
                }
        }

        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        
        return WERR_OK;
}

/*
  save the repsFromTo blob list for a given partition GUID
  attr must be "repsFrom" or "repsTo"
 */
WERROR dsdb_savereps(struct ldb_context *sam_ctx, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn *dn,
                     const char *attr, struct repsFromToBlob *r, uint32_t count)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);
        struct ldb_message *msg;
        struct ldb_message_element *el;
        unsigned int i;

        msg = ldb_msg_new(tmp_ctx);
        msg->dn = dn;
        if (ldb_msg_add_empty(msg, attr, LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE, &el) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        el->values = talloc_array(msg, struct ldb_val, count);
        if (!el->values) {
                goto failed;
        }

        for (i=0; i<count; i++) {
                struct ldb_val v;
                enum ndr_err_code ndr_err;

                ndr_err = ndr_push_struct_blob(&v, tmp_ctx, 
                                               &r[i], 
                                               (ndr_push_flags_fn_t)ndr_push_repsFromToBlob);
                if (!NDR_ERR_CODE_IS_SUCCESS(ndr_err)) {
                        goto failed;
                }

                el->num_values++;
                el->values[i] = v;
        }

        if (dsdb_modify(sam_ctx, msg, 0) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(0,("Failed to store %s - %s\n", attr, ldb_errstring(sam_ctx)));
                goto failed;
        }

        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        
        return WERR_OK;

failed:
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
}


/*
  load the uSNHighest and the uSNUrgent attributes from the @REPLCHANGED
  object for a partition
 */
int dsdb_load_partition_usn(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_dn *dn,
                                uint64_t *uSN, uint64_t *urgent_uSN)
{
        struct ldb_request *req;
        int ret;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        struct dsdb_control_current_partition *p_ctrl;
        struct ldb_result *res;

        res = talloc_zero(tmp_ctx, struct ldb_result);
        if (!res) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }

        ret = ldb_build_search_req(&req, ldb, tmp_ctx,
                                   ldb_dn_new(tmp_ctx, ldb, "@REPLCHANGED"),
                                   LDB_SCOPE_BASE,
                                   NULL, NULL,
                                   NULL,
                                   res, ldb_search_default_callback,
                                   NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }

        p_ctrl = talloc(req, struct dsdb_control_current_partition);
        if (p_ctrl == NULL) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }
        p_ctrl->version = DSDB_CONTROL_CURRENT_PARTITION_VERSION;
        p_ctrl->dn = dn;
        
        ret = ldb_request_add_control(req,
                                      DSDB_CONTROL_CURRENT_PARTITION_OID,
                                      false, p_ctrl);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }
        
        /* Run the new request */
        ret = ldb_request(ldb, req);
        
        if (ret == LDB_SUCCESS) {
                ret = ldb_wait(req->handle, LDB_WAIT_ALL);
        }

        if (ret == LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT || ret == LDB_ERR_INVALID_DN_SYNTAX) {
                /* it hasn't been created yet, which means
                   an implicit value of zero */
                *uSN = 0;
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return LDB_SUCCESS;
        }

        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }

        if (res->count < 1) {
                *uSN = 0;
                if (urgent_uSN) {
                        *urgent_uSN = 0;
                }
        } else {
                *uSN = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint64(res->msgs[0], "uSNHighest", 0);
                if (urgent_uSN) {
                        *urgent_uSN = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint64(res->msgs[0], "uSNUrgent", 0);
                }
        }

        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;     
}

int drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor2_compare(const struct drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor2 *c1,
                                                   const struct drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor2 *c2)
{
        return GUID_compare(&c1->source_dsa_invocation_id, &c2->source_dsa_invocation_id);
}

int drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor_compare(const struct drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor *c1,
                                    const struct drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor *c2)
{
        return GUID_compare(&c1->source_dsa_invocation_id, &c2->source_dsa_invocation_id);
}


/*
  see if a computer identified by its invocationId is a RODC
*/
int samdb_is_rodc(struct ldb_context *sam_ctx, const struct GUID *objectGUID, bool *is_rodc)
{
        /* 1) find the DN for this servers NTDSDSA object
           2) search for the msDS-isRODC attribute
           3) if not present then not a RODC
           4) if present and TRUE then is a RODC
        */
        struct ldb_dn *config_dn;
        const char *attrs[] = { "msDS-isRODC", NULL };
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(sam_ctx);

        config_dn = ldb_get_config_basedn(sam_ctx);
        if (!config_dn) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_operr(sam_ctx);
        }

        ret = dsdb_search(sam_ctx, tmp_ctx, &res, config_dn, LDB_SCOPE_SUBTREE, attrs,
                          DSDB_SEARCH_ONE_ONLY, "objectGUID=%s", GUID_string(tmp_ctx, objectGUID));

        if (ret == LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT) {
                *is_rodc = false;
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return LDB_SUCCESS;
        }

        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(1,(("Failed to find our own NTDS Settings object by objectGUID=%s!\n"),
                         GUID_string(tmp_ctx, objectGUID)));
                *is_rodc = false;
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }

        ret = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_bool(res->msgs[0], "msDS-isRODC", 0);
        *is_rodc = (ret == 1);

        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}


/*
  see if we are a RODC
*/
int samdb_rodc(struct ldb_context *sam_ctx, bool *am_rodc)
{
        const struct GUID *objectGUID;
        int ret;
        bool *cached;

        /* see if we have a cached copy */
        cached = (bool *)ldb_get_opaque(sam_ctx, "cache.am_rodc");
        if (cached) {
                *am_rodc = *cached;
                return LDB_SUCCESS;
        }

        objectGUID = samdb_ntds_objectGUID(sam_ctx);
        if (!objectGUID) {
                return ldb_operr(sam_ctx);
        }

        ret = samdb_is_rodc(sam_ctx, objectGUID, am_rodc);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }

        cached = talloc(sam_ctx, bool);
        if (cached == NULL) {
                return ldb_oom(sam_ctx);
        }
        *cached = *am_rodc;

        ret = ldb_set_opaque(sam_ctx, "cache.am_rodc", cached);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(cached);
                return ldb_operr(sam_ctx);
        }

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

bool samdb_set_am_rodc(struct ldb_context *ldb, bool am_rodc)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        bool *cached;

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        cached = talloc(tmp_ctx, bool);
        if (!cached) {
                goto failed;
        }

        *cached = am_rodc;
        if (ldb_set_opaque(ldb, "cache.am_rodc", cached) != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        talloc_steal(ldb, cached);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return true;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to set our own cached am_rodc in the ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return false;
}


/*
 * return NTDSSiteSettings options. See MS-ADTS 7.1.1.2.2.1.1
 * flags are DS_NTDSSETTINGS_OPT_*
 */
int samdb_ntds_site_settings_options(struct ldb_context *ldb_ctx,
                                        uint32_t *options)
{
        int rc;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        struct ldb_dn *site_dn;
        const char *attrs[] = { "options", NULL };

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb_ctx);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL)
                goto failed;

        /* Retrieve the site dn for the ldb that we
         * have open.  This is our local site.
         */
        site_dn = samdb_server_site_dn(ldb_ctx, tmp_ctx);
        if (site_dn == NULL)
                goto failed;

        /* Perform a one level (child) search from the local
         * site distinguided name.   We're looking for the
         * "options" attribute within the nTDSSiteSettings
         * object
         */
        rc = ldb_search(ldb_ctx, tmp_ctx, &res, site_dn,
                        LDB_SCOPE_ONELEVEL, attrs,
                        "objectClass=nTDSSiteSettings");

        if (rc != LDB_SUCCESS || res->count != 1)
                goto failed;

        *options = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint(res->msgs[0], "options", 0);

        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to find our NTDS Site Settings options in ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return ldb_error(ldb_ctx, LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT, __func__);
}

/*
  return NTDS options flags. See MS-ADTS 7.1.1.2.2.1.2.1.1 

  flags are DS_NTDS_OPTION_*
*/
int samdb_ntds_options(struct ldb_context *ldb, uint32_t *options)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        const char *attrs[] = { "options", NULL };
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                goto failed;
        }

        ret = ldb_search(ldb, tmp_ctx, &res, samdb_ntds_settings_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx), LDB_SCOPE_BASE, attrs, NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        if (res->count != 1) {
                goto failed;
        }

        *options = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint(res->msgs[0], "options", 0);

        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to find our own NTDS Settings options in the ldb!\n"));
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return ldb_error(ldb, LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT, __func__);
}

const char* samdb_ntds_object_category(TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx, struct ldb_context *ldb)
{
        const char *attrs[] = { "objectCategory", NULL };
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;

        ret = ldb_search(ldb, tmp_ctx, &res, samdb_ntds_settings_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx), LDB_SCOPE_BASE, attrs, NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                goto failed;
        }

        if (res->count != 1) {
                goto failed;
        }

        return ldb_msg_find_attr_as_string(res->msgs[0], "objectCategory", NULL);

failed:
        DEBUG(1,("Failed to find our own NTDS Settings objectCategory in the ldb!\n"));
        return NULL;
}

/*
 * Function which generates a "lDAPDisplayName" attribute from a "CN" one.
 * Algorithm implemented according to MS-ADTS 3.1.1.2.3.4
 */
const char *samdb_cn_to_lDAPDisplayName(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const char *cn)
{
        char **tokens, *ret;
        size_t i;

        tokens = str_list_make(mem_ctx, cn, " -_");
        if (tokens == NULL || tokens[0] == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }

        /* "tolower()" and "toupper()" should also work properly on 0x00 */
        tokens[0][0] = tolower(tokens[0][0]);
        for (i = 1; tokens[i] != NULL; i++)
                tokens[i][0] = toupper(tokens[i][0]);

        ret = talloc_strdup(mem_ctx, tokens[0]);
        for (i = 1; tokens[i] != NULL; i++)
                ret = talloc_asprintf_append_buffer(ret, "%s", tokens[i]);

        talloc_free(tokens);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * This detects and returns the domain functional level (DS_DOMAIN_FUNCTION_*)
 */
int dsdb_functional_level(struct ldb_context *ldb)
{
        int *domainFunctionality =
                talloc_get_type(ldb_get_opaque(ldb, "domainFunctionality"), int);
        if (!domainFunctionality) {
                /* this is expected during initial provision */
                DEBUG(4,(__location__ ": WARNING: domainFunctionality not setup\n"));
                return DS_DOMAIN_FUNCTION_2000;
        }
        return *domainFunctionality;
}

/*
 * This detects and returns the forest functional level (DS_DOMAIN_FUNCTION_*)
 */
int dsdb_forest_functional_level(struct ldb_context *ldb)
{
        int *forestFunctionality =
                talloc_get_type(ldb_get_opaque(ldb, "forestFunctionality"), int);
        if (!forestFunctionality) {
                DEBUG(0,(__location__ ": WARNING: forestFunctionality not setup\n"));
                return DS_DOMAIN_FUNCTION_2000;
        }
        return *forestFunctionality;
}

/*
  set a GUID in an extended DN structure
 */
int dsdb_set_extended_dn_guid(struct ldb_dn *dn, const struct GUID *guid, const char *component_name)
{
        struct ldb_val v;
        NTSTATUS status;
        int ret;

        status = GUID_to_ndr_blob(guid, dn, &v);
        if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(status)) {
                return LDB_ERR_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_SYNTAX;
        }

        ret = ldb_dn_set_extended_component(dn, component_name, &v);
        data_blob_free(&v);
        return ret;
}

/*
  return a GUID from a extended DN structure
 */
NTSTATUS dsdb_get_extended_dn_guid(struct ldb_dn *dn, struct GUID *guid, const char *component_name)
{
        const struct ldb_val *v;

        v = ldb_dn_get_extended_component(dn, component_name);
        if (v == NULL) {
                return NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        }

        return GUID_from_ndr_blob(v, guid);
}

/*
  return a uint64_t from a extended DN structure
 */
NTSTATUS dsdb_get_extended_dn_uint64(struct ldb_dn *dn, uint64_t *val, const char *component_name)
{
        const struct ldb_val *v;

        v = ldb_dn_get_extended_component(dn, component_name);
        if (v == NULL) {
                return NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        }

        {
                char s[v->length+1];
                memcpy(s, v->data, v->length);
                s[v->length] = 0;

                *val = strtoull(s, NULL, 0);
        }
        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}

/*
  return a NTTIME from a extended DN structure
 */
NTSTATUS dsdb_get_extended_dn_nttime(struct ldb_dn *dn, NTTIME *nttime, const char *component_name)
{
        return dsdb_get_extended_dn_uint64(dn, nttime, component_name);
}

/*
  return a uint32_t from a extended DN structure
 */
NTSTATUS dsdb_get_extended_dn_uint32(struct ldb_dn *dn, uint32_t *val, const char *component_name)
{
        const struct ldb_val *v;

        v = ldb_dn_get_extended_component(dn, component_name);
        if (v == NULL) {
                return NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        }

        {
                char s[v->length + 1];
                memcpy(s, v->data, v->length);
                s[v->length] = 0;
                *val = strtoul(s, NULL, 0);
        }

        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}

/*
  return a dom_sid from a extended DN structure
 */
NTSTATUS dsdb_get_extended_dn_sid(struct ldb_dn *dn, struct dom_sid *sid, const char *component_name)
{
        const struct ldb_val *sid_blob;
        enum ndr_err_code ndr_err;

        sid_blob = ldb_dn_get_extended_component(dn, component_name);
        if (!sid_blob) {
                return NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        }

        ndr_err = ndr_pull_struct_blob_all_noalloc(sid_blob, sid,
                                                   (ndr_pull_flags_fn_t)ndr_pull_dom_sid);
        if (!NDR_ERR_CODE_IS_SUCCESS(ndr_err)) {
                NTSTATUS status = ndr_map_error2ntstatus(ndr_err);
                return status;
        }

        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}


/*
  return RMD_FLAGS directly from a ldb_dn
  returns 0 if not found
 */
uint32_t dsdb_dn_rmd_flags(struct ldb_dn *dn)
{
        const struct ldb_val *v;
        char buf[32];
        v = ldb_dn_get_extended_component(dn, "RMD_FLAGS");
        if (!v || v->length > sizeof(buf)-1) return 0;
        strncpy(buf, (const char *)v->data, v->length);
        buf[v->length] = 0;
        return strtoul(buf, NULL, 10);
}

/*
  return RMD_FLAGS directly from a ldb_val for a DN
  returns 0 if RMD_FLAGS is not found
 */
uint32_t dsdb_dn_val_rmd_flags(const struct ldb_val *val)
{
        const char *p;
        uint32_t flags;
        char *end;

        if (val->length < 13) {
                return 0;
        }
        p = memmem(val->data, val->length, "<RMD_FLAGS=", 11);
        if (!p) {
                return 0;
        }
        flags = strtoul(p+11, &end, 10);
        if (!end || *end != '>') {
                /* it must end in a > */
                return 0;
        }
        return flags;
}

/*
  return true if a ldb_val containing a DN in storage form is deleted
 */
bool dsdb_dn_is_deleted_val(const struct ldb_val *val)
{
        return (dsdb_dn_val_rmd_flags(val) & DSDB_RMD_FLAG_DELETED) != 0;
}

/*
  return true if a ldb_val containing a DN in storage form is
  in the upgraded w2k3 linked attribute format
 */
bool dsdb_dn_is_upgraded_link_val(const struct ldb_val *val)
{
        return memmem(val->data, val->length, "<RMD_VERSION=", 13) != NULL;
}

/*
  return a DN for a wellknown GUID
 */
int dsdb_wellknown_dn(struct ldb_context *samdb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                      struct ldb_dn *nc_root, const char *wk_guid,
                      struct ldb_dn **wkguid_dn)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);
        const char *attrs[] = { NULL };
        int ret;
        struct ldb_dn *dn;
        struct ldb_result *res;

        /* construct the magic WKGUID DN */
        dn = ldb_dn_new_fmt(tmp_ctx, samdb, "<WKGUID=%s,%s>",
                            wk_guid, ldb_dn_get_linearized(nc_root));
        if (!wkguid_dn) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_operr(samdb);
        }

        ret = dsdb_search_dn(samdb, tmp_ctx, &res, dn, attrs,
                             DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_DELETED |
                             DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_RECYCLED);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }

        (*wkguid_dn) = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, res->msgs[0]->dn);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}


static int dsdb_dn_compare_ptrs(struct ldb_dn **dn1, struct ldb_dn **dn2)
{
        return ldb_dn_compare(*dn1, *dn2);
}

/*
  find a NC root given a DN within the NC
 */
int dsdb_find_nc_root(struct ldb_context *samdb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn *dn,
                      struct ldb_dn **nc_root)
{
        const char *root_attrs[] = { "namingContexts", NULL };
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx;
        int ret;
        struct ldb_message_element *el;
        struct ldb_result *root_res;
        unsigned int i;
        struct ldb_dn **nc_dns;

        tmp_ctx = talloc_new(samdb);
        if (tmp_ctx == NULL) {
                return ldb_oom(samdb);
        }

        ret = ldb_search(samdb, tmp_ctx, &root_res,
                         ldb_dn_new(tmp_ctx, samdb, ""), LDB_SCOPE_BASE, root_attrs, NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS || root_res->count == 0) {
                DEBUG(1,("Searching for namingContexts in rootDSE failed: %s\n", ldb_errstring(samdb)));
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }

        el = ldb_msg_find_element(root_res->msgs[0], "namingContexts");
        if ((el == NULL) || (el->num_values < 3)) {
                struct ldb_message *tmp_msg;

                DEBUG(5,("dsdb_find_nc_root: Finding a valid 'namingContexts' element in the RootDSE failed. Using a temporary list."));

                /* This generates a temporary list of NCs in order to let the
                 * provisioning work. */
                tmp_msg = ldb_msg_new(tmp_ctx);
                if (tmp_msg == NULL) {
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return ldb_oom(samdb);
                }
                ret = ldb_msg_add_steal_string(tmp_msg, "namingContexts",
                                               ldb_dn_alloc_linearized(tmp_msg, ldb_get_schema_basedn(samdb)));
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return ret;
                }
                ret = ldb_msg_add_steal_string(tmp_msg, "namingContexts",
                                               ldb_dn_alloc_linearized(tmp_msg, ldb_get_config_basedn(samdb)));
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return ret;
                }
                ret = ldb_msg_add_steal_string(tmp_msg, "namingContexts",
                                               ldb_dn_alloc_linearized(tmp_msg, ldb_get_default_basedn(samdb)));
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return ret;
                }
                el = &tmp_msg->elements[0];
        }

       nc_dns = talloc_array(tmp_ctx, struct ldb_dn *, el->num_values);
       if (!nc_dns) {
               talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
               return ldb_oom(samdb);
       }

       for (i=0; i<el->num_values; i++) {
               nc_dns[i] = ldb_dn_from_ldb_val(nc_dns, samdb, &el->values[i]);
               if (nc_dns[i] == NULL) {
                       talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                       return ldb_operr(samdb);
               }
       }

       TYPESAFE_QSORT(nc_dns, el->num_values, dsdb_dn_compare_ptrs);

       for (i=0; i<el->num_values; i++) {
               if (ldb_dn_compare_base(nc_dns[i], dn) == 0) {
                       (*nc_root) = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, nc_dns[i]);
                       talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                       return LDB_SUCCESS;
               }
       }

       talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
       return ldb_error(samdb, LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT, __func__);
}


/*
  find the deleted objects DN for any object, by looking for the NC
  root, then looking up the wellknown GUID
 */
int dsdb_get_deleted_objects_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                                TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, struct ldb_dn *obj_dn,
                                struct ldb_dn **do_dn)
{
        struct ldb_dn *nc_root;
        int ret;

        ret = dsdb_find_nc_root(ldb, mem_ctx, obj_dn, &nc_root);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }

        ret = dsdb_wellknown_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, nc_root, DS_GUID_DELETED_OBJECTS_CONTAINER, do_dn);
        talloc_free(nc_root);
        return ret;
}

/*
  return the tombstoneLifetime, in days
 */
int dsdb_tombstone_lifetime(struct ldb_context *ldb, uint32_t *lifetime)
{
        struct ldb_dn *dn;
        dn = ldb_get_config_basedn(ldb);
        if (!dn) {
                return ldb_error(ldb, LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT, __func__);
        }
        dn = ldb_dn_copy(ldb, dn);
        if (!dn) {
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }
        /* see MS-ADTS section 7.1.1.2.4.1.1. There doesn't appear to
         be a wellknown GUID for this */
        if (!ldb_dn_add_child_fmt(dn, "CN=Directory Service,CN=Windows NT,CN=Services")) {
                talloc_free(dn);
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }

        *lifetime = samdb_search_uint(ldb, dn, 180, dn, "tombstoneLifetime", "objectClass=nTDSService");
        talloc_free(dn);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  compare a ldb_val to a string case insensitively
 */
int samdb_ldb_val_case_cmp(const char *s, struct ldb_val *v)
{
        size_t len = strlen(s);
        int ret;
        if (len > v->length) return 1;
        ret = strncasecmp(s, (const char *)v->data, v->length);
        if (ret != 0) return ret;
        if (v->length > len && v->data[len] != 0) {
                return -1;
        }
        return 0;
}


/*
  load the UDV for a partition in v2 format
  The list is returned sorted, and with our local cursor added
 */
int dsdb_load_udv_v2(struct ldb_context *samdb, struct ldb_dn *dn, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                     struct drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor2 **cursors, uint32_t *count)
{
        static const char *attrs[] = { "replUpToDateVector", NULL };
        struct ldb_result *r;
        const struct ldb_val *ouv_value;
        unsigned int i;
        int ret;
        uint64_t highest_usn = 0;
        const struct GUID *our_invocation_id;
        static const struct timeval tv1970;
        NTTIME nt1970 = timeval_to_nttime(&tv1970);

        ret = dsdb_search_dn(samdb, mem_ctx, &r, dn, attrs, DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_RECYCLED|DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_DELETED);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }

        ouv_value = ldb_msg_find_ldb_val(r->msgs[0], "replUpToDateVector");
        if (ouv_value) {
                enum ndr_err_code ndr_err;
                struct replUpToDateVectorBlob ouv;

                ndr_err = ndr_pull_struct_blob(ouv_value, r, &ouv,
                                               (ndr_pull_flags_fn_t)ndr_pull_replUpToDateVectorBlob);
                if (!NDR_ERR_CODE_IS_SUCCESS(ndr_err)) {
                        talloc_free(r);
                        return LDB_ERR_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_SYNTAX;
                }
                if (ouv.version != 2) {
                        /* we always store as version 2, and
                         * replUpToDateVector is not replicated
                         */
                        return LDB_ERR_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_SYNTAX;
                }

                *count = ouv.ctr.ctr2.count;
                *cursors = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, ouv.ctr.ctr2.cursors);
        } else {
                *count = 0;
                *cursors = NULL;
        }

        talloc_free(r);

        our_invocation_id = samdb_ntds_invocation_id(samdb);
        if (!our_invocation_id) {
                DEBUG(0,(__location__ ": No invocationID on samdb - %s\n", ldb_errstring(samdb)));
                talloc_free(*cursors);
                return ldb_operr(samdb);
        }

        ret = ldb_sequence_number(samdb, LDB_SEQ_HIGHEST_SEQ, &highest_usn);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                /* nothing to add - this can happen after a vampire */
                TYPESAFE_QSORT(*cursors, *count, drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor2_compare);
                return LDB_SUCCESS;
        }

        for (i=0; i<*count; i++) {
                if (GUID_equal(our_invocation_id, &(*cursors)[i].source_dsa_invocation_id)) {
                        (*cursors)[i].highest_usn = highest_usn;
                        (*cursors)[i].last_sync_success = nt1970;
                        TYPESAFE_QSORT(*cursors, *count, drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor2_compare);
                        return LDB_SUCCESS;
                }
        }

        (*cursors) = talloc_realloc(mem_ctx, *cursors, struct drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor2, (*count)+1);
        if (! *cursors) {
                return ldb_oom(samdb);
        }

        (*cursors)[*count].source_dsa_invocation_id = *our_invocation_id;
        (*cursors)[*count].highest_usn = highest_usn;
        (*cursors)[*count].last_sync_success = nt1970;
        (*count)++;

        TYPESAFE_QSORT(*cursors, *count, drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor2_compare);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  load the UDV for a partition in version 1 format
  The list is returned sorted, and with our local cursor added
 */
int dsdb_load_udv_v1(struct ldb_context *samdb, struct ldb_dn *dn, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                     struct drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor **cursors, uint32_t *count)
{
        struct drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor2 *v2;
        uint32_t i;
        int ret;

        ret = dsdb_load_udv_v2(samdb, dn, mem_ctx, &v2, count);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }

        if (*count == 0) {
                talloc_free(v2);
                *cursors = NULL;
                return LDB_SUCCESS;
        }

        *cursors = talloc_array(mem_ctx, struct drsuapi_DsReplicaCursor, *count);
        if (*cursors == NULL) {
                talloc_free(v2);
                return ldb_oom(samdb);
        }

        for (i=0; i<*count; i++) {
                (*cursors)[i].source_dsa_invocation_id = v2[i].source_dsa_invocation_id;
                (*cursors)[i].highest_usn = v2[i].highest_usn;
        }
        talloc_free(v2);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  add a set of controls to a ldb_request structure based on a set of
  flags. See util.h for a list of available flags
 */
int dsdb_request_add_controls(struct ldb_request *req, uint32_t dsdb_flags)
{
        int ret;
        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_SEARCH_SEARCH_ALL_PARTITIONS) {
                struct ldb_search_options_control *options;
                /* Using the phantom root control allows us to search all partitions */
                options = talloc(req, struct ldb_search_options_control);
                if (options == NULL) {
                        return LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
                }
                options->search_options = LDB_SEARCH_OPTION_PHANTOM_ROOT;

                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req,
                                              LDB_CONTROL_SEARCH_OPTIONS_OID,
                                              true, options);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_SEARCH_NO_GLOBAL_CATALOG) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req,
                                              DSDB_CONTROL_NO_GLOBAL_CATALOG,
                                              false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_DELETED) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, LDB_CONTROL_SHOW_DELETED_OID, true, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_RECYCLED) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, LDB_CONTROL_SHOW_RECYCLED_OID, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_DN_IN_STORAGE_FORMAT) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, DSDB_CONTROL_DN_STORAGE_FORMAT_OID, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_EXTENDED_DN) {
                struct ldb_extended_dn_control *extended_ctrl = talloc(req, struct ldb_extended_dn_control);
                if (!extended_ctrl) {
                        return LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR;
                }
                extended_ctrl->type = 1;

                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, LDB_CONTROL_EXTENDED_DN_OID, true, extended_ctrl);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_SEARCH_REVEAL_INTERNALS) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, LDB_CONTROL_REVEAL_INTERNALS, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_MODIFY_RELAX) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, LDB_CONTROL_RELAX_OID, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_MODIFY_PERMISSIVE) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, LDB_CONTROL_PERMISSIVE_MODIFY_OID, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_FLAG_AS_SYSTEM) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, LDB_CONTROL_AS_SYSTEM_OID, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_TREE_DELETE) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, LDB_CONTROL_TREE_DELETE_OID, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_PROVISION) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, LDB_CONTROL_PROVISION_OID, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        /* This is a special control to bypass the password_hash module for use in pdb_samba4 for Samba3 upgrades */
        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_BYPASS_PASSWORD_HASH) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, DSDB_CONTROL_BYPASS_PASSWORD_HASH_OID, true, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_PASSWORD_BYPASS_LAST_SET) {
                /* 
                 * This must not be critical, as it will only be
                 * handled (and need to be handled) if the other
                 * attributes in the request bring password_hash into
                 * action
                 */
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, DSDB_CONTROL_PASSWORD_BYPASS_LAST_SET_OID, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_MODIFY_PARTIAL_REPLICA) {
                ret = ldb_request_add_control(req, DSDB_CONTROL_PARTIAL_REPLICA, false, NULL);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  an add with a set of controls
*/
int dsdb_add(struct ldb_context *ldb, const struct ldb_message *message,
             uint32_t dsdb_flags)
{
        struct ldb_request *req;
        int ret;

        ret = ldb_build_add_req(&req, ldb, ldb,
                                message,
                                NULL,
                                NULL,
                                ldb_op_default_callback,
                                NULL);

        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) return ret;

        ret = dsdb_request_add_controls(req, dsdb_flags);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(req);
                return ret;
        }

        ret = dsdb_autotransaction_request(ldb, req);

        talloc_free(req);
        return ret;
}

/*
  a modify with a set of controls
*/
int dsdb_modify(struct ldb_context *ldb, const struct ldb_message *message,
                uint32_t dsdb_flags)
{
        struct ldb_request *req;
        int ret;

        ret = ldb_build_mod_req(&req, ldb, ldb,
                                message,
                                NULL,
                                NULL,
                                ldb_op_default_callback,
                                NULL);

        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) return ret;

        ret = dsdb_request_add_controls(req, dsdb_flags);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(req);
                return ret;
        }

        ret = dsdb_autotransaction_request(ldb, req);

        talloc_free(req);
        return ret;
}

/*
  a delete with a set of flags
*/
int dsdb_delete(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_dn *dn,
                uint32_t dsdb_flags)
{
        struct ldb_request *req;
        int ret;

        ret = ldb_build_del_req(&req, ldb, ldb,
                                dn,
                                NULL,
                                NULL,
                                ldb_op_default_callback,
                                NULL);

        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) return ret;

        ret = dsdb_request_add_controls(req, dsdb_flags);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(req);
                return ret;
        }

        ret = dsdb_autotransaction_request(ldb, req);

        talloc_free(req);
        return ret;
}

/*
  like dsdb_modify() but set all the element flags to
  LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE
 */
int dsdb_replace(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_message *msg, uint32_t dsdb_flags)
{
        unsigned int i;

        /* mark all the message elements as LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE */
        for (i=0;i<msg->num_elements;i++) {
                msg->elements[i].flags = LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE;
        }

        return dsdb_modify(ldb, msg, dsdb_flags);
}


/*
  search for attrs on one DN, allowing for dsdb_flags controls
 */
int dsdb_search_dn(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                   TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                   struct ldb_result **_result,
                   struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                   const char * const *attrs,
                   uint32_t dsdb_flags)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_request *req;
        struct ldb_result *res;

        res = talloc_zero(mem_ctx, struct ldb_result);
        if (!res) {
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }

        ret = ldb_build_search_req(&req, ldb, res,
                                   basedn,
                                   LDB_SCOPE_BASE,
                                   NULL,
                                   attrs,
                                   NULL,
                                   res,
                                   ldb_search_default_callback,
                                   NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(res);
                return ret;
        }

        ret = dsdb_request_add_controls(req, dsdb_flags);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(res);
                return ret;
        }

        ret = ldb_request(ldb, req);
        if (ret == LDB_SUCCESS) {
                ret = ldb_wait(req->handle, LDB_WAIT_ALL);
        }

        talloc_free(req);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(res);
                return ret;
        }

        *_result = res;
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/*
  search for attrs on one DN, by the GUID of the DN, allowing for
  dsdb_flags controls
 */
int dsdb_search_by_dn_guid(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                           TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                           struct ldb_result **_result,
                           const struct GUID *guid,
                           const char * const *attrs,
                           uint32_t dsdb_flags)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);
        struct ldb_dn *dn;
        int ret;

        dn = ldb_dn_new_fmt(tmp_ctx, ldb, "<GUID=%s>", GUID_string(tmp_ctx, guid));
        if (dn == NULL) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }

        ret = dsdb_search_dn(ldb, mem_ctx, _result, dn, attrs, dsdb_flags);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return ret;
}

/*
  general search with dsdb_flags for controls
 */
int dsdb_search(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                struct ldb_result **_result,
                struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                enum ldb_scope scope,
                const char * const *attrs,
                uint32_t dsdb_flags,
                const char *exp_fmt, ...) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(8, 9)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_request *req;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        va_list ap;
        char *expression = NULL;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);

        /* cross-partitions searches with a basedn break multi-domain support */
        SMB_ASSERT(basedn == NULL || (dsdb_flags & DSDB_SEARCH_SEARCH_ALL_PARTITIONS) == 0);

        res = talloc_zero(tmp_ctx, struct ldb_result);
        if (!res) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }

        if (exp_fmt) {
                va_start(ap, exp_fmt);
                expression = talloc_vasprintf(tmp_ctx, exp_fmt, ap);
                va_end(ap);

                if (!expression) {
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return ldb_oom(ldb);
                }
        }

        ret = ldb_build_search_req(&req, ldb, tmp_ctx,
                                   basedn,
                                   scope,
                                   expression,
                                   attrs,
                                   NULL,
                                   res,
                                   ldb_search_default_callback,
                                   NULL);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }

        ret = dsdb_request_add_controls(req, dsdb_flags);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                ldb_reset_err_string(ldb);
                return ret;
        }

        ret = ldb_request(ldb, req);
        if (ret == LDB_SUCCESS) {
                ret = ldb_wait(req->handle, LDB_WAIT_ALL);
        }

        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }

        if (dsdb_flags & DSDB_SEARCH_ONE_ONLY) {
                if (res->count == 0) {
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        ldb_reset_err_string(ldb);
                        return ldb_error(ldb, LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT, __func__);
                }
                if (res->count != 1) {
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        ldb_reset_err_string(ldb);
                        return LDB_ERR_CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION;
                }
        }

        *_result = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, res);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}


/*
  general search with dsdb_flags for controls
  returns exactly 1 record or an error
 */
int dsdb_search_one(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                    TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                    struct ldb_message **msg,
                    struct ldb_dn *basedn,
                    enum ldb_scope scope,
                    const char * const *attrs,
                    uint32_t dsdb_flags,
                    const char *exp_fmt, ...) _PRINTF_ATTRIBUTE(8, 9)
{
        int ret;
        struct ldb_result *res;
        va_list ap;
        char *expression = NULL;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(mem_ctx);

        dsdb_flags |= DSDB_SEARCH_ONE_ONLY;

        res = talloc_zero(tmp_ctx, struct ldb_result);
        if (!res) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }

        if (exp_fmt) {
                va_start(ap, exp_fmt);
                expression = talloc_vasprintf(tmp_ctx, exp_fmt, ap);
                va_end(ap);

                if (!expression) {
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return ldb_oom(ldb);
                }
                ret = dsdb_search(ldb, tmp_ctx, &res, basedn, scope, attrs,
                                  dsdb_flags, "%s", expression);
        } else {
                ret = dsdb_search(ldb, tmp_ctx, &res, basedn, scope, attrs,
                                  dsdb_flags, NULL);
        }

        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }

        *msg = talloc_steal(mem_ctx, res->msgs[0]);
        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/* returns back the forest DNS name */
const char *samdb_forest_name(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
        const char *forest_name = ldb_dn_canonical_string(mem_ctx,
                                                          ldb_get_root_basedn(ldb));
        char *p;

        if (forest_name == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }

        p = strchr(forest_name, '/');
        if (p) {
                *p = '\0';
        }

        return forest_name;
}

/* returns back the default domain DNS name */
const char *samdb_default_domain_name(struct ldb_context *ldb, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx)
{
        const char *domain_name = ldb_dn_canonical_string(mem_ctx,
                                                          ldb_get_default_basedn(ldb));
        char *p;

        if (domain_name == NULL) {
                return NULL;
        }

        p = strchr(domain_name, '/');
        if (p) {
                *p = '\0';
        }

        return domain_name;
}

/*
   validate that an DSA GUID belongs to the specified user sid.
   The user SID must be a domain controller account (either RODC or
   RWDC)
 */
int dsdb_validate_dsa_guid(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                           const struct GUID *dsa_guid,
                           const struct dom_sid *sid)
{
        /* strategy:
            - find DN of record with the DSA GUID in the
              configuration partition (objectGUID)
            - remove "NTDS Settings" component from DN
            - do a base search on that DN for serverReference with
              extended-dn enabled
            - extract objectSid from resulting serverReference
              attribute
            - check this sid matches the sid argument
        */
        struct ldb_dn *config_dn;
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        struct ldb_message *msg;
        const char *attrs1[] = { NULL };
        const char *attrs2[] = { "serverReference", NULL };
        int ret;
        struct ldb_dn *dn, *account_dn;
        struct dom_sid sid2;
        NTSTATUS status;

        config_dn = ldb_get_config_basedn(ldb);

        ret = dsdb_search_one(ldb, tmp_ctx, &msg, config_dn, LDB_SCOPE_SUBTREE,
                              attrs1, 0, "(&(objectGUID=%s)(objectClass=nTDSDSA))", GUID_string(tmp_ctx, dsa_guid));
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(1,(__location__ ": Failed to find DSA objectGUID %s for sid %s\n",
                         GUID_string(tmp_ctx, dsa_guid), dom_sid_string(tmp_ctx, sid)));
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }
        dn = msg->dn;

        if (!ldb_dn_remove_child_components(dn, 1)) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }

        ret = dsdb_search_one(ldb, tmp_ctx, &msg, dn, LDB_SCOPE_BASE,
                              attrs2, DSDB_SEARCH_SHOW_EXTENDED_DN,
                              "(objectClass=server)");
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(1,(__location__ ": Failed to find server record for DSA with objectGUID %s, sid %s\n",
                         GUID_string(tmp_ctx, dsa_guid), dom_sid_string(tmp_ctx, sid)));
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }

        account_dn = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, msg, "serverReference");
        if (account_dn == NULL) {
                DEBUG(1,(__location__ ": Failed to find account dn "
                         "(serverReference) for %s, parent of DSA with "
                         "objectGUID %s, sid %s\n",
                         ldb_dn_get_linearized(msg->dn),
                         GUID_string(tmp_ctx, dsa_guid),
                         dom_sid_string(tmp_ctx, sid)));
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }

        status = dsdb_get_extended_dn_sid(account_dn, &sid2, "SID");
        if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(status)) {
                DEBUG(1,(__location__ ": Failed to find SID for DSA with objectGUID %s, sid %s\n",
                         GUID_string(tmp_ctx, dsa_guid), dom_sid_string(tmp_ctx, sid)));
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }

        if (!dom_sid_equal(sid, &sid2)) {
                /* someone is trying to spoof another account */
                DEBUG(0,(__location__ ": Bad DSA objectGUID %s for sid %s - expected sid %s\n",
                         GUID_string(tmp_ctx, dsa_guid),
                         dom_sid_string(tmp_ctx, sid),
                         dom_sid_string(tmp_ctx, &sid2)));
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_operr(ldb);
        }

        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

static const char * const secret_attributes[] = {
        DSDB_SECRET_ATTRIBUTES,
        NULL
};

/*
  check if the attribute belongs to the RODC filtered attribute set
  Note that attributes that are in the filtered attribute set are the
  ones that _are_ always sent to a RODC
*/
bool dsdb_attr_in_rodc_fas(const struct dsdb_attribute *sa)
{
        /* they never get secret attributes */
        if (is_attr_in_list(secret_attributes, sa->lDAPDisplayName)) {
                return false;
        }

        /* they do get non-secret critical attributes */
        if (sa->schemaFlagsEx & SCHEMA_FLAG_ATTR_IS_CRITICAL) {
                return true;
        }

        /* they do get non-secret attributes marked as being in the FAS  */
        if (sa->searchFlags & SEARCH_FLAG_RODC_ATTRIBUTE) {
                return true;
        }

        /* other attributes are denied */
        return false;
}

/* return fsmo role dn and role owner dn for a particular role*/
WERROR dsdb_get_fsmo_role_info(TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx,
                               struct ldb_context *ldb,
                               uint32_t role,
                               struct ldb_dn **fsmo_role_dn,
                               struct ldb_dn **role_owner_dn)
{
        int ret;
        switch (role) {
        case DREPL_NAMING_MASTER:
                *fsmo_role_dn = samdb_partitions_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx);
                ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, *fsmo_role_dn, "fSMORoleOwner", role_owner_dn);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        DEBUG(0,(__location__ ": Failed to find fSMORoleOwner in Naming Master object - %s",
                                 ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
                }
                break;
        case DREPL_INFRASTRUCTURE_MASTER:
                *fsmo_role_dn = samdb_infrastructure_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx);
                ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, *fsmo_role_dn, "fSMORoleOwner", role_owner_dn);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        DEBUG(0,(__location__ ": Failed to find fSMORoleOwner in Schema Master object - %s",
                                 ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
                }
                break;
        case DREPL_RID_MASTER:
                ret = samdb_rid_manager_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, fsmo_role_dn);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        DEBUG(0, (__location__ ": Failed to find RID Manager object - %s", ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
                }

                ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, *fsmo_role_dn, "fSMORoleOwner", role_owner_dn);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        DEBUG(0,(__location__ ": Failed to find fSMORoleOwner in RID Manager object - %s",
                                 ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
                }
                break;
        case DREPL_SCHEMA_MASTER:
                *fsmo_role_dn = ldb_get_schema_basedn(ldb);
                ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, *fsmo_role_dn, "fSMORoleOwner", role_owner_dn);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        DEBUG(0,(__location__ ": Failed to find fSMORoleOwner in Schema Master object - %s",
                                 ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
                }
                break;
        case DREPL_PDC_MASTER:
                *fsmo_role_dn = ldb_get_default_basedn(ldb);
                ret = samdb_reference_dn(ldb, tmp_ctx, *fsmo_role_dn, "fSMORoleOwner", role_owner_dn);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        DEBUG(0,(__location__ ": Failed to find fSMORoleOwner in Pd Master object - %s",
                                 ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                        return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
                }
                break;
        default:
                return WERR_DS_DRA_INTERNAL_ERROR;
        }
        return WERR_OK;
}

const char *samdb_dn_to_dnshostname(struct ldb_context *ldb,
                                    TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                    struct ldb_dn *server_dn)
{
        int ldb_ret;
        struct ldb_result *res = NULL;
        const char * const attrs[] = { "dNSHostName", NULL};

        ldb_ret = ldb_search(ldb, mem_ctx, &res,
                             server_dn,
                             LDB_SCOPE_BASE,
                             attrs, NULL);
        if (ldb_ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                DEBUG(4, ("Failed to find dNSHostName for dn %s, ldb error: %s",
                          ldb_dn_get_linearized(server_dn), ldb_errstring(ldb)));
                return NULL;
        }

        return ldb_msg_find_attr_as_string(res->msgs[0], "dNSHostName", NULL);
}

/*
  returns true if an attribute is in the filter,
  false otherwise, provided that attribute value is provided with the expression
*/
bool dsdb_attr_in_parse_tree(struct ldb_parse_tree *tree,
                             const char *attr)
{
       unsigned int i;
       switch (tree->operation) {
       case LDB_OP_AND:
       case LDB_OP_OR:
               for (i=0;i<tree->u.list.num_elements;i++) {
                       if (dsdb_attr_in_parse_tree(tree->u.list.elements[i],
                                                       attr))
                               return true;
               }
               return false;
       case LDB_OP_NOT:
               return dsdb_attr_in_parse_tree(tree->u.isnot.child, attr);
       case LDB_OP_EQUALITY:
       case LDB_OP_GREATER:
       case LDB_OP_LESS:
       case LDB_OP_APPROX:
               if (ldb_attr_cmp(tree->u.equality.attr, attr) == 0) {
                       return true;
               }
               return false;
       case LDB_OP_SUBSTRING:
               if (ldb_attr_cmp(tree->u.substring.attr, attr) == 0) {
                       return true;
               }
               return false;
       case LDB_OP_PRESENT:
               /* (attrname=*) is not filtered out */
               return false;
       case LDB_OP_EXTENDED:
               if (tree->u.extended.attr &&
                   ldb_attr_cmp(tree->u.extended.attr, attr) == 0) {
                       return true;
               }
               return false;
       }
       return false;
}

bool is_attr_in_list(const char * const * attrs, const char *attr)
{
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; attrs[i]; i++) {
                if (ldb_attr_cmp(attrs[i], attr) == 0)
                        return true;
        }

        return false;
}

int dsdb_werror_at(struct ldb_context *ldb, int ldb_ecode, WERROR werr,
                   const char *location, const char *func,
                   const char *reason)
{
        if (reason == NULL) {
                reason = win_errstr(werr);
        }
        ldb_asprintf_errstring(ldb, "%08X: %s at %s:%s",
                               W_ERROR_V(werr), reason, location, func);
        return ldb_ecode;
}

/*
  map an ldb error code to an approximate NTSTATUS code
 */
NTSTATUS dsdb_ldb_err_to_ntstatus(int err)
{
        switch (err) {
        case LDB_SUCCESS:
                return NT_STATUS_OK;

        case LDB_ERR_PROTOCOL_ERROR:
                return NT_STATUS_DEVICE_PROTOCOL_ERROR;

        case LDB_ERR_TIME_LIMIT_EXCEEDED:
                return NT_STATUS_IO_TIMEOUT;

        case LDB_ERR_SIZE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED:
                return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;

        case LDB_ERR_COMPARE_FALSE:
        case LDB_ERR_COMPARE_TRUE:
                return NT_STATUS_REVISION_MISMATCH;

        case LDB_ERR_AUTH_METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED:
                return NT_STATUS_NOT_SUPPORTED;

        case LDB_ERR_STRONG_AUTH_REQUIRED:
        case LDB_ERR_CONFIDENTIALITY_REQUIRED:
        case LDB_ERR_SASL_BIND_IN_PROGRESS:
        case LDB_ERR_INAPPROPRIATE_AUTHENTICATION:
        case LDB_ERR_INVALID_CREDENTIALS:
        case LDB_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_ACCESS_RIGHTS:
        case LDB_ERR_UNWILLING_TO_PERFORM:
                return NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED;

        case LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_OBJECT:
                return NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND;

        case LDB_ERR_REFERRAL:
        case LDB_ERR_NO_SUCH_ATTRIBUTE:
                return NT_STATUS_NOT_FOUND;

        case LDB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_CRITICAL_EXTENSION:
                return NT_STATUS_NOT_SUPPORTED;

        case LDB_ERR_ADMIN_LIMIT_EXCEEDED:
                return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;

        case LDB_ERR_UNDEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE:
        case LDB_ERR_INAPPROPRIATE_MATCHING:
        case LDB_ERR_CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION:
        case LDB_ERR_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_SYNTAX:
        case LDB_ERR_INVALID_DN_SYNTAX:
        case LDB_ERR_NAMING_VIOLATION:
        case LDB_ERR_OBJECT_CLASS_VIOLATION:
        case LDB_ERR_NOT_ALLOWED_ON_NON_LEAF:
        case LDB_ERR_NOT_ALLOWED_ON_RDN:
                return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;

        case LDB_ERR_ATTRIBUTE_OR_VALUE_EXISTS:
        case LDB_ERR_ENTRY_ALREADY_EXISTS:
                return NT_STATUS_ERROR_DS_OBJ_STRING_NAME_EXISTS;

        case LDB_ERR_BUSY:
                return NT_STATUS_NETWORK_BUSY;

        case LDB_ERR_ALIAS_PROBLEM:
        case LDB_ERR_ALIAS_DEREFERENCING_PROBLEM:
        case LDB_ERR_UNAVAILABLE:
        case LDB_ERR_LOOP_DETECT:
        case LDB_ERR_OBJECT_CLASS_MODS_PROHIBITED:
        case LDB_ERR_AFFECTS_MULTIPLE_DSAS:
        case LDB_ERR_OTHER:
        case LDB_ERR_OPERATIONS_ERROR:
                break;
        }
        return NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
}


/*
  create a new naming context that will hold a partial replica
 */
int dsdb_create_partial_replica_NC(struct ldb_context *ldb,  struct ldb_dn *dn)
{
        TALLOC_CTX *tmp_ctx = talloc_new(ldb);
        struct ldb_message *msg;
        int ret;

        msg = ldb_msg_new(tmp_ctx);
        if (msg == NULL) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }

        msg->dn = dn;
        ret = ldb_msg_add_string(msg, "objectClass", "top");
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }

        /* [MS-DRSR] implies that we should only add the 'top'
         * objectclass, but that would cause lots of problems with our
         * objectclass code as top is not structural, so we add
         * 'domainDNS' as well to keep things sane. We're expecting
         * this new NC to be of objectclass domainDNS after
         * replication anyway
         */
        ret = ldb_msg_add_string(msg, "objectClass", "domainDNS");
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }

        ret = ldb_msg_add_fmt(msg, "instanceType", "%u",
                              INSTANCE_TYPE_IS_NC_HEAD|
                              INSTANCE_TYPE_NC_ABOVE|
                              INSTANCE_TYPE_UNINSTANT);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ldb_oom(ldb);
        }

        ret = dsdb_add(ldb, msg, DSDB_MODIFY_PARTIAL_REPLICA);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS && ret != LDB_ERR_ENTRY_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
                DEBUG(0,("Failed to create new NC for %s - %s (%s)\n",
                         ldb_dn_get_linearized(dn),
                         ldb_errstring(ldb), ldb_strerror(ret)));
                talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
                return ret;
        }

        DEBUG(1,("Created new NC for %s\n", ldb_dn_get_linearized(dn)));

        talloc_free(tmp_ctx);
        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/**
  build a GUID from a string
*/
_PUBLIC_ NTSTATUS NS_GUID_from_string(const char *s, struct GUID *guid)
{
        NTSTATUS status = NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
        uint32_t time_low;
        uint32_t time_mid, time_hi_and_version;
        uint32_t clock_seq[2];
        uint32_t node[6];
        int i;

        if (s == NULL) {
                return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
        }

        if (11 == sscanf(s, "%08x-%04x%04x-%02x%02x%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x",
                         &time_low, &time_mid, &time_hi_and_version, 
                         &clock_seq[0], &clock_seq[1],
                         &node[0], &node[1], &node[2], &node[3], &node[4], &node[5])) {
                status = NT_STATUS_OK;
        }

        if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(status)) {
                return status;
        }

        guid->time_low = time_low;
        guid->time_mid = time_mid;
        guid->time_hi_and_version = time_hi_and_version;
        guid->clock_seq[0] = clock_seq[0];
        guid->clock_seq[1] = clock_seq[1];
        for (i=0;i<6;i++) {
                guid->node[i] = node[i];
        }

        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}

_PUBLIC_ char *NS_GUID_string(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const struct GUID *guid)
{
        return talloc_asprintf(mem_ctx, 
                               "%08x-%04x%04x-%02x%02x%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x",
                               guid->time_low, guid->time_mid,
                               guid->time_hi_and_version,
                               guid->clock_seq[0],
                               guid->clock_seq[1],
                               guid->node[0], guid->node[1],
                               guid->node[2], guid->node[3],
                               guid->node[4], guid->node[5]);
}

/*
 * Return the effective badPwdCount
 *
 * This requires that the user_msg have (if present):
 *  - badPasswordTime
 *  - badPwdCount
 *
 * This also requires that the domain_msg have (if present):
 *  - lockOutObservationWindow
 */
static int dsdb_effective_badPwdCount(struct ldb_message *user_msg,
                                      int64_t lockOutObservationWindow,
                                      NTTIME now)
{
        int64_t badPasswordTime;
        badPasswordTime = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_int64(user_msg, "badPasswordTime", 0);

        if (badPasswordTime - lockOutObservationWindow >= now) {
                return ldb_msg_find_attr_as_int(user_msg, "badPwdCount", 0);
        } else {
                return 0;
        }
}

/*
 * Return the effective badPwdCount
 *
 * This requires that the user_msg have (if present):
 *  - badPasswordTime
 *  - badPwdCount
 *
 */
int samdb_result_effective_badPwdCount(struct ldb_context *sam_ldb,
                                       TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                       struct ldb_dn *domain_dn,
                                       struct ldb_message *user_msg)
{
        struct timeval tv_now = timeval_current();
        NTTIME now = timeval_to_nttime(&tv_now);
        int64_t lockOutObservationWindow = samdb_search_int64(sam_ldb, mem_ctx, 0, domain_dn,
                                                              "lockOutObservationWindow", NULL);
        return dsdb_effective_badPwdCount(user_msg, lockOutObservationWindow, now);
}

/*
 * Prepare an update to the badPwdCount and associated attributes.
 *
 * This requires that the user_msg have (if present):
 *  - objectSid
 *  - badPasswordTime
 *  - badPwdCount
 *
 * This also requires that the domain_msg have (if present):
 *  - pwdProperties
 *  - lockoutThreshold
 *  - lockOutObservationWindow
 */
NTSTATUS dsdb_update_bad_pwd_count(TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx,
                                   struct ldb_context *sam_ctx,
                                   struct ldb_message *user_msg,
                                   struct ldb_message *domain_msg,
                                   struct ldb_message **_mod_msg)
{
        int i, ret, badPwdCount;
        int64_t lockoutThreshold, lockOutObservationWindow;
        struct dom_sid *sid;
        struct timeval tv_now = timeval_current();
        NTTIME now = timeval_to_nttime(&tv_now);
        NTSTATUS status;
        uint32_t pwdProperties, rid = 0;
        struct ldb_message *mod_msg;

        sid = samdb_result_dom_sid(mem_ctx, user_msg, "objectSid");

        pwdProperties = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_uint(domain_msg,
                                                  "pwdProperties", -1);
        if (sid && !(pwdProperties & DOMAIN_PASSWORD_LOCKOUT_ADMINS)) {
                status = dom_sid_split_rid(NULL, sid, NULL, &rid);
                if (!NT_STATUS_IS_OK(status)) {
                        /*
                         * This can't happen anyway, but always try
                         * and update the badPwdCount on failure
                         */
                        rid = 0;
                }
        }
        TALLOC_FREE(sid);

        /*
         * Work out if we are doing password lockout on the domain.
         * Also, the built in administrator account is exempt:
         * http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa375371%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
         */
        lockoutThreshold = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_int(domain_msg,
                                                    "lockoutThreshold", 0);
        if (lockoutThreshold == 0 || (rid == DOMAIN_RID_ADMINISTRATOR)) {
                DEBUG(5, ("Not updating badPwdCount on %s after wrong password\n",
                          ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn)));
                return NT_STATUS_OK;
        }

        mod_msg = ldb_msg_new(mem_ctx);
        if (mod_msg == NULL) {
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }
        mod_msg->dn = ldb_dn_copy(mod_msg, user_msg->dn);
        if (mod_msg->dn == NULL) {
                TALLOC_FREE(mod_msg);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }

        lockOutObservationWindow = ldb_msg_find_attr_as_int64(domain_msg,
                                                              "lockOutObservationWindow", 0);

        badPwdCount = dsdb_effective_badPwdCount(user_msg, lockOutObservationWindow, now);

        badPwdCount++;

        ret = samdb_msg_add_int(sam_ctx, mod_msg, mod_msg, "badPwdCount", badPwdCount);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                TALLOC_FREE(mod_msg);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }
        ret = samdb_msg_add_int64(sam_ctx, mod_msg, mod_msg, "badPasswordTime", now);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                TALLOC_FREE(mod_msg);
                return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
        }

        if (badPwdCount >= lockoutThreshold) {
                ret = samdb_msg_add_int64(sam_ctx, mod_msg, mod_msg, "lockoutTime", now);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        TALLOC_FREE(mod_msg);
                        return NT_STATUS_NO_MEMORY;
                }
                DEBUG(5, ("Locked out user %s after %d wrong passwords\n",
                          ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn), badPwdCount));
        } else {
                DEBUG(5, ("Updated badPwdCount on %s after %d wrong passwords\n",
                          ldb_dn_get_linearized(user_msg->dn), badPwdCount));
        }

        /* mark all the message elements as LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE */
        for (i=0; i< mod_msg->num_elements; i++) {
                mod_msg->elements[i].flags = LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE;
        }

        *_mod_msg = mod_msg;
        return NT_STATUS_OK;
}

/**
 * Sets defaults for a User object
 * List of default attributes set:
 *      accountExpires, badPasswordTime, badPwdCount,
 *      codePage, countryCode, lastLogoff, lastLogon
 *      logonCount, pwdLastSet
 */
int dsdb_user_obj_set_defaults(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_message *usr_obj)
{
        int i, ret;
        const struct attribute_values {
                const char *name;
                const char *value;
        } map[] = {
                {
                        .name = "accountExpires",
                        .value = "9223372036854775807"
                },
                {
                        .name = "badPasswordTime",
                        .value = "0"
                },
                {
                        .name = "badPwdCount",
                        .value = "0"
                },
                {
                        .name = "codePage",
                        .value = "0"
                },
                {
                        .name = "countryCode",
                        .value = "0"
                },
                {
                        .name = "lastLogoff",
                        .value = "0"
                },
                {
                        .name = "lastLogon",
                        .value = "0"
                },
                {
                        .name = "logonCount",
                        .value = "0"
                },
                {
                        .name = "pwdLastSet",
                        .value = "0"
                }
        };

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(map); i++) {
                ret = samdb_find_or_add_attribute(ldb, usr_obj,
                                                  map[i].name, map[i].value);
                if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                        return ret;
                }
        }

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * Sets 'sAMAccountType on user object based on userAccountControl
 * @param ldb Current ldb_context
 * @param usr_obj ldb_message representing User object
 * @param user_account_control Value for userAccountControl flags
 * @param account_type_p Optional pointer to account_type to return
 * @return LDB_SUCCESS or LDB_ERR* code on failure
 */
int dsdb_user_obj_set_account_type(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_message *usr_obj,
                                   uint32_t user_account_control, uint32_t *account_type_p)
{
        int ret;
        uint32_t account_type;
        struct ldb_message_element *el;

        account_type = ds_uf2atype(user_account_control);
        if (account_type == 0) {
                ldb_set_errstring(ldb, "dsdb: Unrecognized account type!");
                return LDB_ERR_UNWILLING_TO_PERFORM;
        }
        ret = samdb_msg_add_uint(ldb, usr_obj, usr_obj,
                                 "sAMAccountType",
                                 account_type);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }
        el = ldb_msg_find_element(usr_obj, "sAMAccountType");
        el->flags = LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE;

        if (account_type_p) {
                *account_type_p = account_type;
        }

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}

/**
 * Determine and set primaryGroupID based on userAccountControl value
 * @param ldb Current ldb_context
 * @param usr_obj ldb_message representing User object
 * @param user_account_control Value for userAccountControl flags
 * @param group_rid_p Optional pointer to group RID to return
 * @return LDB_SUCCESS or LDB_ERR* code on failure
 */
int dsdb_user_obj_set_primary_group_id(struct ldb_context *ldb, struct ldb_message *usr_obj,
                                       uint32_t user_account_control, uint32_t *group_rid_p)
{
        int ret;
        uint32_t rid;
        struct ldb_message_element *el;

        rid = ds_uf2prim_group_rid(user_account_control);

        ret = samdb_msg_add_uint(ldb, usr_obj, usr_obj,
                                 "primaryGroupID", rid);
        if (ret != LDB_SUCCESS) {
                return ret;
        }
        el = ldb_msg_find_element(usr_obj, "primaryGroupID");
        el->flags = LDB_FLAG_MOD_REPLACE;

        if (group_rid_p) {
                *group_rid_p = rid;
        }

        return LDB_SUCCESS;
}