List all non-standard options and commands in help

[MacVim.git] / src / misc1.c

/* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4:
 *
 * VIM - Vi IMproved    by Bram Moolenaar
 *
 * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
 * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
 * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
 */

/*
 * misc1.c: functions that didn't seem to fit elsewhere
 */

#include "vim.h"
#include "version.h"

static char_u *vim_version_dir __ARGS((char_u *vimdir));
static char_u *remove_tail __ARGS((char_u *p, char_u *pend, char_u *name));
static int copy_indent __ARGS((int size, char_u *src));

/*
 * Count the size (in window cells) of the indent in the current line.
 */
    int
get_indent()
{
    return get_indent_str(ml_get_curline(), (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);
}

/*
 * Count the size (in window cells) of the indent in line "lnum".
 */
    int
get_indent_lnum(lnum)
    linenr_T    lnum;
{
    return get_indent_str(ml_get(lnum), (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);
}

#if defined(FEAT_FOLDING) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Count the size (in window cells) of the indent in line "lnum" of buffer
 * "buf".
 */
    int
get_indent_buf(buf, lnum)
    buf_T       *buf;
    linenr_T    lnum;
{
    return get_indent_str(ml_get_buf(buf, lnum, FALSE), (int)buf->b_p_ts);
}
#endif

/*
 * count the size (in window cells) of the indent in line "ptr", with
 * 'tabstop' at "ts"
 */
    int
get_indent_str(ptr, ts)
    char_u      *ptr;
    int         ts;
{
    int         count = 0;

    for ( ; *ptr; ++ptr)
    {
        if (*ptr == TAB)    /* count a tab for what it is worth */
            count += ts - (count % ts);
        else if (*ptr == ' ')
            ++count;            /* count a space for one */
        else
            break;
    }
    return count;
}

/*
 * Set the indent of the current line.
 * Leaves the cursor on the first non-blank in the line.
 * Caller must take care of undo.
 * "flags":
 *      SIN_CHANGED:    call changed_bytes() if the line was changed.
 *      SIN_INSERT:     insert the indent in front of the line.
 *      SIN_UNDO:       save line for undo before changing it.
 * Returns TRUE if the line was changed.
 */
    int
set_indent(size, flags)
    int         size;               /* measured in spaces */
    int         flags;
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *newline;
    char_u      *oldline;
    char_u      *s;
    int         todo;
    int         ind_len;            /* measured in characters */
    int         line_len;
    int         doit = FALSE;
    int         ind_done = 0;       /* measured in spaces */
    int         tab_pad;
    int         retval = FALSE;
    int         orig_char_len = -1; /* number of initial whitespace chars when
                                       'et' and 'pi' are both set */

    /*
     * First check if there is anything to do and compute the number of
     * characters needed for the indent.
     */
    todo = size;
    ind_len = 0;
    p = oldline = ml_get_curline();

    /* Calculate the buffer size for the new indent, and check to see if it
     * isn't already set */

    /* if 'expandtab' isn't set: use TABs; if both 'expandtab' and
     * 'preserveindent' are set count the number of characters at the
     * beginning of the line to be copied */
    if (!curbuf->b_p_et || (!(flags & SIN_INSERT) && curbuf->b_p_pi))
    {
        /* If 'preserveindent' is set then reuse as much as possible of
         * the existing indent structure for the new indent */
        if (!(flags & SIN_INSERT) && curbuf->b_p_pi)
        {
            ind_done = 0;

            /* count as many characters as we can use */
            while (todo > 0 && vim_iswhite(*p))
            {
                if (*p == TAB)
                {
                    tab_pad = (int)curbuf->b_p_ts
                                           - (ind_done % (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);
                    /* stop if this tab will overshoot the target */
                    if (todo < tab_pad)
                        break;
                    todo -= tab_pad;
                    ++ind_len;
                    ind_done += tab_pad;
                }
                else
                {
                    --todo;
                    ++ind_len;
                    ++ind_done;
                }
                ++p;
            }

            /* Set initial number of whitespace chars to copy if we are
             * preserving indent but expandtab is set */
            if (curbuf->b_p_et)
                orig_char_len = ind_len;

            /* Fill to next tabstop with a tab, if possible */
            tab_pad = (int)curbuf->b_p_ts - (ind_done % (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);
            if (todo >= tab_pad && orig_char_len == -1)
            {
                doit = TRUE;
                todo -= tab_pad;
                ++ind_len;
                /* ind_done += tab_pad; */
            }
        }

        /* count tabs required for indent */
        while (todo >= (int)curbuf->b_p_ts)
        {
            if (*p != TAB)
                doit = TRUE;
            else
                ++p;
            todo -= (int)curbuf->b_p_ts;
            ++ind_len;
            /* ind_done += (int)curbuf->b_p_ts; */
        }
    }
    /* count spaces required for indent */
    while (todo > 0)
    {
        if (*p != ' ')
            doit = TRUE;
        else
            ++p;
        --todo;
        ++ind_len;
        /* ++ind_done; */
    }

    /* Return if the indent is OK already. */
    if (!doit && !vim_iswhite(*p) && !(flags & SIN_INSERT))
        return FALSE;

    /* Allocate memory for the new line. */
    if (flags & SIN_INSERT)
        p = oldline;
    else
        p = skipwhite(p);
    line_len = (int)STRLEN(p) + 1;

    /* If 'preserveindent' and 'expandtab' are both set keep the original
     * characters and allocate accordingly.  We will fill the rest with spaces
     * after the if (!curbuf->b_p_et) below. */
    if (orig_char_len != -1)
    {
        newline = alloc(orig_char_len + size - ind_done + line_len);
        if (newline == NULL)
            return FALSE;
        todo = size - ind_done;
        ind_len = orig_char_len + todo;    /* Set total length of indent in
                                            * characters, which may have been
                                            * undercounted until now  */
        p = oldline;
        s = newline;
        while (orig_char_len > 0)
        {
            *s++ = *p++;
            orig_char_len--;
        }

        /* Skip over any additional white space (useful when newindent is less
         * than old) */
        while (vim_iswhite(*p))
            ++p;

    }
    else
    {
        todo = size;
        newline = alloc(ind_len + line_len);
        if (newline == NULL)
            return FALSE;
        s = newline;
    }

    /* Put the characters in the new line. */
    /* if 'expandtab' isn't set: use TABs */
    if (!curbuf->b_p_et)
    {
        /* If 'preserveindent' is set then reuse as much as possible of
         * the existing indent structure for the new indent */
        if (!(flags & SIN_INSERT) && curbuf->b_p_pi)
        {
            p = oldline;
            ind_done = 0;

            while (todo > 0 && vim_iswhite(*p))
            {
                if (*p == TAB)
                {
                    tab_pad = (int)curbuf->b_p_ts
                                           - (ind_done % (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);
                    /* stop if this tab will overshoot the target */
                    if (todo < tab_pad)
                        break;
                    todo -= tab_pad;
                    ind_done += tab_pad;
                }
                else
                {
                    --todo;
                    ++ind_done;
                }
                *s++ = *p++;
            }

            /* Fill to next tabstop with a tab, if possible */
            tab_pad = (int)curbuf->b_p_ts - (ind_done % (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);
            if (todo >= tab_pad)
            {
                *s++ = TAB;
                todo -= tab_pad;
            }

            p = skipwhite(p);
        }

        while (todo >= (int)curbuf->b_p_ts)
        {
            *s++ = TAB;
            todo -= (int)curbuf->b_p_ts;
        }
    }
    while (todo > 0)
    {
        *s++ = ' ';
        --todo;
    }
    mch_memmove(s, p, (size_t)line_len);

    /* Replace the line (unless undo fails). */
    if (!(flags & SIN_UNDO) || u_savesub(curwin->w_cursor.lnum) == OK)
    {
        ml_replace(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, newline, FALSE);
        if (flags & SIN_CHANGED)
            changed_bytes(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, 0);
        /* Correct saved cursor position if it's after the indent. */
        if (saved_cursor.lnum == curwin->w_cursor.lnum
                                && saved_cursor.col >= (colnr_T)(p - oldline))
            saved_cursor.col += ind_len - (colnr_T)(p - oldline);
        retval = TRUE;
    }
    else
        vim_free(newline);

    curwin->w_cursor.col = ind_len;
    return retval;
}

/*
 * Copy the indent from ptr to the current line (and fill to size)
 * Leaves the cursor on the first non-blank in the line.
 * Returns TRUE if the line was changed.
 */
    static int
copy_indent(size, src)
    int         size;
    char_u      *src;
{
    char_u      *p = NULL;
    char_u      *line = NULL;
    char_u      *s;
    int         todo;
    int         ind_len;
    int         line_len = 0;
    int         tab_pad;
    int         ind_done;
    int         round;

    /* Round 1: compute the number of characters needed for the indent
     * Round 2: copy the characters. */
    for (round = 1; round <= 2; ++round)
    {
        todo = size;
        ind_len = 0;
        ind_done = 0;
        s = src;

        /* Count/copy the usable portion of the source line */
        while (todo > 0 && vim_iswhite(*s))
        {
            if (*s == TAB)
            {
                tab_pad = (int)curbuf->b_p_ts
                                           - (ind_done % (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);
                /* Stop if this tab will overshoot the target */
                if (todo < tab_pad)
                    break;
                todo -= tab_pad;
                ind_done += tab_pad;
            }
            else
            {
                --todo;
                ++ind_done;
            }
            ++ind_len;
            if (p != NULL)
                *p++ = *s;
            ++s;
        }

        /* Fill to next tabstop with a tab, if possible */
        tab_pad = (int)curbuf->b_p_ts - (ind_done % (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);
        if (todo >= tab_pad)
        {
            todo -= tab_pad;
            ++ind_len;
            if (p != NULL)
                *p++ = TAB;
        }

        /* Add tabs required for indent */
        while (todo >= (int)curbuf->b_p_ts)
        {
            todo -= (int)curbuf->b_p_ts;
            ++ind_len;
            if (p != NULL)
                *p++ = TAB;
        }

        /* Count/add spaces required for indent */
        while (todo > 0)
        {
            --todo;
            ++ind_len;
            if (p != NULL)
                *p++ = ' ';
        }

        if (p == NULL)
        {
            /* Allocate memory for the result: the copied indent, new indent
             * and the rest of the line. */
            line_len = (int)STRLEN(ml_get_curline()) + 1;
            line = alloc(ind_len + line_len);
            if (line == NULL)
                return FALSE;
            p = line;
        }
    }

    /* Append the original line */
    mch_memmove(p, ml_get_curline(), (size_t)line_len);

    /* Replace the line */
    ml_replace(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, line, FALSE);

    /* Put the cursor after the indent. */
    curwin->w_cursor.col = ind_len;
    return TRUE;
}

/*
 * Return the indent of the current line after a number.  Return -1 if no
 * number was found.  Used for 'n' in 'formatoptions': numbered list.
 * Since a pattern is used it can actually handle more than numbers.
 */
    int
get_number_indent(lnum)
    linenr_T    lnum;
{
    colnr_T     col;
    pos_T       pos;
    regmmatch_T regmatch;

    if (lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
        return -1;
    pos.lnum = 0;
    regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(curbuf->b_p_flp, RE_MAGIC);
    if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
    {
        regmatch.rmm_ic = FALSE;
        regmatch.rmm_maxcol = 0;
        if (vim_regexec_multi(&regmatch, curwin, curbuf, lnum,
                                                            (colnr_T)0, NULL))
        {
            pos.lnum = regmatch.endpos[0].lnum + lnum;
            pos.col = regmatch.endpos[0].col;
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
            pos.coladd = 0;
#endif
        }
        vim_free(regmatch.regprog);
    }

    if (pos.lnum == 0 || *ml_get_pos(&pos) == NUL)
        return -1;
    getvcol(curwin, &pos, &col, NULL, NULL);
    return (int)col;
}

#if defined(FEAT_CINDENT) || defined(FEAT_SMARTINDENT)

static int cin_is_cinword __ARGS((char_u *line));

/*
 * Return TRUE if the string "line" starts with a word from 'cinwords'.
 */
    static int
cin_is_cinword(line)
    char_u      *line;
{
    char_u      *cinw;
    char_u      *cinw_buf;
    int         cinw_len;
    int         retval = FALSE;
    int         len;

    cinw_len = (int)STRLEN(curbuf->b_p_cinw) + 1;
    cinw_buf = alloc((unsigned)cinw_len);
    if (cinw_buf != NULL)
    {
        line = skipwhite(line);
        for (cinw = curbuf->b_p_cinw; *cinw; )
        {
            len = copy_option_part(&cinw, cinw_buf, cinw_len, ",");
            if (STRNCMP(line, cinw_buf, len) == 0
                    && (!vim_iswordc(line[len]) || !vim_iswordc(line[len - 1])))
            {
                retval = TRUE;
                break;
            }
        }
        vim_free(cinw_buf);
    }
    return retval;
}
#endif

/*
 * open_line: Add a new line below or above the current line.
 *
 * For VREPLACE mode, we only add a new line when we get to the end of the
 * file, otherwise we just start replacing the next line.
 *
 * Caller must take care of undo.  Since VREPLACE may affect any number of
 * lines however, it may call u_save_cursor() again when starting to change a
 * new line.
 * "flags": OPENLINE_DELSPACES  delete spaces after cursor
 *          OPENLINE_DO_COM     format comments
 *          OPENLINE_KEEPTRAIL  keep trailing spaces
 *          OPENLINE_MARKFIX    adjust mark positions after the line break
 *
 * Return TRUE for success, FALSE for failure
 */
    int
open_line(dir, flags, old_indent)
    int         dir;            /* FORWARD or BACKWARD */
    int         flags;
    int         old_indent;     /* indent for after ^^D in Insert mode */
{
    char_u      *saved_line;            /* copy of the original line */
    char_u      *next_line = NULL;      /* copy of the next line */
    char_u      *p_extra = NULL;        /* what goes to next line */
    int         less_cols = 0;          /* less columns for mark in new line */
    int         less_cols_off = 0;      /* columns to skip for mark adjust */
    pos_T       old_cursor;             /* old cursor position */
    int         newcol = 0;             /* new cursor column */
    int         newindent = 0;          /* auto-indent of the new line */
    int         n;
    int         trunc_line = FALSE;     /* truncate current line afterwards */
    int         retval = FALSE;         /* return value, default is FAIL */
#ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
    int         extra_len = 0;          /* length of p_extra string */
    int         lead_len;               /* length of comment leader */
    char_u      *lead_flags;    /* position in 'comments' for comment leader */
    char_u      *leader = NULL;         /* copy of comment leader */
#endif
    char_u      *allocated = NULL;      /* allocated memory */
#if defined(FEAT_SMARTINDENT) || defined(FEAT_VREPLACE) || defined(FEAT_LISP) \
        || defined(FEAT_CINDENT) || defined(FEAT_COMMENTS)
    char_u      *p;
#endif
    int         saved_char = NUL;       /* init for GCC */
#if defined(FEAT_SMARTINDENT) || defined(FEAT_COMMENTS)
    pos_T       *pos;
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
    int         do_si = (!p_paste && curbuf->b_p_si
# ifdef FEAT_CINDENT
                                        && !curbuf->b_p_cin
# endif
                        );
    int         no_si = FALSE;          /* reset did_si afterwards */
    int         first_char = NUL;       /* init for GCC */
#endif
#if defined(FEAT_VREPLACE) && (defined(FEAT_LISP) || defined(FEAT_CINDENT))
    int         vreplace_mode;
#endif
    int         did_append;             /* appended a new line */
    int         saved_pi = curbuf->b_p_pi; /* copy of preserveindent setting */

    /*
     * make a copy of the current line so we can mess with it
     */
    saved_line = vim_strsave(ml_get_curline());
    if (saved_line == NULL)         /* out of memory! */
        return FALSE;

#ifdef FEAT_VREPLACE
    if (State & VREPLACE_FLAG)
    {
        /*
         * With VREPLACE we make a copy of the next line, which we will be
         * starting to replace.  First make the new line empty and let vim play
         * with the indenting and comment leader to its heart's content.  Then
         * we grab what it ended up putting on the new line, put back the
         * original line, and call ins_char() to put each new character onto
         * the line, replacing what was there before and pushing the right
         * stuff onto the replace stack.  -- webb.
         */
        if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum < orig_line_count)
            next_line = vim_strsave(ml_get(curwin->w_cursor.lnum + 1));
        else
            next_line = vim_strsave((char_u *)"");
        if (next_line == NULL)      /* out of memory! */
            goto theend;

        /*
         * In VREPLACE mode, a NL replaces the rest of the line, and starts
         * replacing the next line, so push all of the characters left on the
         * line onto the replace stack.  We'll push any other characters that
         * might be replaced at the start of the next line (due to autoindent
         * etc) a bit later.
         */
        replace_push(NUL);  /* Call twice because BS over NL expects it */
        replace_push(NUL);
        p = saved_line + curwin->w_cursor.col;
        while (*p != NUL)
        {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
            if (has_mbyte)
                p += replace_push_mb(p);
            else
#endif
                replace_push(*p++);
        }
        saved_line[curwin->w_cursor.col] = NUL;
    }
#endif

    if ((State & INSERT)
#ifdef FEAT_VREPLACE
            && !(State & VREPLACE_FLAG)
#endif
            )
    {
        p_extra = saved_line + curwin->w_cursor.col;
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
        if (do_si)              /* need first char after new line break */
        {
            p = skipwhite(p_extra);
            first_char = *p;
        }
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
        extra_len = (int)STRLEN(p_extra);
#endif
        saved_char = *p_extra;
        *p_extra = NUL;
    }

    u_clearline();              /* cannot do "U" command when adding lines */
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
    did_si = FALSE;
#endif
    ai_col = 0;

    /*
     * If we just did an auto-indent, then we didn't type anything on
     * the prior line, and it should be truncated.  Do this even if 'ai' is not
     * set because automatically inserting a comment leader also sets did_ai.
     */
    if (dir == FORWARD && did_ai)
        trunc_line = TRUE;

    /*
     * If 'autoindent' and/or 'smartindent' is set, try to figure out what
     * indent to use for the new line.
     */
    if (curbuf->b_p_ai
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
                        || do_si
#endif
                                            )
    {
        /*
         * count white space on current line
         */
        newindent = get_indent_str(saved_line, (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);
        if (newindent == 0)
            newindent = old_indent;     /* for ^^D command in insert mode */

#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
        /*
         * Do smart indenting.
         * In insert/replace mode (only when dir == FORWARD)
         * we may move some text to the next line. If it starts with '{'
         * don't add an indent. Fixes inserting a NL before '{' in line
         *      "if (condition) {"
         */
        if (!trunc_line && do_si && *saved_line != NUL
                                    && (p_extra == NULL || first_char != '{'))
        {
            char_u  *ptr;
            char_u  last_char;

            old_cursor = curwin->w_cursor;
            ptr = saved_line;
# ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
            if (flags & OPENLINE_DO_COM)
                lead_len = get_leader_len(ptr, NULL, FALSE);
            else
                lead_len = 0;
# endif
            if (dir == FORWARD)
            {
                /*
                 * Skip preprocessor directives, unless they are
                 * recognised as comments.
                 */
                if (
# ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
                        lead_len == 0 &&
# endif
                        ptr[0] == '#')
                {
                    while (ptr[0] == '#' && curwin->w_cursor.lnum > 1)
                        ptr = ml_get(--curwin->w_cursor.lnum);
                    newindent = get_indent();
                }
# ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
                if (flags & OPENLINE_DO_COM)
                    lead_len = get_leader_len(ptr, NULL, FALSE);
                else
                    lead_len = 0;
                if (lead_len > 0)
                {
                    /*
                     * This case gets the following right:
                     *      \*
                     *       * A comment (read '\' as '/').
                     *       *\
                     * #define IN_THE_WAY
                     *      This should line up here;
                     */
                    p = skipwhite(ptr);
                    if (p[0] == '/' && p[1] == '*')
                        p++;
                    if (p[0] == '*')
                    {
                        for (p++; *p; p++)
                        {
                            if (p[0] == '/' && p[-1] == '*')
                            {
                                /*
                                 * End of C comment, indent should line up
                                 * with the line containing the start of
                                 * the comment
                                 */
                                curwin->w_cursor.col = (colnr_T)(p - ptr);
                                if ((pos = findmatch(NULL, NUL)) != NULL)
                                {
                                    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = pos->lnum;
                                    newindent = get_indent();
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else    /* Not a comment line */
# endif
                {
                    /* Find last non-blank in line */
                    p = ptr + STRLEN(ptr) - 1;
                    while (p > ptr && vim_iswhite(*p))
                        --p;
                    last_char = *p;

                    /*
                     * find the character just before the '{' or ';'
                     */
                    if (last_char == '{' || last_char == ';')
                    {
                        if (p > ptr)
                            --p;
                        while (p > ptr && vim_iswhite(*p))
                            --p;
                    }
                    /*
                     * Try to catch lines that are split over multiple
                     * lines.  eg:
                     *      if (condition &&
                     *                  condition) {
                     *          Should line up here!
                     *      }
                     */
                    if (*p == ')')
                    {
                        curwin->w_cursor.col = (colnr_T)(p - ptr);
                        if ((pos = findmatch(NULL, '(')) != NULL)
                        {
                            curwin->w_cursor.lnum = pos->lnum;
                            newindent = get_indent();
                            ptr = ml_get_curline();
                        }
                    }
                    /*
                     * If last character is '{' do indent, without
                     * checking for "if" and the like.
                     */
                    if (last_char == '{')
                    {
                        did_si = TRUE;  /* do indent */
                        no_si = TRUE;   /* don't delete it when '{' typed */
                    }
                    /*
                     * Look for "if" and the like, use 'cinwords'.
                     * Don't do this if the previous line ended in ';' or
                     * '}'.
                     */
                    else if (last_char != ';' && last_char != '}'
                                                       && cin_is_cinword(ptr))
                        did_si = TRUE;
                }
            }
            else /* dir == BACKWARD */
            {
                /*
                 * Skip preprocessor directives, unless they are
                 * recognised as comments.
                 */
                if (
# ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
                        lead_len == 0 &&
# endif
                        ptr[0] == '#')
                {
                    int was_backslashed = FALSE;

                    while ((ptr[0] == '#' || was_backslashed) &&
                         curwin->w_cursor.lnum < curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
                    {
                        if (*ptr && ptr[STRLEN(ptr) - 1] == '\\')
                            was_backslashed = TRUE;
                        else
                            was_backslashed = FALSE;
                        ptr = ml_get(++curwin->w_cursor.lnum);
                    }
                    if (was_backslashed)
                        newindent = 0;      /* Got to end of file */
                    else
                        newindent = get_indent();
                }
                p = skipwhite(ptr);
                if (*p == '}')      /* if line starts with '}': do indent */
                    did_si = TRUE;
                else                /* can delete indent when '{' typed */
                    can_si_back = TRUE;
            }
            curwin->w_cursor = old_cursor;
        }
        if (do_si)
            can_si = TRUE;
#endif /* FEAT_SMARTINDENT */

        did_ai = TRUE;
    }

#ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
    /*
     * Find out if the current line starts with a comment leader.
     * This may then be inserted in front of the new line.
     */
    end_comment_pending = NUL;
    if (flags & OPENLINE_DO_COM)
        lead_len = get_leader_len(saved_line, &lead_flags, dir == BACKWARD);
    else
        lead_len = 0;
    if (lead_len > 0)
    {
        char_u  *lead_repl = NULL;          /* replaces comment leader */
        int     lead_repl_len = 0;          /* length of *lead_repl */
        char_u  lead_middle[COM_MAX_LEN];   /* middle-comment string */
        char_u  lead_end[COM_MAX_LEN];      /* end-comment string */
        char_u  *comment_end = NULL;        /* where lead_end has been found */
        int     extra_space = FALSE;        /* append extra space */
        int     current_flag;
        int     require_blank = FALSE;      /* requires blank after middle */
        char_u  *p2;

        /*
         * If the comment leader has the start, middle or end flag, it may not
         * be used or may be replaced with the middle leader.
         */
        for (p = lead_flags; *p && *p != ':'; ++p)
        {
            if (*p == COM_BLANK)
            {
                require_blank = TRUE;
                continue;
            }
            if (*p == COM_START || *p == COM_MIDDLE)
            {
                current_flag = *p;
                if (*p == COM_START)
                {
                    /*
                     * Doing "O" on a start of comment does not insert leader.
                     */
                    if (dir == BACKWARD)
                    {
                        lead_len = 0;
                        break;
                    }

                    /* find start of middle part */
                    (void)copy_option_part(&p, lead_middle, COM_MAX_LEN, ",");
                    require_blank = FALSE;
                }

                /*
                 * Isolate the strings of the middle and end leader.
                 */
                while (*p && p[-1] != ':')      /* find end of middle flags */
                {
                    if (*p == COM_BLANK)
                        require_blank = TRUE;
                    ++p;
                }
                (void)copy_option_part(&p, lead_middle, COM_MAX_LEN, ",");

                while (*p && p[-1] != ':')      /* find end of end flags */
                {
                    /* Check whether we allow automatic ending of comments */
                    if (*p == COM_AUTO_END)
                        end_comment_pending = -1; /* means we want to set it */
                    ++p;
                }
                n = copy_option_part(&p, lead_end, COM_MAX_LEN, ",");

                if (end_comment_pending == -1)  /* we can set it now */
                    end_comment_pending = lead_end[n - 1];

                /*
                 * If the end of the comment is in the same line, don't use
                 * the comment leader.
                 */
                if (dir == FORWARD)
                {
                    for (p = saved_line + lead_len; *p; ++p)
                        if (STRNCMP(p, lead_end, n) == 0)
                        {
                            comment_end = p;
                            lead_len = 0;
                            break;
                        }
                }

                /*
                 * Doing "o" on a start of comment inserts the middle leader.
                 */
                if (lead_len > 0)
                {
                    if (current_flag == COM_START)
                    {
                        lead_repl = lead_middle;
                        lead_repl_len = (int)STRLEN(lead_middle);
                    }

                    /*
                     * If we have hit RETURN immediately after the start
                     * comment leader, then put a space after the middle
                     * comment leader on the next line.
                     */
                    if (!vim_iswhite(saved_line[lead_len - 1])
                            && ((p_extra != NULL
                                    && (int)curwin->w_cursor.col == lead_len)
                                || (p_extra == NULL
                                    && saved_line[lead_len] == NUL)
                                || require_blank))
                        extra_space = TRUE;
                }
                break;
            }
            if (*p == COM_END)
            {
                /*
                 * Doing "o" on the end of a comment does not insert leader.
                 * Remember where the end is, might want to use it to find the
                 * start (for C-comments).
                 */
                if (dir == FORWARD)
                {
                    comment_end = skipwhite(saved_line);
                    lead_len = 0;
                    break;
                }

                /*
                 * Doing "O" on the end of a comment inserts the middle leader.
                 * Find the string for the middle leader, searching backwards.
                 */
                while (p > curbuf->b_p_com && *p != ',')
                    --p;
                for (lead_repl = p; lead_repl > curbuf->b_p_com
                                         && lead_repl[-1] != ':'; --lead_repl)
                    ;
                lead_repl_len = (int)(p - lead_repl);

                /* We can probably always add an extra space when doing "O" on
                 * the comment-end */
                extra_space = TRUE;

                /* Check whether we allow automatic ending of comments */
                for (p2 = p; *p2 && *p2 != ':'; p2++)
                {
                    if (*p2 == COM_AUTO_END)
                        end_comment_pending = -1; /* means we want to set it */
                }
                if (end_comment_pending == -1)
                {
                    /* Find last character in end-comment string */
                    while (*p2 && *p2 != ',')
                        p2++;
                    end_comment_pending = p2[-1];
                }
                break;
            }
            if (*p == COM_FIRST)
            {
                /*
                 * Comment leader for first line only:  Don't repeat leader
                 * when using "O", blank out leader when using "o".
                 */
                if (dir == BACKWARD)
                    lead_len = 0;
                else
                {
                    lead_repl = (char_u *)"";
                    lead_repl_len = 0;
                }
                break;
            }
        }
        if (lead_len)
        {
            /* allocate buffer (may concatenate p_exta later) */
            leader = alloc(lead_len + lead_repl_len + extra_space +
                                                              extra_len + 1);
            allocated = leader;             /* remember to free it later */

            if (leader == NULL)
                lead_len = 0;
            else
            {
                vim_strncpy(leader, saved_line, lead_len);

                /*
                 * Replace leader with lead_repl, right or left adjusted
                 */
                if (lead_repl != NULL)
                {
                    int         c = 0;
                    int         off = 0;

                    for (p = lead_flags; *p && *p != ':'; ++p)
                    {
                        if (*p == COM_RIGHT || *p == COM_LEFT)
                            c = *p;
                        else if (VIM_ISDIGIT(*p) || *p == '-')
                            off = getdigits(&p);
                    }
                    if (c == COM_RIGHT)    /* right adjusted leader */
                    {
                        /* find last non-white in the leader to line up with */
                        for (p = leader + lead_len - 1; p > leader
                                                      && vim_iswhite(*p); --p)
                            ;
                        ++p;

#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                        /* Compute the length of the replaced characters in
                         * screen characters, not bytes. */
                        {
                            int     repl_size = vim_strnsize(lead_repl,
                                                               lead_repl_len);
                            int     old_size = 0;
                            char_u  *endp = p;
                            int     l;

                            while (old_size < repl_size && p > leader)
                            {
                                mb_ptr_back(leader, p);
                                old_size += ptr2cells(p);
                            }
                            l = lead_repl_len - (int)(endp - p);
                            if (l != 0)
                                mch_memmove(endp + l, endp,
                                        (size_t)((leader + lead_len) - endp));
                            lead_len += l;
                        }
#else
                        if (p < leader + lead_repl_len)
                            p = leader;
                        else
                            p -= lead_repl_len;
#endif
                        mch_memmove(p, lead_repl, (size_t)lead_repl_len);
                        if (p + lead_repl_len > leader + lead_len)
                            p[lead_repl_len] = NUL;

                        /* blank-out any other chars from the old leader. */
                        while (--p >= leader)
                        {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                            int l = mb_head_off(leader, p);

                            if (l > 1)
                            {
                                p -= l;
                                if (ptr2cells(p) > 1)
                                {
                                    p[1] = ' ';
                                    --l;
                                }
                                mch_memmove(p + 1, p + l + 1,
                                   (size_t)((leader + lead_len) - (p + l + 1)));
                                lead_len -= l;
                                *p = ' ';
                            }
                            else
#endif
                            if (!vim_iswhite(*p))
                                *p = ' ';
                        }
                    }
                    else                    /* left adjusted leader */
                    {
                        p = skipwhite(leader);
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                        /* Compute the length of the replaced characters in
                         * screen characters, not bytes. Move the part that is
                         * not to be overwritten. */
                        {
                            int     repl_size = vim_strnsize(lead_repl,
                                                               lead_repl_len);
                            int     i;
                            int     l;

                            for (i = 0; p[i] != NUL && i < lead_len; i += l)
                            {
                                l = (*mb_ptr2len)(p + i);
                                if (vim_strnsize(p, i + l) > repl_size)
                                    break;
                            }
                            if (i != lead_repl_len)
                            {
                                mch_memmove(p + lead_repl_len, p + i,
                                       (size_t)(lead_len - i - (leader - p)));
                                lead_len += lead_repl_len - i;
                            }
                        }
#endif
                        mch_memmove(p, lead_repl, (size_t)lead_repl_len);

                        /* Replace any remaining non-white chars in the old
                         * leader by spaces.  Keep Tabs, the indent must
                         * remain the same. */
                        for (p += lead_repl_len; p < leader + lead_len; ++p)
                            if (!vim_iswhite(*p))
                            {
                                /* Don't put a space before a TAB. */
                                if (p + 1 < leader + lead_len && p[1] == TAB)
                                {
                                    --lead_len;
                                    mch_memmove(p, p + 1,
                                                     (leader + lead_len) - p);
                                }
                                else
                                {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                                    int     l = (*mb_ptr2len)(p);

                                    if (l > 1)
                                    {
                                        if (ptr2cells(p) > 1)
                                        {
                                            /* Replace a double-wide char with
                                             * two spaces */
                                            --l;
                                            *p++ = ' ';
                                        }
                                        mch_memmove(p + 1, p + l,
                                                     (leader + lead_len) - p);
                                        lead_len -= l - 1;
                                    }
#endif
                                    *p = ' ';
                                }
                            }
                        *p = NUL;
                    }

                    /* Recompute the indent, it may have changed. */
                    if (curbuf->b_p_ai
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
                                        || do_si
#endif
                                                           )
                        newindent = get_indent_str(leader, (int)curbuf->b_p_ts);

                    /* Add the indent offset */
                    if (newindent + off < 0)
                    {
                        off = -newindent;
                        newindent = 0;
                    }
                    else
                        newindent += off;

                    /* Correct trailing spaces for the shift, so that
                     * alignment remains equal. */
                    while (off > 0 && lead_len > 0
                                               && leader[lead_len - 1] == ' ')
                    {
                        /* Don't do it when there is a tab before the space */
                        if (vim_strchr(skipwhite(leader), '\t') != NULL)
                            break;
                        --lead_len;
                        --off;
                    }

                    /* If the leader ends in white space, don't add an
                     * extra space */
                    if (lead_len > 0 && vim_iswhite(leader[lead_len - 1]))
                        extra_space = FALSE;
                    leader[lead_len] = NUL;
                }

                if (extra_space)
                {
                    leader[lead_len++] = ' ';
                    leader[lead_len] = NUL;
                }

                newcol = lead_len;

                /*
                 * if a new indent will be set below, remove the indent that
                 * is in the comment leader
                 */
                if (newindent
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
                                || did_si
#endif
                                           )
                {
                    while (lead_len && vim_iswhite(*leader))
                    {
                        --lead_len;
                        --newcol;
                        ++leader;
                    }
                }

            }
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
            did_si = can_si = FALSE;
#endif
        }
        else if (comment_end != NULL)
        {
            /*
             * We have finished a comment, so we don't use the leader.
             * If this was a C-comment and 'ai' or 'si' is set do a normal
             * indent to align with the line containing the start of the
             * comment.
             */
            if (comment_end[0] == '*' && comment_end[1] == '/' &&
                        (curbuf->b_p_ai
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
                                        || do_si
#endif
                                                           ))
            {
                old_cursor = curwin->w_cursor;
                curwin->w_cursor.col = (colnr_T)(comment_end - saved_line);
                if ((pos = findmatch(NULL, NUL)) != NULL)
                {
                    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = pos->lnum;
                    newindent = get_indent();
                }
                curwin->w_cursor = old_cursor;
            }
        }
    }
#endif

    /* (State == INSERT || State == REPLACE), only when dir == FORWARD */
    if (p_extra != NULL)
    {
        *p_extra = saved_char;          /* restore char that NUL replaced */

        /*
         * When 'ai' set or "flags" has OPENLINE_DELSPACES, skip to the first
         * non-blank.
         *
         * When in REPLACE mode, put the deleted blanks on the replace stack,
         * preceded by a NUL, so they can be put back when a BS is entered.
         */
        if (REPLACE_NORMAL(State))
            replace_push(NUL);      /* end of extra blanks */
        if (curbuf->b_p_ai || (flags & OPENLINE_DELSPACES))
        {
            while ((*p_extra == ' ' || *p_extra == '\t')
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                    && (!enc_utf8
                               || !utf_iscomposing(utf_ptr2char(p_extra + 1)))
#endif
                    )
            {
                if (REPLACE_NORMAL(State))
                    replace_push(*p_extra);
                ++p_extra;
                ++less_cols_off;
            }
        }
        if (*p_extra != NUL)
            did_ai = FALSE;         /* append some text, don't truncate now */

        /* columns for marks adjusted for removed columns */
        less_cols = (int)(p_extra - saved_line);
    }

    if (p_extra == NULL)
        p_extra = (char_u *)"";             /* append empty line */

#ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
    /* concatenate leader and p_extra, if there is a leader */
    if (lead_len)
    {
        STRCAT(leader, p_extra);
        p_extra = leader;
        did_ai = TRUE;      /* So truncating blanks works with comments */
        less_cols -= lead_len;
    }
    else
        end_comment_pending = NUL;  /* turns out there was no leader */
#endif

    old_cursor = curwin->w_cursor;
    if (dir == BACKWARD)
        --curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
#ifdef FEAT_VREPLACE
    if (!(State & VREPLACE_FLAG) || old_cursor.lnum >= orig_line_count)
#endif
    {
        if (ml_append(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, p_extra, (colnr_T)0, FALSE)
                                                                      == FAIL)
            goto theend;
        /* Postpone calling changed_lines(), because it would mess up folding
         * with markers. */
        mark_adjust(curwin->w_cursor.lnum + 1, (linenr_T)MAXLNUM, 1L, 0L);
        did_append = TRUE;
    }
#ifdef FEAT_VREPLACE
    else
    {
        /*
         * In VREPLACE mode we are starting to replace the next line.
         */
        curwin->w_cursor.lnum++;
        if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum >= Insstart.lnum + vr_lines_changed)
        {
            /* In case we NL to a new line, BS to the previous one, and NL
             * again, we don't want to save the new line for undo twice.
             */
            (void)u_save_cursor();                  /* errors are ignored! */
            vr_lines_changed++;
        }
        ml_replace(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, p_extra, TRUE);
        changed_bytes(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, 0);
        curwin->w_cursor.lnum--;
        did_append = FALSE;
    }
#endif

    if (newindent
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
                    || did_si
#endif
                                )
    {
        ++curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
        if (did_si)
        {
            if (p_sr)
                newindent -= newindent % (int)curbuf->b_p_sw;
            newindent += (int)curbuf->b_p_sw;
        }
#endif
        /* Copy the indent */
        if (curbuf->b_p_ci)
        {
            (void)copy_indent(newindent, saved_line);

            /*
             * Set the 'preserveindent' option so that any further screwing
             * with the line doesn't entirely destroy our efforts to preserve
             * it.  It gets restored at the function end.
             */
            curbuf->b_p_pi = TRUE;
        }
        else
            (void)set_indent(newindent, SIN_INSERT);
        less_cols -= curwin->w_cursor.col;

        ai_col = curwin->w_cursor.col;

        /*
         * In REPLACE mode, for each character in the new indent, there must
         * be a NUL on the replace stack, for when it is deleted with BS
         */
        if (REPLACE_NORMAL(State))
            for (n = 0; n < (int)curwin->w_cursor.col; ++n)
                replace_push(NUL);
        newcol += curwin->w_cursor.col;
#ifdef FEAT_SMARTINDENT
        if (no_si)
            did_si = FALSE;
#endif
    }

#ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
    /*
     * In REPLACE mode, for each character in the extra leader, there must be
     * a NUL on the replace stack, for when it is deleted with BS.
     */
    if (REPLACE_NORMAL(State))
        while (lead_len-- > 0)
            replace_push(NUL);
#endif

    curwin->w_cursor = old_cursor;

    if (dir == FORWARD)
    {
        if (trunc_line || (State & INSERT))
        {
            /* truncate current line at cursor */
            saved_line[curwin->w_cursor.col] = NUL;
            /* Remove trailing white space, unless OPENLINE_KEEPTRAIL used. */
            if (trunc_line && !(flags & OPENLINE_KEEPTRAIL))
                truncate_spaces(saved_line);
            ml_replace(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, saved_line, FALSE);
            saved_line = NULL;
            if (did_append)
            {
                changed_lines(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, curwin->w_cursor.col,
                                               curwin->w_cursor.lnum + 1, 1L);
                did_append = FALSE;

                /* Move marks after the line break to the new line. */
                if (flags & OPENLINE_MARKFIX)
                    mark_col_adjust(curwin->w_cursor.lnum,
                                         curwin->w_cursor.col + less_cols_off,
                                                        1L, (long)-less_cols);
            }
            else
                changed_bytes(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, curwin->w_cursor.col);
        }

        /*
         * Put the cursor on the new line.  Careful: the scrollup() above may
         * have moved w_cursor, we must use old_cursor.
         */
        curwin->w_cursor.lnum = old_cursor.lnum + 1;
    }
    if (did_append)
        changed_lines(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, 0, curwin->w_cursor.lnum, 1L);

    curwin->w_cursor.col = newcol;
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
    curwin->w_cursor.coladd = 0;
#endif

#if defined(FEAT_VREPLACE) && (defined(FEAT_LISP) || defined(FEAT_CINDENT))
    /*
     * In VREPLACE mode, we are handling the replace stack ourselves, so stop
     * fixthisline() from doing it (via change_indent()) by telling it we're in
     * normal INSERT mode.
     */
    if (State & VREPLACE_FLAG)
    {
        vreplace_mode = State;  /* So we know to put things right later */
        State = INSERT;
    }
    else
        vreplace_mode = 0;
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_LISP
    /*
     * May do lisp indenting.
     */
    if (!p_paste
# ifdef FEAT_COMMENTS
            && leader == NULL
# endif
            && curbuf->b_p_lisp
            && curbuf->b_p_ai)
    {
        fixthisline(get_lisp_indent);
        p = ml_get_curline();
        ai_col = (colnr_T)(skipwhite(p) - p);
    }
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_CINDENT
    /*
     * May do indenting after opening a new line.
     */
    if (!p_paste
            && (curbuf->b_p_cin
#  ifdef FEAT_EVAL
                    || *curbuf->b_p_inde != NUL
#  endif
                )
            && in_cinkeys(dir == FORWARD
                ? KEY_OPEN_FORW
                : KEY_OPEN_BACK, ' ', linewhite(curwin->w_cursor.lnum)))
    {
        do_c_expr_indent();
        p = ml_get_curline();
        ai_col = (colnr_T)(skipwhite(p) - p);
    }
#endif
#if defined(FEAT_VREPLACE) && (defined(FEAT_LISP) || defined(FEAT_CINDENT))
    if (vreplace_mode != 0)
        State = vreplace_mode;
#endif

#ifdef FEAT_VREPLACE
    /*
     * Finally, VREPLACE gets the stuff on the new line, then puts back the
     * original line, and inserts the new stuff char by char, pushing old stuff
     * onto the replace stack (via ins_char()).
     */
    if (State & VREPLACE_FLAG)
    {
        /* Put new line in p_extra */
        p_extra = vim_strsave(ml_get_curline());
        if (p_extra == NULL)
            goto theend;

        /* Put back original line */
        ml_replace(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, next_line, FALSE);

        /* Insert new stuff into line again */
        curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
        curwin->w_cursor.coladd = 0;
#endif
        ins_bytes(p_extra);     /* will call changed_bytes() */
        vim_free(p_extra);
        next_line = NULL;
    }
#endif

    retval = TRUE;              /* success! */
theend:
    curbuf->b_p_pi = saved_pi;
    vim_free(saved_line);
    vim_free(next_line);
    vim_free(allocated);
    return retval;
}

#if defined(FEAT_COMMENTS) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * get_leader_len() returns the length of the prefix of the given string
 * which introduces a comment.  If this string is not a comment then 0 is
 * returned.
 * When "flags" is not NULL, it is set to point to the flags of the recognized
 * comment leader.
 * "backward" must be true for the "O" command.
 */
    int
get_leader_len(line, flags, backward)
    char_u      *line;
    char_u      **flags;
    int         backward;
{
    int         i, j;
    int         got_com = FALSE;
    int         found_one;
    char_u      part_buf[COM_MAX_LEN];  /* buffer for one option part */
    char_u      *string;                /* pointer to comment string */
    char_u      *list;

    i = 0;
    while (vim_iswhite(line[i]))    /* leading white space is ignored */
        ++i;

    /*
     * Repeat to match several nested comment strings.
     */
    while (line[i])
    {
        /*
         * scan through the 'comments' option for a match
         */
        found_one = FALSE;
        for (list = curbuf->b_p_com; *list; )
        {
            /*
             * Get one option part into part_buf[].  Advance list to next one.
             * put string at start of string.
             */
            if (!got_com && flags != NULL)  /* remember where flags started */
                *flags = list;
            (void)copy_option_part(&list, part_buf, COM_MAX_LEN, ",");
            string = vim_strchr(part_buf, ':');
            if (string == NULL)     /* missing ':', ignore this part */
                continue;
            *string++ = NUL;        /* isolate flags from string */

            /*
             * When already found a nested comment, only accept further
             * nested comments.
             */
            if (got_com && vim_strchr(part_buf, COM_NEST) == NULL)
                continue;

            /* When 'O' flag used don't use for "O" command */
            if (backward && vim_strchr(part_buf, COM_NOBACK) != NULL)
                continue;

            /*
             * Line contents and string must match.
             * When string starts with white space, must have some white space
             * (but the amount does not need to match, there might be a mix of
             * TABs and spaces).
             */
            if (vim_iswhite(string[0]))
            {
                if (i == 0 || !vim_iswhite(line[i - 1]))
                    continue;
                while (vim_iswhite(string[0]))
                    ++string;
            }
            for (j = 0; string[j] != NUL && string[j] == line[i + j]; ++j)
                ;
            if (string[j] != NUL)
                continue;

            /*
             * When 'b' flag used, there must be white space or an
             * end-of-line after the string in the line.
             */
            if (vim_strchr(part_buf, COM_BLANK) != NULL
                           && !vim_iswhite(line[i + j]) && line[i + j] != NUL)
                continue;

            /*
             * We have found a match, stop searching.
             */
            i += j;
            got_com = TRUE;
            found_one = TRUE;
            break;
        }

        /*
         * No match found, stop scanning.
         */
        if (!found_one)
            break;

        /*
         * Include any trailing white space.
         */
        while (vim_iswhite(line[i]))
            ++i;

        /*
         * If this comment doesn't nest, stop here.
         */
        if (vim_strchr(part_buf, COM_NEST) == NULL)
            break;
    }
    return (got_com ? i : 0);
}
#endif

/*
 * Return the number of window lines occupied by buffer line "lnum".
 */
    int
plines(lnum)
    linenr_T    lnum;
{
    return plines_win(curwin, lnum, TRUE);
}

    int
plines_win(wp, lnum, winheight)
    win_T       *wp;
    linenr_T    lnum;
    int         winheight;      /* when TRUE limit to window height */
{
#if defined(FEAT_DIFF) || defined(PROTO)
    /* Check for filler lines above this buffer line.  When folded the result
     * is one line anyway. */
    return plines_win_nofill(wp, lnum, winheight) + diff_check_fill(wp, lnum);
}

    int
plines_nofill(lnum)
    linenr_T    lnum;
{
    return plines_win_nofill(curwin, lnum, TRUE);
}

    int
plines_win_nofill(wp, lnum, winheight)
    win_T       *wp;
    linenr_T    lnum;
    int         winheight;      /* when TRUE limit to window height */
{
#endif
    int         lines;

    if (!wp->w_p_wrap)
        return 1;

#ifdef FEAT_VERTSPLIT
    if (wp->w_width == 0)
        return 1;
#endif

#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
    /* A folded lines is handled just like an empty line. */
    /* NOTE: Caller must handle lines that are MAYBE folded. */
    if (lineFolded(wp, lnum) == TRUE)
        return 1;
#endif

    lines = plines_win_nofold(wp, lnum);
    if (winheight > 0 && lines > wp->w_height)
        return (int)wp->w_height;
    return lines;
}

/*
 * Return number of window lines physical line "lnum" will occupy in window
 * "wp".  Does not care about folding, 'wrap' or 'diff'.
 */
    int
plines_win_nofold(wp, lnum)
    win_T       *wp;
    linenr_T    lnum;
{
    char_u      *s;
    long        col;
    int         width;

    s = ml_get_buf(wp->w_buffer, lnum, FALSE);
    if (*s == NUL)              /* empty line */
        return 1;
    col = win_linetabsize(wp, s, (colnr_T)MAXCOL);

    /*
     * If list mode is on, then the '$' at the end of the line may take up one
     * extra column.
     */
    if (wp->w_p_list && lcs_eol != NUL)
        col += 1;

    /*
     * Add column offset for 'number' and 'foldcolumn'.
     */
    width = W_WIDTH(wp) - win_col_off(wp);
    if (width <= 0)
        return 32000;
    if (col <= width)
        return 1;
    col -= width;
    width += win_col_off2(wp);
    return (col + (width - 1)) / width + 1;
}

/*
 * Like plines_win(), but only reports the number of physical screen lines
 * used from the start of the line to the given column number.
 */
    int
plines_win_col(wp, lnum, column)
    win_T       *wp;
    linenr_T    lnum;
    long        column;
{
    long        col;
    char_u      *s;
    int         lines = 0;
    int         width;

#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
    /* Check for filler lines above this buffer line.  When folded the result
     * is one line anyway. */
    lines = diff_check_fill(wp, lnum);
#endif

    if (!wp->w_p_wrap)
        return lines + 1;

#ifdef FEAT_VERTSPLIT
    if (wp->w_width == 0)
        return lines + 1;
#endif

    s = ml_get_buf(wp->w_buffer, lnum, FALSE);

    col = 0;
    while (*s != NUL && --column >= 0)
    {
        col += win_lbr_chartabsize(wp, s, (colnr_T)col, NULL);
        mb_ptr_adv(s);
    }

    /*
     * If *s is a TAB, and the TAB is not displayed as ^I, and we're not in
     * INSERT mode, then col must be adjusted so that it represents the last
     * screen position of the TAB.  This only fixes an error when the TAB wraps
     * from one screen line to the next (when 'columns' is not a multiple of
     * 'ts') -- webb.
     */
    if (*s == TAB && (State & NORMAL) && (!wp->w_p_list || lcs_tab1))
        col += win_lbr_chartabsize(wp, s, (colnr_T)col, NULL) - 1;

    /*
     * Add column offset for 'number', 'foldcolumn', etc.
     */
    width = W_WIDTH(wp) - win_col_off(wp);
    if (width <= 0)
        return 9999;

    lines += 1;
    if (col > width)
        lines += (col - width) / (width + win_col_off2(wp)) + 1;
    return lines;
}

    int
plines_m_win(wp, first, last)
    win_T       *wp;
    linenr_T    first, last;
{
    int         count = 0;

    while (first <= last)
    {
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
        int     x;

        /* Check if there are any really folded lines, but also included lines
         * that are maybe folded. */
        x = foldedCount(wp, first, NULL);
        if (x > 0)
        {
            ++count;        /* count 1 for "+-- folded" line */
            first += x;
        }
        else
#endif
        {
#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
            if (first == wp->w_topline)
                count += plines_win_nofill(wp, first, TRUE) + wp->w_topfill;
            else
#endif
                count += plines_win(wp, first, TRUE);
            ++first;
        }
    }
    return (count);
}

#if defined(FEAT_VREPLACE) || defined(FEAT_INS_EXPAND) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Insert string "p" at the cursor position.  Stops at a NUL byte.
 * Handles Replace mode and multi-byte characters.
 */
    void
ins_bytes(p)
    char_u      *p;
{
    ins_bytes_len(p, (int)STRLEN(p));
}
#endif

#if defined(FEAT_VREPLACE) || defined(FEAT_INS_EXPAND) \
        || defined(FEAT_COMMENTS) || defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Insert string "p" with length "len" at the cursor position.
 * Handles Replace mode and multi-byte characters.
 */
    void
ins_bytes_len(p, len)
    char_u      *p;
    int         len;
{
    int         i;
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    int         n;

    if (has_mbyte)
        for (i = 0; i < len; i += n)
        {
            if (enc_utf8)
                /* avoid reading past p[len] */
                n = utfc_ptr2len_len(p + i, len - i);
            else
                n = (*mb_ptr2len)(p + i);
            ins_char_bytes(p + i, n);
        }
    else
# endif
        for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
            ins_char(p[i]);
}
#endif

/*
 * Insert or replace a single character at the cursor position.
 * When in REPLACE or VREPLACE mode, replace any existing character.
 * Caller must have prepared for undo.
 * For multi-byte characters we get the whole character, the caller must
 * convert bytes to a character.
 */
    void
ins_char(c)
    int         c;
{
#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(PROTO)
    char_u      buf[MB_MAXBYTES];
    int         n;

    n = (*mb_char2bytes)(c, buf);

    /* When "c" is 0x100, 0x200, etc. we don't want to insert a NUL byte.
     * Happens for CTRL-Vu9900. */
    if (buf[0] == 0)
        buf[0] = '\n';

    ins_char_bytes(buf, n);
}

    void
ins_char_bytes(buf, charlen)
    char_u      *buf;
    int         charlen;
{
    int         c = buf[0];
#endif
    int         newlen;         /* nr of bytes inserted */
    int         oldlen;         /* nr of bytes deleted (0 when not replacing) */
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *newp;
    char_u      *oldp;
    int         linelen;        /* length of old line including NUL */
    colnr_T     col;
    linenr_T    lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
    int         i;

#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
    /* Break tabs if needed. */
    if (virtual_active() && curwin->w_cursor.coladd > 0)
        coladvance_force(getviscol());
#endif

    col = curwin->w_cursor.col;
    oldp = ml_get(lnum);
    linelen = (int)STRLEN(oldp) + 1;

    /* The lengths default to the values for when not replacing. */
    oldlen = 0;
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    newlen = charlen;
#else
    newlen = 1;
#endif

    if (State & REPLACE_FLAG)
    {
#ifdef FEAT_VREPLACE
        if (State & VREPLACE_FLAG)
        {
            colnr_T     new_vcol = 0;   /* init for GCC */
            colnr_T     vcol;
            int         old_list;
#ifndef FEAT_MBYTE
            char_u      buf[2];
#endif

            /*
             * Disable 'list' temporarily, unless 'cpo' contains the 'L' flag.
             * Returns the old value of list, so when finished,
             * curwin->w_p_list should be set back to this.
             */
            old_list = curwin->w_p_list;
            if (old_list && vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_LISTWM) == NULL)
                curwin->w_p_list = FALSE;

            /*
             * In virtual replace mode each character may replace one or more
             * characters (zero if it's a TAB).  Count the number of bytes to
             * be deleted to make room for the new character, counting screen
             * cells.  May result in adding spaces to fill a gap.
             */
            getvcol(curwin, &curwin->w_cursor, NULL, &vcol, NULL);
#ifndef FEAT_MBYTE
            buf[0] = c;
            buf[1] = NUL;
#endif
            new_vcol = vcol + chartabsize(buf, vcol);
            while (oldp[col + oldlen] != NUL && vcol < new_vcol)
            {
                vcol += chartabsize(oldp + col + oldlen, vcol);
                /* Don't need to remove a TAB that takes us to the right
                 * position. */
                if (vcol > new_vcol && oldp[col + oldlen] == TAB)
                    break;
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
                oldlen += (*mb_ptr2len)(oldp + col + oldlen);
#else
                ++oldlen;
#endif
                /* Deleted a bit too much, insert spaces. */
                if (vcol > new_vcol)
                    newlen += vcol - new_vcol;
            }
            curwin->w_p_list = old_list;
        }
        else
#endif
            if (oldp[col] != NUL)
        {
            /* normal replace */
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
            oldlen = (*mb_ptr2len)(oldp + col);
#else
            oldlen = 1;
#endif
        }


        /* Push the replaced bytes onto the replace stack, so that they can be
         * put back when BS is used.  The bytes of a multi-byte character are
         * done the other way around, so that the first byte is popped off
         * first (it tells the byte length of the character). */
        replace_push(NUL);
        for (i = 0; i < oldlen; ++i)
        {
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
            if (has_mbyte)
                i += replace_push_mb(oldp + col + i) - 1;
            else
#endif
                replace_push(oldp[col + i]);
        }
    }

    newp = alloc_check((unsigned)(linelen + newlen - oldlen));
    if (newp == NULL)
        return;

    /* Copy bytes before the cursor. */
    if (col > 0)
        mch_memmove(newp, oldp, (size_t)col);

    /* Copy bytes after the changed character(s). */
    p = newp + col;
    mch_memmove(p + newlen, oldp + col + oldlen,
                                            (size_t)(linelen - col - oldlen));

    /* Insert or overwrite the new character. */
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    mch_memmove(p, buf, charlen);
    i = charlen;
#else
    *p = c;
    i = 1;
#endif

    /* Fill with spaces when necessary. */
    while (i < newlen)
        p[i++] = ' ';

    /* Replace the line in the buffer. */
    ml_replace(lnum, newp, FALSE);

    /* mark the buffer as changed and prepare for displaying */
    changed_bytes(lnum, col);

    /*
     * If we're in Insert or Replace mode and 'showmatch' is set, then briefly
     * show the match for right parens and braces.
     */
    if (p_sm && (State & INSERT)
            && msg_silent == 0
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
            && charlen == 1
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_INS_EXPAND
            && !ins_compl_active()
#endif
       )
        showmatch(c);

#ifdef FEAT_RIGHTLEFT
    if (!p_ri || (State & REPLACE_FLAG))
#endif
    {
        /* Normal insert: move cursor right */
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        curwin->w_cursor.col += charlen;
#else
        ++curwin->w_cursor.col;
#endif
    }
    /*
     * TODO: should try to update w_row here, to avoid recomputing it later.
     */
}

/*
 * Insert a string at the cursor position.
 * Note: Does NOT handle Replace mode.
 * Caller must have prepared for undo.
 */
    void
ins_str(s)
    char_u      *s;
{
    char_u      *oldp, *newp;
    int         newlen = (int)STRLEN(s);
    int         oldlen;
    colnr_T     col;
    linenr_T    lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;

#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
    if (virtual_active() && curwin->w_cursor.coladd > 0)
        coladvance_force(getviscol());
#endif

    col = curwin->w_cursor.col;
    oldp = ml_get(lnum);
    oldlen = (int)STRLEN(oldp);

    newp = alloc_check((unsigned)(oldlen + newlen + 1));
    if (newp == NULL)
        return;
    if (col > 0)
        mch_memmove(newp, oldp, (size_t)col);
    mch_memmove(newp + col, s, (size_t)newlen);
    mch_memmove(newp + col + newlen, oldp + col, (size_t)(oldlen - col + 1));
    ml_replace(lnum, newp, FALSE);
    changed_bytes(lnum, col);
    curwin->w_cursor.col += newlen;
}

/*
 * Delete one character under the cursor.
 * If "fixpos" is TRUE, don't leave the cursor on the NUL after the line.
 * Caller must have prepared for undo.
 *
 * return FAIL for failure, OK otherwise
 */
    int
del_char(fixpos)
    int         fixpos;
{
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    if (has_mbyte)
    {
        /* Make sure the cursor is at the start of a character. */
        mb_adjust_cursor();
        if (*ml_get_cursor() == NUL)
            return FAIL;
        return del_chars(1L, fixpos);
    }
#endif
    return del_bytes(1L, fixpos, TRUE);
}

#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Like del_bytes(), but delete characters instead of bytes.
 */
    int
del_chars(count, fixpos)
    long        count;
    int         fixpos;
{
    long        bytes = 0;
    long        i;
    char_u      *p;
    int         l;

    p = ml_get_cursor();
    for (i = 0; i < count && *p != NUL; ++i)
    {
        l = (*mb_ptr2len)(p);
        bytes += l;
        p += l;
    }
    return del_bytes(bytes, fixpos, TRUE);
}
#endif

/*
 * Delete "count" bytes under the cursor.
 * If "fixpos" is TRUE, don't leave the cursor on the NUL after the line.
 * Caller must have prepared for undo.
 *
 * return FAIL for failure, OK otherwise
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    int
del_bytes(count, fixpos_arg, use_delcombine)
    long        count;
    int         fixpos_arg;
    int         use_delcombine;     /* 'delcombine' option applies */
{
    char_u      *oldp, *newp;
    colnr_T     oldlen;
    linenr_T    lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
    colnr_T     col = curwin->w_cursor.col;
    int         was_alloced;
    long        movelen;
    int         fixpos = fixpos_arg;

    oldp = ml_get(lnum);
    oldlen = (int)STRLEN(oldp);

    /*
     * Can't do anything when the cursor is on the NUL after the line.
     */
    if (col >= oldlen)
        return FAIL;

#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    /* If 'delcombine' is set and deleting (less than) one character, only
     * delete the last combining character. */
    if (p_deco && use_delcombine && enc_utf8
                                         && utfc_ptr2len(oldp + col) >= count)
    {
        int     cc[MAX_MCO];
        int     n;

        (void)utfc_ptr2char(oldp + col, cc);
        if (cc[0] != NUL)
        {
            /* Find the last composing char, there can be several. */
            n = col;
            do
            {
                col = n;
                count = utf_ptr2len(oldp + n);
                n += count;
            } while (UTF_COMPOSINGLIKE(oldp + col, oldp + n));
            fixpos = 0;
        }
    }
#endif

    /*
     * When count is too big, reduce it.
     */
    movelen = (long)oldlen - (long)col - count + 1; /* includes trailing NUL */
    if (movelen <= 1)
    {
        /*
         * If we just took off the last character of a non-blank line, and
         * fixpos is TRUE, we don't want to end up positioned at the NUL,
         * unless "restart_edit" is set or 'virtualedit' contains "onemore".
         */
        if (col > 0 && fixpos && restart_edit == 0
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
                                              && (ve_flags & VE_ONEMORE) == 0
#endif
                                              )
        {
            --curwin->w_cursor.col;
#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
            curwin->w_cursor.coladd = 0;
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
            if (has_mbyte)
                curwin->w_cursor.col -=
                            (*mb_head_off)(oldp, oldp + curwin->w_cursor.col);
#endif
        }
        count = oldlen - col;
        movelen = 1;
    }

    /*
     * If the old line has been allocated the deletion can be done in the
     * existing line. Otherwise a new line has to be allocated
     * Can't do this when using Netbeans, because we would need to invoke
     * netbeans_removed(), which deallocates the line.  Let ml_replace() take
     * care of notifiying Netbeans.
     */
#ifdef FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG
    if (usingNetbeans)
        was_alloced = FALSE;
    else
#endif
        was_alloced = ml_line_alloced();    /* check if oldp was allocated */
    if (was_alloced)
        newp = oldp;                        /* use same allocated memory */
    else
    {                                       /* need to allocate a new line */
        newp = alloc((unsigned)(oldlen + 1 - count));
        if (newp == NULL)
            return FAIL;
        mch_memmove(newp, oldp, (size_t)col);
    }
    mch_memmove(newp + col, oldp + col + count, (size_t)movelen);
    if (!was_alloced)
        ml_replace(lnum, newp, FALSE);

    /* mark the buffer as changed and prepare for displaying */
    changed_bytes(lnum, curwin->w_cursor.col);

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Delete from cursor to end of line.
 * Caller must have prepared for undo.
 *
 * return FAIL for failure, OK otherwise
 */
    int
truncate_line(fixpos)
    int         fixpos;     /* if TRUE fix the cursor position when done */
{
    char_u      *newp;
    linenr_T    lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
    colnr_T     col = curwin->w_cursor.col;

    if (col == 0)
        newp = vim_strsave((char_u *)"");
    else
        newp = vim_strnsave(ml_get(lnum), col);

    if (newp == NULL)
        return FAIL;

    ml_replace(lnum, newp, FALSE);

    /* mark the buffer as changed and prepare for displaying */
    changed_bytes(lnum, curwin->w_cursor.col);

    /*
     * If "fixpos" is TRUE we don't want to end up positioned at the NUL.
     */
    if (fixpos && curwin->w_cursor.col > 0)
        --curwin->w_cursor.col;

    return OK;
}

/*
 * Delete "nlines" lines at the cursor.
 * Saves the lines for undo first if "undo" is TRUE.
 */
    void
del_lines(nlines, undo)
    long        nlines;         /* number of lines to delete */
    int         undo;           /* if TRUE, prepare for undo */
{
    long        n;

    if (nlines <= 0)
        return;

    /* save the deleted lines for undo */
    if (undo && u_savedel(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, nlines) == FAIL)
        return;

    for (n = 0; n < nlines; )
    {
        if (curbuf->b_ml.ml_flags & ML_EMPTY)       /* nothing to delete */
            break;

        ml_delete(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, TRUE);
        ++n;

        /* If we delete the last line in the file, stop */
        if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
            break;
    }
    /* adjust marks, mark the buffer as changed and prepare for displaying */
    deleted_lines_mark(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, n);

    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
    check_cursor_lnum();
}

    int
gchar_pos(pos)
    pos_T *pos;
{
    char_u      *ptr = ml_get_pos(pos);

#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    if (has_mbyte)
        return (*mb_ptr2char)(ptr);
#endif
    return (int)*ptr;
}

    int
gchar_cursor()
{
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    if (has_mbyte)
        return (*mb_ptr2char)(ml_get_cursor());
#endif
    return (int)*ml_get_cursor();
}

/*
 * Write a character at the current cursor position.
 * It is directly written into the block.
 */
    void
pchar_cursor(c)
    int c;
{
    *(ml_get_buf(curbuf, curwin->w_cursor.lnum, TRUE)
                                                  + curwin->w_cursor.col) = c;
}

#if 0 /* not used */
/*
 * Put *pos at end of current buffer
 */
    void
goto_endofbuf(pos)
    pos_T    *pos;
{
    char_u  *p;

    pos->lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
    pos->col = 0;
    p = ml_get(pos->lnum);
    while (*p++)
        ++pos->col;
}
#endif

/*
 * When extra == 0: Return TRUE if the cursor is before or on the first
 *                  non-blank in the line.
 * When extra == 1: Return TRUE if the cursor is before the first non-blank in
 *                  the line.
 */
    int
inindent(extra)
    int     extra;
{
    char_u      *ptr;
    colnr_T     col;

    for (col = 0, ptr = ml_get_curline(); vim_iswhite(*ptr); ++col)
        ++ptr;
    if (col >= curwin->w_cursor.col + extra)
        return TRUE;
    else
        return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Skip to next part of an option argument: Skip space and comma.
 */
    char_u *
skip_to_option_part(p)
    char_u  *p;
{
    if (*p == ',')
        ++p;
    while (*p == ' ')
        ++p;
    return p;
}

/*
 * changed() is called when something in the current buffer is changed.
 *
 * Most often called through changed_bytes() and changed_lines(), which also
 * mark the area of the display to be redrawn.
 */
    void
changed()
{
#if defined(FEAT_XIM) && defined(FEAT_GUI_GTK)
    /* The text of the preediting area is inserted, but this doesn't
     * mean a change of the buffer yet.  That is delayed until the
     * text is committed. (this means preedit becomes empty) */
    if (im_is_preediting() && !xim_changed_while_preediting)
        return;
    xim_changed_while_preediting = FALSE;
#endif

    if (!curbuf->b_changed)
    {
        int     save_msg_scroll = msg_scroll;

        /* Give a warning about changing a read-only file.  This may also
         * check-out the file, thus change "curbuf"! */
        change_warning(0);

        /* Create a swap file if that is wanted.
         * Don't do this for "nofile" and "nowrite" buffer types. */
        if (curbuf->b_may_swap
#ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
                && !bt_dontwrite(curbuf)
#endif
                )
        {
            ml_open_file(curbuf);

            /* The ml_open_file() can cause an ATTENTION message.
             * Wait two seconds, to make sure the user reads this unexpected
             * message.  Since we could be anywhere, call wait_return() now,
             * and don't let the emsg() set msg_scroll. */
            if (need_wait_return && emsg_silent == 0)
            {
                out_flush();
                ui_delay(2000L, TRUE);
                wait_return(TRUE);
                msg_scroll = save_msg_scroll;
            }
        }
        curbuf->b_changed = TRUE;
        ml_setflags(curbuf);
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
        check_status(curbuf);
        redraw_tabline = TRUE;
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TITLE
        need_maketitle = TRUE;      /* set window title later */
#endif
    }
    ++curbuf->b_changedtick;
}

static void changedOneline __ARGS((buf_T *buf, linenr_T lnum));
static void changed_lines_buf __ARGS((buf_T *buf, linenr_T lnum, linenr_T lnume, long xtra));
static void changed_common __ARGS((linenr_T lnum, colnr_T col, linenr_T lnume, long xtra));

/*
 * Changed bytes within a single line for the current buffer.
 * - marks the windows on this buffer to be redisplayed
 * - marks the buffer changed by calling changed()
 * - invalidates cached values
 */
    void
changed_bytes(lnum, col)
    linenr_T    lnum;
    colnr_T     col;
{
    changedOneline(curbuf, lnum);
    changed_common(lnum, col, lnum + 1, 0L);

#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
    /* Diff highlighting in other diff windows may need to be updated too. */
    if (curwin->w_p_diff)
    {
        win_T       *wp;
        linenr_T    wlnum;

        for (wp = firstwin; wp != NULL; wp = wp->w_next)
            if (wp->w_p_diff && wp != curwin)
            {
                redraw_win_later(wp, VALID);
                wlnum = diff_lnum_win(lnum, wp);
                if (wlnum > 0)
                    changedOneline(wp->w_buffer, wlnum);
            }
    }
#endif
}

    static void
changedOneline(buf, lnum)
    buf_T       *buf;
    linenr_T    lnum;
{
    if (buf->b_mod_set)
    {
        /* find the maximum area that must be redisplayed */
        if (lnum < buf->b_mod_top)
            buf->b_mod_top = lnum;
        else if (lnum >= buf->b_mod_bot)
            buf->b_mod_bot = lnum + 1;
    }
    else
    {
        /* set the area that must be redisplayed to one line */
        buf->b_mod_set = TRUE;
        buf->b_mod_top = lnum;
        buf->b_mod_bot = lnum + 1;
        buf->b_mod_xlines = 0;
    }
}

/*
 * Appended "count" lines below line "lnum" in the current buffer.
 * Must be called AFTER the change and after mark_adjust().
 * Takes care of marking the buffer to be redrawn and sets the changed flag.
 */
    void
appended_lines(lnum, count)
    linenr_T    lnum;
    long        count;
{
    changed_lines(lnum + 1, 0, lnum + 1, count);
}

/*
 * Like appended_lines(), but adjust marks first.
 */
    void
appended_lines_mark(lnum, count)
    linenr_T    lnum;
    long        count;
{
    mark_adjust(lnum + 1, (linenr_T)MAXLNUM, count, 0L);
    changed_lines(lnum + 1, 0, lnum + 1, count);
}

/*
 * Deleted "count" lines at line "lnum" in the current buffer.
 * Must be called AFTER the change and after mark_adjust().
 * Takes care of marking the buffer to be redrawn and sets the changed flag.
 */
    void
deleted_lines(lnum, count)
    linenr_T    lnum;
    long        count;
{
    changed_lines(lnum, 0, lnum + count, -count);
}

/*
 * Like deleted_lines(), but adjust marks first.
 */
    void
deleted_lines_mark(lnum, count)
    linenr_T    lnum;
    long        count;
{
    mark_adjust(lnum, (linenr_T)(lnum + count - 1), (long)MAXLNUM, -count);
    changed_lines(lnum, 0, lnum + count, -count);
}

/*
 * Changed lines for the current buffer.
 * Must be called AFTER the change and after mark_adjust().
 * - mark the buffer changed by calling changed()
 * - mark the windows on this buffer to be redisplayed
 * - invalidate cached values
 * "lnum" is the first line that needs displaying, "lnume" the first line
 * below the changed lines (BEFORE the change).
 * When only inserting lines, "lnum" and "lnume" are equal.
 * Takes care of calling changed() and updating b_mod_*.
 */
    void
changed_lines(lnum, col, lnume, xtra)
    linenr_T    lnum;       /* first line with change */
    colnr_T     col;        /* column in first line with change */
    linenr_T    lnume;      /* line below last changed line */
    long        xtra;       /* number of extra lines (negative when deleting) */
{
    changed_lines_buf(curbuf, lnum, lnume, xtra);

#ifdef FEAT_DIFF
    if (xtra == 0 && curwin->w_p_diff)
    {
        /* When the number of lines doesn't change then mark_adjust() isn't
         * called and other diff buffers still need to be marked for
         * displaying. */
        win_T       *wp;
        linenr_T    wlnum;

        for (wp = firstwin; wp != NULL; wp = wp->w_next)
            if (wp->w_p_diff && wp != curwin)
            {
                redraw_win_later(wp, VALID);
                wlnum = diff_lnum_win(lnum, wp);
                if (wlnum > 0)
                    changed_lines_buf(wp->w_buffer, wlnum,
                                                    lnume - lnum + wlnum, 0L);
            }
    }
#endif

    changed_common(lnum, col, lnume, xtra);
}

    static void
changed_lines_buf(buf, lnum, lnume, xtra)
    buf_T       *buf;
    linenr_T    lnum;       /* first line with change */
    linenr_T    lnume;      /* line below last changed line */
    long        xtra;       /* number of extra lines (negative when deleting) */
{
    if (buf->b_mod_set)
    {
        /* find the maximum area that must be redisplayed */
        if (lnum < buf->b_mod_top)
            buf->b_mod_top = lnum;
        if (lnum < buf->b_mod_bot)
        {
            /* adjust old bot position for xtra lines */
            buf->b_mod_bot += xtra;
            if (buf->b_mod_bot < lnum)
                buf->b_mod_bot = lnum;
        }
        if (lnume + xtra > buf->b_mod_bot)
            buf->b_mod_bot = lnume + xtra;
        buf->b_mod_xlines += xtra;
    }
    else
    {
        /* set the area that must be redisplayed */
        buf->b_mod_set = TRUE;
        buf->b_mod_top = lnum;
        buf->b_mod_bot = lnume + xtra;
        buf->b_mod_xlines = xtra;
    }
}

    static void
changed_common(lnum, col, lnume, xtra)
    linenr_T    lnum;
    colnr_T     col;
    linenr_T    lnume;
    long        xtra;
{
    win_T       *wp;
    int         i;
#ifdef FEAT_JUMPLIST
    int         cols;
    pos_T       *p;
    int         add;
#endif

    /* mark the buffer as modified */
    changed();

    /* set the '. mark */
    if (!cmdmod.keepjumps)
    {
        curbuf->b_last_change.lnum = lnum;
        curbuf->b_last_change.col = col;

#ifdef FEAT_JUMPLIST
        /* Create a new entry if a new undo-able change was started or we
         * don't have an entry yet. */
        if (curbuf->b_new_change || curbuf->b_changelistlen == 0)
        {
            if (curbuf->b_changelistlen == 0)
                add = TRUE;
            else
            {
                /* Don't create a new entry when the line number is the same
                 * as the last one and the column is not too far away.  Avoids
                 * creating many entries for typing "xxxxx". */
                p = &curbuf->b_changelist[curbuf->b_changelistlen - 1];
                if (p->lnum != lnum)
                    add = TRUE;
                else
                {
                    cols = comp_textwidth(FALSE);
                    if (cols == 0)
                        cols = 79;
                    add = (p->col + cols < col || col + cols < p->col);
                }
            }
            if (add)
            {
                /* This is the first of a new sequence of undo-able changes
                 * and it's at some distance of the last change.  Use a new
                 * position in the changelist. */
                curbuf->b_new_change = FALSE;

                if (curbuf->b_changelistlen == JUMPLISTSIZE)
                {
                    /* changelist is full: remove oldest entry */
                    curbuf->b_changelistlen = JUMPLISTSIZE - 1;
                    mch_memmove(curbuf->b_changelist, curbuf->b_changelist + 1,
                                          sizeof(pos_T) * (JUMPLISTSIZE - 1));
                    FOR_ALL_WINDOWS(wp)
                    {
                        /* Correct position in changelist for other windows on
                         * this buffer. */
                        if (wp->w_buffer == curbuf && wp->w_changelistidx > 0)
                            --wp->w_changelistidx;
                    }
                }
                FOR_ALL_WINDOWS(wp)
                {
                    /* For other windows, if the position in the changelist is
                     * at the end it stays at the end. */
                    if (wp->w_buffer == curbuf
                            && wp->w_changelistidx == curbuf->b_changelistlen)
                        ++wp->w_changelistidx;
                }
                ++curbuf->b_changelistlen;
            }
        }
        curbuf->b_changelist[curbuf->b_changelistlen - 1] =
                                                        curbuf->b_last_change;
        /* The current window is always after the last change, so that "g,"
         * takes you back to it. */
        curwin->w_changelistidx = curbuf->b_changelistlen;
#endif
    }

    FOR_ALL_WINDOWS(wp)
    {
        if (wp->w_buffer == curbuf)
        {
            /* Mark this window to be redrawn later. */
            if (wp->w_redr_type < VALID)
                wp->w_redr_type = VALID;

            /* Check if a change in the buffer has invalidated the cached
             * values for the cursor. */
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
            /*
             * Update the folds for this window.  Can't postpone this, because
             * a following operator might work on the whole fold: ">>dd".
             */
            foldUpdate(wp, lnum, lnume + xtra - 1);

            /* The change may cause lines above or below the change to become
             * included in a fold.  Set lnum/lnume to the first/last line that
             * might be displayed differently.
             * Set w_cline_folded here as an efficient way to update it when
             * inserting lines just above a closed fold. */
            i = hasFoldingWin(wp, lnum, &lnum, NULL, FALSE, NULL);
            if (wp->w_cursor.lnum == lnum)
                wp->w_cline_folded = i;
            i = hasFoldingWin(wp, lnume, NULL, &lnume, FALSE, NULL);
            if (wp->w_cursor.lnum == lnume)
                wp->w_cline_folded = i;

            /* If the changed line is in a range of previously folded lines,
             * compare with the first line in that range. */
            if (wp->w_cursor.lnum <= lnum)
            {
                i = find_wl_entry(wp, lnum);
                if (i >= 0 && wp->w_cursor.lnum > wp->w_lines[i].wl_lnum)
                    changed_line_abv_curs_win(wp);
            }
#endif

            if (wp->w_cursor.lnum > lnum)
                changed_line_abv_curs_win(wp);
            else if (wp->w_cursor.lnum == lnum && wp->w_cursor.col >= col)
                changed_cline_bef_curs_win(wp);
            if (wp->w_botline >= lnum)
            {
                /* Assume that botline doesn't change (inserted lines make
                 * other lines scroll down below botline). */
                approximate_botline_win(wp);
            }

            /* Check if any w_lines[] entries have become invalid.
             * For entries below the change: Correct the lnums for
             * inserted/deleted lines.  Makes it possible to stop displaying
             * after the change. */
            for (i = 0; i < wp->w_lines_valid; ++i)
                if (wp->w_lines[i].wl_valid)
                {
                    if (wp->w_lines[i].wl_lnum >= lnum)
                    {
                        if (wp->w_lines[i].wl_lnum < lnume)
                        {
                            /* line included in change */
                            wp->w_lines[i].wl_valid = FALSE;
                        }
                        else if (xtra != 0)
                        {
                            /* line below change */
                            wp->w_lines[i].wl_lnum += xtra;
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
                            wp->w_lines[i].wl_lastlnum += xtra;
#endif
                        }
                    }
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
                    else if (wp->w_lines[i].wl_lastlnum >= lnum)
                    {
                        /* change somewhere inside this range of folded lines,
                         * may need to be redrawn */
                        wp->w_lines[i].wl_valid = FALSE;
                    }
#endif
                }
        }
    }

    /* Call update_screen() later, which checks out what needs to be redrawn,
     * since it notices b_mod_set and then uses b_mod_*. */
    if (must_redraw < VALID)
        must_redraw = VALID;

#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
    /* when the cursor line is changed always trigger CursorMoved */
    if (lnum <= curwin->w_cursor.lnum
                 && lnume + (xtra < 0 ? -xtra : xtra) > curwin->w_cursor.lnum)
        last_cursormoved.lnum = 0;
#endif
}

/*
 * unchanged() is called when the changed flag must be reset for buffer 'buf'
 */
    void
unchanged(buf, ff)
    buf_T       *buf;
    int         ff;     /* also reset 'fileformat' */
{
    if (buf->b_changed || (ff && file_ff_differs(buf)))
    {
        buf->b_changed = 0;
        ml_setflags(buf);
        if (ff)
            save_file_ff(buf);
#ifdef FEAT_WINDOWS
        check_status(buf);
        redraw_tabline = TRUE;
#endif
#ifdef FEAT_TITLE
        need_maketitle = TRUE;      /* set window title later */
#endif
    }
    ++buf->b_changedtick;
#ifdef FEAT_NETBEANS_INTG
    netbeans_unmodified(buf);
#endif
}

#if defined(FEAT_WINDOWS) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * check_status: called when the status bars for the buffer 'buf'
 *               need to be updated
 */
    void
check_status(buf)
    buf_T       *buf;
{
    win_T       *wp;

    for (wp = firstwin; wp != NULL; wp = wp->w_next)
        if (wp->w_buffer == buf && wp->w_status_height)
        {
            wp->w_redr_status = TRUE;
            if (must_redraw < VALID)
                must_redraw = VALID;
        }
}
#endif

/*
 * If the file is readonly, give a warning message with the first change.
 * Don't do this for autocommands.
 * Don't use emsg(), because it flushes the macro buffer.
 * If we have undone all changes b_changed will be FALSE, but "b_did_warn"
 * will be TRUE.
 */
    void
change_warning(col)
    int     col;                /* column for message; non-zero when in insert
                                   mode and 'showmode' is on */
{
    if (curbuf->b_did_warn == FALSE
            && curbufIsChanged() == 0
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
            && !autocmd_busy
#endif
            && curbuf->b_p_ro)
    {
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
        ++curbuf_lock;
        apply_autocmds(EVENT_FILECHANGEDRO, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
        --curbuf_lock;
        if (!curbuf->b_p_ro)
            return;
#endif
        /*
         * Do what msg() does, but with a column offset if the warning should
         * be after the mode message.
         */
        msg_start();
        if (msg_row == Rows - 1)
            msg_col = col;
        msg_source(hl_attr(HLF_W));
        MSG_PUTS_ATTR(_("W10: Warning: Changing a readonly file"),
                                                   hl_attr(HLF_W) | MSG_HIST);
        msg_clr_eos();
        (void)msg_end();
        if (msg_silent == 0 && !silent_mode)
        {
            out_flush();
            ui_delay(1000L, TRUE); /* give the user time to think about it */
        }
        curbuf->b_did_warn = TRUE;
        redraw_cmdline = FALSE; /* don't redraw and erase the message */
        if (msg_row < Rows - 1)
            showmode();
    }
}

/*
 * Ask for a reply from the user, a 'y' or a 'n'.
 * No other characters are accepted, the message is repeated until a valid
 * reply is entered or CTRL-C is hit.
 * If direct is TRUE, don't use vgetc() but ui_inchar(), don't get characters
 * from any buffers but directly from the user.
 *
 * return the 'y' or 'n'
 */
    int
ask_yesno(str, direct)
    char_u  *str;
    int     direct;
{
    int     r = ' ';
    int     save_State = State;

    if (exiting)                /* put terminal in raw mode for this question */
        settmode(TMODE_RAW);
    ++no_wait_return;
#ifdef USE_ON_FLY_SCROLL
    dont_scroll = TRUE;         /* disallow scrolling here */
#endif
    State = CONFIRM;            /* mouse behaves like with :confirm */
#ifdef FEAT_MOUSE
    setmouse();                 /* disables mouse for xterm */
#endif
    ++no_mapping;
    ++allow_keys;               /* no mapping here, but recognize keys */

    while (r != 'y' && r != 'n')
    {
        /* same highlighting as for wait_return */
        smsg_attr(hl_attr(HLF_R), (char_u *)"%s (y/n)?", str);
        if (direct)
            r = get_keystroke();
        else
            r = plain_vgetc();
        if (r == Ctrl_C || r == ESC)
            r = 'n';
        msg_putchar(r);     /* show what you typed */
        out_flush();
    }
    --no_wait_return;
    State = save_State;
#ifdef FEAT_MOUSE
    setmouse();
#endif
    --no_mapping;
    --allow_keys;

    return r;
}

/*
 * Get a key stroke directly from the user.
 * Ignores mouse clicks and scrollbar events, except a click for the left
 * button (used at the more prompt).
 * Doesn't use vgetc(), because it syncs undo and eats mapped characters.
 * Disadvantage: typeahead is ignored.
 * Translates the interrupt character for unix to ESC.
 */
    int
get_keystroke()
{
#define CBUFLEN 151
    char_u      buf[CBUFLEN];
    int         len = 0;
    int         n;
    int         save_mapped_ctrl_c = mapped_ctrl_c;
    int         waited = 0;

    mapped_ctrl_c = FALSE;      /* mappings are not used here */
    for (;;)
    {
        cursor_on();
        out_flush();

        /* First time: blocking wait.  Second time: wait up to 100ms for a
         * terminal code to complete.  Leave some room for check_termcode() to
         * insert a key code into (max 5 chars plus NUL).  And
         * fix_input_buffer() can triple the number of bytes. */
        n = ui_inchar(buf + len, (CBUFLEN - 6 - len) / 3,
                                                    len == 0 ? -1L : 100L, 0);
        if (n > 0)
        {
            /* Replace zero and CSI by a special key code. */
            n = fix_input_buffer(buf + len, n, FALSE);
            len += n;
            waited = 0;
        }
        else if (len > 0)
            ++waited;       /* keep track of the waiting time */

        /* Incomplete termcode and not timed out yet: get more characters */
        if ((n = check_termcode(1, buf, len)) < 0
               && (!p_ttimeout || waited * 100L < (p_ttm < 0 ? p_tm : p_ttm)))
            continue;

        /* found a termcode: adjust length */
        if (n > 0)
            len = n;
        if (len == 0)       /* nothing typed yet */
            continue;

        /* Handle modifier and/or special key code. */
        n = buf[0];
        if (n == K_SPECIAL)
        {
            n = TO_SPECIAL(buf[1], buf[2]);
            if (buf[1] == KS_MODIFIER
                    || n == K_IGNORE
#ifdef FEAT_MOUSE
                    || n == K_LEFTMOUSE_NM
                    || n == K_LEFTDRAG
                    || n == K_LEFTRELEASE
                    || n == K_LEFTRELEASE_NM
                    || n == K_MIDDLEMOUSE
                    || n == K_MIDDLEDRAG
                    || n == K_MIDDLERELEASE
                    || n == K_RIGHTMOUSE
                    || n == K_RIGHTDRAG
                    || n == K_RIGHTRELEASE
                    || n == K_MOUSEDOWN
                    || n == K_MOUSEUP
                    || n == K_X1MOUSE
                    || n == K_X1DRAG
                    || n == K_X1RELEASE
                    || n == K_X2MOUSE
                    || n == K_X2DRAG
                    || n == K_X2RELEASE
# ifdef FEAT_GUI
                    || n == K_VER_SCROLLBAR
                    || n == K_HOR_SCROLLBAR
# endif
#endif
               )
            {
                if (buf[1] == KS_MODIFIER)
                    mod_mask = buf[2];
                len -= 3;
                if (len > 0)
                    mch_memmove(buf, buf + 3, (size_t)len);
                continue;
            }
            break;
        }
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        if (has_mbyte)
        {
            if (MB_BYTE2LEN(n) > len)
                continue;       /* more bytes to get */
            buf[len >= CBUFLEN ? CBUFLEN - 1 : len] = NUL;
            n = (*mb_ptr2char)(buf);
        }
#endif
#ifdef UNIX
        if (n == intr_char)
            n = ESC;
#endif
        break;
    }

    mapped_ctrl_c = save_mapped_ctrl_c;
    return n;
}

/*
 * Get a number from the user.
 * When "mouse_used" is not NULL allow using the mouse.
 */
    int
get_number(colon, mouse_used)
    int     colon;                      /* allow colon to abort */
    int     *mouse_used;
{
    int n = 0;
    int c;
    int typed = 0;

    if (mouse_used != NULL)
        *mouse_used = FALSE;

    /* When not printing messages, the user won't know what to type, return a
     * zero (as if CR was hit). */
    if (msg_silent != 0)
        return 0;

#ifdef USE_ON_FLY_SCROLL
    dont_scroll = TRUE;         /* disallow scrolling here */
#endif
    ++no_mapping;
    ++allow_keys;               /* no mapping here, but recognize keys */
    for (;;)
    {
        windgoto(msg_row, msg_col);
        c = safe_vgetc();
        if (VIM_ISDIGIT(c))
        {
            n = n * 10 + c - '0';
            msg_putchar(c);
            ++typed;
        }
        else if (c == K_DEL || c == K_KDEL || c == K_BS || c == Ctrl_H)
        {
            if (typed > 0)
            {
                MSG_PUTS("\b \b");
                --typed;
            }
            n /= 10;
        }
#ifdef FEAT_MOUSE
        else if (mouse_used != NULL && c == K_LEFTMOUSE)
        {
            *mouse_used = TRUE;
            n = mouse_row + 1;
            break;
        }
#endif
        else if (n == 0 && c == ':' && colon)
        {
            stuffcharReadbuff(':');
            if (!exmode_active)
                cmdline_row = msg_row;
            skip_redraw = TRUE;     /* skip redraw once */
            do_redraw = FALSE;
            break;
        }
        else if (c == CAR || c == NL || c == Ctrl_C || c == ESC)
            break;
    }
    --no_mapping;
    --allow_keys;
    return n;
}

/*
 * Ask the user to enter a number.
 * When "mouse_used" is not NULL allow using the mouse and in that case return
 * the line number.
 */
    int
prompt_for_number(mouse_used)
    int         *mouse_used;
{
    int         i;
    int         save_cmdline_row;
    int         save_State;

    /* When using ":silent" assume that <CR> was entered. */
    if (mouse_used != NULL)
        MSG_PUTS(_("Type number and <Enter> or click with mouse (empty cancels): "));
    else
        MSG_PUTS(_("Type number and <Enter> (empty cancels): "));

    /* Set the state such that text can be selected/copied/pasted and we still
     * get mouse events. */
    save_cmdline_row = cmdline_row;
    cmdline_row = 0;
    save_State = State;
    State = CMDLINE;

    i = get_number(TRUE, mouse_used);
    if (KeyTyped)
    {
        /* don't call wait_return() now */
        /* msg_putchar('\n'); */
        cmdline_row = msg_row - 1;
        need_wait_return = FALSE;
        msg_didany = FALSE;
    }
    else
        cmdline_row = save_cmdline_row;
    State = save_State;

    return i;
}

    void
msgmore(n)
    long n;
{
    long pn;

    if (global_busy         /* no messages now, wait until global is finished */
            || !messaging())  /* 'lazyredraw' set, don't do messages now */
        return;

    /* We don't want to overwrite another important message, but do overwrite
     * a previous "more lines" or "fewer lines" message, so that "5dd" and
     * then "put" reports the last action. */
    if (keep_msg != NULL && !keep_msg_more)
        return;

    if (n > 0)
        pn = n;
    else
        pn = -n;

    if (pn > p_report)
    {
        if (pn == 1)
        {
            if (n > 0)
                STRCPY(msg_buf, _("1 more line"));
            else
                STRCPY(msg_buf, _("1 line less"));
        }
        else
        {
            if (n > 0)
                sprintf((char *)msg_buf, _("%ld more lines"), pn);
            else
                sprintf((char *)msg_buf, _("%ld fewer lines"), pn);
        }
        if (got_int)
            STRCAT(msg_buf, _(" (Interrupted)"));
        if (msg(msg_buf))
        {
            set_keep_msg(msg_buf, 0);
            keep_msg_more = TRUE;
        }
    }
}

/*
 * flush map and typeahead buffers and give a warning for an error
 */
    void
beep_flush()
{
    if (emsg_silent == 0)
    {
        flush_buffers(FALSE);
        vim_beep();
    }
}

/*
 * give a warning for an error
 */
    void
vim_beep()
{
    if (emsg_silent == 0)
    {
        if (p_vb
#ifdef FEAT_GUI
                /* While the GUI is starting up the termcap is set for the GUI
                 * but the output still goes to a terminal. */
                && !(gui.in_use && gui.starting)
#endif
                )
        {
            out_str(T_VB);
        }
        else
        {
#ifdef MSDOS
            /*
             * The number of beeps outputted is reduced to avoid having to wait
             * for all the beeps to finish. This is only a problem on systems
             * where the beeps don't overlap.
             */
            if (beep_count == 0 || beep_count == 10)
            {
                out_char(BELL);
                beep_count = 1;
            }
            else
                ++beep_count;
#else
            out_char(BELL);
#endif
        }

        /* When 'verbose' is set and we are sourcing a script or executing a
         * function give the user a hint where the beep comes from. */
        if (vim_strchr(p_debug, 'e') != NULL)
        {
            msg_source(hl_attr(HLF_W));
            msg_attr((char_u *)_("Beep!"), hl_attr(HLF_W));
        }
    }
}

/*
 * To get the "real" home directory:
 * - get value of $HOME
 * For Unix:
 *  - go to that directory
 *  - do mch_dirname() to get the real name of that directory.
 *  This also works with mounts and links.
 *  Don't do this for MS-DOS, it will change the "current dir" for a drive.
 */
static char_u   *homedir = NULL;

    void
init_homedir()
{
    char_u  *var;

    /* In case we are called a second time (when 'encoding' changes). */
    vim_free(homedir);
    homedir = NULL;

#ifdef VMS
    var = mch_getenv((char_u *)"SYS$LOGIN");
#else
    var = mch_getenv((char_u *)"HOME");
#endif

    if (var != NULL && *var == NUL)     /* empty is same as not set */
        var = NULL;

#ifdef WIN3264
    /*
     * Weird but true: $HOME may contain an indirect reference to another
     * variable, esp. "%USERPROFILE%".  Happens when $USERPROFILE isn't set
     * when $HOME is being set.
     */
    if (var != NULL && *var == '%')
    {
        char_u  *p;
        char_u  *exp;

        p = vim_strchr(var + 1, '%');
        if (p != NULL)
        {
            vim_strncpy(NameBuff, var + 1, p - (var + 1));
            exp = mch_getenv(NameBuff);
            if (exp != NULL && *exp != NUL
                                        && STRLEN(exp) + STRLEN(p) < MAXPATHL)
            {
                vim_snprintf((char *)NameBuff, MAXPATHL, "%s%s", exp, p + 1);
                var = NameBuff;
                /* Also set $HOME, it's needed for _viminfo. */
                vim_setenv((char_u *)"HOME", NameBuff);
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * Typically, $HOME is not defined on Windows, unless the user has
     * specifically defined it for Vim's sake.  However, on Windows NT
     * platforms, $HOMEDRIVE and $HOMEPATH are automatically defined for
     * each user.  Try constructing $HOME from these.
     */
    if (var == NULL)
    {
        char_u *homedrive, *homepath;

        homedrive = mch_getenv((char_u *)"HOMEDRIVE");
        homepath = mch_getenv((char_u *)"HOMEPATH");
        if (homedrive != NULL && homepath != NULL
                           && STRLEN(homedrive) + STRLEN(homepath) < MAXPATHL)
        {
            sprintf((char *)NameBuff, "%s%s", homedrive, homepath);
            if (NameBuff[0] != NUL)
            {
                var = NameBuff;
                /* Also set $HOME, it's needed for _viminfo. */
                vim_setenv((char_u *)"HOME", NameBuff);
            }
        }
    }

# if defined(FEAT_MBYTE)
    if (enc_utf8 && var != NULL)
    {
        int     len;
        char_u  *pp;

        /* Convert from active codepage to UTF-8.  Other conversions are
         * not done, because they would fail for non-ASCII characters. */
        acp_to_enc(var, (int)STRLEN(var), &pp, &len);
        if (pp != NULL)
        {
            homedir = pp;
            return;
        }
    }
# endif
#endif

#if defined(OS2) || defined(MSDOS) || defined(MSWIN)
    /*
     * Default home dir is C:/
     * Best assumption we can make in such a situation.
     */
    if (var == NULL)
        var = "C:/";
#endif
    if (var != NULL)
    {
#ifdef UNIX
        /*
         * Change to the directory and get the actual path.  This resolves
         * links.  Don't do it when we can't return.
         */
        if (mch_dirname(NameBuff, MAXPATHL) == OK
                                          && mch_chdir((char *)NameBuff) == 0)
        {
            if (!mch_chdir((char *)var) && mch_dirname(IObuff, IOSIZE) == OK)
                var = IObuff;
            if (mch_chdir((char *)NameBuff) != 0)
                EMSG(_(e_prev_dir));
        }
#endif
        homedir = vim_strsave(var);
    }
}

#if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
    void
free_homedir()
{
    vim_free(homedir);
}
#endif

/*
 * Call expand_env() and store the result in an allocated string.
 * This is not very memory efficient, this expects the result to be freed
 * again soon.
 */
    char_u *
expand_env_save(src)
    char_u      *src;
{
    return expand_env_save_opt(src, FALSE);
}

/*
 * Idem, but when "one" is TRUE handle the string as one file name, only
 * expand "~" at the start.
 */
    char_u *
expand_env_save_opt(src, one)
    char_u      *src;
    int         one;
{
    char_u      *p;

    p = alloc(MAXPATHL);
    if (p != NULL)
        expand_env_esc(src, p, MAXPATHL, FALSE, one, NULL);
    return p;
}

/*
 * Expand environment variable with path name.
 * "~/" is also expanded, using $HOME.  For Unix "~user/" is expanded.
 * Skips over "\ ", "\~" and "\$" (not for Win32 though).
 * If anything fails no expansion is done and dst equals src.
 */
    void
expand_env(src, dst, dstlen)
    char_u      *src;           /* input string e.g. "$HOME/vim.hlp" */
    char_u      *dst;           /* where to put the result */
    int         dstlen;         /* maximum length of the result */
{
    expand_env_esc(src, dst, dstlen, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
}

    void
expand_env_esc(srcp, dst, dstlen, esc, one, startstr)
    char_u      *srcp;          /* input string e.g. "$HOME/vim.hlp" */
    char_u      *dst;           /* where to put the result */
    int         dstlen;         /* maximum length of the result */
    int         esc;            /* escape spaces in expanded variables */
    int         one;            /* "srcp" is one file name */
    char_u      *startstr;      /* start again after this (can be NULL) */
{
    char_u      *src;
    char_u      *tail;
    int         c;
    char_u      *var;
    int         copy_char;
    int         mustfree;       /* var was allocated, need to free it later */
    int         at_start = TRUE; /* at start of a name */
    int         startstr_len = 0;

    if (startstr != NULL)
        startstr_len = (int)STRLEN(startstr);

    src = skipwhite(srcp);
    --dstlen;               /* leave one char space for "\," */
    while (*src && dstlen > 0)
    {
        copy_char = TRUE;
        if ((*src == '$'
#ifdef VMS
                    && at_start
#endif
           )
#if defined(MSDOS) || defined(MSWIN) || defined(OS2)
                || *src == '%'
#endif
                || (*src == '~' && at_start))
        {
            mustfree = FALSE;

            /*
             * The variable name is copied into dst temporarily, because it may
             * be a string in read-only memory and a NUL needs to be appended.
             */
            if (*src != '~')                            /* environment var */
            {
                tail = src + 1;
                var = dst;
                c = dstlen - 1;

#ifdef UNIX
                /* Unix has ${var-name} type environment vars */
                if (*tail == '{' && !vim_isIDc('{'))
                {
                    tail++;     /* ignore '{' */
                    while (c-- > 0 && *tail && *tail != '}')
                        *var++ = *tail++;
                }
                else
#endif
                {
                    while (c-- > 0 && *tail != NUL && ((vim_isIDc(*tail))
#if defined(MSDOS) || defined(MSWIN) || defined(OS2)
                            || (*src == '%' && *tail != '%')
#endif
                            ))
                    {
#ifdef OS2              /* env vars only in uppercase */
                        *var++ = TOUPPER_LOC(*tail);
                        tail++;     /* toupper() may be a macro! */
#else
                        *var++ = *tail++;
#endif
                    }
                }

#if defined(MSDOS) || defined(MSWIN) || defined(OS2) || defined(UNIX)
# ifdef UNIX
                if (src[1] == '{' && *tail != '}')
# else
                if (*src == '%' && *tail != '%')
# endif
                    var = NULL;
                else
                {
# ifdef UNIX
                    if (src[1] == '{')
# else
                    if (*src == '%')
#endif
                        ++tail;
#endif
                    *var = NUL;
                    var = vim_getenv(dst, &mustfree);
#if defined(MSDOS) || defined(MSWIN) || defined(OS2) || defined(UNIX)
                }
#endif
            }
                                                        /* home directory */
            else if (  src[1] == NUL
                    || vim_ispathsep(src[1])
                    || vim_strchr((char_u *)" ,\t\n", src[1]) != NULL)
            {
                var = homedir;
                tail = src + 1;
            }
            else                                        /* user directory */
            {
#if defined(UNIX) || (defined(VMS) && defined(USER_HOME))
                /*
                 * Copy ~user to dst[], so we can put a NUL after it.
                 */
                tail = src;
                var = dst;
                c = dstlen - 1;
                while (    c-- > 0
                        && *tail
                        && vim_isfilec(*tail)
                        && !vim_ispathsep(*tail))
                    *var++ = *tail++;
                *var = NUL;
# ifdef UNIX
                /*
                 * If the system supports getpwnam(), use it.
                 * Otherwise, or if getpwnam() fails, the shell is used to
                 * expand ~user.  This is slower and may fail if the shell
                 * does not support ~user (old versions of /bin/sh).
                 */
#  if defined(HAVE_GETPWNAM) && defined(HAVE_PWD_H)
                {
                    struct passwd *pw;

                    /* Note: memory allocated by getpwnam() is never freed.
                     * Calling endpwent() apparently doesn't help. */
                    pw = getpwnam((char *)dst + 1);
                    if (pw != NULL)
                        var = (char_u *)pw->pw_dir;
                    else
                        var = NULL;
                }
                if (var == NULL)
#  endif
                {
                    expand_T    xpc;

                    ExpandInit(&xpc);
                    xpc.xp_context = EXPAND_FILES;
                    var = ExpandOne(&xpc, dst, NULL,
                                WILD_ADD_SLASH|WILD_SILENT, WILD_EXPAND_FREE);
                    mustfree = TRUE;
                }

# else  /* !UNIX, thus VMS */
                /*
                 * USER_HOME is a comma-separated list of
                 * directories to search for the user account in.
                 */
                {
                    char_u      test[MAXPATHL], paths[MAXPATHL];
                    char_u      *path, *next_path, *ptr;
                    struct stat st;

                    STRCPY(paths, USER_HOME);
                    next_path = paths;
                    while (*next_path)
                    {
                        for (path = next_path; *next_path && *next_path != ',';
                                next_path++);
                        if (*next_path)
                            *next_path++ = NUL;
                        STRCPY(test, path);
                        STRCAT(test, "/");
                        STRCAT(test, dst + 1);
                        if (mch_stat(test, &st) == 0)
                        {
                            var = alloc(STRLEN(test) + 1);
                            STRCPY(var, test);
                            mustfree = TRUE;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
# endif /* UNIX */
#else
                /* cannot expand user's home directory, so don't try */
                var = NULL;
                tail = (char_u *)"";    /* for gcc */
#endif /* UNIX || VMS */
            }

#ifdef BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME
            /* If 'shellslash' is set change backslashes to forward slashes.
             * Can't use slash_adjust(), p_ssl may be set temporarily. */
            if (p_ssl && var != NULL && vim_strchr(var, '\\') != NULL)
            {
                char_u  *p = vim_strsave(var);

                if (p != NULL)
                {
                    if (mustfree)
                        vim_free(var);
                    var = p;
                    mustfree = TRUE;
                    forward_slash(var);
                }
            }
#endif

            /* If "var" contains white space, escape it with a backslash.
             * Required for ":e ~/tt" when $HOME includes a space. */
            if (esc && var != NULL && vim_strpbrk(var, (char_u *)" \t") != NULL)
            {
                char_u  *p = vim_strsave_escaped(var, (char_u *)" \t");

                if (p != NULL)
                {
                    if (mustfree)
                        vim_free(var);
                    var = p;
                    mustfree = TRUE;
                }
            }

            if (var != NULL && *var != NUL
                    && (STRLEN(var) + STRLEN(tail) + 1 < (unsigned)dstlen))
            {
                STRCPY(dst, var);
                dstlen -= (int)STRLEN(var);
                c = (int)STRLEN(var);
                /* if var[] ends in a path separator and tail[] starts
                 * with it, skip a character */
                if (*var != NUL && after_pathsep(dst, dst + c)
#if defined(BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME) || defined(AMIGA)
                        && dst[-1] != ':'
#endif
                        && vim_ispathsep(*tail))
                    ++tail;
                dst += c;
                src = tail;
                copy_char = FALSE;
            }
            if (mustfree)
                vim_free(var);
        }

        if (copy_char)      /* copy at least one char */
        {
            /*
             * Recognize the start of a new name, for '~'.
             * Don't do this when "one" is TRUE, to avoid expanding "~" in
             * ":edit foo ~ foo".
             */
            at_start = FALSE;
            if (src[0] == '\\' && src[1] != NUL)
            {
                *dst++ = *src++;
                --dstlen;
            }
            else if ((src[0] == ' ' || src[0] == ',') && !one)
                at_start = TRUE;
            *dst++ = *src++;
            --dstlen;

            if (startstr != NULL && src - startstr_len >= srcp
                    && STRNCMP(src - startstr_len, startstr, startstr_len) == 0)
                at_start = TRUE;
        }
    }
    *dst = NUL;
}

/*
 * Vim's version of getenv().
 * Special handling of $HOME, $VIM and $VIMRUNTIME.
 * Also does ACP to 'enc' conversion for Win32.
 */
    char_u *
vim_getenv(name, mustfree)
    char_u      *name;
    int         *mustfree;      /* set to TRUE when returned is allocated */
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *pend;
    int         vimruntime;

#if defined(OS2) || defined(MSDOS) || defined(MSWIN)
    /* use "C:/" when $HOME is not set */
    if (STRCMP(name, "HOME") == 0)
        return homedir;
#endif

    p = mch_getenv(name);
    if (p != NULL && *p == NUL)     /* empty is the same as not set */
        p = NULL;

    if (p != NULL)
    {
#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) && defined(WIN3264)
        if (enc_utf8)
        {
            int     len;
            char_u  *pp;

            /* Convert from active codepage to UTF-8.  Other conversions are
             * not done, because they would fail for non-ASCII characters. */
            acp_to_enc(p, (int)STRLEN(p), &pp, &len);
            if (pp != NULL)
            {
                p = pp;
                *mustfree = TRUE;
            }
        }
#endif
        return p;
    }

    vimruntime = (STRCMP(name, "VIMRUNTIME") == 0);
    if (!vimruntime && STRCMP(name, "VIM") != 0)
        return NULL;

    /*
     * When expanding $VIMRUNTIME fails, try using $VIM/vim<version> or $VIM.
     * Don't do this when default_vimruntime_dir is non-empty.
     */
    if (vimruntime
#ifdef HAVE_PATHDEF
            && *default_vimruntime_dir == NUL
#endif
       )
    {
        p = mch_getenv((char_u *)"VIM");
        if (p != NULL && *p == NUL)         /* empty is the same as not set */
            p = NULL;
        if (p != NULL)
        {
            p = vim_version_dir(p);
            if (p != NULL)
                *mustfree = TRUE;
            else
                p = mch_getenv((char_u *)"VIM");

#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) && defined(WIN3264)
            if (enc_utf8)
            {
                int     len;
                char_u  *pp;

                /* Convert from active codepage to UTF-8.  Other conversions
                 * are not done, because they would fail for non-ASCII
                 * characters. */
                acp_to_enc(p, (int)STRLEN(p), &pp, &len);
                if (pp != NULL)
                {
                    if (mustfree)
                        vim_free(p);
                    p = pp;
                    *mustfree = TRUE;
                }
            }
#endif
        }
    }

    /*
     * When expanding $VIM or $VIMRUNTIME fails, try using:
     * - the directory name from 'helpfile' (unless it contains '$')
     * - the executable name from argv[0]
     */
    if (p == NULL)
    {
        if (p_hf != NULL && vim_strchr(p_hf, '$') == NULL)
            p = p_hf;
#ifdef USE_EXE_NAME
        /*
         * Use the name of the executable, obtained from argv[0].
         */
        else
            p = exe_name;
#endif
        if (p != NULL)
        {
            /* remove the file name */
            pend = gettail(p);

            /* remove "doc/" from 'helpfile', if present */
            if (p == p_hf)
                pend = remove_tail(p, pend, (char_u *)"doc");

#ifdef USE_EXE_NAME
# ifdef MACOS_X
            /* remove "MacOS" from exe_name and add "Resources/vim" */
            if (p == exe_name)
            {
                char_u  *pend1;
                char_u  *pnew;

                pend1 = remove_tail(p, pend, (char_u *)"MacOS");
                if (pend1 != pend)
                {
                    pnew = alloc((unsigned)(pend1 - p) + 15);
                    if (pnew != NULL)
                    {
                        STRNCPY(pnew, p, (pend1 - p));
                        STRCPY(pnew + (pend1 - p), "Resources/vim");
                        p = pnew;
                        pend = p + STRLEN(p);
                    }
                }
            }
# endif
            /* remove "src/" from exe_name, if present */
            if (p == exe_name)
                pend = remove_tail(p, pend, (char_u *)"src");
#endif

            /* for $VIM, remove "runtime/" or "vim54/", if present */
            if (!vimruntime)
            {
                pend = remove_tail(p, pend, (char_u *)RUNTIME_DIRNAME);
                pend = remove_tail(p, pend, (char_u *)VIM_VERSION_NODOT);
            }

            /* remove trailing path separator */
#ifndef MACOS_CLASSIC
            /* With MacOS path (with  colons) the final colon is required */
            /* to avoid confusion between absolute and relative path */
            if (pend > p && after_pathsep(p, pend))
                --pend;
#endif

#ifdef MACOS_X
            if (p == exe_name || p == p_hf)
#endif
                /* check that the result is a directory name */
                p = vim_strnsave(p, (int)(pend - p));

            if (p != NULL && !mch_isdir(p))
            {
                vim_free(p);
                p = NULL;
            }
            else
            {
#ifdef USE_EXE_NAME
                /* may add "/vim54" or "/runtime" if it exists */
                if (vimruntime && (pend = vim_version_dir(p)) != NULL)
                {
                    vim_free(p);
                    p = pend;
                }
#endif
                *mustfree = TRUE;
            }
        }
    }

#ifdef HAVE_PATHDEF
    /* When there is a pathdef.c file we can use default_vim_dir and
     * default_vimruntime_dir */
    if (p == NULL)
    {
        /* Only use default_vimruntime_dir when it is not empty */
        if (vimruntime && *default_vimruntime_dir != NUL)
        {
            p = default_vimruntime_dir;
            *mustfree = FALSE;
        }
        else if (*default_vim_dir != NUL)
        {
            if (vimruntime && (p = vim_version_dir(default_vim_dir)) != NULL)
                *mustfree = TRUE;
            else
            {
                p = default_vim_dir;
                *mustfree = FALSE;
            }
        }
    }
#endif

    /*
     * Set the environment variable, so that the new value can be found fast
     * next time, and others can also use it (e.g. Perl).
     */
    if (p != NULL)
    {
        if (vimruntime)
        {
            vim_setenv((char_u *)"VIMRUNTIME", p);
            didset_vimruntime = TRUE;
#ifdef FEAT_GETTEXT
            {
                char_u  *buf = concat_str(p, (char_u *)"/lang");

                if (buf != NULL)
                {
                    bindtextdomain(VIMPACKAGE, (char *)buf);
                    vim_free(buf);
                }
            }
#endif
        }
        else
        {
            vim_setenv((char_u *)"VIM", p);
            didset_vim = TRUE;
        }
    }
    return p;
}

/*
 * Check if the directory "vimdir/<version>" or "vimdir/runtime" exists.
 * Return NULL if not, return its name in allocated memory otherwise.
 */
    static char_u *
vim_version_dir(vimdir)
    char_u      *vimdir;
{
    char_u      *p;

    if (vimdir == NULL || *vimdir == NUL)
        return NULL;
    p = concat_fnames(vimdir, (char_u *)VIM_VERSION_NODOT, TRUE);
    if (p != NULL && mch_isdir(p))
        return p;
    vim_free(p);
    p = concat_fnames(vimdir, (char_u *)RUNTIME_DIRNAME, TRUE);
    if (p != NULL && mch_isdir(p))
        return p;
    vim_free(p);
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * If the string between "p" and "pend" ends in "name/", return "pend" minus
 * the length of "name/".  Otherwise return "pend".
 */
    static char_u *
remove_tail(p, pend, name)
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *pend;
    char_u      *name;
{
    int         len = (int)STRLEN(name) + 1;
    char_u      *newend = pend - len;

    if (newend >= p
            && fnamencmp(newend, name, len - 1) == 0
            && (newend == p || after_pathsep(p, newend)))
        return newend;
    return pend;
}

/*
 * Our portable version of setenv.
 */
    void
vim_setenv(name, val)
    char_u      *name;
    char_u      *val;
{
#ifdef HAVE_SETENV
    mch_setenv((char *)name, (char *)val, 1);
#else
    char_u      *envbuf;

    /*
     * Putenv does not copy the string, it has to remain
     * valid.  The allocated memory will never be freed.
     */
    envbuf = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(name) + STRLEN(val) + 2));
    if (envbuf != NULL)
    {
        sprintf((char *)envbuf, "%s=%s", name, val);
        putenv((char *)envbuf);
    }
#endif
}

#if defined(FEAT_CMDL_COMPL) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Function given to ExpandGeneric() to obtain an environment variable name.
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    char_u *
get_env_name(xp, idx)
    expand_T    *xp;
    int         idx;
{
# if defined(AMIGA) || defined(__MRC__) || defined(__SC__)
    /*
     * No environ[] on the Amiga and on the Mac (using MPW).
     */
    return NULL;
# else
# ifndef __WIN32__
    /* Borland C++ 5.2 has this in a header file. */
    extern char         **environ;
# endif
# define ENVNAMELEN 100
    static char_u       name[ENVNAMELEN];
    char_u              *str;
    int                 n;

    str = (char_u *)environ[idx];
    if (str == NULL)
        return NULL;

    for (n = 0; n < ENVNAMELEN - 1; ++n)
    {
        if (str[n] == '=' || str[n] == NUL)
            break;
        name[n] = str[n];
    }
    name[n] = NUL;
    return name;
# endif
}
#endif

/*
 * Replace home directory by "~" in each space or comma separated file name in
 * 'src'.
 * If anything fails (except when out of space) dst equals src.
 */
    void
home_replace(buf, src, dst, dstlen, one)
    buf_T       *buf;   /* when not NULL, check for help files */
    char_u      *src;   /* input file name */
    char_u      *dst;   /* where to put the result */
    int         dstlen; /* maximum length of the result */
    int         one;    /* if TRUE, only replace one file name, include
                           spaces and commas in the file name. */
{
    size_t      dirlen = 0, envlen = 0;
    size_t      len;
    char_u      *homedir_env;
    char_u      *p;

    if (src == NULL)
    {
        *dst = NUL;
        return;
    }

    /*
     * If the file is a help file, remove the path completely.
     */
    if (buf != NULL && buf->b_help)
    {
        STRCPY(dst, gettail(src));
        return;
    }

    /*
     * We check both the value of the $HOME environment variable and the
     * "real" home directory.
     */
    if (homedir != NULL)
        dirlen = STRLEN(homedir);

#ifdef VMS
    homedir_env = mch_getenv((char_u *)"SYS$LOGIN");
#else
    homedir_env = mch_getenv((char_u *)"HOME");
#endif

    if (homedir_env != NULL && *homedir_env == NUL)
        homedir_env = NULL;
    if (homedir_env != NULL)
        envlen = STRLEN(homedir_env);

    if (!one)
        src = skipwhite(src);
    while (*src && dstlen > 0)
    {
        /*
         * Here we are at the beginning of a file name.
         * First, check to see if the beginning of the file name matches
         * $HOME or the "real" home directory. Check that there is a '/'
         * after the match (so that if e.g. the file is "/home/pieter/bla",
         * and the home directory is "/home/piet", the file does not end up
         * as "~er/bla" (which would seem to indicate the file "bla" in user
         * er's home directory)).
         */
        p = homedir;
        len = dirlen;
        for (;;)
        {
            if (   len
                && fnamencmp(src, p, len) == 0
                && (vim_ispathsep(src[len])
                    || (!one && (src[len] == ',' || src[len] == ' '))
                    || src[len] == NUL))
            {
                src += len;
                if (--dstlen > 0)
                    *dst++ = '~';

                /*
                 * If it's just the home directory, add  "/".
                 */
                if (!vim_ispathsep(src[0]) && --dstlen > 0)
                    *dst++ = '/';
                break;
            }
            if (p == homedir_env)
                break;
            p = homedir_env;
            len = envlen;
        }

        /* if (!one) skip to separator: space or comma */
        while (*src && (one || (*src != ',' && *src != ' ')) && --dstlen > 0)
            *dst++ = *src++;
        /* skip separator */
        while ((*src == ' ' || *src == ',') && --dstlen > 0)
            *dst++ = *src++;
    }
    /* if (dstlen == 0) out of space, what to do??? */

    *dst = NUL;
}

/*
 * Like home_replace, store the replaced string in allocated memory.
 * When something fails, NULL is returned.
 */
    char_u  *
home_replace_save(buf, src)
    buf_T       *buf;   /* when not NULL, check for help files */
    char_u      *src;   /* input file name */
{
    char_u      *dst;
    unsigned    len;

    len = 3;                    /* space for "~/" and trailing NUL */
    if (src != NULL)            /* just in case */
        len += (unsigned)STRLEN(src);
    dst = alloc(len);
    if (dst != NULL)
        home_replace(buf, src, dst, len, TRUE);
    return dst;
}

/*
 * Compare two file names and return:
 * FPC_SAME   if they both exist and are the same file.
 * FPC_SAMEX  if they both don't exist and have the same file name.
 * FPC_DIFF   if they both exist and are different files.
 * FPC_NOTX   if they both don't exist.
 * FPC_DIFFX  if one of them doesn't exist.
 * For the first name environment variables are expanded
 */
    int
fullpathcmp(s1, s2, checkname)
    char_u *s1, *s2;
    int     checkname;          /* when both don't exist, check file names */
{
#ifdef UNIX
    char_u          exp1[MAXPATHL];
    char_u          full1[MAXPATHL];
    char_u          full2[MAXPATHL];
    struct stat     st1, st2;
    int             r1, r2;

    expand_env(s1, exp1, MAXPATHL);
    r1 = mch_stat((char *)exp1, &st1);
    r2 = mch_stat((char *)s2, &st2);
    if (r1 != 0 && r2 != 0)
    {
        /* if mch_stat() doesn't work, may compare the names */
        if (checkname)
        {
            if (fnamecmp(exp1, s2) == 0)
                return FPC_SAMEX;
            r1 = vim_FullName(exp1, full1, MAXPATHL, FALSE);
            r2 = vim_FullName(s2, full2, MAXPATHL, FALSE);
            if (r1 == OK && r2 == OK && fnamecmp(full1, full2) == 0)
                return FPC_SAMEX;
        }
        return FPC_NOTX;
    }
    if (r1 != 0 || r2 != 0)
        return FPC_DIFFX;
    if (st1.st_dev == st2.st_dev && st1.st_ino == st2.st_ino)
        return FPC_SAME;
    return FPC_DIFF;
#else
    char_u  *exp1;              /* expanded s1 */
    char_u  *full1;             /* full path of s1 */
    char_u  *full2;             /* full path of s2 */
    int     retval = FPC_DIFF;
    int     r1, r2;

    /* allocate one buffer to store three paths (alloc()/free() is slow!) */
    if ((exp1 = alloc(MAXPATHL * 3)) != NULL)
    {
        full1 = exp1 + MAXPATHL;
        full2 = full1 + MAXPATHL;

        expand_env(s1, exp1, MAXPATHL);
        r1 = vim_FullName(exp1, full1, MAXPATHL, FALSE);
        r2 = vim_FullName(s2, full2, MAXPATHL, FALSE);

        /* If vim_FullName() fails, the file probably doesn't exist. */
        if (r1 != OK && r2 != OK)
        {
            if (checkname && fnamecmp(exp1, s2) == 0)
                retval = FPC_SAMEX;
            else
                retval = FPC_NOTX;
        }
        else if (r1 != OK || r2 != OK)
            retval = FPC_DIFFX;
        else if (fnamecmp(full1, full2))
            retval = FPC_DIFF;
        else
            retval = FPC_SAME;
        vim_free(exp1);
    }
    return retval;
#endif
}

/*
 * Get the tail of a path: the file name.
 * Fail safe: never returns NULL.
 */
    char_u *
gettail(fname)
    char_u *fname;
{
    char_u  *p1, *p2;

    if (fname == NULL)
        return (char_u *)"";
    for (p1 = p2 = fname; *p2; )        /* find last part of path */
    {
        if (vim_ispathsep(*p2))
            p1 = p2 + 1;
        mb_ptr_adv(p2);
    }
    return p1;
}

/*
 * Get pointer to tail of "fname", including path separators.  Putting a NUL
 * here leaves the directory name.  Takes care of "c:/" and "//".
 * Always returns a valid pointer.
 */
    char_u *
gettail_sep(fname)
    char_u      *fname;
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *t;

    p = get_past_head(fname);   /* don't remove the '/' from "c:/file" */
    t = gettail(fname);
    while (t > p && after_pathsep(fname, t))
        --t;
#ifdef VMS
    /* path separator is part of the path */
    ++t;
#endif
    return t;
}

/*
 * get the next path component (just after the next path separator).
 */
    char_u *
getnextcomp(fname)
    char_u *fname;
{
    while (*fname && !vim_ispathsep(*fname))
        mb_ptr_adv(fname);
    if (*fname)
        ++fname;
    return fname;
}

/*
 * Get a pointer to one character past the head of a path name.
 * Unix: after "/"; DOS: after "c:\"; Amiga: after "disk:/"; Mac: no head.
 * If there is no head, path is returned.
 */
    char_u *
get_past_head(path)
    char_u  *path;
{
    char_u  *retval;

#if defined(MSDOS) || defined(MSWIN) || defined(OS2)
    /* may skip "c:" */
    if (isalpha(path[0]) && path[1] == ':')
        retval = path + 2;
    else
        retval = path;
#else
# if defined(AMIGA)
    /* may skip "label:" */
    retval = vim_strchr(path, ':');
    if (retval == NULL)
        retval = path;
# else  /* Unix */
    retval = path;
# endif
#endif

    while (vim_ispathsep(*retval))
        ++retval;

    return retval;
}

/*
 * return TRUE if 'c' is a path separator.
 */
    int
vim_ispathsep(c)
    int c;
{
#ifdef RISCOS
    return (c == '.' || c == ':');
#else
# ifdef UNIX
    return (c == '/');      /* UNIX has ':' inside file names */
# else
#  ifdef BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME
    return (c == ':' || c == '/' || c == '\\');
#  else
#   ifdef VMS
    /* server"user passwd"::device:[full.path.name]fname.extension;version" */
    return (c == ':' || c == '[' || c == ']' || c == '/'
            || c == '<' || c == '>' || c == '"' );
#   else                /* Amiga */
    return (c == ':' || c == '/');
#   endif /* VMS */
#  endif
# endif
#endif /* RISC OS */
}

#if defined(FEAT_SEARCHPATH) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * return TRUE if 'c' is a path list separator.
 */
    int
vim_ispathlistsep(c)
    int c;
{
#ifdef UNIX
    return (c == ':');
#else
    return (c == ';');  /* might not be right for every system... */
#endif
}
#endif

#if defined(FEAT_GUI_TABLINE) || defined(FEAT_WINDOWS) \
        || defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Shorten the path of a file from "~/foo/../.bar/fname" to "~/f/../.b/fname"
 * It's done in-place.
 */
    void
shorten_dir(str)
    char_u *str;
{
    char_u      *tail, *s, *d;
    int         skip = FALSE;

    tail = gettail(str);
    d = str;
    for (s = str; ; ++s)
    {
        if (s >= tail)              /* copy the whole tail */
        {
            *d++ = *s;
            if (*s == NUL)
                break;
        }
        else if (vim_ispathsep(*s))         /* copy '/' and next char */
        {
            *d++ = *s;
            skip = FALSE;
        }
        else if (!skip)
        {
            *d++ = *s;              /* copy next char */
            if (*s != '~' && *s != '.') /* and leading "~" and "." */
                skip = TRUE;
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
            if (has_mbyte)
            {
                int l = mb_ptr2len(s);

                while (--l > 0)
                    *d++ = *++s;
            }
# endif
        }
    }
}
#endif

/*
 * Return TRUE if the directory of "fname" exists, FALSE otherwise.
 * Also returns TRUE if there is no directory name.
 * "fname" must be writable!.
 */
    int
dir_of_file_exists(fname)
    char_u      *fname;
{
    char_u      *p;
    int         c;
    int         retval;

    p = gettail_sep(fname);
    if (p == fname)
        return TRUE;
    c = *p;
    *p = NUL;
    retval = mch_isdir(fname);
    *p = c;
    return retval;
}

#if (defined(CASE_INSENSITIVE_FILENAME) && defined(BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME)) \
        || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Versions of fnamecmp() and fnamencmp() that handle '/' and '\' equally.
 */
    int
vim_fnamecmp(x, y)
    char_u      *x, *y;
{
    return vim_fnamencmp(x, y, MAXPATHL);
}

    int
vim_fnamencmp(x, y, len)
    char_u      *x, *y;
    size_t      len;
{
    while (len > 0 && *x && *y)
    {
        if (TOLOWER_LOC(*x) != TOLOWER_LOC(*y)
                && !(*x == '/' && *y == '\\')
                && !(*x == '\\' && *y == '/'))
            break;
        ++x;
        ++y;
        --len;
    }
    if (len == 0)
        return 0;
    return (*x - *y);
}
#endif

/*
 * Concatenate file names fname1 and fname2 into allocated memory.
 * Only add a '/' or '\\' when 'sep' is TRUE and it is necessary.
 */
    char_u  *
concat_fnames(fname1, fname2, sep)
    char_u  *fname1;
    char_u  *fname2;
    int     sep;
{
    char_u  *dest;

    dest = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(fname1) + STRLEN(fname2) + 3));
    if (dest != NULL)
    {
        STRCPY(dest, fname1);
        if (sep)
            add_pathsep(dest);
        STRCAT(dest, fname2);
    }
    return dest;
}

#if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(FEAT_GETTEXT) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Concatenate two strings and return the result in allocated memory.
 * Returns NULL when out of memory.
 */
    char_u  *
concat_str(str1, str2)
    char_u  *str1;
    char_u  *str2;
{
    char_u  *dest;
    size_t  l = STRLEN(str1);

    dest = alloc((unsigned)(l + STRLEN(str2) + 1L));
    if (dest != NULL)
    {
        STRCPY(dest, str1);
        STRCPY(dest + l, str2);
    }
    return dest;
}
#endif

/*
 * Add a path separator to a file name, unless it already ends in a path
 * separator.
 */
    void
add_pathsep(p)
    char_u      *p;
{
    if (*p != NUL && !after_pathsep(p, p + STRLEN(p)))
        STRCAT(p, PATHSEPSTR);
}

/*
 * FullName_save - Make an allocated copy of a full file name.
 * Returns NULL when out of memory.
 */
    char_u  *
FullName_save(fname, force)
    char_u      *fname;
    int         force;      /* force expansion, even when it already looks
                               like a full path name */
{
    char_u      *buf;
    char_u      *new_fname = NULL;

    if (fname == NULL)
        return NULL;

    buf = alloc((unsigned)MAXPATHL);
    if (buf != NULL)
    {
        if (vim_FullName(fname, buf, MAXPATHL, force) != FAIL)
            new_fname = vim_strsave(buf);
        else
            new_fname = vim_strsave(fname);
        vim_free(buf);
    }
    return new_fname;
}

#if defined(FEAT_CINDENT) || defined(FEAT_SYN_HL)

static char_u   *skip_string __ARGS((char_u *p));

/*
 * Find the start of a comment, not knowing if we are in a comment right now.
 * Search starts at w_cursor.lnum and goes backwards.
 */
    pos_T *
find_start_comment(ind_maxcomment)          /* XXX */
    int         ind_maxcomment;
{
    pos_T       *pos;
    char_u      *line;
    char_u      *p;
    int         cur_maxcomment = ind_maxcomment;

    for (;;)
    {
        pos = findmatchlimit(NULL, '*', FM_BACKWARD, cur_maxcomment);
        if (pos == NULL)
            break;

        /*
         * Check if the comment start we found is inside a string.
         * If it is then restrict the search to below this line and try again.
         */
        line = ml_get(pos->lnum);
        for (p = line; *p && (unsigned)(p - line) < pos->col; ++p)
            p = skip_string(p);
        if ((unsigned)(p - line) <= pos->col)
            break;
        cur_maxcomment = curwin->w_cursor.lnum - pos->lnum - 1;
        if (cur_maxcomment <= 0)
        {
            pos = NULL;
            break;
        }
    }
    return pos;
}

/*
 * Skip to the end of a "string" and a 'c' character.
 * If there is no string or character, return argument unmodified.
 */
    static char_u *
skip_string(p)
    char_u  *p;
{
    int     i;

    /*
     * We loop, because strings may be concatenated: "date""time".
     */
    for ( ; ; ++p)
    {
        if (p[0] == '\'')                   /* 'c' or '\n' or '\000' */
        {
            if (!p[1])                      /* ' at end of line */
                break;
            i = 2;
            if (p[1] == '\\')               /* '\n' or '\000' */
            {
                ++i;
                while (vim_isdigit(p[i - 1]))   /* '\000' */
                    ++i;
            }
            if (p[i] == '\'')               /* check for trailing ' */
            {
                p += i;
                continue;
            }
        }
        else if (p[0] == '"')               /* start of string */
        {
            for (++p; p[0]; ++p)
            {
                if (p[0] == '\\' && p[1] != NUL)
                    ++p;
                else if (p[0] == '"')       /* end of string */
                    break;
            }
            if (p[0] == '"')
                continue;
        }
        break;                              /* no string found */
    }
    if (!*p)
        --p;                                /* backup from NUL */
    return p;
}
#endif /* FEAT_CINDENT || FEAT_SYN_HL */

#if defined(FEAT_CINDENT) || defined(PROTO)

/*
 * Do C or expression indenting on the current line.
 */
    void
do_c_expr_indent()
{
# ifdef FEAT_EVAL
    if (*curbuf->b_p_inde != NUL)
        fixthisline(get_expr_indent);
    else
# endif
        fixthisline(get_c_indent);
}

/*
 * Functions for C-indenting.
 * Most of this originally comes from Eric Fischer.
 */
/*
 * Below "XXX" means that this function may unlock the current line.
 */

static char_u   *cin_skipcomment __ARGS((char_u *));
static int      cin_nocode __ARGS((char_u *));
static pos_T    *find_line_comment __ARGS((void));
static int      cin_islabel_skip __ARGS((char_u **));
static int      cin_isdefault __ARGS((char_u *));
static char_u   *after_label __ARGS((char_u *l));
static int      get_indent_nolabel __ARGS((linenr_T lnum));
static int      skip_label __ARGS((linenr_T, char_u **pp, int ind_maxcomment));
static int      cin_first_id_amount __ARGS((void));
static int      cin_get_equal_amount __ARGS((linenr_T lnum));
static int      cin_ispreproc __ARGS((char_u *));
static int      cin_ispreproc_cont __ARGS((char_u **pp, linenr_T *lnump));
static int      cin_iscomment __ARGS((char_u *));
static int      cin_islinecomment __ARGS((char_u *));
static int      cin_isterminated __ARGS((char_u *, int, int));
static int      cin_isinit __ARGS((void));
static int      cin_isfuncdecl __ARGS((char_u **, linenr_T));
static int      cin_isif __ARGS((char_u *));
static int      cin_iselse __ARGS((char_u *));
static int      cin_isdo __ARGS((char_u *));
static int      cin_iswhileofdo __ARGS((char_u *, linenr_T, int));
static int      cin_iswhileofdo_end __ARGS((int terminated, int ind_maxparen, int ind_maxcomment));
static int      cin_isbreak __ARGS((char_u *));
static int      cin_is_cpp_baseclass __ARGS((colnr_T *col));
static int      get_baseclass_amount __ARGS((int col, int ind_maxparen, int ind_maxcomment, int ind_cpp_baseclass));
static int      cin_ends_in __ARGS((char_u *, char_u *, char_u *));
static int      cin_skip2pos __ARGS((pos_T *trypos));
static pos_T    *find_start_brace __ARGS((int));
static pos_T    *find_match_paren __ARGS((int, int));
static int      corr_ind_maxparen __ARGS((int ind_maxparen, pos_T *startpos));
static int      find_last_paren __ARGS((char_u *l, int start, int end));
static int      find_match __ARGS((int lookfor, linenr_T ourscope, int ind_maxparen, int ind_maxcomment));

static int      ind_hash_comment = 0;   /* # starts a comment */

/*
 * Skip over white space and C comments within the line.
 * Also skip over Perl/shell comments if desired.
 */
    static char_u *
cin_skipcomment(s)
    char_u      *s;
{
    while (*s)
    {
        char_u *prev_s = s;

        s = skipwhite(s);

        /* Perl/shell # comment comment continues until eol.  Require a space
         * before # to avoid recognizing $#array. */
        if (ind_hash_comment != 0 && s != prev_s && *s == '#')
        {
            s += STRLEN(s);
            break;
        }
        if (*s != '/')
            break;
        ++s;
        if (*s == '/')          /* slash-slash comment continues till eol */
        {
            s += STRLEN(s);
            break;
        }
        if (*s != '*')
            break;
        for (++s; *s; ++s)      /* skip slash-star comment */
            if (s[0] == '*' && s[1] == '/')
            {
                s += 2;
                break;
            }
    }
    return s;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if there there is no code at *s.  White space and comments are
 * not considered code.
 */
    static int
cin_nocode(s)
    char_u      *s;
{
    return *cin_skipcomment(s) == NUL;
}

/*
 * Check previous lines for a "//" line comment, skipping over blank lines.
 */
    static pos_T *
find_line_comment() /* XXX */
{
    static pos_T pos;
    char_u       *line;
    char_u       *p;

    pos = curwin->w_cursor;
    while (--pos.lnum > 0)
    {
        line = ml_get(pos.lnum);
        p = skipwhite(line);
        if (cin_islinecomment(p))
        {
            pos.col = (int)(p - line);
            return &pos;
        }
        if (*p != NUL)
            break;
    }
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Check if string matches "label:"; move to character after ':' if true.
 */
    static int
cin_islabel_skip(s)
    char_u      **s;
{
    if (!vim_isIDc(**s))            /* need at least one ID character */
        return FALSE;

    while (vim_isIDc(**s))
        (*s)++;

    *s = cin_skipcomment(*s);

    /* "::" is not a label, it's C++ */
    return (**s == ':' && *++*s != ':');
}

/*
 * Recognize a label: "label:".
 * Note: curwin->w_cursor must be where we are looking for the label.
 */
    int
cin_islabel(ind_maxcomment)             /* XXX */
    int         ind_maxcomment;
{
    char_u      *s;

    s = cin_skipcomment(ml_get_curline());

    /*
     * Exclude "default" from labels, since it should be indented
     * like a switch label.  Same for C++ scope declarations.
     */
    if (cin_isdefault(s))
        return FALSE;
    if (cin_isscopedecl(s))
        return FALSE;

    if (cin_islabel_skip(&s))
    {
        /*
         * Only accept a label if the previous line is terminated or is a case
         * label.
         */
        pos_T   cursor_save;
        pos_T   *trypos;
        char_u  *line;

        cursor_save = curwin->w_cursor;
        while (curwin->w_cursor.lnum > 1)
        {
            --curwin->w_cursor.lnum;

            /*
             * If we're in a comment now, skip to the start of the comment.
             */
            curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
            if ((trypos = find_start_comment(ind_maxcomment)) != NULL) /* XXX */
                curwin->w_cursor = *trypos;

            line = ml_get_curline();
            if (cin_ispreproc(line))    /* ignore #defines, #if, etc. */
                continue;
            if (*(line = cin_skipcomment(line)) == NUL)
                continue;

            curwin->w_cursor = cursor_save;
            if (cin_isterminated(line, TRUE, FALSE)
                    || cin_isscopedecl(line)
                    || cin_iscase(line)
                    || (cin_islabel_skip(&line) && cin_nocode(line)))
                return TRUE;
            return FALSE;
        }
        curwin->w_cursor = cursor_save;
        return TRUE;            /* label at start of file??? */
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Recognize structure initialization and enumerations.
 * Q&D-Implementation:
 * check for "=" at end or "[typedef] enum" at beginning of line.
 */
    static int
cin_isinit(void)
{
    char_u      *s;

    s = cin_skipcomment(ml_get_curline());

    if (STRNCMP(s, "typedef", 7) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(s[7]))
        s = cin_skipcomment(s + 7);

    if (STRNCMP(s, "enum", 4) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(s[4]))
        return TRUE;

    if (cin_ends_in(s, (char_u *)"=", (char_u *)"{"))
        return TRUE;

    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Recognize a switch label: "case .*:" or "default:".
 */
     int
cin_iscase(s)
    char_u *s;
{
    s = cin_skipcomment(s);
    if (STRNCMP(s, "case", 4) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(s[4]))
    {
        for (s += 4; *s; ++s)
        {
            s = cin_skipcomment(s);
            if (*s == ':')
            {
                if (s[1] == ':')        /* skip over "::" for C++ */
                    ++s;
                else
                    return TRUE;
            }
            if (*s == '\'' && s[1] && s[2] == '\'')
                s += 2;                 /* skip over '.' */
            else if (*s == '/' && (s[1] == '*' || s[1] == '/'))
                return FALSE;           /* stop at comment */
            else if (*s == '"')
                return FALSE;           /* stop at string */
        }
        return FALSE;
    }

    if (cin_isdefault(s))
        return TRUE;
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Recognize a "default" switch label.
 */
    static int
cin_isdefault(s)
    char_u  *s;
{
    return (STRNCMP(s, "default", 7) == 0
            && *(s = cin_skipcomment(s + 7)) == ':'
            && s[1] != ':');
}

/*
 * Recognize a "public/private/proctected" scope declaration label.
 */
    int
cin_isscopedecl(s)
    char_u      *s;
{
    int         i;

    s = cin_skipcomment(s);
    if (STRNCMP(s, "public", 6) == 0)
        i = 6;
    else if (STRNCMP(s, "protected", 9) == 0)
        i = 9;
    else if (STRNCMP(s, "private", 7) == 0)
        i = 7;
    else
        return FALSE;
    return (*(s = cin_skipcomment(s + i)) == ':' && s[1] != ':');
}

/*
 * Return a pointer to the first non-empty non-comment character after a ':'.
 * Return NULL if not found.
 *        case 234:    a = b;
 *                     ^
 */
    static char_u *
after_label(l)
    char_u  *l;
{
    for ( ; *l; ++l)
    {
        if (*l == ':')
        {
            if (l[1] == ':')        /* skip over "::" for C++ */
                ++l;
            else if (!cin_iscase(l + 1))
                break;
        }
        else if (*l == '\'' && l[1] && l[2] == '\'')
            l += 2;                 /* skip over 'x' */
    }
    if (*l == NUL)
        return NULL;
    l = cin_skipcomment(l + 1);
    if (*l == NUL)
        return NULL;
    return l;
}

/*
 * Get indent of line "lnum", skipping a label.
 * Return 0 if there is nothing after the label.
 */
    static int
get_indent_nolabel(lnum)                /* XXX */
    linenr_T    lnum;
{
    char_u      *l;
    pos_T       fp;
    colnr_T     col;
    char_u      *p;

    l = ml_get(lnum);
    p = after_label(l);
    if (p == NULL)
        return 0;

    fp.col = (colnr_T)(p - l);
    fp.lnum = lnum;
    getvcol(curwin, &fp, &col, NULL, NULL);
    return (int)col;
}

/*
 * Find indent for line "lnum", ignoring any case or jump label.
 * Also return a pointer to the text (after the label) in "pp".
 *   label:     if (asdf && asdfasdf)
 *              ^
 */
    static int
skip_label(lnum, pp, ind_maxcomment)
    linenr_T    lnum;
    char_u      **pp;
    int         ind_maxcomment;
{
    char_u      *l;
    int         amount;
    pos_T       cursor_save;

    cursor_save = curwin->w_cursor;
    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
    l = ml_get_curline();
                                    /* XXX */
    if (cin_iscase(l) || cin_isscopedecl(l) || cin_islabel(ind_maxcomment))
    {
        amount = get_indent_nolabel(lnum);
        l = after_label(ml_get_curline());
        if (l == NULL)          /* just in case */
            l = ml_get_curline();
    }
    else
    {
        amount = get_indent();
        l = ml_get_curline();
    }
    *pp = l;

    curwin->w_cursor = cursor_save;
    return amount;
}

/*
 * Return the indent of the first variable name after a type in a declaration.
 *  int     a,                  indent of "a"
 *  static struct foo    b,     indent of "b"
 *  enum bla    c,              indent of "c"
 * Returns zero when it doesn't look like a declaration.
 */
    static int
cin_first_id_amount()
{
    char_u      *line, *p, *s;
    int         len;
    pos_T       fp;
    colnr_T     col;

    line = ml_get_curline();
    p = skipwhite(line);
    len = (int)(skiptowhite(p) - p);
    if (len == 6 && STRNCMP(p, "static", 6) == 0)
    {
        p = skipwhite(p + 6);
        len = (int)(skiptowhite(p) - p);
    }
    if (len == 6 && STRNCMP(p, "struct", 6) == 0)
        p = skipwhite(p + 6);
    else if (len == 4 && STRNCMP(p, "enum", 4) == 0)
        p = skipwhite(p + 4);
    else if ((len == 8 && STRNCMP(p, "unsigned", 8) == 0)
            || (len == 6 && STRNCMP(p, "signed", 6) == 0))
    {
        s = skipwhite(p + len);
        if ((STRNCMP(s, "int", 3) == 0 && vim_iswhite(s[3]))
                || (STRNCMP(s, "long", 4) == 0 && vim_iswhite(s[4]))
                || (STRNCMP(s, "short", 5) == 0 && vim_iswhite(s[5]))
                || (STRNCMP(s, "char", 4) == 0 && vim_iswhite(s[4])))
            p = s;
    }
    for (len = 0; vim_isIDc(p[len]); ++len)
        ;
    if (len == 0 || !vim_iswhite(p[len]) || cin_nocode(p))
        return 0;

    p = skipwhite(p + len);
    fp.lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
    fp.col = (colnr_T)(p - line);
    getvcol(curwin, &fp, &col, NULL, NULL);
    return (int)col;
}

/*
 * Return the indent of the first non-blank after an equal sign.
 *       char *foo = "here";
 * Return zero if no (useful) equal sign found.
 * Return -1 if the line above "lnum" ends in a backslash.
 *      foo = "asdf\
 *             asdf\
 *             here";
 */
    static int
cin_get_equal_amount(lnum)
    linenr_T    lnum;
{
    char_u      *line;
    char_u      *s;
    colnr_T     col;
    pos_T       fp;

    if (lnum > 1)
    {
        line = ml_get(lnum - 1);
        if (*line != NUL && line[STRLEN(line) - 1] == '\\')
            return -1;
    }

    line = s = ml_get(lnum);
    while (*s != NUL && vim_strchr((char_u *)"=;{}\"'", *s) == NULL)
    {
        if (cin_iscomment(s))   /* ignore comments */
            s = cin_skipcomment(s);
        else
            ++s;
    }
    if (*s != '=')
        return 0;

    s = skipwhite(s + 1);
    if (cin_nocode(s))
        return 0;

    if (*s == '"')      /* nice alignment for continued strings */
        ++s;

    fp.lnum = lnum;
    fp.col = (colnr_T)(s - line);
    getvcol(curwin, &fp, &col, NULL, NULL);
    return (int)col;
}

/*
 * Recognize a preprocessor statement: Any line that starts with '#'.
 */
    static int
cin_ispreproc(s)
    char_u *s;
{
    s = skipwhite(s);
    if (*s == '#')
        return TRUE;
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if line "*pp" at "*lnump" is a preprocessor statement or a
 * continuation line of a preprocessor statement.  Decrease "*lnump" to the
 * start and return the line in "*pp".
 */
    static int
cin_ispreproc_cont(pp, lnump)
    char_u      **pp;
    linenr_T    *lnump;
{
    char_u      *line = *pp;
    linenr_T    lnum = *lnump;
    int         retval = FALSE;

    for (;;)
    {
        if (cin_ispreproc(line))
        {
            retval = TRUE;
            *lnump = lnum;
            break;
        }
        if (lnum == 1)
            break;
        line = ml_get(--lnum);
        if (*line == NUL || line[STRLEN(line) - 1] != '\\')
            break;
    }

    if (lnum != *lnump)
        *pp = ml_get(*lnump);
    return retval;
}

/*
 * Recognize the start of a C or C++ comment.
 */
    static int
cin_iscomment(p)
    char_u  *p;
{
    return (p[0] == '/' && (p[1] == '*' || p[1] == '/'));
}

/*
 * Recognize the start of a "//" comment.
 */
    static int
cin_islinecomment(p)
    char_u *p;
{
    return (p[0] == '/' && p[1] == '/');
}

/*
 * Recognize a line that starts with '{' or '}', or ends with ';', '{' or '}'.
 * Don't consider "} else" a terminated line.
 * Return the character terminating the line (ending char's have precedence if
 * both apply in order to determine initializations).
 */
    static int
cin_isterminated(s, incl_open, incl_comma)
    char_u      *s;
    int         incl_open;      /* include '{' at the end as terminator */
    int         incl_comma;     /* recognize a trailing comma */
{
    char_u found_start = 0;

    s = cin_skipcomment(s);

    if (*s == '{' || (*s == '}' && !cin_iselse(s)))
        found_start = *s;

    while (*s)
    {
        /* skip over comments, "" strings and 'c'haracters */
        s = skip_string(cin_skipcomment(s));
        if ((*s == ';' || (incl_open && *s == '{') || *s == '}'
                                                 || (incl_comma && *s == ','))
                && cin_nocode(s + 1))
            return *s;

        if (*s)
            s++;
    }
    return found_start;
}

/*
 * Recognize the basic picture of a function declaration -- it needs to
 * have an open paren somewhere and a close paren at the end of the line and
 * no semicolons anywhere.
 * When a line ends in a comma we continue looking in the next line.
 * "sp" points to a string with the line.  When looking at other lines it must
 * be restored to the line.  When it's NULL fetch lines here.
 * "lnum" is where we start looking.
 */
    static int
cin_isfuncdecl(sp, first_lnum)
    char_u      **sp;
    linenr_T    first_lnum;
{
    char_u      *s;
    linenr_T    lnum = first_lnum;
    int         retval = FALSE;

    if (sp == NULL)
        s = ml_get(lnum);
    else
        s = *sp;

    while (*s && *s != '(' && *s != ';' && *s != '\'' && *s != '"')
    {
        if (cin_iscomment(s))   /* ignore comments */
            s = cin_skipcomment(s);
        else
            ++s;
    }
    if (*s != '(')
        return FALSE;           /* ';', ' or "  before any () or no '(' */

    while (*s && *s != ';' && *s != '\'' && *s != '"')
    {
        if (*s == ')' && cin_nocode(s + 1))
        {
            /* ')' at the end: may have found a match
             * Check for he previous line not to end in a backslash:
             *       #if defined(x) && \
             *           defined(y)
             */
            lnum = first_lnum - 1;
            s = ml_get(lnum);
            if (*s == NUL || s[STRLEN(s) - 1] != '\\')
                retval = TRUE;
            goto done;
        }
        if (*s == ',' && cin_nocode(s + 1))
        {
            /* ',' at the end: continue looking in the next line */
            if (lnum >= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
                break;

            s = ml_get(++lnum);
        }
        else if (cin_iscomment(s))      /* ignore comments */
            s = cin_skipcomment(s);
        else
            ++s;
    }

done:
    if (lnum != first_lnum && sp != NULL)
        *sp = ml_get(first_lnum);

    return retval;
}

    static int
cin_isif(p)
    char_u  *p;
{
    return (STRNCMP(p, "if", 2) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(p[2]));
}

    static int
cin_iselse(p)
    char_u  *p;
{
    if (*p == '}')          /* accept "} else" */
        p = cin_skipcomment(p + 1);
    return (STRNCMP(p, "else", 4) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(p[4]));
}

    static int
cin_isdo(p)
    char_u  *p;
{
    return (STRNCMP(p, "do", 2) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(p[2]));
}

/*
 * Check if this is a "while" that should have a matching "do".
 * We only accept a "while (condition) ;", with only white space between the
 * ')' and ';'. The condition may be spread over several lines.
 */
    static int
cin_iswhileofdo(p, lnum, ind_maxparen)      /* XXX */
    char_u      *p;
    linenr_T    lnum;
    int         ind_maxparen;
{
    pos_T       cursor_save;
    pos_T       *trypos;
    int         retval = FALSE;

    p = cin_skipcomment(p);
    if (*p == '}')              /* accept "} while (cond);" */
        p = cin_skipcomment(p + 1);
    if (STRNCMP(p, "while", 5) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(p[5]))
    {
        cursor_save = curwin->w_cursor;
        curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
        curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
        p = ml_get_curline();
        while (*p && *p != 'w') /* skip any '}', until the 'w' of the "while" */
        {
            ++p;
            ++curwin->w_cursor.col;
        }
        if ((trypos = findmatchlimit(NULL, 0, 0, ind_maxparen)) != NULL
                && *cin_skipcomment(ml_get_pos(trypos) + 1) == ';')
            retval = TRUE;
        curwin->w_cursor = cursor_save;
    }
    return retval;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if we are at the end of a do-while.
 *    do
 *       nothing;
 *    while (foo
 *             && bar);  <-- here
 * Adjust the cursor to the line with "while".
 */
    static int
cin_iswhileofdo_end(terminated, ind_maxparen, ind_maxcomment)
    int     terminated;
    int     ind_maxparen;
    int     ind_maxcomment;
{
    char_u      *line;
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *s;
    pos_T       *trypos;
    int         i;

    if (terminated != ';')      /* there must be a ';' at the end */
        return FALSE;

    p = line = ml_get_curline();
    while (*p != NUL)
    {
        p = cin_skipcomment(p);
        if (*p == ')')
        {
            s = skipwhite(p + 1);
            if (*s == ';' && cin_nocode(s + 1))
            {
                /* Found ");" at end of the line, now check there is "while"
                 * before the matching '('.  XXX */
                i = (int)(p - line);
                curwin->w_cursor.col = i;
                trypos = find_match_paren(ind_maxparen, ind_maxcomment);
                if (trypos != NULL)
                {
                    s = cin_skipcomment(ml_get(trypos->lnum));
                    if (*s == '}')              /* accept "} while (cond);" */
                        s = cin_skipcomment(s + 1);
                    if (STRNCMP(s, "while", 5) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(s[5]))
                    {
                        curwin->w_cursor.lnum = trypos->lnum;
                        return TRUE;
                    }
                }

                /* Searching may have made "line" invalid, get it again. */
                line = ml_get_curline();
                p = line + i;
            }
        }
        if (*p != NUL)
            ++p;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

    static int
cin_isbreak(p)
    char_u  *p;
{
    return (STRNCMP(p, "break", 5) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(p[5]));
}

/*
 * Find the position of a C++ base-class declaration or
 * constructor-initialization. eg:
 *
 * class MyClass :
 *      baseClass               <-- here
 * class MyClass : public baseClass,
 *      anotherBaseClass        <-- here (should probably lineup ??)
 * MyClass::MyClass(...) :
 *      baseClass(...)          <-- here (constructor-initialization)
 *
 * This is a lot of guessing.  Watch out for "cond ? func() : foo".
 */
    static int
cin_is_cpp_baseclass(col)
    colnr_T     *col;       /* return: column to align with */
{
    char_u      *s;
    int         class_or_struct, lookfor_ctor_init, cpp_base_class;
    linenr_T    lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
    char_u      *line = ml_get_curline();

    *col = 0;

    s = skipwhite(line);
    if (*s == '#')              /* skip #define FOO x ? (x) : x */
        return FALSE;
    s = cin_skipcomment(s);
    if (*s == NUL)
        return FALSE;

    cpp_base_class = lookfor_ctor_init = class_or_struct = FALSE;

    /* Search for a line starting with '#', empty, ending in ';' or containing
     * '{' or '}' and start below it.  This handles the following situations:
     *  a = cond ?
     *        func() :
     *             asdf;
     *  func::foo()
     *        : something
     *  {}
     *  Foo::Foo (int one, int two)
     *          : something(4),
     *          somethingelse(3)
     *  {}
     */
    while (lnum > 1)
    {
        line = ml_get(lnum - 1);
        s = skipwhite(line);
        if (*s == '#' || *s == NUL)
            break;
        while (*s != NUL)
        {
            s = cin_skipcomment(s);
            if (*s == '{' || *s == '}'
                    || (*s == ';' && cin_nocode(s + 1)))
                break;
            if (*s != NUL)
                ++s;
        }
        if (*s != NUL)
            break;
        --lnum;
    }

    line = ml_get(lnum);
    s = cin_skipcomment(line);
    for (;;)
    {
        if (*s == NUL)
        {
            if (lnum == curwin->w_cursor.lnum)
                break;
            /* Continue in the cursor line. */
            line = ml_get(++lnum);
            s = cin_skipcomment(line);
            if (*s == NUL)
                continue;
        }

        if (s[0] == ':')
        {
            if (s[1] == ':')
            {
                /* skip double colon. It can't be a constructor
                 * initialization any more */
                lookfor_ctor_init = FALSE;
                s = cin_skipcomment(s + 2);
            }
            else if (lookfor_ctor_init || class_or_struct)
            {
                /* we have something found, that looks like the start of
                 * cpp-base-class-declaration or constructor-initialization */
                cpp_base_class = TRUE;
                lookfor_ctor_init = class_or_struct = FALSE;
                *col = 0;
                s = cin_skipcomment(s + 1);
            }
            else
                s = cin_skipcomment(s + 1);
        }
        else if ((STRNCMP(s, "class", 5) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(s[5]))
                || (STRNCMP(s, "struct", 6) == 0 && !vim_isIDc(s[6])))
        {
            class_or_struct = TRUE;
            lookfor_ctor_init = FALSE;

            if (*s == 'c')
                s = cin_skipcomment(s + 5);
            else
                s = cin_skipcomment(s + 6);
        }
        else
        {
            if (s[0] == '{' || s[0] == '}' || s[0] == ';')
            {
                cpp_base_class = lookfor_ctor_init = class_or_struct = FALSE;
            }
            else if (s[0] == ')')
            {
                /* Constructor-initialization is assumed if we come across
                 * something like "):" */
                class_or_struct = FALSE;
                lookfor_ctor_init = TRUE;
            }
            else if (s[0] == '?')
            {
                /* Avoid seeing '() :' after '?' as constructor init. */
                return FALSE;
            }
            else if (!vim_isIDc(s[0]))
            {
                /* if it is not an identifier, we are wrong */
                class_or_struct = FALSE;
                lookfor_ctor_init = FALSE;
            }
            else if (*col == 0)
            {
                /* it can't be a constructor-initialization any more */
                lookfor_ctor_init = FALSE;

                /* the first statement starts here: lineup with this one... */
                if (cpp_base_class)
                    *col = (colnr_T)(s - line);
            }

            /* When the line ends in a comma don't align with it. */
            if (lnum == curwin->w_cursor.lnum && *s == ',' && cin_nocode(s + 1))
                *col = 0;

            s = cin_skipcomment(s + 1);
        }
    }

    return cpp_base_class;
}

    static int
get_baseclass_amount(col, ind_maxparen, ind_maxcomment, ind_cpp_baseclass)
    int         col;
    int         ind_maxparen;
    int         ind_maxcomment;
    int         ind_cpp_baseclass;
{
    int         amount;
    colnr_T     vcol;
    pos_T       *trypos;

    if (col == 0)
    {
        amount = get_indent();
        if (find_last_paren(ml_get_curline(), '(', ')')
                && (trypos = find_match_paren(ind_maxparen,
                                                     ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
            amount = get_indent_lnum(trypos->lnum); /* XXX */
        if (!cin_ends_in(ml_get_curline(), (char_u *)",", NULL))
            amount += ind_cpp_baseclass;
    }
    else
    {
        curwin->w_cursor.col = col;
        getvcol(curwin, &curwin->w_cursor, &vcol, NULL, NULL);
        amount = (int)vcol;
    }
    if (amount < ind_cpp_baseclass)
        amount = ind_cpp_baseclass;
    return amount;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if string "s" ends with the string "find", possibly followed by
 * white space and comments.  Skip strings and comments.
 * Ignore "ignore" after "find" if it's not NULL.
 */
    static int
cin_ends_in(s, find, ignore)
    char_u      *s;
    char_u      *find;
    char_u      *ignore;
{
    char_u      *p = s;
    char_u      *r;
    int         len = (int)STRLEN(find);

    while (*p != NUL)
    {
        p = cin_skipcomment(p);
        if (STRNCMP(p, find, len) == 0)
        {
            r = skipwhite(p + len);
            if (ignore != NULL && STRNCMP(r, ignore, STRLEN(ignore)) == 0)
                r = skipwhite(r + STRLEN(ignore));
            if (cin_nocode(r))
                return TRUE;
        }
        if (*p != NUL)
            ++p;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Skip strings, chars and comments until at or past "trypos".
 * Return the column found.
 */
    static int
cin_skip2pos(trypos)
    pos_T       *trypos;
{
    char_u      *line;
    char_u      *p;

    p = line = ml_get(trypos->lnum);
    while (*p && (colnr_T)(p - line) < trypos->col)
    {
        if (cin_iscomment(p))
            p = cin_skipcomment(p);
        else
        {
            p = skip_string(p);
            ++p;
        }
    }
    return (int)(p - line);
}

/*
 * Find the '{' at the start of the block we are in.
 * Return NULL if no match found.
 * Ignore a '{' that is in a comment, makes indenting the next three lines
 * work. */
/* foo()    */
/* {        */
/* }        */

    static pos_T *
find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment)            /* XXX */
    int         ind_maxcomment;
{
    pos_T       cursor_save;
    pos_T       *trypos;
    pos_T       *pos;
    static pos_T        pos_copy;

    cursor_save = curwin->w_cursor;
    while ((trypos = findmatchlimit(NULL, '{', FM_BLOCKSTOP, 0)) != NULL)
    {
        pos_copy = *trypos;     /* copy pos_T, next findmatch will change it */
        trypos = &pos_copy;
        curwin->w_cursor = *trypos;
        pos = NULL;
        /* ignore the { if it's in a // or / *  * / comment */
        if ((colnr_T)cin_skip2pos(trypos) == trypos->col
                && (pos = find_start_comment(ind_maxcomment)) == NULL) /* XXX */
            break;
        if (pos != NULL)
            curwin->w_cursor.lnum = pos->lnum;
    }
    curwin->w_cursor = cursor_save;
    return trypos;
}

/*
 * Find the matching '(', failing if it is in a comment.
 * Return NULL of no match found.
 */
    static pos_T *
find_match_paren(ind_maxparen, ind_maxcomment)      /* XXX */
    int         ind_maxparen;
    int         ind_maxcomment;
{
    pos_T       cursor_save;
    pos_T       *trypos;
    static pos_T pos_copy;

    cursor_save = curwin->w_cursor;
    if ((trypos = findmatchlimit(NULL, '(', 0, ind_maxparen)) != NULL)
    {
        /* check if the ( is in a // comment */
        if ((colnr_T)cin_skip2pos(trypos) > trypos->col)
            trypos = NULL;
        else
        {
            pos_copy = *trypos;     /* copy trypos, findmatch will change it */
            trypos = &pos_copy;
            curwin->w_cursor = *trypos;
            if (find_start_comment(ind_maxcomment) != NULL) /* XXX */
                trypos = NULL;
        }
    }
    curwin->w_cursor = cursor_save;
    return trypos;
}

/*
 * Return ind_maxparen corrected for the difference in line number between the
 * cursor position and "startpos".  This makes sure that searching for a
 * matching paren above the cursor line doesn't find a match because of
 * looking a few lines further.
 */
    static int
corr_ind_maxparen(ind_maxparen, startpos)
    int         ind_maxparen;
    pos_T       *startpos;
{
    long        n = (long)startpos->lnum - (long)curwin->w_cursor.lnum;

    if (n > 0 && n < ind_maxparen / 2)
        return ind_maxparen - (int)n;
    return ind_maxparen;
}

/*
 * Set w_cursor.col to the column number of the last unmatched ')' or '{' in
 * line "l".
 */
    static int
find_last_paren(l, start, end)
    char_u      *l;
    int         start, end;
{
    int         i;
    int         retval = FALSE;
    int         open_count = 0;

    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;               /* default is start of line */

    for (i = 0; l[i]; i++)
    {
        i = (int)(cin_skipcomment(l + i) - l); /* ignore parens in comments */
        i = (int)(skip_string(l + i) - l);    /* ignore parens in quotes */
        if (l[i] == start)
            ++open_count;
        else if (l[i] == end)
        {
            if (open_count > 0)
                --open_count;
            else
            {
                curwin->w_cursor.col = i;
                retval = TRUE;
            }
        }
    }
    return retval;
}

    int
get_c_indent()
{
    /*
     * spaces from a block's opening brace the prevailing indent for that
     * block should be
     */
    int ind_level = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * spaces from the edge of the line an open brace that's at the end of a
     * line is imagined to be.
     */
    int ind_open_imag = 0;

    /*
     * spaces from the prevailing indent for a line that is not precededof by
     * an opening brace.
     */
    int ind_no_brace = 0;

    /*
     * column where the first { of a function should be located }
     */
    int ind_first_open = 0;

    /*
     * spaces from the prevailing indent a leftmost open brace should be
     * located
     */
    int ind_open_extra = 0;

    /*
     * spaces from the matching open brace (real location for one at the left
     * edge; imaginary location from one that ends a line) the matching close
     * brace should be located
     */
    int ind_close_extra = 0;

    /*
     * spaces from the edge of the line an open brace sitting in the leftmost
     * column is imagined to be
     */
    int ind_open_left_imag = 0;

    /*
     * spaces from the switch() indent a "case xx" label should be located
     */
    int ind_case = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * spaces from the "case xx:" code after a switch() should be located
     */
    int ind_case_code = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * lineup break at end of case in switch() with case label
     */
    int ind_case_break = 0;

    /*
     * spaces from the class declaration indent a scope declaration label
     * should be located
     */
    int ind_scopedecl = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * spaces from the scope declaration label code should be located
     */
    int ind_scopedecl_code = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * amount K&R-style parameters should be indented
     */
    int ind_param = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * amount a function type spec should be indented
     */
    int ind_func_type = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * amount a cpp base class declaration or constructor initialization
     * should be indented
     */
    int ind_cpp_baseclass = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * additional spaces beyond the prevailing indent a continuation line
     * should be located
     */
    int ind_continuation = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * spaces from the indent of the line with an unclosed parentheses
     */
    int ind_unclosed = curbuf->b_p_sw * 2;

    /*
     * spaces from the indent of the line with an unclosed parentheses, which
     * itself is also unclosed
     */
    int ind_unclosed2 = curbuf->b_p_sw;

    /*
     * suppress ignoring spaces from the indent of a line starting with an
     * unclosed parentheses.
     */
    int ind_unclosed_noignore = 0;

    /*
     * If the opening paren is the last nonwhite character on the line, and
     * ind_unclosed_wrapped is nonzero, use this indent relative to the outer
     * context (for very long lines).
     */
    int ind_unclosed_wrapped = 0;

    /*
     * suppress ignoring white space when lining up with the character after
     * an unclosed parentheses.
     */
    int ind_unclosed_whiteok = 0;

    /*
     * indent a closing parentheses under the line start of the matching
     * opening parentheses.
     */
    int ind_matching_paren = 0;

    /*
     * indent a closing parentheses under the previous line.
     */
    int ind_paren_prev = 0;

    /*
     * Extra indent for comments.
     */
    int ind_comment = 0;

    /*
     * spaces from the comment opener when there is nothing after it.
     */
    int ind_in_comment = 3;

    /*
     * boolean: if non-zero, use ind_in_comment even if there is something
     * after the comment opener.
     */
    int ind_in_comment2 = 0;

    /*
     * max lines to search for an open paren
     */
    int ind_maxparen = 20;

    /*
     * max lines to search for an open comment
     */
    int ind_maxcomment = 70;

    /*
     * handle braces for java code
     */
    int ind_java = 0;

    /*
     * handle blocked cases correctly
     */
    int ind_keep_case_label = 0;

    pos_T       cur_curpos;
    int         amount;
    int         scope_amount;
    int         cur_amount = MAXCOL;
    colnr_T     col;
    char_u      *theline;
    char_u      *linecopy;
    pos_T       *trypos;
    pos_T       *tryposBrace = NULL;
    pos_T       our_paren_pos;
    char_u      *start;
    int         start_brace;
#define BRACE_IN_COL0           1           /* '{' is in column 0 */
#define BRACE_AT_START          2           /* '{' is at start of line */
#define BRACE_AT_END            3           /* '{' is at end of line */
    linenr_T    ourscope;
    char_u      *l;
    char_u      *look;
    char_u      terminated;
    int         lookfor;
#define LOOKFOR_INITIAL         0
#define LOOKFOR_IF              1
#define LOOKFOR_DO              2
#define LOOKFOR_CASE            3
#define LOOKFOR_ANY             4
#define LOOKFOR_TERM            5
#define LOOKFOR_UNTERM          6
#define LOOKFOR_SCOPEDECL       7
#define LOOKFOR_NOBREAK         8
#define LOOKFOR_CPP_BASECLASS   9
#define LOOKFOR_ENUM_OR_INIT    10

    int         whilelevel;
    linenr_T    lnum;
    char_u      *options;
    int         fraction = 0;       /* init for GCC */
    int         divider;
    int         n;
    int         iscase;
    int         lookfor_break;
    int         cont_amount = 0;    /* amount for continuation line */

    for (options = curbuf->b_p_cino; *options; )
    {
        l = options++;
        if (*options == '-')
            ++options;
        n = getdigits(&options);
        divider = 0;
        if (*options == '.')        /* ".5s" means a fraction */
        {
            fraction = atol((char *)++options);
            while (VIM_ISDIGIT(*options))
            {
                ++options;
                if (divider)
                    divider *= 10;
                else
                    divider = 10;
            }
        }
        if (*options == 's')        /* "2s" means two times 'shiftwidth' */
        {
            if (n == 0 && fraction == 0)
                n = curbuf->b_p_sw;     /* just "s" is one 'shiftwidth' */
            else
            {
                n *= curbuf->b_p_sw;
                if (divider)
                    n += (curbuf->b_p_sw * fraction + divider / 2) / divider;
            }
            ++options;
        }
        if (l[1] == '-')
            n = -n;
        /* When adding an entry here, also update the default 'cinoptions' in
         * doc/indent.txt, and add explanation for it! */
        switch (*l)
        {
            case '>': ind_level = n; break;
            case 'e': ind_open_imag = n; break;
            case 'n': ind_no_brace = n; break;
            case 'f': ind_first_open = n; break;
            case '{': ind_open_extra = n; break;
            case '}': ind_close_extra = n; break;
            case '^': ind_open_left_imag = n; break;
            case ':': ind_case = n; break;
            case '=': ind_case_code = n; break;
            case 'b': ind_case_break = n; break;
            case 'p': ind_param = n; break;
            case 't': ind_func_type = n; break;
            case '/': ind_comment = n; break;
            case 'c': ind_in_comment = n; break;
            case 'C': ind_in_comment2 = n; break;
            case 'i': ind_cpp_baseclass = n; break;
            case '+': ind_continuation = n; break;
            case '(': ind_unclosed = n; break;
            case 'u': ind_unclosed2 = n; break;
            case 'U': ind_unclosed_noignore = n; break;
            case 'W': ind_unclosed_wrapped = n; break;
            case 'w': ind_unclosed_whiteok = n; break;
            case 'm': ind_matching_paren = n; break;
            case 'M': ind_paren_prev = n; break;
            case ')': ind_maxparen = n; break;
            case '*': ind_maxcomment = n; break;
            case 'g': ind_scopedecl = n; break;
            case 'h': ind_scopedecl_code = n; break;
            case 'j': ind_java = n; break;
            case 'l': ind_keep_case_label = n; break;
            case '#': ind_hash_comment = n; break;
        }
    }

    /* remember where the cursor was when we started */
    cur_curpos = curwin->w_cursor;

    /* Get a copy of the current contents of the line.
     * This is required, because only the most recent line obtained with
     * ml_get is valid! */
    linecopy = vim_strsave(ml_get(cur_curpos.lnum));
    if (linecopy == NULL)
        return 0;

    /*
     * In insert mode and the cursor is on a ')' truncate the line at the
     * cursor position.  We don't want to line up with the matching '(' when
     * inserting new stuff.
     * For unknown reasons the cursor might be past the end of the line, thus
     * check for that.
     */
    if ((State & INSERT)
            && curwin->w_cursor.col < STRLEN(linecopy)
            && linecopy[curwin->w_cursor.col] == ')')
        linecopy[curwin->w_cursor.col] = NUL;

    theline = skipwhite(linecopy);

    /* move the cursor to the start of the line */

    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;

    /*
     * #defines and so on always go at the left when included in 'cinkeys'.
     */
    if (*theline == '#' && (*linecopy == '#' || in_cinkeys('#', ' ', TRUE)))
    {
        amount = 0;
    }

    /*
     * Is it a non-case label?  Then that goes at the left margin too.
     */
    else if (cin_islabel(ind_maxcomment))           /* XXX */
    {
        amount = 0;
    }

    /*
     * If we're inside a "//" comment and there is a "//" comment in a
     * previous line, lineup with that one.
     */
    else if (cin_islinecomment(theline)
            && (trypos = find_line_comment()) != NULL) /* XXX */
    {
        /* find how indented the line beginning the comment is */
        getvcol(curwin, trypos, &col, NULL, NULL);
        amount = col;
    }

    /*
     * If we're inside a comment and not looking at the start of the
     * comment, try using the 'comments' option.
     */
    else if (!cin_iscomment(theline)
            && (trypos = find_start_comment(ind_maxcomment)) != NULL) /* XXX */
    {
        int     lead_start_len = 2;
        int     lead_middle_len = 1;
        char_u  lead_start[COM_MAX_LEN];        /* start-comment string */
        char_u  lead_middle[COM_MAX_LEN];       /* middle-comment string */
        char_u  lead_end[COM_MAX_LEN];          /* end-comment string */
        char_u  *p;
        int     start_align = 0;
        int     start_off = 0;
        int     done = FALSE;

        /* find how indented the line beginning the comment is */
        getvcol(curwin, trypos, &col, NULL, NULL);
        amount = col;

        p = curbuf->b_p_com;
        while (*p != NUL)
        {
            int align = 0;
            int off = 0;
            int what = 0;

            while (*p != NUL && *p != ':')
            {
                if (*p == COM_START || *p == COM_END || *p == COM_MIDDLE)
                    what = *p++;
                else if (*p == COM_LEFT || *p == COM_RIGHT)
                    align = *p++;
                else if (VIM_ISDIGIT(*p) || *p == '-')
                    off = getdigits(&p);
                else
                    ++p;
            }

            if (*p == ':')
                ++p;
            (void)copy_option_part(&p, lead_end, COM_MAX_LEN, ",");
            if (what == COM_START)
            {
                STRCPY(lead_start, lead_end);
                lead_start_len = (int)STRLEN(lead_start);
                start_off = off;
                start_align = align;
            }
            else if (what == COM_MIDDLE)
            {
                STRCPY(lead_middle, lead_end);
                lead_middle_len = (int)STRLEN(lead_middle);
            }
            else if (what == COM_END)
            {
                /* If our line starts with the middle comment string, line it
                 * up with the comment opener per the 'comments' option. */
                if (STRNCMP(theline, lead_middle, lead_middle_len) == 0
                        && STRNCMP(theline, lead_end, STRLEN(lead_end)) != 0)
                {
                    done = TRUE;
                    if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum > 1)
                    {
                        /* If the start comment string matches in the previous
                         * line, use the indent of that line plus offset.  If
                         * the middle comment string matches in the previous
                         * line, use the indent of that line.  XXX */
                        look = skipwhite(ml_get(curwin->w_cursor.lnum - 1));
                        if (STRNCMP(look, lead_start, lead_start_len) == 0)
                            amount = get_indent_lnum(curwin->w_cursor.lnum - 1);
                        else if (STRNCMP(look, lead_middle,
                                                        lead_middle_len) == 0)
                        {
                            amount = get_indent_lnum(curwin->w_cursor.lnum - 1);
                            break;
                        }
                        /* If the start comment string doesn't match with the
                         * start of the comment, skip this entry. XXX */
                        else if (STRNCMP(ml_get(trypos->lnum) + trypos->col,
                                             lead_start, lead_start_len) != 0)
                            continue;
                    }
                    if (start_off != 0)
                        amount += start_off;
                    else if (start_align == COM_RIGHT)
                        amount += vim_strsize(lead_start)
                                                   - vim_strsize(lead_middle);
                    break;
                }

                /* If our line starts with the end comment string, line it up
                 * with the middle comment */
                if (STRNCMP(theline, lead_middle, lead_middle_len) != 0
                        && STRNCMP(theline, lead_end, STRLEN(lead_end)) == 0)
                {
                    amount = get_indent_lnum(curwin->w_cursor.lnum - 1);
                                                                     /* XXX */
                    if (off != 0)
                        amount += off;
                    else if (align == COM_RIGHT)
                        amount += vim_strsize(lead_start)
                                                   - vim_strsize(lead_middle);
                    done = TRUE;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        /* If our line starts with an asterisk, line up with the
         * asterisk in the comment opener; otherwise, line up
         * with the first character of the comment text.
         */
        if (done)
            ;
        else if (theline[0] == '*')
            amount += 1;
        else
        {
            /*
             * If we are more than one line away from the comment opener, take
             * the indent of the previous non-empty line.  If 'cino' has "CO"
             * and we are just below the comment opener and there are any
             * white characters after it line up with the text after it;
             * otherwise, add the amount specified by "c" in 'cino'
             */
            amount = -1;
            for (lnum = cur_curpos.lnum - 1; lnum > trypos->lnum; --lnum)
            {
                if (linewhite(lnum))                /* skip blank lines */
                    continue;
                amount = get_indent_lnum(lnum);     /* XXX */
                break;
            }
            if (amount == -1)                       /* use the comment opener */
            {
                if (!ind_in_comment2)
                {
                    start = ml_get(trypos->lnum);
                    look = start + trypos->col + 2; /* skip / and * */
                    if (*look != NUL)               /* if something after it */
                        trypos->col = (colnr_T)(skipwhite(look) - start);
                }
                getvcol(curwin, trypos, &col, NULL, NULL);
                amount = col;
                if (ind_in_comment2 || *look == NUL)
                    amount += ind_in_comment;
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * Are we inside parentheses or braces?
     */                                             /* XXX */
    else if (((trypos = find_match_paren(ind_maxparen, ind_maxcomment)) != NULL
                && ind_java == 0)
            || (tryposBrace = find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment)) != NULL
            || trypos != NULL)
    {
      if (trypos != NULL && tryposBrace != NULL)
      {
          /* Both an unmatched '(' and '{' is found.  Use the one which is
           * closer to the current cursor position, set the other to NULL. */
          if (trypos->lnum != tryposBrace->lnum
                  ? trypos->lnum < tryposBrace->lnum
                  : trypos->col < tryposBrace->col)
              trypos = NULL;
          else
              tryposBrace = NULL;
      }

      if (trypos != NULL)
      {
        /*
         * If the matching paren is more than one line away, use the indent of
         * a previous non-empty line that matches the same paren.
         */
        if (theline[0] == ')' && ind_paren_prev)
        {
            /* Line up with the start of the matching paren line. */
            amount = get_indent_lnum(curwin->w_cursor.lnum - 1);  /* XXX */
        }
        else
        {
            amount = -1;
            our_paren_pos = *trypos;
            for (lnum = cur_curpos.lnum - 1; lnum > our_paren_pos.lnum; --lnum)
            {
                l = skipwhite(ml_get(lnum));
                if (cin_nocode(l))              /* skip comment lines */
                    continue;
                if (cin_ispreproc_cont(&l, &lnum))
                    continue;                   /* ignore #define, #if, etc. */
                curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;

                /* Skip a comment. XXX */
                if ((trypos = find_start_comment(ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
                {
                    lnum = trypos->lnum + 1;
                    continue;
                }

                /* XXX */
                if ((trypos = find_match_paren(
                                corr_ind_maxparen(ind_maxparen, &cur_curpos),
                                                      ind_maxcomment)) != NULL
                        && trypos->lnum == our_paren_pos.lnum
                        && trypos->col == our_paren_pos.col)
                {
                        amount = get_indent_lnum(lnum); /* XXX */

                        if (theline[0] == ')')
                        {
                            if (our_paren_pos.lnum != lnum
                                                       && cur_amount > amount)
                                cur_amount = amount;
                            amount = -1;
                        }
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        /*
         * Line up with line where the matching paren is. XXX
         * If the line starts with a '(' or the indent for unclosed
         * parentheses is zero, line up with the unclosed parentheses.
         */
        if (amount == -1)
        {
            int     ignore_paren_col = 0;

            amount = skip_label(our_paren_pos.lnum, &look, ind_maxcomment);
            look = skipwhite(look);
            if (*look == '(')
            {
                linenr_T    save_lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
                char_u      *line;
                int         look_col;

                /* Ignore a '(' in front of the line that has a match before
                 * our matching '('. */
                curwin->w_cursor.lnum = our_paren_pos.lnum;
                line = ml_get_curline();
                look_col = (int)(look - line);
                curwin->w_cursor.col = look_col + 1;
                if ((trypos = findmatchlimit(NULL, ')', 0, ind_maxparen))
                                                                      != NULL
                          && trypos->lnum == our_paren_pos.lnum
                          && trypos->col < our_paren_pos.col)
                    ignore_paren_col = trypos->col + 1;

                curwin->w_cursor.lnum = save_lnum;
                look = ml_get(our_paren_pos.lnum) + look_col;
            }
            if (theline[0] == ')' || ind_unclosed == 0
                    || (!ind_unclosed_noignore && *look == '('
                                                    && ignore_paren_col == 0))
            {
                /*
                 * If we're looking at a close paren, line up right there;
                 * otherwise, line up with the next (non-white) character.
                 * When ind_unclosed_wrapped is set and the matching paren is
                 * the last nonwhite character of the line, use either the
                 * indent of the current line or the indentation of the next
                 * outer paren and add ind_unclosed_wrapped (for very long
                 * lines).
                 */
                if (theline[0] != ')')
                {
                    cur_amount = MAXCOL;
                    l = ml_get(our_paren_pos.lnum);
                    if (ind_unclosed_wrapped
                                       && cin_ends_in(l, (char_u *)"(", NULL))
                    {
                        /* look for opening unmatched paren, indent one level
                         * for each additional level */
                        n = 1;
                        for (col = 0; col < our_paren_pos.col; ++col)
                        {
                            switch (l[col])
                            {
                                case '(':
                                case '{': ++n;
                                          break;

                                case ')':
                                case '}': if (n > 1)
                                              --n;
                                          break;
                            }
                        }

                        our_paren_pos.col = 0;
                        amount += n * ind_unclosed_wrapped;
                    }
                    else if (ind_unclosed_whiteok)
                        our_paren_pos.col++;
                    else
                    {
                        col = our_paren_pos.col + 1;
                        while (vim_iswhite(l[col]))
                            col++;
                        if (l[col] != NUL)      /* In case of trailing space */
                            our_paren_pos.col = col;
                        else
                            our_paren_pos.col++;
                    }
                }

                /*
                 * Find how indented the paren is, or the character after it
                 * if we did the above "if".
                 */
                if (our_paren_pos.col > 0)
                {
                    getvcol(curwin, &our_paren_pos, &col, NULL, NULL);
                    if (cur_amount > (int)col)
                        cur_amount = col;
                }
            }

            if (theline[0] == ')' && ind_matching_paren)
            {
                /* Line up with the start of the matching paren line. */
            }
            else if (ind_unclosed == 0 || (!ind_unclosed_noignore
                                    && *look == '(' && ignore_paren_col == 0))
            {
                if (cur_amount != MAXCOL)
                    amount = cur_amount;
            }
            else
            {
                /* Add ind_unclosed2 for each '(' before our matching one, but
                 * ignore (void) before the line (ignore_paren_col). */
                col = our_paren_pos.col;
                while ((int)our_paren_pos.col > ignore_paren_col)
                {
                    --our_paren_pos.col;
                    switch (*ml_get_pos(&our_paren_pos))
                    {
                        case '(': amount += ind_unclosed2;
                                  col = our_paren_pos.col;
                                  break;
                        case ')': amount -= ind_unclosed2;
                                  col = MAXCOL;
                                  break;
                    }
                }

                /* Use ind_unclosed once, when the first '(' is not inside
                 * braces */
                if (col == MAXCOL)
                    amount += ind_unclosed;
                else
                {
                    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = our_paren_pos.lnum;
                    curwin->w_cursor.col = col;
                    if ((trypos = find_match_paren(ind_maxparen,
                                                     ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
                        amount += ind_unclosed2;
                    else
                        amount += ind_unclosed;
                }
                /*
                 * For a line starting with ')' use the minimum of the two
                 * positions, to avoid giving it more indent than the previous
                 * lines:
                 *  func_long_name(                 if (x
                 *      arg                                 && yy
                 *      )         ^ not here           )    ^ not here
                 */
                if (cur_amount < amount)
                    amount = cur_amount;
            }
        }

        /* add extra indent for a comment */
        if (cin_iscomment(theline))
            amount += ind_comment;
      }

      /*
       * Are we at least inside braces, then?
       */
      else
      {
        trypos = tryposBrace;

        ourscope = trypos->lnum;
        start = ml_get(ourscope);

        /*
         * Now figure out how indented the line is in general.
         * If the brace was at the start of the line, we use that;
         * otherwise, check out the indentation of the line as
         * a whole and then add the "imaginary indent" to that.
         */
        look = skipwhite(start);
        if (*look == '{')
        {
            getvcol(curwin, trypos, &col, NULL, NULL);
            amount = col;
            if (*start == '{')
                start_brace = BRACE_IN_COL0;
            else
                start_brace = BRACE_AT_START;
        }
        else
        {
            /*
             * that opening brace might have been on a continuation
             * line.  if so, find the start of the line.
             */
            curwin->w_cursor.lnum = ourscope;

            /*
             * position the cursor over the rightmost paren, so that
             * matching it will take us back to the start of the line.
             */
            lnum = ourscope;
            if (find_last_paren(start, '(', ')')
                    && (trypos = find_match_paren(ind_maxparen,
                                                     ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
                lnum = trypos->lnum;

            /*
             * It could have been something like
             *     case 1: if (asdf &&
             *                  ldfd) {
             *              }
             */
            if (ind_keep_case_label && cin_iscase(skipwhite(ml_get_curline())))
                amount = get_indent();
            else
                amount = skip_label(lnum, &l, ind_maxcomment);

            start_brace = BRACE_AT_END;
        }

        /*
         * if we're looking at a closing brace, that's where
         * we want to be.  otherwise, add the amount of room
         * that an indent is supposed to be.
         */
        if (theline[0] == '}')
        {
            /*
             * they may want closing braces to line up with something
             * other than the open brace.  indulge them, if so.
             */
            amount += ind_close_extra;
        }
        else
        {
            /*
             * If we're looking at an "else", try to find an "if"
             * to match it with.
             * If we're looking at a "while", try to find a "do"
             * to match it with.
             */
            lookfor = LOOKFOR_INITIAL;
            if (cin_iselse(theline))
                lookfor = LOOKFOR_IF;
            else if (cin_iswhileofdo(theline, cur_curpos.lnum, ind_maxparen))
                                                                    /* XXX */
                lookfor = LOOKFOR_DO;
            if (lookfor != LOOKFOR_INITIAL)
            {
                curwin->w_cursor.lnum = cur_curpos.lnum;
                if (find_match(lookfor, ourscope, ind_maxparen,
                                                        ind_maxcomment) == OK)
                {
                    amount = get_indent();      /* XXX */
                    goto theend;
                }
            }

            /*
             * We get here if we are not on an "while-of-do" or "else" (or
             * failed to find a matching "if").
             * Search backwards for something to line up with.
             * First set amount for when we don't find anything.
             */

            /*
             * if the '{' is  _really_ at the left margin, use the imaginary
             * location of a left-margin brace.  Otherwise, correct the
             * location for ind_open_extra.
             */

            if (start_brace == BRACE_IN_COL0)       /* '{' is in column 0 */
            {
                amount = ind_open_left_imag;
            }
            else
            {
                if (start_brace == BRACE_AT_END)    /* '{' is at end of line */
                    amount += ind_open_imag;
                else
                {
                    /* Compensate for adding ind_open_extra later. */
                    amount -= ind_open_extra;
                    if (amount < 0)
                        amount = 0;
                }
            }

            lookfor_break = FALSE;

            if (cin_iscase(theline))    /* it's a switch() label */
            {
                lookfor = LOOKFOR_CASE; /* find a previous switch() label */
                amount += ind_case;
            }
            else if (cin_isscopedecl(theline))  /* private:, ... */
            {
                lookfor = LOOKFOR_SCOPEDECL;    /* class decl is this block */
                amount += ind_scopedecl;
            }
            else
            {
                if (ind_case_break && cin_isbreak(theline))     /* break; ... */
                    lookfor_break = TRUE;

                lookfor = LOOKFOR_INITIAL;
                amount += ind_level;    /* ind_level from start of block */
            }
            scope_amount = amount;
            whilelevel = 0;

            /*
             * Search backwards.  If we find something we recognize, line up
             * with that.
             *
             * if we're looking at an open brace, indent
             * the usual amount relative to the conditional
             * that opens the block.
             */
            curwin->w_cursor = cur_curpos;
            for (;;)
            {
                curwin->w_cursor.lnum--;
                curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;

                /*
                 * If we went all the way back to the start of our scope, line
                 * up with it.
                 */
                if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum <= ourscope)
                {
                    /* we reached end of scope:
                     * if looking for a enum or structure initialization
                     * go further back:
                     * if it is an initializer (enum xxx or xxx =), then
                     * don't add ind_continuation, otherwise it is a variable
                     * declaration:
                     * int x,
                     *     here; <-- add ind_continuation
                     */
                    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_ENUM_OR_INIT)
                    {
                        if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum == 0
                                || curwin->w_cursor.lnum
                                                    < ourscope - ind_maxparen)
                        {
                            /* nothing found (abuse ind_maxparen as limit)
                             * assume terminated line (i.e. a variable
                             * initialization) */
                            if (cont_amount > 0)
                                amount = cont_amount;
                            else
                                amount += ind_continuation;
                            break;
                        }

                        l = ml_get_curline();

                        /*
                         * If we're in a comment now, skip to the start of the
                         * comment.
                         */
                        trypos = find_start_comment(ind_maxcomment);
                        if (trypos != NULL)
                        {
                            curwin->w_cursor.lnum = trypos->lnum + 1;
                            curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                            continue;
                        }

                        /*
                         * Skip preprocessor directives and blank lines.
                         */
                        if (cin_ispreproc_cont(&l, &curwin->w_cursor.lnum))
                            continue;

                        if (cin_nocode(l))
                            continue;

                        terminated = cin_isterminated(l, FALSE, TRUE);

                        /*
                         * If we are at top level and the line looks like a
                         * function declaration, we are done
                         * (it's a variable declaration).
                         */
                        if (start_brace != BRACE_IN_COL0
                                || !cin_isfuncdecl(&l, curwin->w_cursor.lnum))
                        {
                            /* if the line is terminated with another ','
                             * it is a continued variable initialization.
                             * don't add extra indent.
                             * TODO: does not work, if  a function
                             * declaration is split over multiple lines:
                             * cin_isfuncdecl returns FALSE then.
                             */
                            if (terminated == ',')
                                break;

                            /* if it es a enum declaration or an assignment,
                             * we are done.
                             */
                            if (terminated != ';' && cin_isinit())
                                break;

                            /* nothing useful found */
                            if (terminated == 0 || terminated == '{')
                                continue;
                        }

                        if (terminated != ';')
                        {
                            /* Skip parens and braces. Position the cursor
                             * over the rightmost paren, so that matching it
                             * will take us back to the start of the line.
                             */                                 /* XXX */
                            trypos = NULL;
                            if (find_last_paren(l, '(', ')'))
                                trypos = find_match_paren(ind_maxparen,
                                        ind_maxcomment);

                            if (trypos == NULL && find_last_paren(l, '{', '}'))
                                trypos = find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment);

                            if (trypos != NULL)
                            {
                                curwin->w_cursor.lnum = trypos->lnum + 1;
                                curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                                continue;
                            }
                        }

                        /* it's a variable declaration, add indentation
                         * like in
                         * int a,
                         *    b;
                         */
                        if (cont_amount > 0)
                            amount = cont_amount;
                        else
                            amount += ind_continuation;
                    }
                    else if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_UNTERM)
                    {
                        if (cont_amount > 0)
                            amount = cont_amount;
                        else
                            amount += ind_continuation;
                    }
                    else if (lookfor != LOOKFOR_TERM
                                          && lookfor != LOOKFOR_CPP_BASECLASS)
                    {
                        amount = scope_amount;
                        if (theline[0] == '{')
                            amount += ind_open_extra;
                    }
                    break;
                }

                /*
                 * If we're in a comment now, skip to the start of the comment.
                 */                                         /* XXX */
                if ((trypos = find_start_comment(ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
                {
                    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = trypos->lnum + 1;
                    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                    continue;
                }

                l = ml_get_curline();

                /*
                 * If this is a switch() label, may line up relative to that.
                 * If this is a C++ scope declaration, do the same.
                 */
                iscase = cin_iscase(l);
                if (iscase || cin_isscopedecl(l))
                {
                    /* we are only looking for cpp base class
                     * declaration/initialization any longer */
                    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_CPP_BASECLASS)
                        break;

                    /* When looking for a "do" we are not interested in
                     * labels. */
                    if (whilelevel > 0)
                        continue;

                    /*
                     *  case xx:
                     *      c = 99 +        <- this indent plus continuation
                     *->           here;
                     */
                    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_UNTERM
                                           || lookfor == LOOKFOR_ENUM_OR_INIT)
                    {
                        if (cont_amount > 0)
                            amount = cont_amount;
                        else
                            amount += ind_continuation;
                        break;
                    }

                    /*
                     *  case xx:        <- line up with this case
                     *      x = 333;
                     *  case yy:
                     */
                    if (       (iscase && lookfor == LOOKFOR_CASE)
                            || (iscase && lookfor_break)
                            || (!iscase && lookfor == LOOKFOR_SCOPEDECL))
                    {
                        /*
                         * Check that this case label is not for another
                         * switch()
                         */                                 /* XXX */
                        if ((trypos = find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment)) ==
                                             NULL || trypos->lnum == ourscope)
                        {
                            amount = get_indent();      /* XXX */
                            break;
                        }
                        continue;
                    }

                    n = get_indent_nolabel(curwin->w_cursor.lnum);  /* XXX */

                    /*
                     *   case xx: if (cond)         <- line up with this if
                     *                y = y + 1;
                     * ->         s = 99;
                     *
                     *   case xx:
                     *       if (cond)          <- line up with this line
                     *           y = y + 1;
                     * ->    s = 99;
                     */
                    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_TERM)
                    {
                        if (n)
                            amount = n;

                        if (!lookfor_break)
                            break;
                    }

                    /*
                     *   case xx: x = x + 1;        <- line up with this x
                     * ->         y = y + 1;
                     *
                     *   case xx: if (cond)         <- line up with this if
                     * ->              y = y + 1;
                     */
                    if (n)
                    {
                        amount = n;
                        l = after_label(ml_get_curline());
                        if (l != NULL && cin_is_cinword(l))
                        {
                            if (theline[0] == '{')
                                amount += ind_open_extra;
                            else
                                amount += ind_level + ind_no_brace;
                        }
                        break;
                    }

                    /*
                     * Try to get the indent of a statement before the switch
                     * label.  If nothing is found, line up relative to the
                     * switch label.
                     *      break;              <- may line up with this line
                     *   case xx:
                     * ->   y = 1;
                     */
                    scope_amount = get_indent() + (iscase    /* XXX */
                                        ? ind_case_code : ind_scopedecl_code);
                    lookfor = ind_case_break ? LOOKFOR_NOBREAK : LOOKFOR_ANY;
                    continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Looking for a switch() label or C++ scope declaration,
                 * ignore other lines, skip {}-blocks.
                 */
                if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_CASE || lookfor == LOOKFOR_SCOPEDECL)
                {
                    if (find_last_paren(l, '{', '}') && (trypos =
                                    find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
                    {
                        curwin->w_cursor.lnum = trypos->lnum + 1;
                        curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                    }
                    continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Ignore jump labels with nothing after them.
                 */
                if (cin_islabel(ind_maxcomment))
                {
                    l = after_label(ml_get_curline());
                    if (l == NULL || cin_nocode(l))
                        continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Ignore #defines, #if, etc.
                 * Ignore comment and empty lines.
                 * (need to get the line again, cin_islabel() may have
                 * unlocked it)
                 */
                l = ml_get_curline();
                if (cin_ispreproc_cont(&l, &curwin->w_cursor.lnum)
                                                             || cin_nocode(l))
                    continue;

                /*
                 * Are we at the start of a cpp base class declaration or
                 * constructor initialization?
                 */                                                 /* XXX */
                n = FALSE;
                if (lookfor != LOOKFOR_TERM && ind_cpp_baseclass > 0)
                {
                    n = cin_is_cpp_baseclass(&col);
                    l = ml_get_curline();
                }
                if (n)
                {
                    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_UNTERM)
                    {
                        if (cont_amount > 0)
                            amount = cont_amount;
                        else
                            amount += ind_continuation;
                    }
                    else if (theline[0] == '{')
                    {
                        /* Need to find start of the declaration. */
                        lookfor = LOOKFOR_UNTERM;
                        ind_continuation = 0;
                        continue;
                    }
                    else
                                                                     /* XXX */
                        amount = get_baseclass_amount(col, ind_maxparen,
                                           ind_maxcomment, ind_cpp_baseclass);
                    break;
                }
                else if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_CPP_BASECLASS)
                {
                    /* only look, whether there is a cpp base class
                     * declaration or initialization before the opening brace.
                     */
                    if (cin_isterminated(l, TRUE, FALSE))
                        break;
                    else
                        continue;
                }

                /*
                 * What happens next depends on the line being terminated.
                 * If terminated with a ',' only consider it terminating if
                 * there is another unterminated statement behind, eg:
                 *   123,
                 *   sizeof
                 *        here
                 * Otherwise check whether it is a enumeration or structure
                 * initialisation (not indented) or a variable declaration
                 * (indented).
                 */
                terminated = cin_isterminated(l, FALSE, TRUE);

                if (terminated == 0 || (lookfor != LOOKFOR_UNTERM
                                                        && terminated == ','))
                {
                    /*
                     * if we're in the middle of a paren thing,
                     * go back to the line that starts it so
                     * we can get the right prevailing indent
                     *     if ( foo &&
                     *              bar )
                     */
                    /*
                     * position the cursor over the rightmost paren, so that
                     * matching it will take us back to the start of the line.
                     */
                    (void)find_last_paren(l, '(', ')');
                    trypos = find_match_paren(
                                 corr_ind_maxparen(ind_maxparen, &cur_curpos),
                                                              ind_maxcomment);

                    /*
                     * If we are looking for ',', we also look for matching
                     * braces.
                     */
                    if (trypos == NULL && terminated == ','
                                              && find_last_paren(l, '{', '}'))
                        trypos = find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment);

                    if (trypos != NULL)
                    {
                        /*
                         * Check if we are on a case label now.  This is
                         * handled above.
                         *     case xx:  if ( asdf &&
                         *                      asdf)
                         */
                        curwin->w_cursor = *trypos;
                        l = ml_get_curline();
                        if (cin_iscase(l) || cin_isscopedecl(l))
                        {
                            ++curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
                            curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }

                    /*
                     * Skip over continuation lines to find the one to get the
                     * indent from
                     * char *usethis = "bla\
                     *           bla",
                     *      here;
                     */
                    if (terminated == ',')
                    {
                        while (curwin->w_cursor.lnum > 1)
                        {
                            l = ml_get(curwin->w_cursor.lnum - 1);
                            if (*l == NUL || l[STRLEN(l) - 1] != '\\')
                                break;
                            --curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
                            curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                        }
                    }

                    /*
                     * Get indent and pointer to text for current line,
                     * ignoring any jump label.     XXX
                     */
                    cur_amount = skip_label(curwin->w_cursor.lnum,
                                                          &l, ind_maxcomment);

                    /*
                     * If this is just above the line we are indenting, and it
                     * starts with a '{', line it up with this line.
                     *          while (not)
                     * ->       {
                     *          }
                     */
                    if (terminated != ',' && lookfor != LOOKFOR_TERM
                                                         && theline[0] == '{')
                    {
                        amount = cur_amount;
                        /*
                         * Only add ind_open_extra when the current line
                         * doesn't start with a '{', which must have a match
                         * in the same line (scope is the same).  Probably:
                         *      { 1, 2 },
                         * ->   { 3, 4 }
                         */
                        if (*skipwhite(l) != '{')
                            amount += ind_open_extra;

                        if (ind_cpp_baseclass)
                        {
                            /* have to look back, whether it is a cpp base
                             * class declaration or initialization */
                            lookfor = LOOKFOR_CPP_BASECLASS;
                            continue;
                        }
                        break;
                    }

                    /*
                     * Check if we are after an "if", "while", etc.
                     * Also allow "   } else".
                     */
                    if (cin_is_cinword(l) || cin_iselse(skipwhite(l)))
                    {
                        /*
                         * Found an unterminated line after an if (), line up
                         * with the last one.
                         *   if (cond)
                         *          100 +
                         * ->           here;
                         */
                        if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_UNTERM
                                           || lookfor == LOOKFOR_ENUM_OR_INIT)
                        {
                            if (cont_amount > 0)
                                amount = cont_amount;
                            else
                                amount += ind_continuation;
                            break;
                        }

                        /*
                         * If this is just above the line we are indenting, we
                         * are finished.
                         *          while (not)
                         * ->           here;
                         * Otherwise this indent can be used when the line
                         * before this is terminated.
                         *      yyy;
                         *      if (stat)
                         *          while (not)
                         *              xxx;
                         * ->   here;
                         */
                        amount = cur_amount;
                        if (theline[0] == '{')
                            amount += ind_open_extra;
                        if (lookfor != LOOKFOR_TERM)
                        {
                            amount += ind_level + ind_no_brace;
                            break;
                        }

                        /*
                         * Special trick: when expecting the while () after a
                         * do, line up with the while()
                         *     do
                         *          x = 1;
                         * ->  here
                         */
                        l = skipwhite(ml_get_curline());
                        if (cin_isdo(l))
                        {
                            if (whilelevel == 0)
                                break;
                            --whilelevel;
                        }

                        /*
                         * When searching for a terminated line, don't use the
                         * one between the "if" and the "else".
                         * Need to use the scope of this "else".  XXX
                         * If whilelevel != 0 continue looking for a "do {".
                         */
                        if (cin_iselse(l)
                                && whilelevel == 0
                                && ((trypos = find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment))
                                                                    == NULL
                                    || find_match(LOOKFOR_IF, trypos->lnum,
                                        ind_maxparen, ind_maxcomment) == FAIL))
                            break;
                    }

                    /*
                     * If we're below an unterminated line that is not an
                     * "if" or something, we may line up with this line or
                     * add something for a continuation line, depending on
                     * the line before this one.
                     */
                    else
                    {
                        /*
                         * Found two unterminated lines on a row, line up with
                         * the last one.
                         *   c = 99 +
                         *          100 +
                         * ->       here;
                         */
                        if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_UNTERM)
                        {
                            /* When line ends in a comma add extra indent */
                            if (terminated == ',')
                                amount += ind_continuation;
                            break;
                        }

                        if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_ENUM_OR_INIT)
                        {
                            /* Found two lines ending in ',', lineup with the
                             * lowest one, but check for cpp base class
                             * declaration/initialization, if it is an
                             * opening brace or we are looking just for
                             * enumerations/initializations. */
                            if (terminated == ',')
                            {
                                if (ind_cpp_baseclass == 0)
                                    break;

                                lookfor = LOOKFOR_CPP_BASECLASS;
                                continue;
                            }

                            /* Ignore unterminated lines in between, but
                             * reduce indent. */
                            if (amount > cur_amount)
                                amount = cur_amount;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            /*
                             * Found first unterminated line on a row, may
                             * line up with this line, remember its indent
                             *      100 +
                             * ->           here;
                             */
                            amount = cur_amount;

                            /*
                             * If previous line ends in ',', check whether we
                             * are in an initialization or enum
                             * struct xxx =
                             * {
                             *      sizeof a,
                             *      124 };
                             * or a normal possible continuation line.
                             * but only, of no other statement has been found
                             * yet.
                             */
                            if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_INITIAL && terminated == ',')
                            {
                                lookfor = LOOKFOR_ENUM_OR_INIT;
                                cont_amount = cin_first_id_amount();
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_INITIAL
                                        && *l != NUL
                                        && l[STRLEN(l) - 1] == '\\')
                                                                /* XXX */
                                    cont_amount = cin_get_equal_amount(
                                                       curwin->w_cursor.lnum);
                                if (lookfor != LOOKFOR_TERM)
                                    lookfor = LOOKFOR_UNTERM;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                /*
                 * Check if we are after a while (cond);
                 * If so: Ignore until the matching "do".
                 */
                                                        /* XXX */
                else if (cin_iswhileofdo_end(terminated, ind_maxparen,
                                                              ind_maxcomment))
                {
                    /*
                     * Found an unterminated line after a while ();, line up
                     * with the last one.
                     *      while (cond);
                     *      100 +               <- line up with this one
                     * ->           here;
                     */
                    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_UNTERM
                                           || lookfor == LOOKFOR_ENUM_OR_INIT)
                    {
                        if (cont_amount > 0)
                            amount = cont_amount;
                        else
                            amount += ind_continuation;
                        break;
                    }

                    if (whilelevel == 0)
                    {
                        lookfor = LOOKFOR_TERM;
                        amount = get_indent();      /* XXX */
                        if (theline[0] == '{')
                            amount += ind_open_extra;
                    }
                    ++whilelevel;
                }

                /*
                 * We are after a "normal" statement.
                 * If we had another statement we can stop now and use the
                 * indent of that other statement.
                 * Otherwise the indent of the current statement may be used,
                 * search backwards for the next "normal" statement.
                 */
                else
                {
                    /*
                     * Skip single break line, if before a switch label. It
                     * may be lined up with the case label.
                     */
                    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_NOBREAK
                                  && cin_isbreak(skipwhite(ml_get_curline())))
                    {
                        lookfor = LOOKFOR_ANY;
                        continue;
                    }

                    /*
                     * Handle "do {" line.
                     */
                    if (whilelevel > 0)
                    {
                        l = cin_skipcomment(ml_get_curline());
                        if (cin_isdo(l))
                        {
                            amount = get_indent();      /* XXX */
                            --whilelevel;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }

                    /*
                     * Found a terminated line above an unterminated line. Add
                     * the amount for a continuation line.
                     *   x = 1;
                     *   y = foo +
                     * ->       here;
                     * or
                     *   int x = 1;
                     *   int foo,
                     * ->       here;
                     */
                    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_UNTERM
                                           || lookfor == LOOKFOR_ENUM_OR_INIT)
                    {
                        if (cont_amount > 0)
                            amount = cont_amount;
                        else
                            amount += ind_continuation;
                        break;
                    }

                    /*
                     * Found a terminated line above a terminated line or "if"
                     * etc. line. Use the amount of the line below us.
                     *   x = 1;                         x = 1;
                     *   if (asdf)                  y = 2;
                     *       while (asdf)         ->here;
                     *          here;
                     * ->foo;
                     */
                    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_TERM)
                    {
                        if (!lookfor_break && whilelevel == 0)
                            break;
                    }

                    /*
                     * First line above the one we're indenting is terminated.
                     * To know what needs to be done look further backward for
                     * a terminated line.
                     */
                    else
                    {
                        /*
                         * position the cursor over the rightmost paren, so
                         * that matching it will take us back to the start of
                         * the line.  Helps for:
                         *     func(asdr,
                         *            asdfasdf);
                         *     here;
                         */
term_again:
                        l = ml_get_curline();
                        if (find_last_paren(l, '(', ')')
                                && (trypos = find_match_paren(ind_maxparen,
                                                     ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
                        {
                            /*
                             * Check if we are on a case label now.  This is
                             * handled above.
                             *     case xx:  if ( asdf &&
                             *                      asdf)
                             */
                            curwin->w_cursor = *trypos;
                            l = ml_get_curline();
                            if (cin_iscase(l) || cin_isscopedecl(l))
                            {
                                ++curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
                                curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                                continue;
                            }
                        }

                        /* When aligning with the case statement, don't align
                         * with a statement after it.
                         *  case 1: {   <-- don't use this { position
                         *      stat;
                         *  }
                         *  case 2:
                         *      stat;
                         * }
                         */
                        iscase = (ind_keep_case_label && cin_iscase(l));

                        /*
                         * Get indent and pointer to text for current line,
                         * ignoring any jump label.
                         */
                        amount = skip_label(curwin->w_cursor.lnum,
                                                          &l, ind_maxcomment);

                        if (theline[0] == '{')
                            amount += ind_open_extra;
                        /* See remark above: "Only add ind_open_extra.." */
                        l = skipwhite(l);
                        if (*l == '{')
                            amount -= ind_open_extra;
                        lookfor = iscase ? LOOKFOR_ANY : LOOKFOR_TERM;

                        /*
                         * When a terminated line starts with "else" skip to
                         * the matching "if":
                         *       else 3;
                         *           indent this;
                         * Need to use the scope of this "else".  XXX
                         * If whilelevel != 0 continue looking for a "do {".
                         */
                        if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_TERM
                                && *l != '}'
                                && cin_iselse(l)
                                && whilelevel == 0)
                        {
                            if ((trypos = find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment))
                                                                       == NULL
                                    || find_match(LOOKFOR_IF, trypos->lnum,
                                        ind_maxparen, ind_maxcomment) == FAIL)
                                break;
                            continue;
                        }

                        /*
                         * If we're at the end of a block, skip to the start of
                         * that block.
                         */
                        curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                        if (*cin_skipcomment(l) == '}'
                                && (trypos = find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment))
                                                            != NULL) /* XXX */
                        {
                            curwin->w_cursor = *trypos;
                            /* if not "else {" check for terminated again */
                            /* but skip block for "} else {" */
                            l = cin_skipcomment(ml_get_curline());
                            if (*l == '}' || !cin_iselse(l))
                                goto term_again;
                            ++curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
                            curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
      }

      /* add extra indent for a comment */
      if (cin_iscomment(theline))
          amount += ind_comment;
    }

    /*
     * ok -- we're not inside any sort of structure at all!
     *
     * this means we're at the top level, and everything should
     * basically just match where the previous line is, except
     * for the lines immediately following a function declaration,
     * which are K&R-style parameters and need to be indented.
     */
    else
    {
        /*
         * if our line starts with an open brace, forget about any
         * prevailing indent and make sure it looks like the start
         * of a function
         */

        if (theline[0] == '{')
        {
            amount = ind_first_open;
        }

        /*
         * If the NEXT line is a function declaration, the current
         * line needs to be indented as a function type spec.
         * Don't do this if the current line looks like a comment
         * or if the current line is terminated, ie. ends in ';'.
         */
        else if (cur_curpos.lnum < curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count
                && !cin_nocode(theline)
                && !cin_ends_in(theline, (char_u *)":", NULL)
                && !cin_ends_in(theline, (char_u *)",", NULL)
                && cin_isfuncdecl(NULL, cur_curpos.lnum + 1)
                && !cin_isterminated(theline, FALSE, TRUE))
        {
            amount = ind_func_type;
        }
        else
        {
            amount = 0;
            curwin->w_cursor = cur_curpos;

            /* search backwards until we find something we recognize */

            while (curwin->w_cursor.lnum > 1)
            {
                curwin->w_cursor.lnum--;
                curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;

                l = ml_get_curline();

                /*
                 * If we're in a comment now, skip to the start of the comment.
                 */                                             /* XXX */
                if ((trypos = find_start_comment(ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
                {
                    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = trypos->lnum + 1;
                    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                    continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Are we at the start of a cpp base class declaration or
                 * constructor initialization?
                 */                                                 /* XXX */
                n = FALSE;
                if (ind_cpp_baseclass != 0 && theline[0] != '{')
                {
                    n = cin_is_cpp_baseclass(&col);
                    l = ml_get_curline();
                }
                if (n)
                {
                                                                     /* XXX */
                    amount = get_baseclass_amount(col, ind_maxparen,
                                           ind_maxcomment, ind_cpp_baseclass);
                    break;
                }

                /*
                 * Skip preprocessor directives and blank lines.
                 */
                if (cin_ispreproc_cont(&l, &curwin->w_cursor.lnum))
                    continue;

                if (cin_nocode(l))
                    continue;

                /*
                 * If the previous line ends in ',', use one level of
                 * indentation:
                 * int foo,
                 *     bar;
                 * do this before checking for '}' in case of eg.
                 * enum foobar
                 * {
                 *   ...
                 * } foo,
                 *   bar;
                 */
                n = 0;
                if (cin_ends_in(l, (char_u *)",", NULL)
                             || (*l != NUL && (n = l[STRLEN(l) - 1]) == '\\'))
                {
                    /* take us back to opening paren */
                    if (find_last_paren(l, '(', ')')
                            && (trypos = find_match_paren(ind_maxparen,
                                                     ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
                        curwin->w_cursor = *trypos;

                    /* For a line ending in ',' that is a continuation line go
                     * back to the first line with a backslash:
                     * char *foo = "bla\
                     *           bla",
                     *      here;
                     */
                    while (n == 0 && curwin->w_cursor.lnum > 1)
                    {
                        l = ml_get(curwin->w_cursor.lnum - 1);
                        if (*l == NUL || l[STRLEN(l) - 1] != '\\')
                            break;
                        --curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
                        curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
                    }

                    amount = get_indent();          /* XXX */

                    if (amount == 0)
                        amount = cin_first_id_amount();
                    if (amount == 0)
                        amount = ind_continuation;
                    break;
                }

                /*
                 * If the line looks like a function declaration, and we're
                 * not in a comment, put it the left margin.
                 */
                if (cin_isfuncdecl(NULL, cur_curpos.lnum))  /* XXX */
                    break;
                l = ml_get_curline();

                /*
                 * Finding the closing '}' of a previous function.  Put
                 * current line at the left margin.  For when 'cino' has "fs".
                 */
                if (*skipwhite(l) == '}')
                    break;

                /*                          (matching {)
                 * If the previous line ends on '};' (maybe followed by
                 * comments) align at column 0.  For example:
                 * char *string_array[] = { "foo",
                 *     / * x * / "b};ar" }; / * foobar * /
                 */
                if (cin_ends_in(l, (char_u *)"};", NULL))
                    break;

                /*
                 * If the PREVIOUS line is a function declaration, the current
                 * line (and the ones that follow) needs to be indented as
                 * parameters.
                 */
                if (cin_isfuncdecl(&l, curwin->w_cursor.lnum))
                {
                    amount = ind_param;
                    break;
                }

                /*
                 * If the previous line ends in ';' and the line before the
                 * previous line ends in ',' or '\', ident to column zero:
                 * int foo,
                 *     bar;
                 * indent_to_0 here;
                 */
                if (cin_ends_in(l, (char_u *)";", NULL))
                {
                    l = ml_get(curwin->w_cursor.lnum - 1);
                    if (cin_ends_in(l, (char_u *)",", NULL)
                            || (*l != NUL && l[STRLEN(l) - 1] == '\\'))
                        break;
                    l = ml_get_curline();
                }

                /*
                 * Doesn't look like anything interesting -- so just
                 * use the indent of this line.
                 *
                 * Position the cursor over the rightmost paren, so that
                 * matching it will take us back to the start of the line.
                 */
                find_last_paren(l, '(', ')');

                if ((trypos = find_match_paren(ind_maxparen,
                                                     ind_maxcomment)) != NULL)
                    curwin->w_cursor = *trypos;
                amount = get_indent();      /* XXX */
                break;
            }

            /* add extra indent for a comment */
            if (cin_iscomment(theline))
                amount += ind_comment;

            /* add extra indent if the previous line ended in a backslash:
             *        "asdfasdf\
             *            here";
             *      char *foo = "asdf\
             *                   here";
             */
            if (cur_curpos.lnum > 1)
            {
                l = ml_get(cur_curpos.lnum - 1);
                if (*l != NUL && l[STRLEN(l) - 1] == '\\')
                {
                    cur_amount = cin_get_equal_amount(cur_curpos.lnum - 1);
                    if (cur_amount > 0)
                        amount = cur_amount;
                    else if (cur_amount == 0)
                        amount += ind_continuation;
                }
            }
        }
    }

theend:
    /* put the cursor back where it belongs */
    curwin->w_cursor = cur_curpos;

    vim_free(linecopy);

    if (amount < 0)
        return 0;
    return amount;
}

    static int
find_match(lookfor, ourscope, ind_maxparen, ind_maxcomment)
    int         lookfor;
    linenr_T    ourscope;
    int         ind_maxparen;
    int         ind_maxcomment;
{
    char_u      *look;
    pos_T       *theirscope;
    char_u      *mightbeif;
    int         elselevel;
    int         whilelevel;

    if (lookfor == LOOKFOR_IF)
    {
        elselevel = 1;
        whilelevel = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        elselevel = 0;
        whilelevel = 1;
    }

    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;

    while (curwin->w_cursor.lnum > ourscope + 1)
    {
        curwin->w_cursor.lnum--;
        curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;

        look = cin_skipcomment(ml_get_curline());
        if (cin_iselse(look)
                || cin_isif(look)
                || cin_isdo(look)                           /* XXX */
                || cin_iswhileofdo(look, curwin->w_cursor.lnum, ind_maxparen))
        {
            /*
             * if we've gone outside the braces entirely,
             * we must be out of scope...
             */
            theirscope = find_start_brace(ind_maxcomment);  /* XXX */
            if (theirscope == NULL)
                break;

            /*
             * and if the brace enclosing this is further
             * back than the one enclosing the else, we're
             * out of luck too.
             */
            if (theirscope->lnum < ourscope)
                break;

            /*
             * and if they're enclosed in a *deeper* brace,
             * then we can ignore it because it's in a
             * different scope...
             */
            if (theirscope->lnum > ourscope)
                continue;

            /*
             * if it was an "else" (that's not an "else if")
             * then we need to go back to another if, so
             * increment elselevel
             */
            look = cin_skipcomment(ml_get_curline());
            if (cin_iselse(look))
            {
                mightbeif = cin_skipcomment(look + 4);
                if (!cin_isif(mightbeif))
                    ++elselevel;
                continue;
            }

            /*
             * if it was a "while" then we need to go back to
             * another "do", so increment whilelevel.  XXX
             */
            if (cin_iswhileofdo(look, curwin->w_cursor.lnum, ind_maxparen))
            {
                ++whilelevel;
                continue;
            }

            /* If it's an "if" decrement elselevel */
            look = cin_skipcomment(ml_get_curline());
            if (cin_isif(look))
            {
                elselevel--;
                /*
                 * When looking for an "if" ignore "while"s that
                 * get in the way.
                 */
                if (elselevel == 0 && lookfor == LOOKFOR_IF)
                    whilelevel = 0;
            }

            /* If it's a "do" decrement whilelevel */
            if (cin_isdo(look))
                whilelevel--;

            /*
             * if we've used up all the elses, then
             * this must be the if that we want!
             * match the indent level of that if.
             */
            if (elselevel <= 0 && whilelevel <= 0)
            {
                return OK;
            }
        }
    }
    return FAIL;
}

# if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Get indent level from 'indentexpr'.
 */
    int
get_expr_indent()
{
    int         indent;
    pos_T       pos;
    int         save_State;
    int         use_sandbox = was_set_insecurely((char_u *)"indentexpr",
                                                                   OPT_LOCAL);

    pos = curwin->w_cursor;
    set_vim_var_nr(VV_LNUM, curwin->w_cursor.lnum);
    if (use_sandbox)
        ++sandbox;
    ++textlock;
    indent = eval_to_number(curbuf->b_p_inde);
    if (use_sandbox)
        --sandbox;
    --textlock;

    /* Restore the cursor position so that 'indentexpr' doesn't need to.
     * Pretend to be in Insert mode, allow cursor past end of line for "o"
     * command. */
    save_State = State;
    State = INSERT;
    curwin->w_cursor = pos;
    check_cursor();
    State = save_State;

    /* If there is an error, just keep the current indent. */
    if (indent < 0)
        indent = get_indent();

    return indent;
}
# endif

#endif /* FEAT_CINDENT */

#if defined(FEAT_LISP) || defined(PROTO)

static int lisp_match __ARGS((char_u *p));

    static int
lisp_match(p)
    char_u      *p;
{
    char_u      buf[LSIZE];
    int         len;
    char_u      *word = p_lispwords;

    while (*word != NUL)
    {
        (void)copy_option_part(&word, buf, LSIZE, ",");
        len = (int)STRLEN(buf);
        if (STRNCMP(buf, p, len) == 0 && p[len] == ' ')
            return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * When 'p' is present in 'cpoptions, a Vi compatible method is used.
 * The incompatible newer method is quite a bit better at indenting
 * code in lisp-like languages than the traditional one; it's still
 * mostly heuristics however -- Dirk van Deun, dirk@rave.org
 *
 * TODO:
 * Findmatch() should be adapted for lisp, also to make showmatch
 * work correctly: now (v5.3) it seems all C/C++ oriented:
 * - it does not recognize the #\( and #\) notations as character literals
 * - it doesn't know about comments starting with a semicolon
 * - it incorrectly interprets '(' as a character literal
 * All this messes up get_lisp_indent in some rare cases.
 * Update from Sergey Khorev:
 * I tried to fix the first two issues.
 */
    int
get_lisp_indent()
{
    pos_T       *pos, realpos, paren;
    int         amount;
    char_u      *that;
    colnr_T     col;
    colnr_T     firsttry;
    int         parencount, quotecount;
    int         vi_lisp;

    /* Set vi_lisp to use the vi-compatible method */
    vi_lisp = (vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_LISP) != NULL);

    realpos = curwin->w_cursor;
    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;

    if ((pos = findmatch(NULL, '(')) == NULL)
        pos = findmatch(NULL, '[');
    else
    {
        paren = *pos;
        pos = findmatch(NULL, '[');
        if (pos == NULL || ltp(pos, &paren))
            pos = &paren;
    }
    if (pos != NULL)
    {
        /* Extra trick: Take the indent of the first previous non-white
         * line that is at the same () level. */
        amount = -1;
        parencount = 0;

        while (--curwin->w_cursor.lnum >= pos->lnum)
        {
            if (linewhite(curwin->w_cursor.lnum))
                continue;
            for (that = ml_get_curline(); *that != NUL; ++that)
            {
                if (*that == ';')
                {
                    while (*(that + 1) != NUL)
                        ++that;
                    continue;
                }
                if (*that == '\\')
                {
                    if (*(that + 1) != NUL)
                        ++that;
                    continue;
                }
                if (*that == '"' && *(that + 1) != NUL)
                {
                    while (*++that && *that != '"')
                    {
                        /* skipping escaped characters in the string */
                        if (*that == '\\')
                        {
                            if (*++that == NUL)
                                break;
                            if (that[1] == NUL)
                            {
                                ++that;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (*that == '(' || *that == '[')
                    ++parencount;
                else if (*that == ')' || *that == ']')
                    --parencount;
            }
            if (parencount == 0)
            {
                amount = get_indent();
                break;
            }
        }

        if (amount == -1)
        {
            curwin->w_cursor.lnum = pos->lnum;
            curwin->w_cursor.col = pos->col;
            col = pos->col;

            that = ml_get_curline();

            if (vi_lisp && get_indent() == 0)
                amount = 2;
            else
            {
                amount = 0;
                while (*that && col)
                {
                    amount += lbr_chartabsize_adv(&that, (colnr_T)amount);
                    col--;
                }

                /*
                 * Some keywords require "body" indenting rules (the
                 * non-standard-lisp ones are Scheme special forms):
                 *
                 * (let ((a 1))    instead    (let ((a 1))
                 *   (...))           of           (...))
                 */

                if (!vi_lisp && (*that == '(' || *that == '[')
                                                      && lisp_match(that + 1))
                    amount += 2;
                else
                {
                    that++;
                    amount++;
                    firsttry = amount;

                    while (vim_iswhite(*that))
                    {
                        amount += lbr_chartabsize(that, (colnr_T)amount);
                        ++that;
                    }

                    if (*that && *that != ';') /* not a comment line */
                    {
                        /* test *that != '(' to accommodate first let/do
                         * argument if it is more than one line */
                        if (!vi_lisp && *that != '(' && *that != '[')
                            firsttry++;

                        parencount = 0;
                        quotecount = 0;

                        if (vi_lisp
                                || (*that != '"'
                                    && *that != '\''
                                    && *that != '#'
                                    && (*that < '0' || *that > '9')))
                        {
                            while (*that
                                    && (!vim_iswhite(*that)
                                        || quotecount
                                        || parencount)
                                    && (!((*that == '(' || *that == '[')
                                            && !quotecount
                                            && !parencount
                                            && vi_lisp)))
                            {
                                if (*that == '"')
                                    quotecount = !quotecount;
                                if ((*that == '(' || *that == '[')
                                                               && !quotecount)
                                    ++parencount;
                                if ((*that == ')' || *that == ']')
                                                               && !quotecount)
                                    --parencount;
                                if (*that == '\\' && *(that+1) != NUL)
                                    amount += lbr_chartabsize_adv(&that,
                                                             (colnr_T)amount);
                                amount += lbr_chartabsize_adv(&that,
                                                             (colnr_T)amount);
                            }
                        }
                        while (vim_iswhite(*that))
                        {
                            amount += lbr_chartabsize(that, (colnr_T)amount);
                            that++;
                        }
                        if (!*that || *that == ';')
                            amount = firsttry;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else
        amount = 0;     /* no matching '(' or '[' found, use zero indent */

    curwin->w_cursor = realpos;

    return amount;
}
#endif /* FEAT_LISP */

    void
prepare_to_exit()
{
#if defined(SIGHUP) && defined(SIG_IGN)
    /* Ignore SIGHUP, because a dropped connection causes a read error, which
     * makes Vim exit and then handling SIGHUP causes various reentrance
     * problems. */
    signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
#endif

#ifdef FEAT_GUI
    if (gui.in_use)
    {
        gui.dying = TRUE;
        out_trash();    /* trash any pending output */
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        windgoto((int)Rows - 1, 0);

        /*
         * Switch terminal mode back now, so messages end up on the "normal"
         * screen (if there are two screens).
         */
        settmode(TMODE_COOK);
#ifdef WIN3264
        if (can_end_termcap_mode(FALSE) == TRUE)
#endif
            stoptermcap();
        out_flush();
    }
}

/*
 * Preserve files and exit.
 * When called IObuff must contain a message.
 */
    void
preserve_exit()
{
    buf_T       *buf;

    prepare_to_exit();

    /* Setting this will prevent free() calls.  That avoids calling free()
     * recursively when free() was invoked with a bad pointer. */
    really_exiting = TRUE;

    out_str(IObuff);
    screen_start();                 /* don't know where cursor is now */
    out_flush();

    ml_close_notmod();              /* close all not-modified buffers */

    for (buf = firstbuf; buf != NULL; buf = buf->b_next)
    {
        if (buf->b_ml.ml_mfp != NULL && buf->b_ml.ml_mfp->mf_fname != NULL)
        {
            OUT_STR(_("Vim: preserving files...\n"));
            screen_start();         /* don't know where cursor is now */
            out_flush();
            ml_sync_all(FALSE, FALSE);  /* preserve all swap files */
            break;
        }
    }

    ml_close_all(FALSE);            /* close all memfiles, without deleting */

    OUT_STR(_("Vim: Finished.\n"));

    getout(1);
}

/*
 * return TRUE if "fname" exists.
 */
    int
vim_fexists(fname)
    char_u  *fname;
{
    struct stat st;

    if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st))
        return FALSE;
    return TRUE;
}

/*
 * Check for CTRL-C pressed, but only once in a while.
 * Should be used instead of ui_breakcheck() for functions that check for
 * each line in the file.  Calling ui_breakcheck() each time takes too much
 * time, because it can be a system call.
 */

#ifndef BREAKCHECK_SKIP
# ifdef FEAT_GUI                    /* assume the GUI only runs on fast computers */
#  define BREAKCHECK_SKIP 200
# else
#  define BREAKCHECK_SKIP 32
# endif
#endif

static int      breakcheck_count = 0;

    void
line_breakcheck()
{
    if (++breakcheck_count >= BREAKCHECK_SKIP)
    {
        breakcheck_count = 0;
        ui_breakcheck();
    }
}

/*
 * Like line_breakcheck() but check 10 times less often.
 */
    void
fast_breakcheck()
{
    if (++breakcheck_count >= BREAKCHECK_SKIP * 10)
    {
        breakcheck_count = 0;
        ui_breakcheck();
    }
}

/*
 * Expand wildcards.  Calls gen_expand_wildcards() and removes files matching
 * 'wildignore'.
 * Returns OK or FAIL.
 */
    int
expand_wildcards(num_pat, pat, num_file, file, flags)
    int            num_pat;     /* number of input patterns */
    char_u       **pat;         /* array of input patterns */
    int           *num_file;    /* resulting number of files */
    char_u      ***file;        /* array of resulting files */
    int            flags;       /* EW_DIR, etc. */
{
    int         retval;
    int         i, j;
    char_u      *p;
    int         non_suf_match;  /* number without matching suffix */

    retval = gen_expand_wildcards(num_pat, pat, num_file, file, flags);

    /* When keeping all matches, return here */
    if (flags & EW_KEEPALL)
        return retval;

#ifdef FEAT_WILDIGN
    /*
     * Remove names that match 'wildignore'.
     */
    if (*p_wig)
    {
        char_u  *ffname;

        /* check all files in (*file)[] */
        for (i = 0; i < *num_file; ++i)
        {
            ffname = FullName_save((*file)[i], FALSE);
            if (ffname == NULL)         /* out of memory */
                break;
# ifdef VMS
            vms_remove_version(ffname);
# endif
            if (match_file_list(p_wig, (*file)[i], ffname))
            {
                /* remove this matching file from the list */
                vim_free((*file)[i]);
                for (j = i; j + 1 < *num_file; ++j)
                    (*file)[j] = (*file)[j + 1];
                --*num_file;
                --i;
            }
            vim_free(ffname);
        }
    }
#endif

    /*
     * Move the names where 'suffixes' match to the end.
     */
    if (*num_file > 1)
    {
        non_suf_match = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < *num_file; ++i)
        {
            if (!match_suffix((*file)[i]))
            {
                /*
                 * Move the name without matching suffix to the front
                 * of the list.
                 */
                p = (*file)[i];
                for (j = i; j > non_suf_match; --j)
                    (*file)[j] = (*file)[j - 1];
                (*file)[non_suf_match++] = p;
            }
        }
    }

    return retval;
}

/*
 * Return TRUE if "fname" matches with an entry in 'suffixes'.
 */
    int
match_suffix(fname)
    char_u      *fname;
{
    int         fnamelen, setsuflen;
    char_u      *setsuf;
#define MAXSUFLEN 30        /* maximum length of a file suffix */
    char_u      suf_buf[MAXSUFLEN];

    fnamelen = (int)STRLEN(fname);
    setsuflen = 0;
    for (setsuf = p_su; *setsuf; )
    {
        setsuflen = copy_option_part(&setsuf, suf_buf, MAXSUFLEN, ".,");
        if (fnamelen >= setsuflen
                && fnamencmp(suf_buf, fname + fnamelen - setsuflen,
                                              (size_t)setsuflen) == 0)
            break;
        setsuflen = 0;
    }
    return (setsuflen != 0);
}

#if !defined(NO_EXPANDPATH) || defined(PROTO)

# ifdef VIM_BACKTICK
static int vim_backtick __ARGS((char_u *p));
static int expand_backtick __ARGS((garray_T *gap, char_u *pat, int flags));
# endif

# if defined(MSDOS) || defined(FEAT_GUI_W16) || defined(WIN3264)
/*
 * File name expansion code for MS-DOS, Win16 and Win32.  It's here because
 * it's shared between these systems.
 */
# if defined(DJGPP) || defined(PROTO)
#  define _cdecl            /* DJGPP doesn't have this */
# else
#  ifdef __BORLANDC__
#   define _cdecl _RTLENTRYF
#  endif
# endif

/*
 * comparison function for qsort in dos_expandpath()
 */
    static int _cdecl
pstrcmp(const void *a, const void *b)
{
    return (pathcmp(*(char **)a, *(char **)b, -1));
}

# ifndef WIN3264
    static void
namelowcpy(
    char_u *d,
    char_u *s)
{
#  ifdef DJGPP
    if (USE_LONG_FNAME)     /* don't lower case on Windows 95/NT systems */
        while (*s)
            *d++ = *s++;
    else
#  endif
        while (*s)
            *d++ = TOLOWER_LOC(*s++);
    *d = NUL;
}
# endif

/*
 * Recursively expand one path component into all matching files and/or
 * directories.  Adds matches to "gap".  Handles "*", "?", "[a-z]", "**", etc.
 * Return the number of matches found.
 * "path" has backslashes before chars that are not to be expanded, starting
 * at "path[wildoff]".
 * Return the number of matches found.
 * NOTE: much of this is identical to unix_expandpath(), keep in sync!
 */
    static int
dos_expandpath(
    garray_T    *gap,
    char_u      *path,
    int         wildoff,
    int         flags,          /* EW_* flags */
    int         didstar)        /* expanded "**" once already */
{
    char_u      *buf;
    char_u      *path_end;
    char_u      *p, *s, *e;
    int         start_len = gap->ga_len;
    char_u      *pat;
    regmatch_T  regmatch;
    int         starts_with_dot;
    int         matches;
    int         len;
    int         starstar = FALSE;
    static int  stardepth = 0;      /* depth for "**" expansion */
#ifdef WIN3264
    WIN32_FIND_DATA     fb;
    HANDLE              hFind = (HANDLE)0;
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    WIN32_FIND_DATAW    wfb;
    WCHAR               *wn = NULL;     /* UCS-2 name, NULL when not used. */
# endif
#else
    struct ffblk        fb;
#endif
    char_u              *matchname;
    int                 ok;

    /* Expanding "**" may take a long time, check for CTRL-C. */
    if (stardepth > 0)
    {
        ui_breakcheck();
        if (got_int)
            return 0;
    }

    /* make room for file name */
    buf = alloc((int)STRLEN(path) + BASENAMELEN + 5);
    if (buf == NULL)
        return 0;

    /*
     * Find the first part in the path name that contains a wildcard or a ~1.
     * Copy it into buf, including the preceding characters.
     */
    p = buf;
    s = buf;
    e = NULL;
    path_end = path;
    while (*path_end != NUL)
    {
        /* May ignore a wildcard that has a backslash before it; it will
         * be removed by rem_backslash() or file_pat_to_reg_pat() below. */
        if (path_end >= path + wildoff && rem_backslash(path_end))
            *p++ = *path_end++;
        else if (*path_end == '\\' || *path_end == ':' || *path_end == '/')
        {
            if (e != NULL)
                break;
            s = p + 1;
        }
        else if (path_end >= path + wildoff
                         && vim_strchr((char_u *)"*?[~", *path_end) != NULL)
            e = p;
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        if (has_mbyte)
        {
            len = (*mb_ptr2len)(path_end);
            STRNCPY(p, path_end, len);
            p += len;
            path_end += len;
        }
        else
#endif
            *p++ = *path_end++;
    }
    e = p;
    *e = NUL;

    /* now we have one wildcard component between s and e */
    /* Remove backslashes between "wildoff" and the start of the wildcard
     * component. */
    for (p = buf + wildoff; p < s; ++p)
        if (rem_backslash(p))
        {
            STRMOVE(p, p + 1);
            --e;
            --s;
        }

    /* Check for "**" between "s" and "e". */
    for (p = s; p < e; ++p)
        if (p[0] == '*' && p[1] == '*')
            starstar = TRUE;

    starts_with_dot = (*s == '.');
    pat = file_pat_to_reg_pat(s, e, NULL, FALSE);
    if (pat == NULL)
    {
        vim_free(buf);
        return 0;
    }

    /* compile the regexp into a program */
    regmatch.rm_ic = TRUE;              /* Always ignore case */
    regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(pat, RE_MAGIC);
    vim_free(pat);

    if (regmatch.regprog == NULL)
    {
        vim_free(buf);
        return 0;
    }

    /* remember the pattern or file name being looked for */
    matchname = vim_strsave(s);

    /* If "**" is by itself, this is the first time we encounter it and more
     * is following then find matches without any directory. */
    if (!didstar && stardepth < 100 && starstar && e - s == 2
                                                          && *path_end == '/')
    {
        STRCPY(s, path_end + 1);
        ++stardepth;
        (void)dos_expandpath(gap, buf, (int)(s - buf), flags, TRUE);
        --stardepth;
    }

    /* Scan all files in the directory with "dir/ *.*" */
    STRCPY(s, "*.*");
#ifdef WIN3264
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    if (enc_codepage >= 0 && (int)GetACP() != enc_codepage)
    {
        /* The active codepage differs from 'encoding'.  Attempt using the
         * wide function.  If it fails because it is not implemented fall back
         * to the non-wide version (for Windows 98) */
        wn = enc_to_utf16(buf, NULL);
        if (wn != NULL)
        {
            hFind = FindFirstFileW(wn, &wfb);
            if (hFind == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
                              && GetLastError() == ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
            {
                vim_free(wn);
                wn = NULL;
            }
        }
    }

    if (wn == NULL)
# endif
        hFind = FindFirstFile(buf, &fb);
    ok = (hFind != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
#else
    /* If we are expanding wildcards we try both files and directories */
    ok = (findfirst((char *)buf, &fb,
                (*path_end != NUL || (flags & EW_DIR)) ? FA_DIREC : 0) == 0);
#endif

    while (ok)
    {
#ifdef WIN3264
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        if (wn != NULL)
            p = utf16_to_enc(wfb.cFileName, NULL);   /* p is allocated here */
        else
# endif
            p = (char_u *)fb.cFileName;
#else
        p = (char_u *)fb.ff_name;
#endif
        /* Ignore entries starting with a dot, unless when asked for.  Accept
         * all entries found with "matchname". */
        if ((p[0] != '.' || starts_with_dot)
                && (matchname == NULL
                    || vim_regexec(&regmatch, p, (colnr_T)0)))
        {
#ifdef WIN3264
            STRCPY(s, p);
#else
            namelowcpy(s, p);
#endif
            len = (int)STRLEN(buf);

            if (starstar && stardepth < 100)
            {
                /* For "**" in the pattern first go deeper in the tree to
                 * find matches. */
                STRCPY(buf + len, "/**");
                STRCPY(buf + len + 3, path_end);
                ++stardepth;
                (void)dos_expandpath(gap, buf, len + 1, flags, TRUE);
                --stardepth;
            }

            STRCPY(buf + len, path_end);
            if (mch_has_exp_wildcard(path_end))
            {
                /* need to expand another component of the path */
                /* remove backslashes for the remaining components only */
                (void)dos_expandpath(gap, buf, len + 1, flags, FALSE);
            }
            else
            {
                /* no more wildcards, check if there is a match */
                /* remove backslashes for the remaining components only */
                if (*path_end != 0)
                    backslash_halve(buf + len + 1);
                if (mch_getperm(buf) >= 0)      /* add existing file */
                    addfile(gap, buf, flags);
            }
        }

#ifdef WIN3264
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        if (wn != NULL)
        {
            vim_free(p);
            ok = FindNextFileW(hFind, &wfb);
        }
        else
# endif
            ok = FindNextFile(hFind, &fb);
#else
        ok = (findnext(&fb) == 0);
#endif

        /* If no more matches and no match was used, try expanding the name
         * itself.  Finds the long name of a short filename. */
        if (!ok && matchname != NULL && gap->ga_len == start_len)
        {
            STRCPY(s, matchname);
#ifdef WIN3264
            FindClose(hFind);
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
            if (wn != NULL)
            {
                vim_free(wn);
                wn = enc_to_utf16(buf, NULL);
                if (wn != NULL)
                    hFind = FindFirstFileW(wn, &wfb);
            }
            if (wn == NULL)
# endif
                hFind = FindFirstFile(buf, &fb);
            ok = (hFind != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
#else
            ok = (findfirst((char *)buf, &fb,
                 (*path_end != NUL || (flags & EW_DIR)) ? FA_DIREC : 0) == 0);
#endif
            vim_free(matchname);
            matchname = NULL;
        }
    }

#ifdef WIN3264
    FindClose(hFind);
# ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    vim_free(wn);
# endif
#endif
    vim_free(buf);
    vim_free(regmatch.regprog);
    vim_free(matchname);

    matches = gap->ga_len - start_len;
    if (matches > 0)
        qsort(((char_u **)gap->ga_data) + start_len, (size_t)matches,
                                                   sizeof(char_u *), pstrcmp);
    return matches;
}

    int
mch_expandpath(
    garray_T    *gap,
    char_u      *path,
    int         flags)          /* EW_* flags */
{
    return dos_expandpath(gap, path, 0, flags, FALSE);
}
# endif /* MSDOS || FEAT_GUI_W16 || WIN3264 */

#if (defined(UNIX) && !defined(VMS)) || defined(USE_UNIXFILENAME) \
        || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * Unix style wildcard expansion code.
 * It's here because it's used both for Unix and Mac.
 */
static int      pstrcmp __ARGS((const void *, const void *));

    static int
pstrcmp(a, b)
    const void *a, *b;
{
    return (pathcmp(*(char **)a, *(char **)b, -1));
}

/*
 * Recursively expand one path component into all matching files and/or
 * directories.  Adds matches to "gap".  Handles "*", "?", "[a-z]", "**", etc.
 * "path" has backslashes before chars that are not to be expanded, starting
 * at "path + wildoff".
 * Return the number of matches found.
 * NOTE: much of this is identical to dos_expandpath(), keep in sync!
 */
    int
unix_expandpath(gap, path, wildoff, flags, didstar)
    garray_T    *gap;
    char_u      *path;
    int         wildoff;
    int         flags;          /* EW_* flags */
    int         didstar;        /* expanded "**" once already */
{
    char_u      *buf;
    char_u      *path_end;
    char_u      *p, *s, *e;
    int         start_len = gap->ga_len;
    char_u      *pat;
    regmatch_T  regmatch;
    int         starts_with_dot;
    int         matches;
    int         len;
    int         starstar = FALSE;
    static int  stardepth = 0;      /* depth for "**" expansion */

    DIR         *dirp;
    struct dirent *dp;

    /* Expanding "**" may take a long time, check for CTRL-C. */
    if (stardepth > 0)
    {
        ui_breakcheck();
        if (got_int)
            return 0;
    }

    /* make room for file name */
    buf = alloc((int)STRLEN(path) + BASENAMELEN + 5);
    if (buf == NULL)
        return 0;

    /*
     * Find the first part in the path name that contains a wildcard.
     * Copy it into "buf", including the preceding characters.
     */
    p = buf;
    s = buf;
    e = NULL;
    path_end = path;
    while (*path_end != NUL)
    {
        /* May ignore a wildcard that has a backslash before it; it will
         * be removed by rem_backslash() or file_pat_to_reg_pat() below. */
        if (path_end >= path + wildoff && rem_backslash(path_end))
            *p++ = *path_end++;
        else if (*path_end == '/')
        {
            if (e != NULL)
                break;
            s = p + 1;
        }
        else if (path_end >= path + wildoff
                         && vim_strchr((char_u *)"*?[{~$", *path_end) != NULL)
            e = p;
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
        if (has_mbyte)
        {
            len = (*mb_ptr2len)(path_end);
            STRNCPY(p, path_end, len);
            p += len;
            path_end += len;
        }
        else
#endif
            *p++ = *path_end++;
    }
    e = p;
    *e = NUL;

    /* now we have one wildcard component between "s" and "e" */
    /* Remove backslashes between "wildoff" and the start of the wildcard
     * component. */
    for (p = buf + wildoff; p < s; ++p)
        if (rem_backslash(p))
        {
            STRMOVE(p, p + 1);
            --e;
            --s;
        }

    /* Check for "**" between "s" and "e". */
    for (p = s; p < e; ++p)
        if (p[0] == '*' && p[1] == '*')
            starstar = TRUE;

    /* convert the file pattern to a regexp pattern */
    starts_with_dot = (*s == '.');
    pat = file_pat_to_reg_pat(s, e, NULL, FALSE);
    if (pat == NULL)
    {
        vim_free(buf);
        return 0;
    }

    /* compile the regexp into a program */
#ifdef CASE_INSENSITIVE_FILENAME
    regmatch.rm_ic = TRUE;              /* Behave like Terminal.app */
#else
    regmatch.rm_ic = FALSE;             /* Don't ever ignore case */
#endif
    regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(pat, RE_MAGIC);
    vim_free(pat);

    if (regmatch.regprog == NULL)
    {
        vim_free(buf);
        return 0;
    }

    /* If "**" is by itself, this is the first time we encounter it and more
     * is following then find matches without any directory. */
    if (!didstar && stardepth < 100 && starstar && e - s == 2
                                                          && *path_end == '/')
    {
        STRCPY(s, path_end + 1);
        ++stardepth;
        (void)unix_expandpath(gap, buf, (int)(s - buf), flags, TRUE);
        --stardepth;
    }

    /* open the directory for scanning */
    *s = NUL;
    dirp = opendir(*buf == NUL ? "." : (char *)buf);

    /* Find all matching entries */
    if (dirp != NULL)
    {
        for (;;)
        {
            dp = readdir(dirp);
            if (dp == NULL)
                break;
            if ((dp->d_name[0] != '.' || starts_with_dot)
                    && vim_regexec(&regmatch, (char_u *)dp->d_name, (colnr_T)0))
            {
                STRCPY(s, dp->d_name);
                len = STRLEN(buf);

                if (starstar && stardepth < 100)
                {
                    /* For "**" in the pattern first go deeper in the tree to
                     * find matches. */
                    STRCPY(buf + len, "/**");
                    STRCPY(buf + len + 3, path_end);
                    ++stardepth;
                    (void)unix_expandpath(gap, buf, len + 1, flags, TRUE);
                    --stardepth;
                }

                STRCPY(buf + len, path_end);
                if (mch_has_exp_wildcard(path_end)) /* handle more wildcards */
                {
                    /* need to expand another component of the path */
                    /* remove backslashes for the remaining components only */
                    (void)unix_expandpath(gap, buf, len + 1, flags, FALSE);
                }
                else
                {
                    /* no more wildcards, check if there is a match */
                    /* remove backslashes for the remaining components only */
                    if (*path_end != NUL)
                        backslash_halve(buf + len + 1);
                    if (mch_getperm(buf) >= 0)  /* add existing file */
                    {
#ifdef MACOS_CONVERT
                        size_t precomp_len = STRLEN(buf)+1;
                        char_u *precomp_buf =
                            mac_precompose_path(buf, precomp_len, &precomp_len);

                        if (precomp_buf)
                        {
                            mch_memmove(buf, precomp_buf, precomp_len);
                            vim_free(precomp_buf);
                        }
#endif
                        addfile(gap, buf, flags);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        closedir(dirp);
    }

    vim_free(buf);
    vim_free(regmatch.regprog);

    matches = gap->ga_len - start_len;
    if (matches > 0)
        qsort(((char_u **)gap->ga_data) + start_len, matches,
                                                   sizeof(char_u *), pstrcmp);
    return matches;
}
#endif

/*
 * Generic wildcard expansion code.
 *
 * Characters in "pat" that should not be expanded must be preceded with a
 * backslash. E.g., "/path\ with\ spaces/my\*star*"
 *
 * Return FAIL when no single file was found.  In this case "num_file" is not
 * set, and "file" may contain an error message.
 * Return OK when some files found.  "num_file" is set to the number of
 * matches, "file" to the array of matches.  Call FreeWild() later.
 */
    int
gen_expand_wildcards(num_pat, pat, num_file, file, flags)
    int         num_pat;        /* number of input patterns */
    char_u      **pat;          /* array of input patterns */
    int         *num_file;      /* resulting number of files */
    char_u      ***file;        /* array of resulting files */
    int         flags;          /* EW_* flags */
{
    int                 i;
    garray_T            ga;
    char_u              *p;
    static int          recursive = FALSE;
    int                 add_pat;

    /*
     * expand_env() is called to expand things like "~user".  If this fails,
     * it calls ExpandOne(), which brings us back here.  In this case, always
     * call the machine specific expansion function, if possible.  Otherwise,
     * return FAIL.
     */
    if (recursive)
#ifdef SPECIAL_WILDCHAR
        return mch_expand_wildcards(num_pat, pat, num_file, file, flags);
#else
        return FAIL;
#endif

#ifdef SPECIAL_WILDCHAR
    /*
     * If there are any special wildcard characters which we cannot handle
     * here, call machine specific function for all the expansion.  This
     * avoids starting the shell for each argument separately.
     * For `=expr` do use the internal function.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < num_pat; i++)
    {
        if (vim_strpbrk(pat[i], (char_u *)SPECIAL_WILDCHAR) != NULL
# ifdef VIM_BACKTICK
                && !(vim_backtick(pat[i]) && pat[i][1] == '=')
# endif
           )
            return mch_expand_wildcards(num_pat, pat, num_file, file, flags);
    }
#endif

    recursive = TRUE;

    /*
     * The matching file names are stored in a growarray.  Init it empty.
     */
    ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char_u *), 30);

    for (i = 0; i < num_pat; ++i)
    {
        add_pat = -1;
        p = pat[i];

#ifdef VIM_BACKTICK
        if (vim_backtick(p))
            add_pat = expand_backtick(&ga, p, flags);
        else
#endif
        {
            /*
             * First expand environment variables, "~/" and "~user/".
             */
            if (vim_strpbrk(p, (char_u *)"$~") != NULL)
            {
                p = expand_env_save_opt(p, TRUE);
                if (p == NULL)
                    p = pat[i];
#ifdef UNIX
                /*
                 * On Unix, if expand_env() can't expand an environment
                 * variable, use the shell to do that.  Discard previously
                 * found file names and start all over again.
                 */
                else if (vim_strpbrk(p, (char_u *)"$~") != NULL)
                {
                    vim_free(p);
                    ga_clear(&ga);
                    i = mch_expand_wildcards(num_pat, pat, num_file, file,
                                                                       flags);
                    recursive = FALSE;
                    return i;
                }
#endif
            }

            /*
             * If there are wildcards: Expand file names and add each match to
             * the list.  If there is no match, and EW_NOTFOUND is given, add
             * the pattern.
             * If there are no wildcards: Add the file name if it exists or
             * when EW_NOTFOUND is given.
             */
            if (mch_has_exp_wildcard(p))
                add_pat = mch_expandpath(&ga, p, flags);
        }

        if (add_pat == -1 || (add_pat == 0 && (flags & EW_NOTFOUND)))
        {
            char_u      *t = backslash_halve_save(p);

#if defined(MACOS_CLASSIC)
            slash_to_colon(t);
#endif
            /* When EW_NOTFOUND is used, always add files and dirs.  Makes
             * "vim c:/" work. */
            if (flags & EW_NOTFOUND)
                addfile(&ga, t, flags | EW_DIR | EW_FILE);
            else if (mch_getperm(t) >= 0)
                addfile(&ga, t, flags);
            vim_free(t);
        }

        if (p != pat[i])
            vim_free(p);
    }

    *num_file = ga.ga_len;
    *file = (ga.ga_data != NULL) ? (char_u **)ga.ga_data : (char_u **)"";

    recursive = FALSE;

    return (ga.ga_data != NULL) ? OK : FAIL;
}

# ifdef VIM_BACKTICK

/*
 * Return TRUE if we can expand this backtick thing here.
 */
    static int
vim_backtick(p)
    char_u      *p;
{
    return (*p == '`' && *(p + 1) != NUL && *(p + STRLEN(p) - 1) == '`');
}

/*
 * Expand an item in `backticks` by executing it as a command.
 * Currently only works when pat[] starts and ends with a `.
 * Returns number of file names found.
 */
    static int
expand_backtick(gap, pat, flags)
    garray_T    *gap;
    char_u      *pat;
    int         flags;  /* EW_* flags */
{
    char_u      *p;
    char_u      *cmd;
    char_u      *buffer;
    int         cnt = 0;
    int         i;

    /* Create the command: lop off the backticks. */
    cmd = vim_strnsave(pat + 1, (int)STRLEN(pat) - 2);
    if (cmd == NULL)
        return 0;

#ifdef FEAT_EVAL
    if (*cmd == '=')        /* `={expr}`: Expand expression */
        buffer = eval_to_string(cmd + 1, &p, TRUE);
    else
#endif
        buffer = get_cmd_output(cmd, NULL,
                                      (flags & EW_SILENT) ? SHELL_SILENT : 0);
    vim_free(cmd);
    if (buffer == NULL)
        return 0;

    cmd = buffer;
    while (*cmd != NUL)
    {
        cmd = skipwhite(cmd);           /* skip over white space */
        p = cmd;
        while (*p != NUL && *p != '\r' && *p != '\n') /* skip over entry */
            ++p;
        /* add an entry if it is not empty */
        if (p > cmd)
        {
            i = *p;
            *p = NUL;
            addfile(gap, cmd, flags);
            *p = i;
            ++cnt;
        }
        cmd = p;
        while (*cmd != NUL && (*cmd == '\r' || *cmd == '\n'))
            ++cmd;
    }

    vim_free(buffer);
    return cnt;
}
# endif /* VIM_BACKTICK */

/*
 * Add a file to a file list.  Accepted flags:
 * EW_DIR       add directories
 * EW_FILE      add files
 * EW_EXEC      add executable files
 * EW_NOTFOUND  add even when it doesn't exist
 * EW_ADDSLASH  add slash after directory name
 */
    void
addfile(gap, f, flags)
    garray_T    *gap;
    char_u      *f;     /* filename */
    int         flags;
{
    char_u      *p;
    int         isdir;

    /* if the file/dir doesn't exist, may not add it */
    if (!(flags & EW_NOTFOUND) && mch_getperm(f) < 0)
        return;

#ifdef FNAME_ILLEGAL
    /* if the file/dir contains illegal characters, don't add it */
    if (vim_strpbrk(f, (char_u *)FNAME_ILLEGAL) != NULL)
        return;
#endif

    isdir = mch_isdir(f);
    if ((isdir && !(flags & EW_DIR)) || (!isdir && !(flags & EW_FILE)))
        return;

    /* If the file isn't executable, may not add it.  Do accept directories. */
    if (!isdir && (flags & EW_EXEC) && !mch_can_exe(f))
        return;

    /* Make room for another item in the file list. */
    if (ga_grow(gap, 1) == FAIL)
        return;

    p = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(f) + 1 + isdir));
    if (p == NULL)
        return;

    STRCPY(p, f);
#ifdef BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME
    slash_adjust(p);
#endif
    /*
     * Append a slash or backslash after directory names if none is present.
     */
#ifndef DONT_ADD_PATHSEP_TO_DIR
    if (isdir && (flags & EW_ADDSLASH))
        add_pathsep(p);
#endif
    ((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len++] = p;
}
#endif /* !NO_EXPANDPATH */

#if defined(VIM_BACKTICK) || defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)

#ifndef SEEK_SET
# define SEEK_SET 0
#endif
#ifndef SEEK_END
# define SEEK_END 2
#endif

/*
 * Get the stdout of an external command.
 * Returns an allocated string, or NULL for error.
 */
    char_u *
get_cmd_output(cmd, infile, flags)
    char_u      *cmd;
    char_u      *infile;        /* optional input file name */
    int         flags;          /* can be SHELL_SILENT */
{
    char_u      *tempname;
    char_u      *command;
    char_u      *buffer = NULL;
    int         len;
    int         i = 0;
    FILE        *fd;

    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
        return NULL;

    /* get a name for the temp file */
    if ((tempname = vim_tempname('o')) == NULL)
    {
        EMSG(_(e_notmp));
        return NULL;
    }

    /* Add the redirection stuff */
    command = make_filter_cmd(cmd, infile, tempname);
    if (command == NULL)
        goto done;

    /*
     * Call the shell to execute the command (errors are ignored).
     * Don't check timestamps here.
     */
    ++no_check_timestamps;
    call_shell(command, SHELL_DOOUT | SHELL_EXPAND | flags);
    --no_check_timestamps;

    vim_free(command);

    /*
     * read the names from the file into memory
     */
# ifdef VMS
    /* created temporary file is not always readable as binary */
    fd = mch_fopen((char *)tempname, "r");
# else
    fd = mch_fopen((char *)tempname, READBIN);
# endif

    if (fd == NULL)
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_notopen), tempname);
        goto done;
    }

    fseek(fd, 0L, SEEK_END);
    len = ftell(fd);                /* get size of temp file */
    fseek(fd, 0L, SEEK_SET);

    buffer = alloc(len + 1);
    if (buffer != NULL)
        i = (int)fread((char *)buffer, (size_t)1, (size_t)len, fd);
    fclose(fd);
    mch_remove(tempname);
    if (buffer == NULL)
        goto done;
#ifdef VMS
    len = i;    /* VMS doesn't give us what we asked for... */
#endif
    if (i != len)
    {
        EMSG2(_(e_notread), tempname);
        vim_free(buffer);
        buffer = NULL;
    }
    else
        buffer[len] = '\0';     /* make sure the buffer is terminated */

done:
    vim_free(tempname);
    return buffer;
}
#endif

/*
 * Free the list of files returned by expand_wildcards() or other expansion
 * functions.
 */
    void
FreeWild(count, files)
    int     count;
    char_u  **files;
{
    if (count <= 0 || files == NULL)
        return;
#if defined(__EMX__) && defined(__ALWAYS_HAS_TRAILING_NULL_POINTER) /* XXX */
    /*
     * Is this still OK for when other functions than expand_wildcards() have
     * been used???
     */
    _fnexplodefree((char **)files);
#else
    while (count--)
        vim_free(files[count]);
    vim_free(files);
#endif
}

/*
 * return TRUE when need to go to Insert mode because of 'insertmode'.
 * Don't do this when still processing a command or a mapping.
 * Don't do this when inside a ":normal" command.
 */
    int
goto_im()
{
    return (p_im && stuff_empty() && typebuf_typed());
}