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1 *quickref.txt* For Vim version 7.1b. Last change: 2006 Nov 18
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
6 Quick reference guide
8 *quickref* *Contents*
9 tag subject tag subject ~
10 |Q_ct| list of help files |Q_re| Repeating commands
11 |Q_lr| motion: Left-right |Q_km| Key mapping
12 |Q_ud| motion: Up-down |Q_ab| Abbreviations
13 |Q_tm| motion: Text object |Q_op| Options
14 |Q_pa| motion: Pattern searches |Q_ur| Undo/Redo commands
15 |Q_ma| motion: Marks |Q_et| External commands
16 |Q_vm| motion: Various |Q_qf| Quickfix commands
17 |Q_ta| motion: Using tags |Q_vc| Various commands
18 |Q_sc| Scrolling |Q_ce| Ex: Command-line editing
19 |Q_in| insert: Inserting text |Q_ra| Ex: Ranges
20 |Q_ai| insert: Keys |Q_ex| Ex: Special characters
21 |Q_ss| insert: Special keys |Q_st| Starting VIM
22 |Q_di| insert: Digraphs |Q_ed| Editing a file
23 |Q_si| insert: Special inserts |Q_fl| Using the argument list
24 |Q_de| change: Deleting text |Q_wq| Writing and quitting
25 |Q_cm| change: Copying and moving |Q_ac| Automatic commands
26 |Q_ch| change: Changing text |Q_wi| Multi-window commands
27 |Q_co| change: Complex |Q_bu| Buffer list commands
28 |Q_vi| Visual mode |Q_sy| Syntax highlighting
29 |Q_to| Text objects |Q_gu| GUI commands
30 |Q_fo| Folding
32 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
33 N is used to indicate an optional count that can be given before the command.
34 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35 *Q_lr* Left-right motions
37 |h| N h left (also: CTRL-H, <BS>, or <Left> key)
38 |l| N l right (also: <Space> or <Right> key)
39 |0| 0 to first character in the line (also: <Home> key)
40 |^| ^ to first non-blank character in the line
41 |$| N $ to the last character in the line (N-1 lines lower)
42 (also: <End> key)
43 |g0| N g0 to first character in screen line (differs from "0"
44 when lines wrap)
45 |g^| N g^ to first non-blank character in screen line (differs
46 from "^" when lines wrap)
47 |g$| N g$ to last character in screen line (differs from "$"
48 when lines wrap)
49 |gm| N gm to middle of the screen line
50 |bar| N | to column N (default: 1)
51 |f| N f{char} to the Nth occurrence of {char} to the right
52 |F| N F{char} to the Nth occurrence of {char} to the left
53 |t| N t{char} till before the Nth occurrence of {char} to the right
54 |T| N T{char} till before the Nth occurrence of {char} to the left
55 |;| N ; repeat the last "f", "F", "t", or "T" N times
56 |,| N , repeat the last "f", "F", "t", or "T" N times in
57 opposite direction
58 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
59 *Q_ud* Up-down motions
61 |k| N k up N lines (also: CTRL-P and <Up>)
62 |j| N j down N lines (also: CTRL-J, CTRL-N, <NL>, and <Down>)
63 |-| N - up N lines, on the first non-blank character
64 |+| N + down N lines, on the first non-blank character (also:
65 CTRL-M and <CR>)
66 |_| N _ down N-1 lines, on the first non-blank character
67 |G| N G goto line N (default: last line), on the first
68 non-blank character
69 |gg| N gg goto line N (default: first line), on the first
70 non-blank character
71 |N%| N % goto line N percentage down in the file. N must be
72 given, otherwise it is the |%| command.
73 |gk| N gk up N screen lines (differs from "k" when line wraps)
74 |gj| N gj down N screen lines (differs from "j" when line wraps)
75 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
76 *Q_tm* Text object motions
78 |w| N w N words forward
79 |W| N W N blank-separated |WORD|s forward
80 |e| N e forward to the end of the Nth word
81 |E| N E forward to the end of the Nth blank-separated |WORD|
82 |b| N b N words backward
83 |B| N B N blank-separated |WORD|s backward
84 |ge| N ge backward to the end of the Nth word
85 |gE| N gE backward to the end of the Nth blank-separated |WORD|
87 |)| N ) N sentences forward
88 |(| N ( N sentences backward
89 |}| N } N paragraphs forward
90 |{| N { N paragraphs backward
91 |]]| N ]] N sections forward, at start of section
92 |[[| N [[ N sections backward, at start of section
93 |][| N ][ N sections forward, at end of section
94 |[]| N [] N sections backward, at end of section
95 |[(| N [( N times back to unclosed '('
96 |[{| N [{ N times back to unclosed '{'
97 |[m| N [m N times back to start of method (for Java)
98 |[M| N [M N times back to end of method (for Java)
99 |])| N ]) N times forward to unclosed ')'
100 |]}| N ]} N times forward to unclosed '}'
101 |]m| N ]m N times forward to start of method (for Java)
102 |]M| N ]M N times forward to end of method (for Java)
103 |[#| N [# N times back to unclosed "#if" or "#else"
104 |]#| N ]# N times forward to unclosed "#else" or "#endif"
105 |[star| N [* N times back to start of comment "/*"
106 |]star| N ]* N times forward to end of comment "*/"
107 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
108 *Q_pa* Pattern searches
110 |/| N /{pattern}[/[offset]]<CR>
111 search forward for the Nth occurrence of {pattern}
112 |?| N ?{pattern}[?[offset]]<CR>
113 search backward for the Nth occurrence of {pattern}
114 |/<CR>| N /<CR> repeat last search, in the forward direction
115 |?<CR>| N ?<CR> repeat last search, in the backward direction
116 |n| N n repeat last search
117 |N| N N repeat last search, in opposite direction
118 |star| N * search forward for the identifier under the cursor
119 |#| N # search backward for the identifier under the cursor
120 |gstar| N g* like "*", but also find partial matches
121 |g#| N g# like "#", but also find partial matches
122 |gd| gd goto local declaration of identifier under the cursor
123 |gD| gD goto global declaration of identifier under the cursor
125 |pattern| Special characters in search patterns
127 meaning magic nomagic ~
128 matches any single character . \.
129 matches start of line ^ ^
130 matches <EOL> $ $
131 matches start of word \< \<
132 matches end of word \> \>
133 matches a single char from the range [a-z] \[a-z]
134 matches a single char not in the range [^a-z] \[^a-z]
135 matches an identifier char \i \i
136 idem but excluding digits \I \I
137 matches a keyword character \k \k
138 idem but excluding digits \K \K
139 matches a file name character \f \f
140 idem but excluding digits \F \F
141 matches a printable character \p \p
142 idem but excluding digits \P \P
143 matches a white space character \s \s
144 matches a non-white space character \S \S
146 matches <Esc> \e \e
147 matches <Tab> \t \t
148 matches <CR> \r \r
149 matches <BS> \b \b
151 matches 0 or more of the preceding atom * \*
152 matches 1 or more of the preceding atom \+ \+
153 matches 0 or 1 of the preceding atom \= \=
154 matches 2 to 5 of the preceding atom \{2,5} \{2,5}
155 separates two alternatives \| \|
156 group a pattern into an atom \(\) \(\)
158 |search-offset| Offsets allowed after search command
160 [num] [num] lines downwards, in column 1
161 +[num] [num] lines downwards, in column 1
162 -[num] [num] lines upwards, in column 1
163 e[+num] [num] characters to the right of the end of the match
164 e[-num] [num] characters to the left of the end of the match
165 s[+num] [num] characters to the right of the start of the match
166 s[-num] [num] characters to the left of the start of the match
167 b[+num] [num] identical to s[+num] above (mnemonic: begin)
168 b[-num] [num] identical to s[-num] above (mnemonic: begin)
169 ;{search-command} execute {search-command} next
170 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
171 *Q_ma* Marks and motions
173 |m| m{a-zA-Z} mark current position with mark {a-zA-Z}
174 |`a| `{a-z} go to mark {a-z} within current file
175 |`A| `{A-Z} go to mark {A-Z} in any file
176 |`0| `{0-9} go to the position where Vim was previously exited
177 |``| `` go to the position before the last jump
178 |`quote| `" go to the position when last editing this file
179 |`[| `[ go to the start of the previously operated or put text
180 |`]| `] go to the end of the previously operated or put text
181 |`<| `< go to the start of the (previous) Visual area
182 |`>| `> go to the end of the (previous) Visual area
183 |`.| `. go to the position of the last change in this file
184 |'| '{a-zA-Z0-9[]'"<>.}
185 same as `, but on the first non-blank in the line
186 |:marks| :marks print the active marks
187 |CTRL-O| N CTRL-O go to Nth older position in jump list
188 |CTRL-I| N CTRL-I go to Nth newer position in jump list
189 |:ju| :ju[mps] print the jump list
190 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
191 *Q_vm* Various motions
193 |%| % find the next brace, bracket, comment, or "#if"/
194 "#else"/"#endif" in this line and go to its match
195 |H| N H go to the Nth line in the window, on the first
196 non-blank
197 |M| M go to the middle line in the window, on the first
198 non-blank
199 |L| N L go to the Nth line from the bottom, on the first
200 non-blank
202 |go| N go go to Nth byte in the buffer
203 |:go| :[range]go[to] [off] go to [off] byte in the buffer
204 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
205 *Q_ta* Using tags
207 |:ta| :ta[g][!] {tag} Jump to tag {tag}
208 |:ta| :[count]ta[g][!] Jump to [count]'th newer tag in tag list
209 |CTRL-]| CTRL-] Jump to the tag under cursor, unless changes
210 have been made
211 |:ts| :ts[elect][!] [tag] List matching tags and select one to jump to
212 |:tjump| :tj[ump][!] [tag] Jump to tag [tag] or select from list when
213 there are multiple matches
214 |:ltag| :lt[ag][!] [tag] Jump to tag [tag] and add matching tags to the
215 location list.
217 |:tags| :tags Print tag list
218 |CTRL-T| N CTRL-T Jump back from Nth older tag in tag list
219 |:po| :[count]po[p][!] Jump back from [count]'th older tag in tag list
220 |:tnext| :[count]tn[ext][!] Jump to [count]'th next matching tag
221 |:tp| :[count]tp[revious][!] Jump to [count]'th previous matching tag
222 |:tr| :[count]tr[ewind][!] Jump to [count]'th matching tag
223 |:tl| :tl[ast][!] Jump to last matching tag
225 |:ptag| :pt[ag] {tag} open a preview window to show tag {tag}
226 |CTRL-W_}| CTRL-W } like CTRL-] but show tag in preview window
227 |:pts| :pts[elect] like ":tselect" but show tag in preview window
228 |:ptjump| :ptj[ump] like ":tjump" but show tag in preview window
229 |:pclose| :pc[lose] close tag preview window
230 |CTRL-W_z| CTRL-W z close tag preview window
231 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
232 *Q_sc* Scrolling
234 |CTRL-E| N CTRL-E window N lines downwards (default: 1)
235 |CTRL-D| N CTRL-D window N lines Downwards (default: 1/2 window)
236 |CTRL-F| N CTRL-F window N pages Forwards (downwards)
237 |CTRL-Y| N CTRL-Y window N lines upwards (default: 1)
238 |CTRL-U| N CTRL-U window N lines Upwards (default: 1/2 window)
239 |CTRL-B| N CTRL-B window N pages Backwards (upwards)
240 |z<CR>| z<CR> or zt redraw, current line at top of window
241 |z.| z. or zz redraw, current line at center of window
242 |z-| z- or zb redraw, current line at bottom of window
244 These only work when 'wrap' is off:
245 |zh| N zh scroll screen N characters to the right
246 |zl| N zl scroll screen N characters to the left
247 |zH| N zH scroll screen half a screenwidth to the right
248 |zL| N zL scroll screen half a screenwidth to the left
249 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 *Q_in* Inserting text
252 |a| N a append text after the cursor (N times)
253 |A| N A append text at the end of the line (N times)
254 |i| N i insert text before the cursor (N times) (also: <Insert>)
255 |I| N I insert text before the first non-blank in the line (N times)
256 |gI| N gI insert text in column 1 (N times)
257 |o| N o open a new line below the current line, append text (N times)
258 |O| N O open a new line above the current line, append text (N times)
259 |:startinsert| :star[tinsert][!] start Insert mode, append when [!] used
260 |:startreplace| :startr[eplace][!] start Replace mode, at EOL when [!] used
262 in Visual block mode:
263 |v_b_I| I insert the same text in front of all the selected lines
264 |v_b_A| A append the same text after all the selected lines
265 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
266 *Q_ai* Insert mode keys
268 |insert-index| alphabetical index of Insert mode commands
270 leaving Insert mode:
271 |i_<Esc>| <Esc> end Insert mode, back to Normal mode
272 |i_CTRL-C| CTRL-C like <Esc>, but do not use an abbreviation
273 |i_CTRL-O| CTRL-O {command} execute {command} and return to Insert mode
275 moving around:
276 |i_<Up>| cursor keys move cursor left/right/up/down
277 |i_<S-Left>| shift-left/right one word left/right
278 |i_<S-Up>| shift-up/down one screenful backward/forward
279 |i_<End>| <End> cursor after last character in the line
280 |i_<Home>| <Home> cursor to first character in the line
281 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
282 *Q_ss* Special keys in Insert mode
284 |i_CTRL-V| CTRL-V {char}.. insert character literally, or enter decimal
285 byte value
286 |i_<NL>| <NL> or <CR> or CTRL-M or CTRL-J
287 begin new line
288 |i_CTRL-E| CTRL-E insert the character from below the cursor
289 |i_CTRL-Y| CTRL-Y insert the character from above the cursor
291 |i_CTRL-A| CTRL-A insert previously inserted text
292 |i_CTRL-@| CTRL-@ insert previously inserted text and stop
293 Insert mode
294 |i_CTRL-R| CTRL-R {0-9a-z%#:.-="} insert the contents of a register
296 |i_CTRL-N| CTRL-N insert next match of identifier before the
297 cursor
298 |i_CTRL-P| CTRL-P insert previous match of identifier before
299 the cursor
300 |i_CTRL-X| CTRL-X ... complete the word before the cursor in
301 various ways
303 |i_<BS>| <BS> or CTRL-H delete the character before the cursor
304 |i_<Del>| <Del> delete the character under the cursor
305 |i_CTRL-W| CTRL-W delete word before the cursor
306 |i_CTRL-U| CTRL-U delete all entered characters in the current
307 line
308 |i_CTRL-T| CTRL-T insert one shiftwidth of indent in front of
309 the current line
310 |i_CTRL-D| CTRL-D delete one shiftwidth of indent in front of
311 the current line
312 |i_0_CTRL-D| 0 CTRL-D delete all indent in the current line
313 |i_^_CTRL-D| ^ CTRL-D delete all indent in the current line,
314 restore indent in next line
315 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
316 *Q_di* Digraphs
318 |:dig| :dig[raphs] show current list of digraphs
319 |:dig| :dig[raphs] {char1}{char2} {number} ...
320 add digraph(s) to the list
322 In Insert or Command-line mode:
323 |i_CTRL-K| CTRL-K {char1} {char2}
324 enter digraph
325 |i_digraph| {char1} <BS> {char2}
326 enter digraph if 'digraph' option set
327 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
328 *Q_si* Special inserts
330 |:r| :r [file] insert the contents of [file] below the cursor
331 |:r!| :r! {command} insert the standard output of {command} below the
332 cursor
333 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
334 *Q_de* Deleting text
336 |x| N x delete N characters under and after the cursor
337 |<Del>| N <Del> delete N characters under and after the cursor
338 |X| N X delete N characters before the cursor
339 |d| N d{motion} delete the text that is moved over with {motion}
340 |v_d| {visual}d delete the highlighted text
341 |dd| N dd delete N lines
342 |D| N D delete to the end of the line (and N-1 more lines)
343 |J| N J join N-1 lines (delete <EOL>s)
344 |v_J| {visual}J join the highlighted lines
345 |gJ| N gJ like "J", but without inserting spaces
346 |v_gJ| {visual}gJ like "{visual}J", but without inserting spaces
347 |:d| :[range]d [x] delete [range] lines [into register x]
348 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
349 *Q_cm* Copying and moving text
351 |quote| "{char} use register {char} for the next delete, yank, or put
352 |:reg| :reg show the contents of all registers
353 |:reg| :reg {arg} show the contents of registers mentioned in {arg}
354 |y| N y{motion} yank the text moved over with {motion} into a register
355 |v_y| {visual}y yank the highlighted text into a register
356 |yy| N yy yank N lines into a register
357 |Y| N Y yank N lines into a register
358 |p| N p put a register after the cursor position (N times)
359 |P| N P put a register before the cursor position (N times)
360 |]p| N ]p like p, but adjust indent to current line
361 |[p| N [p like P, but adjust indent to current line
362 |gp| N gp like p, but leave cursor after the new text
363 |gP| N gP like P, but leave cursor after the new text
364 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
365 *Q_ch* Changing text
367 |r| N r{char} replace N characters with {char}
368 |gr| N gr{char} replace N characters without affecting layout
369 |R| N R enter Replace mode (repeat the entered text N times)
370 |gR| N gR enter virtual Replace mode: Like Replace mode but
371 without affecting layout
372 |v_b_r| {visual}r{char}
373 in Visual block mode: Replace each char of the
374 selected text with {char}
376 (change = delete text and enter Insert mode)
377 |c| N c{motion} change the text that is moved over with {motion}
378 |v_c| {visual}c change the highlighted text
379 |cc| N cc change N lines
380 |S| N S change N lines
381 |C| N C change to the end of the line (and N-1 more lines)
382 |s| N s change N characters
383 |v_b_c| {visual}c in Visual block mode: Change each of the selected
384 lines with the entered text
385 |v_b_C| {visual}C in Visual block mode: Change each of the selected
386 lines until end-of-line with the entered text
388 |~| N ~ switch case for N characters and advance cursor
389 |v_~| {visual}~ switch case for highlighted text
390 |v_u| {visual}u make highlighted text lowercase
391 |v_U| {visual}U make highlighted text uppercase
392 |g~| g~{motion} switch case for the text that is moved over with
393 {motion}
394 |gu| gu{motion} make the text that is moved over with {motion}
395 lowercase
396 |gU| gU{motion} make the text that is moved over with {motion}
397 uppercase
398 |v_g?| {visual}g? perform rot13 encoding on highlighted text
399 |g?| g?{motion} perform rot13 encoding on the text that is moved over
400 with {motion}
402 |CTRL-A| N CTRL-A add N to the number at or after the cursor
403 |CTRL-X| N CTRL-X subtract N from the number at or after the cursor
405 |<| N <{motion} move the lines that are moved over with {motion} one
406 shiftwidth left
407 |<<| N << move N lines one shiftwidth left
408 |>| N >{motion} move the lines that are moved over with {motion} one
409 shiftwidth right
410 |>>| N >> move N lines one shiftwidth right
411 |gq| N gq{motion} format the lines that are moved over with {motion} to
412 'textwidth' length
413 |:ce| :[range]ce[nter] [width]
414 center the lines in [range]
415 |:le| :[range]le[ft] [indent]
416 left-align the lines in [range] (with [indent])
417 |:ri| :[range]ri[ght] [width]
418 right-align the lines in [range]
419 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
420 *Q_co* Complex changes
422 |!| N !{motion}{command}<CR>
423 filter the lines that are moved over through {command}
424 |!!| N !!{command}<CR>
425 filter N lines through {command}
426 |v_!| {visual}!{command}<CR>
427 filter the highlighted lines through {command}
428 |:range!| :[range]! {command}<CR>
429 filter [range] lines through {command}
430 |=| N ={motion}
431 filter the lines that are moved over through 'equalprg'
432 |==| N == filter N lines through 'equalprg'
433 |v_=| {visual}=
434 filter the highlighted lines through 'equalprg'
435 |:s| :[range]s[ubstitute]/{pattern}/{string}/[g][c]
436 substitute {pattern} by {string} in [range] lines;
437 with [g], replace all occurrences of {pattern};
438 with [c], confirm each replacement
439 |:s| :[range]s[ubstitute] [g][c]
440 repeat previous ":s" with new range and options
441 |&| & Repeat previous ":s" on current line without options
442 |:ret| :[range]ret[ab][!] [tabstop]
443 set 'tabstop' to new value and adjust white space
444 accordingly
445 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
446 *Q_vi* Visual mode
448 |visual-index| list of Visual mode commands.
450 |v| v start highlighting characters } move cursor and use
451 |V| V start highlighting linewise } operator to affect
452 |CTRL-V| CTRL-V start highlighting blockwise } highlighted text
453 |v_o| o exchange cursor position with start of highlighting
454 |gv| gv start highlighting on previous visual area
455 |v_v| v highlight characters or stop highlighting
456 |v_V| V highlight linewise or stop highlighting
457 |v_CTRL-V| CTRL-V highlight blockwise or stop highlighting
458 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
459 *Q_to* Text objects (only in Visual mode or after an operator)
461 |v_aw| N aw Select "a word"
462 |v_iw| N iw Select "inner word"
463 |v_aW| N aW Select "a |WORD|"
464 |v_iW| N iW Select "inner |WORD|"
465 |v_as| N as Select "a sentence"
466 |v_is| N is Select "inner sentence"
467 |v_ap| N ap Select "a paragraph"
468 |v_ip| N ip Select "inner paragraph"
469 |v_ab| N ab Select "a block" (from "[(" to "])")
470 |v_ib| N ib Select "inner block" (from "[(" to "])")
471 |v_aB| N aB Select "a Block" (from "[{" to "]}")
472 |v_iB| N iB Select "inner Block" (from "[{" to "]}")
473 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
474 *Q_re* Repeating commands
476 |.| N . repeat last change (with count replaced with N)
477 |q| q{a-z} record typed characters into register {a-z}
478 |q| q{A-Z} record typed characters, appended to register {a-z}
479 |q| q stop recording
480 |@| N @{a-z} execute the contents of register {a-z} (N times)
481 |@@| N @@ repeat previous @{a-z} (N times)
482 |:@| :@{a-z} execute the contents of register {a-z} as an Ex
483 command
484 |:@@| :@@ repeat previous :@{a-z}
485 |:g| :[range]g[lobal]/{pattern}/[cmd]
486 Execute Ex command [cmd] (default: ":p") on the lines
487 within [range] where {pattern} matches.
488 |:g| :[range]g[lobal]!/{pattern}/[cmd]
489 Execute Ex command [cmd] (default: ":p") on the lines
490 within [range] where {pattern} does NOT match.
491 |:so| :so[urce] {file}
492 Read Ex commands from {file}.
493 |:so| :so[urce]! {file}
494 Read Vim commands from {file}.
495 |:sl| :sl[eep] [sec]
496 don't do anything for [sec] seconds
497 |gs| N gs Goto Sleep for N seconds
498 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
499 *Q_km* Key mapping
501 |:map| :ma[p] {lhs} {rhs} Map {lhs} to {rhs} in Normal and Visual
502 mode.
503 |:map!| :ma[p]! {lhs} {rhs} Map {lhs} to {rhs} in Insert and Command-line
504 mode.
505 |:noremap| :no[remap][!] {lhs} {rhs}
506 Same as ":map", no remapping for this {rhs}
507 |:unmap| :unm[ap] {lhs} Remove the mapping of {lhs} for Normal and
508 Visual mode.
509 |:unmap!| :unm[ap]! {lhs} Remove the mapping of {lhs} for Insert and
510 Command-line mode.
511 |:map_l| :ma[p] [lhs] List mappings (starting with [lhs]) for
512 Normal and Visual mode.
513 |:map_l!| :ma[p]! [lhs] List mappings (starting with [lhs]) for
514 Insert and Command-line mode.
515 |:cmap| :cmap/:cunmap/:cnoremap
516 like ":map!"/":unmap!"/":noremap!" but for
517 Command-line mode only
518 |:imap| :imap/:iunmap/:inoremap
519 like ":map!"/":unmap!"/":noremap!" but for
520 Insert mode only
521 |:nmap| :nmap/:nunmap/:nnoremap
522 like ":map"/":unmap"/":noremap" but for
523 Normal mode only
524 |:vmap| :vmap/:vunmap/:vnoremap
525 like ":map"/":unmap"/":noremap" but for
526 Visual mode only
527 |:omap| :omap/:ounmap/:onoremap
528 like ":map"/":unmap"/":noremap" but only for
529 when an operator is pending
530 |:mapc| :mapc[lear] remove mappings for Normal and Visual mode
531 |:mapc| :mapc[lear]! remove mappings for Insert and Cmdline mode
532 |:imapc| :imapc[lear] remove mappings for Insert mode
533 |:vmapc| :vmapc[lear] remove mappings for Visual mode
534 |:omapc| :omapc[lear] remove mappings for Operator-pending mode
535 |:nmapc| :nmapc[lear] remove mappings for Normal mode
536 |:cmapc| :cmapc[lear] remove mappings for Cmdline mode
537 |:mkexrc| :mk[exrc][!] [file] write current mappings, abbreviations, and
538 settings to [file] (default: ".exrc";
539 use ! to overwrite)
540 |:mkvimrc| :mkv[imrc][!] [file]
541 same as ":mkexrc", but with default ".vimrc"
542 |:mksession| :mks[ession][!] [file]
543 like ":mkvimrc", but store current files,
544 windows, etc. too, to be able to continue
545 this session later.
546 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
547 *Q_ab* Abbreviations
549 |:abbreviate| :ab[breviate] {lhs} {rhs} add abbreviation for {lhs} to {rhs}
550 |:abbreviate| :ab[breviate] {lhs} show abbr's that start with {lhs}
551 |:abbreviate| :ab[breviate] show all abbreviations
552 |:unabbreviate| :una[bbreviate] {lhs} remove abbreviation for {lhs}
553 |:noreabbrev| :norea[bbrev] [lhs] [rhs] like ":ab", but don't remap [rhs]
554 |:iabbrev| :iab/:iunab/:inoreab like ":ab", but only for Insert mode
555 |:cabbrev| :cab/:cunab/:cnoreab like ":ab", but only for
556 Command-line mode
557 |:abclear| :abc[lear] remove all abbreviations
558 |:cabclear| :cabc[lear] remove all abbr's for Cmdline mode
559 |:iabclear| :iabc[lear] remove all abbr's for Insert mode
560 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
561 *Q_op* Options
563 |:set| :se[t] Show all modified options.
564 |:set| :se[t] all Show all non-termcap options.
565 |:set| :se[t] termcap Show all termcap options.
566 |:set| :se[t] {option} Set boolean option (switch it on),
567 show string or number option.
568 |:set| :se[t] no{option} Reset boolean option (switch it off).
569 |:set| :se[t] inv{option} invert boolean option.
570 |:set| :se[t] {option}={value} Set string/number option to {value}.
571 |:set| :se[t] {option}+={value} append {value} to string option, add
572 {value} to number option
573 |:set| :se[t] {option}-={value} remove {value} to string option,
574 subtract {value} from number option
575 |:set| :se[t] {option}? Show value of {option}.
576 |:set| :se[t] {option}& Reset {option} to its default value.
578 |:setlocal| :setl[ocal] like ":set" but set the local value
579 for options that have one
580 |:setglobal| :setg[lobal] like ":set" but set the global value
581 of a local option
583 |:fix| :fix[del] Set value of 't_kD' according to
584 value of 't_kb'.
585 |:options| :opt[ions] Open a new window to view and set
586 options, grouped by functionality,
587 a one line explanation and links to
588 the help.
590 Short explanation of each option: *option-list*
591 'aleph' 'al' ASCII code of the letter Aleph (Hebrew)
592 'allowrevins' 'ari' allow CTRL-_ in Insert and Command-line mode
593 'altkeymap' 'akm' for default second language (Farsi/Hebrew)
594 'ambiwidth' 'ambw' what to do with Unicode chars of ambiguous width
595 'antialias' 'anti' Mac OS X: use smooth, antialiased fonts
596 'autochdir' 'acd' change directory to the file in the current window
597 'arabic' 'arab' for Arabic as a default second language
598 'arabicshape' 'arshape' do shaping for Arabic characters
599 'autoindent' 'ai' take indent for new line from previous line
600 'autoread' 'ar' autom. read file when changed outside of Vim
601 'autowrite' 'aw' automatically write file if changed
602 'autowriteall' 'awa' as 'autowrite', but works with more commands
603 'background' 'bg' "dark" or "light", used for highlight colors
604 'backspace' 'bs' how backspace works at start of line
605 'backup' 'bk' keep backup file after overwriting a file
606 'backupcopy' 'bkc' make backup as a copy, don't rename the file
607 'backupdir' 'bdir' list of directories for the backup file
608 'backupext' 'bex' extension used for the backup file
609 'backupskip' 'bsk' no backup for files that match these patterns
610 'balloondelay' 'bdlay' delay in mS before a balloon may pop up
611 'ballooneval' 'beval' switch on balloon evaluation
612 'balloonexpr' 'bexpr' expression to show in balloon
613 'binary' 'bin' read/write/edit file in binary mode
614 'bioskey' 'biosk' MS-DOS: use bios calls for input characters
615 'bomb' prepend a Byte Order Mark to the file
616 'breakat' 'brk' characters that may cause a line break
617 'browsedir' 'bsdir' which directory to start browsing in
618 'bufhidden' 'bh' what to do when buffer is no longer in window
619 'buflisted' 'bl' whether the buffer shows up in the buffer list
620 'buftype' 'bt' special type of buffer
621 'casemap' 'cmp' specifies how case of letters is changed
622 'cdpath' 'cd' list of directories searched with ":cd"
623 'cedit' key used to open the command-line window
624 'charconvert' 'ccv' expression for character encoding conversion
625 'cindent' 'cin' do C program indenting
626 'cinkeys' 'cink' keys that trigger indent when 'cindent' is set
627 'cinoptions' 'cino' how to do indenting when 'cindent' is set
628 'cinwords' 'cinw' words where 'si' and 'cin' add an indent
629 'clipboard' 'cb' use the clipboard as the unnamed register
630 'cmdheight' 'ch' number of lines to use for the command-line
631 'cmdwinheight' 'cwh' height of the command-line window
632 'columns' 'co' number of columns in the display
633 'comments' 'com' patterns that can start a comment line
634 'commentstring' 'cms' template for comments; used for fold marker
635 'compatible' 'cp' behave Vi-compatible as much as possible
636 'complete' 'cpt' specify how Insert mode completion works
637 'completefunc' 'cfu' function to be used for Insert mode completion
638 'completeopt' 'cot' options for Insert mode completion
639 'confirm' 'cf' ask what to do about unsaved/read-only files
640 'conskey' 'consk' get keys directly from console (MS-DOS only)
641 'copyindent' 'ci' make 'autoindent' use existing indent structure
642 'cpoptions' 'cpo' flags for Vi-compatible behavior
643 'cscopepathcomp' 'cspc' how many components of the path to show
644 'cscopeprg' 'csprg' command to execute cscope
645 'cscopequickfix' 'csqf' use quickfix window for cscope results
646 'cscopetag' 'cst' use cscope for tag commands
647 'cscopetagorder' 'csto' determines ":cstag" search order
648 'cscopeverbose' 'csverb' give messages when adding a cscope database
649 'cursorcolumn' 'cuc' highlight the screen column of the cursor
650 'cursorline' 'cul' highlight the screen line of the cursor
651 'debug' set to "msg" to see all error messages
652 'define' 'def' pattern to be used to find a macro definition
653 'delcombine' 'deco' delete combining characters on their own
654 'dictionary' 'dict' list of file names used for keyword completion
655 'diff' use diff mode for the current window
656 'diffexpr' 'dex' expression used to obtain a diff file
657 'diffopt' 'dip' options for using diff mode
658 'digraph' 'dg' enable the entering of digraphs in Insert mode
659 'directory' 'dir' list of directory names for the swap file
660 'display' 'dy' list of flags for how to display text
661 'eadirection' 'ead' in which direction 'equalalways' works
662 'edcompatible' 'ed' toggle flags of ":substitute" command
663 'encoding' 'enc' encoding used internally
664 'endofline' 'eol' write <EOL> for last line in file
665 'equalalways' 'ea' windows are automatically made the same size
666 'equalprg' 'ep' external program to use for "=" command
667 'errorbells' 'eb' ring the bell for error messages
668 'errorfile' 'ef' name of the errorfile for the QuickFix mode
669 'errorformat' 'efm' description of the lines in the error file
670 'esckeys' 'ek' recognize function keys in Insert mode
671 'eventignore' 'ei' autocommand events that are ignored
672 'expandtab' 'et' use spaces when <Tab> is inserted
673 'exrc' 'ex' read .vimrc and .exrc in the current directory
674 'fileencoding' 'fenc' file encoding for multi-byte text
675 'fileencodings' 'fencs' automatically detected character encodings
676 'fileformat' 'ff' file format used for file I/O
677 'fileformats' 'ffs' automatically detected values for 'fileformat'
678 'filetype' 'ft' type of file, used for autocommands
679 'fillchars' 'fcs' characters to use for displaying special items
680 'fkmap' 'fk' Farsi keyboard mapping
681 'foldclose' 'fcl' close a fold when the cursor leaves it
682 'foldcolumn' 'fdc' width of the column used to indicate folds
683 'foldenable' 'fen' set to display all folds open
684 'foldexpr' 'fde' expression used when 'foldmethod' is "expr"
685 'foldignore' 'fdi' ignore lines when 'foldmethod' is "indent"
686 'foldlevel' 'fdl' close folds with a level higher than this
687 'foldlevelstart' 'fdls' 'foldlevel' when starting to edit a file
688 'foldmarker' 'fmr' markers used when 'foldmethod' is "marker"
689 'foldmethod' 'fdm' folding type
690 'foldminlines' 'fml' minimum number of lines for a fold to be closed
691 'foldnestmax' 'fdn' maximum fold depth
692 'foldopen' 'fdo' for which commands a fold will be opened
693 'foldtext' 'fdt' expression used to display for a closed fold
694 'formatlistpat' 'flp' pattern used to recognize a list header
695 'formatoptions' 'fo' how automatic formatting is to be done
696 'formatprg' 'fp' name of external program used with "gq" command
697 'formatexpr' 'fex' expression used with "gq" command
698 'fsync' 'fs' whether to invoke fsync() after file write
699 'gdefault' 'gd' the ":substitute" flag 'g' is default on
700 'grepformat' 'gfm' format of 'grepprg' output
701 'grepprg' 'gp' program to use for ":grep"
702 'guicursor' 'gcr' GUI: settings for cursor shape and blinking
703 'guifont' 'gfn' GUI: Name(s) of font(s) to be used
704 'guifontset' 'gfs' GUI: Names of multi-byte fonts to be used
705 'guifontwide' 'gfw' list of font names for double-wide characters
706 'guiheadroom' 'ghr' GUI: pixels room for window decorations
707 'guioptions' 'go' GUI: Which components and options are used
708 'guipty' GUI: try to use a pseudo-tty for ":!" commands
709 'guitablabel' 'gtl' GUI: custom label for a tab page
710 'guitabtooltip' 'gtt' GUI: custom tooltip for a tab page
711 'helpfile' 'hf' full path name of the main help file
712 'helpheight' 'hh' minimum height of a new help window
713 'helplang' 'hlg' preferred help languages
714 'hidden' 'hid' don't unload buffer when it is |abandon|ed
715 'highlight' 'hl' sets highlighting mode for various occasions
716 'hlsearch' 'hls' highlight matches with last search pattern
717 'history' 'hi' number of command-lines that are remembered
718 'hkmap' 'hk' Hebrew keyboard mapping
719 'hkmapp' 'hkp' phonetic Hebrew keyboard mapping
720 'icon' let Vim set the text of the window icon
721 'iconstring' string to use for the Vim icon text
722 'ignorecase' 'ic' ignore case in search patterns
723 'imactivatekey' 'imak' key that activates the X input method
724 'imcmdline' 'imc' use IM when starting to edit a command line
725 'imdisable' 'imd' do not use the IM in any mode
726 'iminsert' 'imi' use :lmap or IM in Insert mode
727 'imsearch' 'ims' use :lmap or IM when typing a search pattern
728 'include' 'inc' pattern to be used to find an include file
729 'includeexpr' 'inex' expression used to process an include line
730 'incsearch' 'is' highlight match while typing search pattern
731 'indentexpr' 'inde' expression used to obtain the indent of a line
732 'indentkeys' 'indk' keys that trigger indenting with 'indentexpr'
733 'infercase' 'inf' adjust case of match for keyword completion
734 'insertmode' 'im' start the edit of a file in Insert mode
735 'isfname' 'isf' characters included in file names and pathnames
736 'isident' 'isi' characters included in identifiers
737 'iskeyword' 'isk' characters included in keywords
738 'isprint' 'isp' printable characters
739 'joinspaces' 'js' two spaces after a period with a join command
740 'key' encryption key
741 'keymap' 'kmp' name of a keyboard mapping
742 'keymodel' 'km' enable starting/stopping selection with keys
743 'keywordprg' 'kp' program to use for the "K" command
744 'langmap' 'lmap' alphabetic characters for other language mode
745 'langmenu' 'lm' language to be used for the menus
746 'laststatus' 'ls' tells when last window has status lines
747 'lazyredraw' 'lz' don't redraw while executing macros
748 'linebreak' 'lbr' wrap long lines at a blank
749 'lines' number of lines in the display
750 'linespace' 'lsp' number of pixel lines to use between characters
751 'lisp' automatic indenting for Lisp
752 'lispwords' 'lw' words that change how lisp indenting works
753 'list' show <Tab> and <EOL>
754 'listchars' 'lcs' characters for displaying in list mode
755 'loadplugins' 'lpl' load plugin scripts when starting up
756 'macatsui' Mac GUI: use ATSUI text drawing
757 'magic' changes special characters in search patterns
758 'makeef' 'mef' name of the errorfile for ":make"
759 'makeprg' 'mp' program to use for the ":make" command
760 'matchpairs' 'mps' pairs of characters that "%" can match
761 'matchtime' 'mat' tenths of a second to show matching paren
762 'maxcombine' 'mco' maximum nr of combining characters displayed
763 'maxfuncdepth' 'mfd' maximum recursive depth for user functions
764 'maxmapdepth' 'mmd' maximum recursive depth for mapping
765 'maxmem' 'mm' maximum memory (in Kbyte) used for one buffer
766 'maxmempattern' 'mmp' maximum memory (in Kbyte) used for pattern search
767 'maxmemtot' 'mmt' maximum memory (in Kbyte) used for all buffers
768 'menuitems' 'mis' maximum number of items in a menu
769 'mkspellmem' 'msm' memory used before |:mkspell| compresses the tree
770 'modeline' 'ml' recognize modelines at start or end of file
771 'modelines' 'mls' number of lines checked for modelines
772 'modifiable' 'ma' changes to the text are not possible
773 'modified' 'mod' buffer has been modified
774 'more' pause listings when the whole screen is filled
775 'mouse' enable the use of mouse clicks
776 'mousefocus' 'mousef' keyboard focus follows the mouse
777 'mousehide' 'mh' hide mouse pointer while typing
778 'mousemodel' 'mousem' changes meaning of mouse buttons
779 'mouseshape' 'mouses' shape of the mouse pointer in different modes
780 'mousetime' 'mouset' max time between mouse double-click
781 'mzquantum' 'mzq' the interval between polls for MzScheme threads
782 'nrformats' 'nf' number formats recognized for CTRL-A command
783 'number' 'nu' print the line number in front of each line
784 'numberwidth' 'nuw' number of columns used for the line number
785 'omnifunc' 'ofu' function for filetype-specific completion
786 'opendevice' 'odev' allow reading/writing devices on MS-Windows
787 'operatorfunc' 'opfunc' function to be called for |g@| operator
788 'osfiletype' 'oft' operating system-specific filetype information
789 'paragraphs' 'para' nroff macros that separate paragraphs
790 'paste' allow pasting text
791 'pastetoggle' 'pt' key code that causes 'paste' to toggle
792 'patchexpr' 'pex' expression used to patch a file
793 'patchmode' 'pm' keep the oldest version of a file
794 'path' 'pa' list of directories searched with "gf" et.al.
795 'preserveindent' 'pi' preserve the indent structure when reindenting
796 'previewheight' 'pvh' height of the preview window
797 'previewwindow' 'pvw' identifies the preview window
798 'printdevice' 'pdev' name of the printer to be used for :hardcopy
799 'printencoding' 'penc' encoding to be used for printing
800 'printexpr' 'pexpr' expression used to print PostScript for :hardcopy
801 'printfont' 'pfn' name of the font to be used for :hardcopy
802 'printheader' 'pheader' format of the header used for :hardcopy
803 'printmbcharset' 'pmbcs' CJK character set to be used for :hardcopy
804 'printmbfont' 'pmbfn' font names to be used for CJK output of :hardcopy
805 'printoptions' 'popt' controls the format of :hardcopy output
806 'pumheight'' 'ph' maximum height of the popup menu
807 'quoteescape' 'qe' escape characters used in a string
808 'readonly' 'ro' disallow writing the buffer
809 'remap' allow mappings to work recursively
810 'report' threshold for reporting nr. of lines changed
811 'restorescreen' 'rs' Win32: restore screen when exiting
812 'revins' 'ri' inserting characters will work backwards
813 'rightleft' 'rl' window is right-to-left oriented
814 'rightleftcmd' 'rlc' commands for which editing works right-to-left
815 'ruler' 'ru' show cursor line and column in the status line
816 'rulerformat' 'ruf' custom format for the ruler
817 'runtimepath' 'rtp' list of directories used for runtime files
818 'scroll' 'scr' lines to scroll with CTRL-U and CTRL-D
819 'scrollbind' 'scb' scroll in window as other windows scroll
820 'scrolljump' 'sj' minimum number of lines to scroll
821 'scrolloff' 'so' minimum nr. of lines above and below cursor
822 'scrollopt' 'sbo' how 'scrollbind' should behave
823 'sections' 'sect' nroff macros that separate sections
824 'secure' secure mode for reading .vimrc in current dir
825 'selection' 'sel' what type of selection to use
826 'selectmode' 'slm' when to use Select mode instead of Visual mode
827 'sessionoptions' 'ssop' options for |:mksession|
828 'shell' 'sh' name of shell to use for external commands
829 'shellcmdflag' 'shcf' flag to shell to execute one command
830 'shellpipe' 'sp' string to put output of ":make" in error file
831 'shellquote' 'shq' quote character(s) for around shell command
832 'shellredir' 'srr' string to put output of filter in a temp file
833 'shellslash' 'ssl' use forward slash for shell file names
834 'shelltemp' 'stmp' whether to use a temp file for shell commands
835 'shelltype' 'st' Amiga: influences how to use a shell
836 'shellxquote' 'sxq' like 'shellquote', but include redirection
837 'shiftround' 'sr' round indent to multiple of shiftwidth
838 'shiftwidth' 'sw' number of spaces to use for (auto)indent step
839 'shortmess' 'shm' list of flags, reduce length of messages
840 'shortname' 'sn' non-MS-DOS: Filenames assumed to be 8.3 chars
841 'showbreak' 'sbr' string to use at the start of wrapped lines
842 'showcmd' 'sc' show (partial) command in status line
843 'showfulltag' 'sft' show full tag pattern when completing tag
844 'showmatch' 'sm' briefly jump to matching bracket if insert one
845 'showmode' 'smd' message on status line to show current mode
846 'showtabline' 'stal' tells when the tab pages line is displayed
847 'sidescroll' 'ss' minimum number of columns to scroll horizontal
848 'sidescrolloff' 'siso' min. nr. of columns to left and right of cursor
849 'smartcase' 'scs' no ignore case when pattern has uppercase
850 'smartindent' 'si' smart autoindenting for C programs
851 'smarttab' 'sta' use 'shiftwidth' when inserting <Tab>
852 'softtabstop' 'sts' number of spaces that <Tab> uses while editing
853 'spell' enable spell checking
854 'spellcapcheck' 'spc' pattern to locate end of a sentence
855 'spellfile' 'spf' files where |zg| and |zw| store words
856 'spelllang' 'spl' language(s) to do spell checking for
857 'spellsuggest' 'sps' method(s) used to suggest spelling corrections
858 'splitbelow' 'sb' new window from split is below the current one
859 'splitright' 'spr' new window is put right of the current one
860 'startofline' 'sol' commands move cursor to first blank in line
861 'statusline' 'stl' custom format for the status line
862 'suffixes' 'su' suffixes that are ignored with multiple match
863 'suffixesadd' 'sua' suffixes added when searching for a file
864 'swapfile' 'swf' whether to use a swapfile for a buffer
865 'swapsync' 'sws' how to sync the swap file
866 'switchbuf' 'swb' sets behavior when switching to another buffer
867 'synmaxcol' 'smc' maximum column to find syntax items
868 'syntax' 'syn' syntax to be loaded for current buffer
869 'tabstop' 'ts' number of spaces that <Tab> in file uses
870 'tabline' 'tal' custom format for the console tab pages line
871 'tabpagemax' 'tpm' maximum number of tab pages for |-p| and "tab all"
872 'tagbsearch' 'tbs' use binary searching in tags files
873 'taglength' 'tl' number of significant characters for a tag
874 'tagrelative' 'tr' file names in tag file are relative
875 'tags' 'tag' list of file names used by the tag command
876 'tagstack' 'tgst' push tags onto the tag stack
877 'term' name of the terminal
878 'termbidi' 'tbidi' terminal takes care of bi-directionality
879 'termencoding' 'tenc' character encoding used by the terminal
880 'terse' shorten some messages
881 'textauto' 'ta' obsolete, use 'fileformats'
882 'textmode' 'tx' obsolete, use 'fileformat'
883 'textwidth' 'tw' maximum width of text that is being inserted
884 'thesaurus' 'tsr' list of thesaurus files for keyword completion
885 'tildeop' 'top' tilde command "~" behaves like an operator
886 'timeout' 'to' time out on mappings and key codes
887 'timeoutlen' 'tm' time out time in milliseconds
888 'title' let Vim set the title of the window
889 'titlelen' percentage of 'columns' used for window title
890 'titleold' old title, restored when exiting
891 'titlestring' string to use for the Vim window title
892 'toolbar' 'tb' GUI: which items to show in the toolbar
893 'toolbariconsize' 'tbis' size of the toolbar icons (for GTK 2 only)
894 'ttimeout' time out on mappings
895 'ttimeoutlen' 'ttm' time out time for key codes in milliseconds
896 'ttybuiltin' 'tbi' use built-in termcap before external termcap
897 'ttyfast' 'tf' indicates a fast terminal connection
898 'ttymouse' 'ttym' type of mouse codes generated
899 'ttyscroll' 'tsl' maximum number of lines for a scroll
900 'ttytype' 'tty' alias for 'term'
901 'undolevels' 'ul' maximum number of changes that can be undone
902 'updatecount' 'uc' after this many characters flush swap file
903 'updatetime' 'ut' after this many milliseconds flush swap file
904 'verbose' 'vbs' give informative messages
905 'verbosefile' 'vfile' file to write messages in
906 'viewdir' 'vdir' directory where to store files with :mkview
907 'viewoptions' 'vop' specifies what to save for :mkview
908 'viminfo' 'vi' use .viminfo file upon startup and exiting
909 'virtualedit' 've' when to use virtual editing
910 'visualbell' 'vb' use visual bell instead of beeping
911 'warn' warn for shell command when buffer was changed
912 'weirdinvert' 'wi' for terminals that have weird inversion method
913 'whichwrap' 'ww' allow specified keys to cross line boundaries
914 'wildchar' 'wc' command-line character for wildcard expansion
915 'wildcharm' 'wcm' like 'wildchar' but also works when mapped
916 'wildignore' 'wig' files matching these patterns are not completed
917 'wildmenu' 'wmnu' use menu for command line completion
918 'wildmode' 'wim' mode for 'wildchar' command-line expansion
919 'wildoptions' 'wop' specifies how command line completion is done.
920 'winaltkeys' 'wak' when the windows system handles ALT keys
921 'winheight' 'wh' minimum number of lines for the current window
922 'winfixheight' 'wfh' keep window height when opening/closing windows
923 'winfixwidth' 'wfw' keep window width when opening/closing windows
924 'winminheight' 'wmh' minimum number of lines for any window
925 'winminwidth' 'wmw' minimal number of columns for any window
926 'winwidth' 'wiw' minimal number of columns for current window
927 'wrap' long lines wrap and continue on the next line
928 'wrapmargin' 'wm' chars from the right where wrapping starts
929 'wrapscan' 'ws' searches wrap around the end of the file
930 'write' writing to a file is allowed
931 'writeany' 'wa' write to file with no need for "!" override
932 'writebackup' 'wb' make a backup before overwriting a file
933 'writedelay' 'wd' delay this many msec for each char (for debug)
934 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
935 *Q_ur* Undo/Redo commands
937 |u| N u undo last N changes
938 |CTRL-R| N CTRL-R redo last N undone changes
939 |U| U restore last changed line
940 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
941 *Q_et* External commands
943 |:shell| :sh[ell] start a shell
944 |:!| :!{command} execute {command} with a shell
945 |K| K lookup keyword under the cursor with
946 'keywordprg' program (default: "man")
947 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
948 *Q_qf* Quickfix commands
950 |:cc| :cc [nr] display error [nr] (default is the same again)
951 |:cnext| :cn display the next error
952 |:cprevious| :cp display the previous error
953 |:clist| :cl list all errors
954 |:cfile| :cf read errors from the file 'errorfile'
955 |:cgetbuffer| :cgetb like :cbuffer but don't jump to the first error
956 |:cgetfile| :cg like :cfile but don't jump to the first error
957 |:cgetexpr| :cgete like :cexpr but don't jump to the first error
958 |:caddfile| :caddf add errors from the error file to the current
959 quickfix list
960 |:caddexpr| :cad add errors from an expression to the current
961 quickfix list
962 |:cbuffer| :cb read errors from text in a buffer
963 |:cexpr| :cex read errors from an expression
964 |:cquit| :cq quit without writing and return error code (to
965 the compiler)
966 |:make| :make [args] start make, read errors, and jump to first
967 error
968 |:grep| :gr[ep] [args] execute 'grepprg' to find matches and jump to
969 the first one.
970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
971 *Q_vc* Various commands
973 |CTRL-L| CTRL-L Clear and redraw the screen.
974 |CTRL-G| CTRL-G show current file name (with path) and cursor
975 position
976 |ga| ga show ascii value of character under cursor in
977 decimal, hex, and octal
978 |g8| g8 for utf-8 encoding: show byte sequence for
979 character under cursor in hex.
980 |g_CTRL-G| g CTRL-G show cursor column, line, and character
981 position
982 |CTRL-C| CTRL-C during searches: Interrupt the search
983 |dos-CTRL-Break| CTRL-Break MS-DOS: during searches: Interrupt the search
984 |<Del>| <Del> while entering a count: delete last character
985 |:version| :ve[rsion] show version information
986 |:mode| :mode N MS-DOS: set screen mode to N (number, C80,
987 C4350, etc.)
988 |:normal| :norm[al][!] {commands}
989 Execute Normal mode commands.
990 |Q| Q switch to "Ex" mode
992 |:redir| :redir >{file} redirect messages to {file}
993 |:silent| :silent[!] {command} execute {command} silently
994 |:confirm| :confirm {command} quit, write, etc., asking about
995 unsaved changes or read-only files.
996 |:browse| :browse {command} open/read/write file, using a
997 file selection dialog
998 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
999 *Q_ce* Command-line editing
1001 |c_<Esc>| <Esc> abandon command-line (if 'wildchar' is
1002 <Esc>, type it twice)
1004 |c_CTRL-V| CTRL-V {char} insert {char} literally
1005 |c_CTRL-V| CTRL-V {number} enter decimal value of character (up to
1006 three digits)
1007 |c_CTRL-K| CTRL-K {char1} {char2}
1008 enter digraph (See |Q_di|)
1009 |c_CTRL-R| CTRL-R {0-9a-z"%#:-=}
1010 insert the contents of a register
1012 |c_<Left>| <Left>/<Right> cursor left/right
1013 |c_<S-Left>| <S-Left>/<S-Right> cursor one word left/right
1014 |c_CTRL-B| CTRL-B/CTRL-E cursor to beginning/end of command-line
1016 |c_<BS>| <BS> delete the character in front of the cursor
1017 |c_<Del>| <Del> delete the character under the cursor
1018 |c_CTRL-W| CTRL-W delete the word in front of the cursor
1019 |c_CTRL-U| CTRL-U remove all characters
1021 |c_<Up>| <Up>/<Down> recall older/newer command-line that starts
1022 with current command
1023 |c_<S-Up>| <S-Up>/<S-Down> recall older/newer command-line from history
1024 |:history| :his[tory] show older command-lines
1026 Context-sensitive completion on the command-line:
1028 |c_wildchar| 'wildchar' (default: <Tab>)
1029 do completion on the pattern in front of the
1030 cursor. If there are multiple matches,
1031 beep and show the first one; further
1032 'wildchar' will show the next ones.
1033 |c_CTRL-D| CTRL-D list all names that match the pattern in
1034 front of the cursor
1035 |c_CTRL-A| CTRL-A insert all names that match pattern in front
1036 of cursor
1037 |c_CTRL-L| CTRL-L insert longest common part of names that
1038 match pattern
1039 |c_CTRL-N| CTRL-N after 'wildchar' with multiple matches: go
1040 to next match
1041 |c_CTRL-P| CTRL-P after 'wildchar' with multiple matches: go
1042 to previous match
1043 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1044 *Q_ra* Ex ranges
1046 |:range| , separates two line numbers
1047 |:range| ; idem, set cursor to the first line number
1048 before interpreting the second one
1050 |:range| {number} an absolute line number
1051 |:range| . the current line
1052 |:range| $ the last line in the file
1053 |:range| % equal to 1,$ (the entire file)
1054 |:range| * equal to '<,'> (visual area)
1055 |:range| 't position of mark t
1056 |:range| /{pattern}[/] the next line where {pattern} matches
1057 |:range| ?{pattern}[?] the previous line where {pattern} matches
1059 |:range| +[num] add [num] to the preceding line number
1060 (default: 1)
1061 |:range| -[num] subtract [num] from the preceding line
1062 number (default: 1)
1063 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1064 *Q_ex* Special Ex characters
1066 |:bar| | separates two commands (not for ":global" and ":!")
1067 |:quote| " begins comment
1069 |:_%| % current file name (only where a file name is expected)
1070 |:_#| #[num] alternate file name [num] (only where a file name is
1071 expected)
1072 Note: The next four are typed literally; these are not special keys!
1073 |:<cword>| <cword> word under the cursor (only where a file name is
1074 expected)
1075 |:<cWORD>| <cWORD> WORD under the cursor (only where a file name is
1076 expected) (see |WORD|)
1077 |:<cfile>| <cfile> file name under the cursor (only where a file name is
1078 expected)
1079 |:<afile>| <afile> file name for autocommand (only where a file name is
1080 expected)
1081 |:<sfile>| <sfile> file name of a ":source"d file, within that file (only
1082 where a file name is expected)
1084 After "%", "#", "<cfile>", "<sfile>" or "<afile>"
1085 |::p| :p full path
1086 |::h| :h head (file name removed)
1087 |::t| :t tail (file name only)
1088 |::r| :r root (extension removed)
1089 |::e| :e extension
1090 |::s| :s/{pat}/{repl}/ substitute {pat} with {repl}
1091 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1092 *Q_st* Starting VIM
1094 |-vim| vim [options] start editing with an empty buffer
1095 |-file| vim [options] {file} .. start editing one or more files
1096 |--| vim [options] - read file from stdin
1097 |-tag| vim [options] -t {tag} edit the file associated with {tag}
1098 |-qf| vim [options] -q [fname] start editing in QuickFix mode,
1099 display the first error
1101 Most useful Vim arguments (for full list see |startup-options|)
1103 |-gui| -g start GUI (also allows other options)
1105 |-+| +[num] put the cursor at line [num] (default: last line)
1106 |-+c| +{command} execute {command} after loading the file
1107 |-+/| +/{pat} {file} .. put the cursor at the first occurrence of {pat}
1108 |-v| -v Vi mode, start ex in Normal mode
1109 |-e| -e Ex mode, start vim in Ex mode
1110 |-R| -R Read-only mode, implies -n
1111 |-m| -m modifications not allowed (resets 'write' option)
1112 |-d| -d diff mode |diff|
1113 |-b| -b binary mode
1114 |-l| -l lisp mode
1115 |-A| -A Arabic mode ('arabic' is set)
1116 |-F| -F Farsi mode ('fkmap' and 'rightleft' are set)
1117 |-H| -H Hebrew mode ('hkmap' and 'rightleft' are set)
1118 |-V| -V Verbose, give informative messages
1119 |-C| -C Compatible, set the 'compatible' option
1120 |-N| -N Nocompatible, reset the 'compatible' option
1121 |-r| -r give list of swap files
1122 |-r| -r {file} .. recover aborted edit session
1123 |-n| -n do not create a swap file
1124 |-o| -o [num] open [num] windows (default: one for each file)
1125 |-f| -f GUI: foreground process, don't fork
1126 Amiga: do not restart VIM to open a window (for
1127 e.g., mail)
1128 |-s| -s {scriptin} first read commands from the file {scriptin}
1129 |-w| -w {scriptout} write typed chars to file {scriptout} (append)
1130 |-W| -W {scriptout} write typed chars to file {scriptout} (overwrite)
1131 |-T| -T {terminal} set terminal name
1132 |-d| -d {device} Amiga: open {device} to be used as a console
1133 |-u| -u {vimrc} read inits from {vimrc} instead of other inits
1134 |-U| -U {gvimrc} idem, for when starting the GUI
1135 |-i| -i {viminfo} read info from {viminfo} instead of other files
1136 |---| -- end of options, other arguments are file names
1137 |--help| --help show list of arguments and exit
1138 |--version| --version show version info and exit
1139 |--| - Read file from stdin.
1140 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1141 *Q_ed* Editing a file
1143 Without !: Fail if changes has been made to the current buffer.
1144 With !: Discard any changes to the current buffer.
1145 |:edit_f| :e[dit][!] {file} Edit {file}.
1146 |:edit| :e[dit][!] Reload the current file.
1147 |:enew| :ene[w][!] Edit a new, unnamed buffer.
1148 |:find| :fin[d][!] {file} Find {file} in 'path' and edit it.
1150 |CTRL-^| N CTRL-^ Edit alternate file N (equivalent to ":e #N").
1151 |gf| gf or ]f Edit the file whose name is under the cursor
1152 |:pwd| :pwd Print the current directory name.
1153 |:cd| :cd [path] Change the current directory to [path].
1154 |:cd-| :cd - Back to previous current directory.
1155 |:file| :f[ile] Print the current file name and the cursor
1156 position.
1157 |:file| :f[ile] {name} Set the current file name to {name}.
1158 |:files| :files Show alternate file names.
1159 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1160 *Q_fl* Using the argument list |argument-list|
1162 |:args| :ar[gs] Print the argument list, with the current file
1163 in "[]".
1164 |:all| :all or :sall Open a window for every file in the arg list.
1165 |:wn| :wn[ext][!] Write file and edit next file.
1166 |:wn| :wn[ext][!] {file} Write to {file} and edit next file, unless
1167 {file} exists. With !, overwrite existing
1168 file.
1169 |:wN| :wN[ext][!] [file] Write file and edit previous file.
1171 in current window in new window ~
1172 |:argument| :argu[ment] N :sar[gument] N Edit file N
1173 |:next| :n[ext] :sn[ext] Edit next file
1174 |:next_f| :n[ext] {arglist} :sn[ext] {arglist} define new arg list
1175 and edit first file
1176 |:Next| :N[ext] :sN[ext] Edit previous file
1177 |:first| :fir[st] :sfir[st] Edit first file
1178 |:last| :la[st] :sla[st] Edit last file
1179 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1180 *Q_wq* Writing and quitting
1182 |:w| :[range]w[rite][!] Write to the current file.
1183 |:w_f| :[range]w[rite] {file} Write to {file}, unless it already
1184 exists.
1185 |:w_f| :[range]w[rite]! {file} Write to {file}. Overwrite an existing
1186 file.
1187 |:w_a| :[range]w[rite][!] >> Append to the current file.
1188 |:w_a| :[range]w[rite][!] >> {file} Append to {file}.
1189 |:w_c| :[range]w[rite] !{cmd} Execute {cmd} with [range] lines as
1190 standard input.
1191 |:up| :[range]up[date][!] write to current file if modified
1192 |:wall| :wa[ll][!] write all changed buffers
1194 |:q| :q[uit] Quit current buffer, unless changes have been
1195 made. Exit Vim when there are no other
1196 non-help buffers
1197 |:q| :q[uit]! Quit current buffer always, discard any
1198 changes. Exit Vim when there are no other
1199 non-help buffers
1200 |:qa| :qa[ll] Exit Vim, unless changes have been made.
1201 |:qa| :qa[ll]! Exit Vim always, discard any changes.
1202 |:cq| :cq Quit without writing and return error code.
1204 |:wq| :wq[!] Write the current file and exit.
1205 |:wq| :wq[!] {file} Write to {file} and exit.
1206 |:xit| :x[it][!] [file] Like ":wq" but write only when changes have
1207 been made
1208 |ZZ| ZZ Same as ":x".
1209 |ZQ| ZQ Same as ":q!".
1210 |:xall| :xa[ll][!] or :wqall[!]
1211 Write all changed buffers and exit
1213 |:stop| :st[op][!] Suspend VIM or start new shell. If 'aw' option
1214 is set and [!] not given write the buffer.
1215 |CTRL-Z| CTRL-Z Same as ":stop"
1216 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1217 *Q_ac* Automatic Commands
1219 |viminfo-file| Read registers, marks, history at startup, save when exiting.
1221 |:rviminfo| :rv[iminfo] [file] Read info from viminfo file [file]
1222 |:rviminfo| :rv[iminfo]! [file] idem, overwrite existing info
1223 |:wviminfo| :wv[iminfo] [file] Add info to viminfo file [file]
1224 |:wviminfo| :wv[iminfo]! [file] Write info to viminfo file [file]
1226 |modeline| Automatic option setting when editing a file
1228 |modeline| vim:{set-arg}: .. In the first and last lines of the
1229 file (see 'ml' option), {set-arg} is
1230 given as an argument to ":set"
1232 |autocommand| Automatic execution of commands on certain events.
1234 |:autocmd| :au List all autocommands
1235 |:autocmd| :au {event} List all autocommands for {event}
1236 |:autocmd| :au {event} {pat} List all autocommands for {event} with
1237 {pat}
1238 |:autocmd| :au {event} {pat} {cmd} Enter new autocommands for {event}
1239 with {pat}
1240 |:autocmd| :au! Remove all autocommands
1241 |:autocmd| :au! {event} Remove all autocommands for {event}
1242 |:autocmd| :au! * {pat} Remove all autocommands for {pat}
1243 |:autocmd| :au! {event} {pat} Remove all autocommands for {event}
1244 with {pat}
1245 |:autocmd| :au! {event} {pat} {cmd} Remove all autocommands for {event}
1246 with {pat} and enter new one
1247 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1248 *Q_wi* Multi-window commands
1250 |CTRL-W_s| CTRL-W s or :split Split window into two parts
1251 |:split_f| :split {file} Split window and edit {file} in one of
1252 them
1253 |:vsplit| :vsplit {file} Same, but split vertically
1254 |:vertical| :vertical {cmd} Make {cmd} split vertically
1256 |:sfind| :sf[ind] {file} Split window, find {file} in 'path'
1257 and edit it.
1258 |CTRL-W_]| CTRL-W ] Split window and jump to tag under
1259 cursor
1260 |CTRL-W_f| CTRL-W f Split window and edit file name under
1261 the cursor
1262 |CTRL-W_^| CTRL-W ^ Split window and edit alternate file
1263 |CTRL-W_n| CTRL-W n or :new Create new empty window
1264 |CTRL-W_q| CTRL-W q or :q[uit] Quit editing and close window
1265 |CTRL-W_c| CTRL-W c or :cl[ose] Make buffer hidden and close window
1266 |CTRL-W_o| CTRL-W o or :on[ly] Make current window only one on the
1267 screen
1269 |CTRL-W_j| CTRL-W j Move cursor to window below
1270 |CTRL-W_k| CTRL-W k Move cursor to window above
1271 |CTRL-W_CTRL-W| CTRL-W CTRL-W Move cursor to window below (wrap)
1272 |CTRL-W_W| CTRL-W W Move cursor to window above (wrap)
1273 |CTRL-W_t| CTRL-W t Move cursor to top window
1274 |CTRL-W_b| CTRL-W b Move cursor to bottom window
1275 |CTRL-W_p| CTRL-W p Move cursor to previous active window
1277 |CTRL-W_r| CTRL-W r Rotate windows downwards
1278 |CTRL-W_R| CTRL-W R Rotate windows upwards
1279 |CTRL-W_x| CTRL-W x Exchange current window with next one
1281 |CTRL-W_=| CTRL-W = Make all windows equal height
1282 |CTRL-W_-| CTRL-W - Decrease current window height
1283 |CTRL-W_+| CTRL-W + Increase current window height
1284 |CTRL-W__| CTRL-W _ Set current window height (default:
1285 very high)
1286 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1287 *Q_bu* Buffer list commands
1289 |:buffers| :buffers or :files list all known buffer and file names
1291 |:ball| :ball or :sball edit all args/buffers
1292 |:unhide| :unhide or :sunhide edit all loaded buffers
1294 |:badd| :badd {fname} add file name {fname} to the list
1295 |:bunload| :bunload[!] [N] unload buffer [N] from memory
1296 |:bdelete| :bdelete[!] [N] unload buffer [N] and delete it from
1297 the buffer list
1299 in current window in new window ~
1300 |:buffer| :[N]buffer [N] :[N]sbuffer [N] to arg/buf N
1301 |:bnext| :[N]bnext [N] :[N]sbnext [N] to Nth next arg/buf
1302 |:bNext| :[N]bNext [N] :[N]sbNext [N] to Nth previous arg/buf
1303 |:bprevious| :[N]bprevious [N] :[N]sbprevious [N] to Nth previous arg/buf
1304 |:bfirst| :bfirst :sbfirst to first arg/buf
1305 |:blast| :blast :sblast to last arg/buf
1306 |:bmodified| :[N]bmod [N] :[N]sbmod [N] to Nth modified buf
1307 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1308 *Q_sy* Syntax Highlighting
1310 |:syn-on| :syntax on start using syntax highlighting
1311 |:syn-off| :syntax off stop using syntax highlighting
1313 |:syn-keyword| :syntax keyword {group-name} {keyword} ..
1314 add a syntax keyword item
1315 |:syn-match| :syntax match {group-name} {pattern} ...
1316 add syntax match item
1317 |:syn-region| :syntax region {group-name} {pattern} ...
1318 add syntax region item
1319 |:syn-sync| :syntax sync [ccomment | lines {N} | ...]
1320 tell syntax how to sync
1321 |:syntax| :syntax [list] list current syntax items
1322 |:syn-clear| :syntax clear clear all syntax info
1324 |:highlight| :highlight clear clear all highlight info
1325 |:highlight| :highlight {group-name} {key}={arg} ..
1326 set highlighting for {group-name}
1328 |:filetype| :filetype on switch on file type detection, without
1329 syntax highlighting
1330 |:filetype| :filetype plugin indent on
1331 switch on file type detection, with
1332 automatic indenting and settings
1333 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1334 *Q_gu* GUI commands
1336 |:gui| :gui UNIX: start the GUI
1337 |:gui| :gui {fname} .. idem, and edit {fname} ..
1339 |:menu| :menu list all menus
1340 |:menu| :menu {mpath} list menus starting with {mpath}
1341 |:menu| :menu {mpath} {rhs} add menu {mpath}, giving {lhs}
1342 |:menu| :menu {pri} {mpath} {rhs}
1343 idem, with priorities {pri}
1344 |:menu| :menu ToolBar.{name} {rhs}
1345 add toolbar item, giving {lhs}
1346 |:tmenu| :tmenu {mpath} {text} add tooltip to menu {mpath}
1347 |:unmenu| :unmenu {mpath} remove menu {mpath}
1348 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1349 *Q_fo* Folding
1351 |'foldmethod'| set foldmethod=manual manual folding
1352 set foldmethod=indent folding by indent
1353 set foldmethod=expr folding by 'foldexpr'
1354 set foldmethod=syntax folding by syntax regions
1355 set foldmethod=marker folding by 'foldmarkers'
1357 |zf| zf{motion} operator: Define a fold manually
1358 |:fold| :{range}fold define a fold for {range} lines
1359 |zd| zd delete one fold under the cursor
1360 |zD| zD delete all folds under the cursor
1362 |zo| zo open one fold under the cursor
1363 |zO| zO open all folds under the cursor
1364 |zc| zc close one fold under the cursor
1365 |zC| zC close all folds under the cursor
1367 |zm| zm fold more: decrease 'foldlevel'
1368 |zM| zM close all folds: make 'foldlevel' zero
1369 |zr| zr reduce folding: increase 'foldlevel'
1370 |zR| zR open all folds: make 'foldlevel' max.
1372 |zn| zn fold none: reset 'foldenable'
1373 |zN| zN fold normal set 'foldenable'
1374 |zi| zi invert 'foldenable'
1376 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: