2 !== HINTS.txt for Samba release 2.2.0-alpha3 24 Mar 2001
5 Updated: Not for a long time!
7 Subject: A collection of hints
8 Status: May be useful information but NOT current
9 ===============================================================================
11 Here are some random hints that you may find useful. These really
12 should be incorporated in the main docs someday.
15 ----------------------
16 HINT: Always test your smb.conf with testparm before using it
18 If your smb.conf file is invalid then samba will fail to load. Run
19 testparm over it before you install it just to make sure there aren't
20 any basic syntax or logical errors.
23 ----------------------
24 HINT: Try printing with smbclient first
26 If you have problems printing, test with smbclient first. Just connect using
27 "smbclient '\\server\printer' -P" and use the "print" command.
29 Once this works, you know that Samba is setup correctly for printing,
30 and you should be able to get it to work from your PCs.
32 This particularly helps in getting the "print command" right.
35 ----------------------
36 HINT: Mount cdroms with conv=binary
38 Some OSes (notably Linux) default to auto detection of file type on
39 cdroms and do cr/lf translation. This is a very bad idea when use with
40 Samba. It causes all sorts of stuff ups.
42 To overcome this problem use conv=binary when mounting the cdrom
43 before exporting it with Samba.
46 ----------------------
47 HINT: Convert between unix and dos text formats
49 Jim barry has written an excellent drag-and-drop cr/lf converter for
50 windows. Just drag your file onto the icon and it converts the file.
53 ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/contributed/fixcrlf.zip
55 ----------------------
56 HINT: Use the "username map" option
58 If the usernames used on your PCs don't match those used on the unix
59 server then you will find the "username map" option useful.
61 -----------------------
62 HINT: Use "security = user" in [global]
64 If you have the same usernames on the unix box and the PCs or have
65 mapped them with the "username map" option then choose "security =
66 user" in the [global] section of smb.conf.
68 This will mean your password is checked only when you first connect,
69 and subsequent connections to printers, disks etc will go more
70 smoothly and much faster.
72 The main problem with "security = user" if you use WfWg is that you
73 will ONLY be able to connect as the username that you log into WfWg
74 with. This is because WfWg silently ignores the password field in the
75 connect drive dialog box if the server is in user security mode.
77 ------------------------
78 HINT: Make your printers not "guest ok"
80 If your printers are not "guest ok" and you are using "security =
81 user" and have matching unix and PC usernames then you will attach to
82 the printer without trouble as your own username. This will mean you
83 will be able to delete print jobs (in 1.8.06 and above) and printer
84 accounting will be possible.
87 -----------------------
88 HINT: Use a sensible "guest" account
90 Even if all your services are not available to "guest" you will need a
91 guest account. This is because the browsing is done as guest. In many
92 cases setting "guest account = ftp" will do the trick. Using the
93 default guest account or "guest account = nobody" will give problems on
94 many unixes. If in doubt create another account with minimal
95 privilages and use it instead. Your users don't need to know the
96 password of the guest account.
99 -----------------------
100 HINT: Use the latest TCP/IP stack from microsoft if you use Windows
103 The early TCP/IP stacks had lots of bugs.
105 Microsoft has released an incremental upgrade to their TCP/IP 32-Bit
106 VxD drivers. The latest release can be found on their ftp site at
107 ftp.microsoft.com, located in /peropsys/windows/public/tcpip/wfwt32.exe.
108 There is an update.txt file there that describes the problems that were
109 fixed. New files include WINSOCK.DLL, TELNET.EXE, WSOCK.386, VNBT.386,
110 WSTCP.386, TRACERT.EXE, NETSTAT.EXE, and NBTSTAT.EXE.
113 -----------------------
114 HINT: nmbd can act as a "WINS" server
116 By default SMB clients use broadcasts to find shares. Recent clients
117 (such as WfWg) can use a "wins" server instead, whcih reduces your
118 broadcast traffic and allows you to find names across routers.
120 Just point your WfWg, Win95 and NT clients at the Samba box in the WINS option.
122 Note: nmbd does not support all WINS operations. Anyone out there have
123 a spec they could send me?
125 -----------------------
126 HINT: you may need to delete your .pwl files when you change password.
128 WfWg does a lousy job with passwords. I find that if I change my
129 password on either the unix box or the PC the safest thing to do is to
130 delete the .pwl files in the windows directory. The PC will complain about not finding the files, but will soon get over it, allowing you to enter the new password.
132 If you don't do this you may find that WfWg remembers and uses the old
133 password, even if you told it a new one.
135 Often WfWg will totally ignore a password you give it in a dialog box.
137 ----------------------
138 HINT: Using MS Access
140 Here are some notes on running MS-Access on a Samba drive from Stefan
141 Kjellberg <stefank@esi.com.au>
143 1. Opening a database in 'exclusive' mode does NOT work. Samba ignores
144 r/w/share modes on file open.
146 2. Make sure that you open the database as 'shared' and to 'lock modified
149 3. Of course locking must be enabled for the particular share (smb.conf)
152 ---------------------
153 HINT: password cacheing in WfWg
155 Here is a hint from michael@ecel.uwa.edu.au (Michael Simmons):
157 In case people where not aware. There is a program call admincfg.exe
158 on the last disk (disk 8) of the WFW 3.11 disk set. To install it
159 type EXPAND A:\ADMINCFG.EX_ C:\WINDOWS\ADMINCFG.EXE Then add an icon
160 for it via the "Progam Manager" "New" Menu. This program allows you
161 to control how WFW handles passwords. ie disable Password Caching etc
162 for use with "security = user"
166 HINT: file descriptor limits
168 If you have problems with the limits on the number of open files you
169 can edit local.h to fix it.
172 HINT: HPUX initgroups() problem
174 here is a hint from Frank Wales [frank@arcglade.demon.co.uk]:
176 HP's implementation of supplementary groups is, er, non-standard (for
177 hysterical reasons). There are two group files, /etc/group and
178 /etc/logingroup; the system maps UIDs to numbers using the former, but
179 initgroups() reads the latter. Most system admins who know the ropes
180 symlink /etc/group to /etc/logingroup (hard link doesn't work for reasons
181 too stupid to go into here). initgroups() will complain if one of the
182 groups you're in in /etc/logingroup has what it considers to be an invalid
183 ID, which means outside the range [0..UID_MAX], where UID_MAX is (I think)
184 60000 currently on HP-UX. This precludes -2 and 65534, the usual 'nobody'
187 Perhaps you could suggest to users that, if they encounter this problem,
188 they make sure that the programs that are failing to initgroups() be
189 run as users not in any groups with GIDs outside the allowed range.
191 This is documented in the HP manual pages under setgroups(2) and passwd(4).
194 ---------------------
195 HINT: Patch your SCO system
197 If you run SCO Unix then you may need to get important TCP/IP patches
198 for Samba to work correctly. Try
200 Paul_Davis@mindlink.bc.ca writes:
202 I was having problems with Accpac using 1.9.02 on SCO Unix. One
203 posting function reported corrupted data. After installing uod385a,
204 the problem went away (a restore from backup and then another
207 It appears that the uod385a update for SCO may be fairly important for
208 a lot of different DOS and Windows software under Samba.
210 uod385a can be found at ftp.sco.com /SLS/uod385a.Z and uod385a.ltr.Z.