1 *tabpage.txt* For Vim version 7.0. Last change: 2006 May 02
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
7 Editing with windows in multiple tab pages. *tab-page* *tabpage*
9 The commands which have been added to use multiple tab pages are explained
10 here. Additionally, there are explanations for commands that work differently
11 when used in combination with more than one tab page.
13 1. Introduction |tab-page-intro|
14 2. Commands |tab-page-commands|
15 3. Other items |tab-page-other|
16 4. Setting 'tabline' |setting-tabline|
17 5. Setting 'guitablabel' |setting-guitablabel|
19 {Vi does not have any of these commands}
20 {not able to use multiple tab pages when the |+windows| feature was disabled
23 ==============================================================================
24 1. Introduction *tab-page-intro*
26 A tab page holds one or more windows. You can easily switch between tab
27 pages, so that you have several collections of windows to work on different
30 Usually you will see a list of labels at the top of the Vim window, one for
31 each tab page. With the mouse you can click on the label to jump to that tab
32 page. There are other ways to move between tab pages, see below.
34 Most commands work only in the current tab page. That includes the |CTRL-W|
35 commands, |:windo|, |:all| and |:ball| (when not using the |:tab| modifier).
36 The commands that are aware of other tab pages than the current one are
39 Tabs are also a nice way to edit a buffer temporarily without changing the
40 current window layout. Open a new tab page, do whatever you want to do and
43 ==============================================================================
44 2. Commands *tab-page-commands*
46 OPENING A NEW TAB PAGE:
48 When starting Vim "vim -p filename ..." opens each file argument in a separate
49 tab page (up to 'tabpagemax'). |-p|
51 A double click with the mouse in the non-GUI tab pages line opens a new, empty
52 tab page. It is placed left of the position of the click. The first click
53 may select another tab page first, causing an extra screen update.
55 This also works in a few GUI versions, esp. Win32 and Motif. But only when
56 clicking right of the labels.
58 In the GUI tab pages line you can use the right mouse button to open menu.
61 :tabe[dit] *:tabe* *:tabedit* *:tabnew*
62 :tabnew Open a new tab page with an empty window, after the current
65 :tabe[dit] [++opt] [+cmd] {file}
66 :tabnew [++opt] [+cmd] {file}
67 Open a new tab page and edit {file}, like with |:edit|.
69 :tabf[ind] [++opt] [+cmd] {file} *:tabf* *:tabfind*
70 Open a new tab page and edit {file} in 'path', like with
72 {not available when the |+file_in_path| feature was disabled
75 :[count]tab {cmd} *:tab*
76 Execute {cmd} and when it opens a new window open a new tab
77 page instead. Doesn't work for |:diffsplit| or |:diffpatch|.
78 When [count] is omitted the tab page appears after the current
79 one. When [count] is specified the new tab page comes after
80 tab page [count]. Use ":0tab cmd" to get the new tab page as
81 the first one. Examples: >
82 :tab split " opens current buffer in new tab page
83 :tab help gt " opens tab page with help for "gt"
85 CTRL-W gf Open a new tab page and edit the file name under the cursor.
88 CTRL-W gF Open a new tab page and edit the file name under the cursor
89 and jump to the line number following the file name.
94 Closing the last window of a tab page closes the tab page too, unless there is
97 Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in the "X" at
98 the top right to close the current tab page. A custom |'tabline'| may show
102 :tabc[lose][!] Close current tab page.
103 This command fails when:
104 - There is only one tab page on the screen. *E784*
105 - When 'hidden' is not set, [!] is not used, a buffer has
106 changes, and there is no other window on this buffer.
107 Changes to the buffer are not written and won't get lost, so
108 this is a "safe" command.
110 :tabc[lose][!] {count}
111 Close tab page {count}. Fails in the same way as ':tabclose"
115 :tabo[nly][!] Close all other tab pages.
116 When the 'hidden' option is set, all buffers in closed windows
118 When 'hidden' is not set, and the 'autowrite' option is set,
119 modified buffers are written. Otherwise, windows that have
120 buffers that are modified are not removed, unless the [!] is
121 given, then they become hidden. But modified buffers are
122 never abandoned, so changes cannot get lost.
125 SWITCHING TO ANOTHER TAB PAGE:
127 Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in a tab page
128 label to switch to that tab page. Click where there is no label to go to the
129 next tab page. |'tabline'|
131 :tabn[ext] *:tabn* *:tabnext* *gt*
132 gt *CTRL-<PageDown>* *<C-PageDown>*
133 <C-PageDown> *i_CTRL-<PageDown>* *i_<C-PageDown>*
134 Go to the next tab page. Wraps around from the last to the
137 :tabn[ext] {count} *CTRL-<PageUp>* *<C-PageUp>*
138 {count}gt *i_CTRL-<PageUp>* *i_<C-PageUp>*
139 <C-PageUp> Go to tab page {count}. The first tab page has number one.
142 :tabp[revious] *:tabp* *:tabprevious* *gT*
143 :tabN[ext] *:tabN* *:tabNext*
144 gT Go to the previous tab page. Wraps around from the first one
147 :tabp[revious] {count}
149 {count}gT Go {count} tab pages back. Wraps around from the first one
152 :tabr[ewind] *:tabfir* *:tabfirst* *:tabr* *:tabrewind*
153 :tabfir[st] Go to the first tab page.
156 :tabl[ast] Go to the last tab page.
161 :tabs List the tab pages and the windows they contain.
162 Shows a ">" for the current window.
163 Shows a "+" for modified buffers.
166 REORDERING TAB PAGES:
168 :tabm[ove] [N] *:tabm* *:tabmove*
169 Move the current tab page to after tab page N. Use zero to
170 make the current tab page the first one. Without N the tab
171 page is made the last one.
174 LOOPING OVER TAB PAGES:
177 :tabd[o] {cmd} Execute {cmd} in each tab page.
178 It works like doing this: >
184 < This only operates in the current window of each tab page.
185 When an error is detected on one tab page, further tab pages
187 The last tab page (or where an error occurred) becomes the
189 {cmd} can contain '|' to concatenate several commands.
190 {cmd} must not open or close tab pages or reorder them.
191 {not in Vi} {not available when compiled without the
193 Also see |:windo|, |:argdo| and |:bufdo|.
195 ==============================================================================
196 3. Other items *tab-page-other*
199 The GUI tab pages line has a popup menu. It is accessed with a right click.
201 Close Close the tab page under the mouse pointer. The
202 current one if there is no label under the mouse
204 New Tab Open a tab page, editing an empty buffer. It appears
205 to the left of the mouse pointer.
206 Open Tab... Like "New Tab" and additionaly use a file selector to
207 select a file to edit.
209 Diff mode works per tab page. You can see the diffs between several files
210 within one tab page. Other tab pages can show differences between other
213 Variables local to a tab page start with "t:". |tabpage-variable|
215 Currently there is only one option local to a tab page: 'cmdheight'.
217 The TabLeave and TabEnter autocommand events can be used to do something when
218 switching from one tab page to another. The exact order depends on what you
219 are doing. When creating a new tab page this works as if you create a new
220 window on the same buffer and then edit another buffer. Thus ":tabnew"
222 WinLeave leave current window
223 TabLeave leave current tab page
224 TabEnter enter new tab page
225 WinEnter enter window in new tab page
226 BufLeave leave current buffer
227 BufEnter enter new empty buffer
229 When switching to another tab page the order is:
237 ==============================================================================
238 4. Setting 'tabline' *setting-tabline*
240 The 'tabline' option specifies what the line with tab pages labels looks like.
241 It is only used when there is no GUI tab line.
243 You can use the 'showtabline' option to specify when you want the line with
244 tab page labels to appear: never, when there is more than one tab page or
247 The highlighting of the tab pages line is set with the groups TabLine
248 TabLineSel and TabLineFill. |hl-TabLine| |hl-TabLineSel| |hl-TabLineFill|
250 The 'tabline' option allows you to define your preferred way to tab pages
251 labels. This isn't easy, thus an example will be given here.
253 For basics see the 'statusline' option. The same items can be used in the
254 'tabline' option. Additionally, the |tabpagebuflist()|, |tabpagenr()| and
255 |tabpagewinnr()| functions are useful.
257 Since the number of tab labels will vary, you need to use an expresion for the
258 whole option. Something like: >
259 :set tabline=%!MyTabLine()
261 Then define the MyTabLine() function to list all the tab pages labels. A
262 convenient method is to split it in two parts: First go over all the tab
263 pages and define labels for them. Then get the label for each tab page. >
267 for i in range(tabpagenr('$'))
268 " select the highlighting
269 if i + 1 == tabpagenr()
270 let s .= '%#TabLineSel#'
272 let s .= '%#TabLine#'
275 " set the tab page number (for mouse clicks)
276 let s .= '%' . (i + 1) . 'T'
278 " the label is made by MyTabLabel()
279 let s .= ' %{MyTabLabel(' . (i + 1) . ')} '
282 " after the last tab fill with TabLineFill and reset tab page nr
283 let s .= '%#TabLineFill#%T'
285 " right-align the label to close the current tab page
286 if tabpagenr('$') > 1
287 let s .= '%=%#TabLine#%999Xclose'
293 Now the MyTabLabel() function is called for each tab page to get its label. >
295 function MyTabLabel(n)
296 let buflist = tabpagebuflist(a:n)
297 let winnr = tabpagewinnr(a:n)
298 return bufname(buflist[winnr - 1])
301 This is just a simplistic example that results in a tab pages line that
302 resembles the default, but without adding a + for a modified buffer or
303 trunctating the names. You will want to reduce the width of labels in a
304 clever way when there is not enough room. Check the 'columns' option for the
307 ==============================================================================
308 5. Setting 'guitablabel' *setting-guitablabel*
310 When the GUI tab pages line is displayed, 'guitablabel' can be used to
311 specify the label to display for each tab page. Unlike 'tabline', which
312 specifies the whole tab pages line at once, 'guitablabel' is used for each
315 'guitabtooltip' is very similar and is used for the tooltip of the same label.
316 This only appears when the mouse pointer hovers over the label, thus it
317 usually is longer. Only supported on some systems though.
319 See the 'statusline' option for the format of the value.
321 The "%N" item can be used for the current tab page number. The |v:lnum|
322 variable is also set to this number when the option is evaluated.
323 The items that use a file name refer to the current window of the tab page.
325 Note that syntax highlighting is not used for the option. The %T and %X
326 items are also ignored.
328 A simple example that puts the tab page number and the buffer name in the
330 :set guitablabel=%N\ %f
332 An example that resembles the default 'guitablabel': Show the number of
333 windows in the tab page and a '+' if there is a modifed buffer: >
335 function GuiTabLabel()
337 let bufnrlist = tabpagebuflist(v:lnum)
339 " Add '+' if one of the buffers in the tab page is modified
340 for bufnr in bufnrlist
341 if getbufvar(bufnr, "&modified")
347 " Append the number of windows in the tab page if more than one
348 let wincount = tabpagewinnr(v:lnum, '$')
350 let label .= wincount
356 " Append the buffer name
357 return label . bufname(bufnrlist[tabpagewinnr(v:lnum) - 1])
360 set guitablabel=%{GuiTabLabel()}
362 Note that the function must be defined before setting the option, otherwise
363 you get an error message for the function not being known.
365 If you want to fall back to the default label, return an empty string.
367 If you want to show something specific for a tab page, you might want to use a
368 tab page local variable. |t:var|
371 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: