1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
2 <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc">
6 <refentrytitle>smbd</refentrytitle>
7 <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
12 <refname>smbd</refname>
13 <refpurpose>server to provide SMB/CIFS services to clients</refpurpose>
18 <command>smbd</command>
19 <arg choice="opt">-D</arg>
20 <arg choice="opt">-F</arg>
21 <arg choice="opt">-S</arg>
22 <arg choice="opt">-i</arg>
23 <arg choice="opt">-h</arg>
24 <arg choice="opt">-V</arg>
25 <arg choice="opt">-b</arg>
26 <arg choice="opt">-d <debug level></arg>
27 <arg choice="opt">-l <log directory></arg>
28 <arg choice="opt">-p <port number(s)></arg>
29 <arg choice="opt">-P <profiling level></arg>
30 <arg choice="opt">-O <socket option></arg>
31 <arg choice="opt">-s <configuration file></arg>
36 <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
37 <para>This program is part of the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>samba</refentrytitle>
38 <manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> suite.</para>
40 <para><command>smbd</command> is the server daemon that
41 provides filesharing and printing services to Windows clients.
42 The server provides filespace and printer services to
43 clients using the SMB (or CIFS) protocol. This is compatible
44 with the LanManager protocol, and can service LanManager
45 clients. These include MSCLIENT 3.0 for DOS, Windows for
46 Workgroups, Windows 95/98/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000,
47 OS/2, DAVE for Macintosh, and smbfs for Linux.</para>
49 <para>An extensive description of the services that the
50 server can provide is given in the man page for the
51 configuration file controlling the attributes of those
52 services (see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
53 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. This man page will not describe the
54 services, but will concentrate on the administrative aspects
55 of running the server.</para>
57 <para>Please note that there are significant security
58 implications to running this server, and the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
59 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> manual page should be regarded as mandatory reading before
60 proceeding with installation.</para>
62 <para>A session is created whenever a client requests one.
63 Each client gets a copy of the server for each session. This
64 copy then services all connections made by the client during
65 that session. When all connections from its client are closed,
66 the copy of the server for that client terminates.</para>
68 <para>The configuration file, and any files that it includes,
69 are automatically reloaded every minute, if they change. You
70 can force a reload by sending a SIGHUP to the server. Reloading
71 the configuration file will not affect connections to any service
72 that is already established. Either the user will have to
73 disconnect from the service, or <command>smbd</command> killed and restarted.</para>
77 <title>OPTIONS</title>
82 <listitem><para>If specified, this parameter causes
83 the server to operate as a daemon. That is, it detaches
84 itself and runs in the background, fielding requests
85 on the appropriate port. Operating the server as a
86 daemon is the recommended way of running <command>smbd</command> for
87 servers that provide more than casual use file and
88 print services. This switch is assumed if <command>smbd
89 </command> is executed on the command line of a shell.
95 <listitem><para>If specified, this parameter causes
96 the main <command>smbd</command> process to not daemonize,
97 i.e. double-fork and disassociate with the terminal.
98 Child processes are still created as normal to service
99 each connection request, but the main process does not
100 exit. This operation mode is suitable for running
101 <command>smbd</command> under process supervisors such
102 as <command>supervise</command> and <command>svscan</command>
103 from Daniel J. Bernstein's <command>daemontools</command>
104 package, or the AIX process monitor.
110 <listitem><para>If specified, this parameter causes
111 <command>smbd</command> to log to standard output rather
112 than a file.</para></listitem>
117 <listitem><para>If this parameter is specified it causes the
118 server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the
119 server is executed on the command line of a shell. Setting this
120 parameter negates the implicit deamon mode when run from the
121 command line. <command>smbd</command> also logs to standard
122 output, as if the <command>-S</command> parameter had been
132 <listitem><para>Prints information about how
133 Samba was built.</para></listitem>
137 <term>-p|--port<port number(s)></term>
138 <listitem><para><replaceable>port number(s)</replaceable> is a
139 space or comma-separated list of TCP ports smbd should listen on.
140 The default value is taken from the <smbconfoption name="ports"/> parameter in &smb.conf;</para>
142 <para>The default ports are 139 (used for SMB over NetBIOS over TCP)
143 and port 445 (used for plain SMB over TCP).
148 <term>-P|--profiling-level<profiling level></term>
149 <listitem><para><replaceable>profiling level</replaceable> is a
150 number specifying the level of profiling data to be collected.
151 0 turns off profiling, 1 turns on counter profiling only,
152 2 turns on complete profiling, and 3 resets all profiling data.
163 <term><filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename></term>
164 <listitem><para>If the server is to be run by the
165 <command>inetd</command> meta-daemon, this file
166 must contain suitable startup information for the
172 <term><filename>/etc/rc</filename></term>
173 <listitem><para>or whatever initialization script your
176 <para>If running the server as a daemon at startup,
177 this file will need to contain an appropriate startup
178 sequence for the server. </para></listitem>
182 <term><filename>/etc/services</filename></term>
183 <listitem><para>If running the server via the
184 meta-daemon <command>inetd</command>, this file
185 must contain a mapping of service name (e.g., netbios-ssn)
186 to service port (e.g., 139) and protocol type (e.g., tcp).
191 <term><filename>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</filename></term>
192 <listitem><para>This is the default location of the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
193 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> server configuration file. Other common places that systems
194 install this file are <filename>/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</filename>
195 and <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename>.</para>
197 <para>This file describes all the services the server
198 is to make available to clients. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
199 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</para>
206 <title>LIMITATIONS</title>
207 <para>On some systems <command>smbd</command> cannot change uid back
208 to root after a setuid() call. Such systems are called
209 trapdoor uid systems. If you have such a system,
210 you will be unable to connect from a client (such as a PC) as
211 two different users at once. Attempts to connect the
212 second user will result in access denied or
217 <title>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</title>
221 <term><envar>PRINTER</envar></term>
222 <listitem><para>If no printer name is specified to
223 printable services, most systems will use the value of
224 this variable (or <constant>lp</constant> if this variable is
225 not defined) as the name of the printer to use. This
226 is not specific to the server, however.</para></listitem>
233 <title>PAM INTERACTION</title>
234 <para>Samba uses PAM for authentication (when presented with a plaintext
235 password), for account checking (is this account disabled?) and for
236 session management. The degree too which samba supports PAM is restricted
237 by the limitations of the SMB protocol and the <smbconfoption name="obey pam restrictions"/> <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
238 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> paramater. When this is set, the following restrictions apply:
242 <listitem><para><emphasis>Account Validation</emphasis>: All accesses to a
243 samba server are checked
244 against PAM to see if the account is vaild, not disabled and is permitted to
245 login at this time. This also applies to encrypted logins.
248 <listitem><para><emphasis>Session Management</emphasis>: When not using share
249 level secuirty, users must pass PAM's session checks before access
250 is granted. Note however, that this is bypassed in share level secuirty.
251 Note also that some older pam configuration files may need a line
252 added for session support.
258 <title>VERSION</title>
260 <para>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of
261 the Samba suite.</para>
265 <title>DIAGNOSTICS</title>
267 <para>Most diagnostics issued by the server are logged
268 in a specified log file. The log file name is specified
269 at compile time, but may be overridden on the command line.</para>
271 <para>The number and nature of diagnostics available depends
272 on the debug level used by the server. If you have problems, set
273 the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files.</para>
275 <para>Most messages are reasonably self-explanatory. Unfortunately,
276 at the time this man page was created, there are too many diagnostics
277 available in the source code to warrant describing each and every
278 diagnostic. At this stage your best bet is still to grep the
279 source code and inspect the conditions that gave rise to the
280 diagnostics you are seeing.</para>
284 <title>TDB FILES</title>
286 <para>Samba stores it's data in several TDB (Trivial Database) files, usually located in <filename>/var/lib/samba</filename>.</para>
289 (*) information persistent across restarts (but not
290 necessarily important to backup).
294 <varlistentry><term>account_policy.tdb*</term>
296 <para>NT account policy settings such as pw expiration, etc...</para>
300 <varlistentry><term>brlock.tdb</term>
301 <listitem><para>byte range locks</para></listitem>
304 <varlistentry><term>browse.dat</term>
305 <listitem><para>browse lists</para></listitem>
308 <varlistentry><term>connections.tdb</term>
309 <listitem><para>share connections (used to enforce max connections, etc...)</para></listitem>
312 <varlistentry><term>gencache.tdb</term>
313 <listitem><para>generic caching db</para></listitem>
316 <varlistentry><term>group_mapping.tdb*</term>
317 <listitem><para>group mapping information</para></listitem>
320 <varlistentry><term>locking.tdb</term>
321 <listitem><para>share modes & oplocks</para></listitem>
324 <varlistentry><term>login_cache.tdb*</term>
325 <listitem><para>bad pw attempts</para></listitem>
328 <varlistentry><term>messages.tdb</term>
329 <listitem><para>Samba messaging system</para></listitem>
332 <varlistentry><term>netsamlogon_cache.tdb*</term>
333 <listitem><para>cache of user net_info_3 struct from net_samlogon() request (as a domain member)</para></listitem>
336 <varlistentry><term>ntdrivers.tdb*</term>
337 <listitem><para>installed printer drivers</para></listitem>
340 <varlistentry><term>ntforms.tdb*</term>
341 <listitem><para>installed printer forms</para></listitem>
344 <varlistentry><term>ntprinters.tdb*</term>
345 <listitem><para>installed printer information</para></listitem>
348 <varlistentry><term>printing/</term>
349 <listitem><para>directory containing tdb per print queue of cached lpq output</para></listitem>
352 <varlistentry><term>registry.tdb</term>
353 <listitem><para>Windows registry skeleton (connect via regedit.exe)</para></listitem>
356 <varlistentry><term>sessionid.tdb</term>
357 <listitem><para>session information (e.g. support for 'utmp = yes')</para></listitem>
360 <varlistentry><term>share_info.tdb*</term>
361 <listitem><para>share acls</para></listitem>
364 <varlistentry><term>winbindd_cache.tdb</term>
365 <listitem><para>winbindd's cache of user lists, etc...</para></listitem>
368 <varlistentry><term>winbindd_idmap.tdb*</term>
369 <listitem><para>winbindd's local idmap db</para></listitem>
372 <varlistentry><term>wins.dat*</term>
373 <listitem><para>wins database when 'wins support = yes'</para></listitem>
381 <title>SIGNALS</title>
383 <para>Sending the <command>smbd</command> a SIGHUP will cause it to
384 reload its <filename>smb.conf</filename> configuration
385 file within a short period of time.</para>
387 <para>To shut down a user's <command>smbd</command> process it is recommended
388 that <command>SIGKILL (-9)</command> <emphasis>NOT</emphasis>
389 be used, except as a last resort, as this may leave the shared
390 memory area in an inconsistent state. The safe way to terminate
391 an <command>smbd</command> is to send it a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for
392 it to die on its own.</para>
394 <para>The debug log level of <command>smbd</command> may be raised
395 or lowered using <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbcontrol</refentrytitle>
396 <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> program (SIGUSR[1|2] signals are no longer
397 used since Samba 2.2). This is to allow transient problems to be diagnosed,
398 whilst still running at a normally low log level.</para>
400 <para>Note that as the signal handlers send a debug write,
401 they are not re-entrant in <command>smbd</command>. This you should wait until
402 <command>smbd</command> is in a state of waiting for an incoming SMB before
403 issuing them. It is possible to make the signal handlers safe
404 by un-blocking the signals before the select call and re-blocking
405 them after, however this would affect performance.</para>
409 <title>SEE ALSO</title>
410 <para><citerefentry><refentrytitle>hosts_access</refentrytitle>
411 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>inetd</refentrytitle>
412 <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>nmbd</refentrytitle>
413 <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
414 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbclient</refentrytitle>
415 <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>testparm</refentrytitle>
416 <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>testprns</refentrytitle>
417 <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, and the
418 Internet RFC's <filename>rfc1001.txt</filename>, <filename>rfc1002.txt</filename>.
419 In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available
420 as a link from the Web page <ulink noescape="1" url="http://samba.org/cifs/">
421 http://samba.org/cifs/</ulink>.</para>
425 <title>AUTHOR</title>
427 <para>The original Samba software and related utilities
428 were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed
429 by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar
430 to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</para>
432 <para>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer.
433 The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another
434 excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <ulink url="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/">
435 ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</ulink>) and updated for the Samba 2.0
436 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for
437 Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for
438 Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</para>