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1 // Set implementation -*- C++ -*-
3 // Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
4 // Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 //
6 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free
7 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
8 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
9 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
10 // any later version.
12 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 // GNU General Public License for more details.
17 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
18 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
19 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
21 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
22 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
23 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see
24 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
28 * Copyright (c) 1994
29 * Hewlett-Packard Company
31 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
32 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
33 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
34 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
35 * in supporting documentation. Hewlett-Packard Company makes no
36 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
37 * purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
40 * Copyright (c) 1996,1997
41 * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
43 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
44 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
45 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
46 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
47 * in supporting documentation. Silicon Graphics makes no
48 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
49 * purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
52 /** @file stl_set.h
53 * This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
54 * You should not attempt to use it directly.
57 #ifndef _STL_SET_H
58 #define _STL_SET_H 1
60 #include <bits/concept_check.h>
61 #include <initializer_list>
63 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NESTED_NAMESPACE(std, _GLIBCXX_STD_D)
65 /**
66 * @brief A standard container made up of unique keys, which can be
67 * retrieved in logarithmic time.
69 * @ingroup associative_containers
71 * Meets the requirements of a <a href="tables.html#65">container</a>, a
72 * <a href="tables.html#66">reversible container</a>, and an
73 * <a href="tables.html#69">associative container</a> (using unique keys).
75 * Sets support bidirectional iterators.
77 * @param Key Type of key objects.
78 * @param Compare Comparison function object type, defaults to less<Key>.
79 * @param Alloc Allocator type, defaults to allocator<Key>.
81 * The private tree data is declared exactly the same way for set and
82 * multiset; the distinction is made entirely in how the tree functions are
83 * called (*_unique versus *_equal, same as the standard).
85 template<typename _Key, typename _Compare = std::less<_Key>,
86 typename _Alloc = std::allocator<_Key> >
87 class set
89 // concept requirements
90 typedef typename _Alloc::value_type _Alloc_value_type;
91 __glibcxx_class_requires(_Key, _SGIAssignableConcept)
92 __glibcxx_class_requires4(_Compare, bool, _Key, _Key,
93 _BinaryFunctionConcept)
94 __glibcxx_class_requires2(_Key, _Alloc_value_type, _SameTypeConcept)
96 public:
97 // typedefs:
98 //@{
99 /// Public typedefs.
100 typedef _Key key_type;
101 typedef _Key value_type;
102 typedef _Compare key_compare;
103 typedef _Compare value_compare;
104 typedef _Alloc allocator_type;
105 //@}
107 private:
108 typedef typename _Alloc::template rebind<_Key>::other _Key_alloc_type;
110 typedef _Rb_tree<key_type, value_type, _Identity<value_type>,
111 key_compare, _Key_alloc_type> _Rep_type;
112 _Rep_type _M_t; // Red-black tree representing set.
114 public:
115 //@{
116 /// Iterator-related typedefs.
117 typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::pointer pointer;
118 typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::const_pointer const_pointer;
119 typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::reference reference;
120 typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::const_reference const_reference;
121 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
122 // DR 103. set::iterator is required to be modifiable,
123 // but this allows modification of keys.
124 typedef typename _Rep_type::const_iterator iterator;
125 typedef typename _Rep_type::const_iterator const_iterator;
126 typedef typename _Rep_type::const_reverse_iterator reverse_iterator;
127 typedef typename _Rep_type::const_reverse_iterator const_reverse_iterator;
128 typedef typename _Rep_type::size_type size_type;
129 typedef typename _Rep_type::difference_type difference_type;
130 //@}
132 // allocation/deallocation
134 * @brief Default constructor creates no elements.
136 set()
137 : _M_t() { }
140 * @brief Creates a %set with no elements.
141 * @param comp Comparator to use.
142 * @param a An allocator object.
144 explicit
145 set(const _Compare& __comp,
146 const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
147 : _M_t(__comp, __a) { }
150 * @brief Builds a %set from a range.
151 * @param first An input iterator.
152 * @param last An input iterator.
154 * Create a %set consisting of copies of the elements from [first,last).
155 * This is linear in N if the range is already sorted, and NlogN
156 * otherwise (where N is distance(first,last)).
158 template<typename _InputIterator>
159 set(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
160 : _M_t()
161 { _M_t._M_insert_unique(__first, __last); }
164 * @brief Builds a %set from a range.
165 * @param first An input iterator.
166 * @param last An input iterator.
167 * @param comp A comparison functor.
168 * @param a An allocator object.
170 * Create a %set consisting of copies of the elements from [first,last).
171 * This is linear in N if the range is already sorted, and NlogN
172 * otherwise (where N is distance(first,last)).
174 template<typename _InputIterator>
175 set(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
176 const _Compare& __comp,
177 const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
178 : _M_t(__comp, __a)
179 { _M_t._M_insert_unique(__first, __last); }
182 * @brief %Set copy constructor.
183 * @param x A %set of identical element and allocator types.
185 * The newly-created %set uses a copy of the allocation object used
186 * by @a x.
188 set(const set& __x)
189 : _M_t(__x._M_t) { }
191 #ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
193 * @brief %Set move constructor
194 * @param x A %set of identical element and allocator types.
196 * The newly-created %set contains the exact contents of @a x.
197 * The contents of @a x are a valid, but unspecified %set.
199 set(set&& __x)
200 : _M_t(std::forward<_Rep_type>(__x._M_t)) { }
203 * @brief Builds a %set from an initializer_list.
204 * @param l An initializer_list.
205 * @param comp A comparison functor.
206 * @param a An allocator object.
208 * Create a %set consisting of copies of the elements in the list.
209 * This is linear in N if the list is already sorted, and NlogN
210 * otherwise (where N is @a l.size()).
212 set(initializer_list<value_type> __l,
213 const _Compare& __comp = _Compare(),
214 const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
215 : _M_t(__comp, __a)
216 { _M_t._M_insert_unique(__l.begin(), __l.end()); }
217 #endif
220 * @brief %Set assignment operator.
221 * @param x A %set of identical element and allocator types.
223 * All the elements of @a x are copied, but unlike the copy constructor,
224 * the allocator object is not copied.
226 set&
227 operator=(const set& __x)
229 _M_t = __x._M_t;
230 return *this;
233 #ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
235 * @brief %Set move assignment operator.
236 * @param x A %set of identical element and allocator types.
238 * The contents of @a x are moved into this %set (without copying).
239 * @a x is a valid, but unspecified %set.
241 set&
242 operator=(set&& __x)
244 // NB: DR 1204.
245 // NB: DR 675.
246 this->clear();
247 this->swap(__x);
248 return *this;
252 * @brief %Set list assignment operator.
253 * @param l An initializer_list.
255 * This function fills a %set with copies of the elements in the
256 * initializer list @a l.
258 * Note that the assignment completely changes the %set and
259 * that the resulting %set's size is the same as the number
260 * of elements assigned. Old data may be lost.
262 set&
263 operator=(initializer_list<value_type> __l)
265 this->clear();
266 this->insert(__l.begin(), __l.end());
267 return *this;
269 #endif
271 // accessors:
273 /// Returns the comparison object with which the %set was constructed.
274 key_compare
275 key_comp() const
276 { return _M_t.key_comp(); }
277 /// Returns the comparison object with which the %set was constructed.
278 value_compare
279 value_comp() const
280 { return _M_t.key_comp(); }
281 /// Returns the allocator object with which the %set was constructed.
282 allocator_type
283 get_allocator() const
284 { return _M_t.get_allocator(); }
287 * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the first
288 * element in the %set. Iteration is done in ascending order according
289 * to the keys.
291 iterator
292 begin() const
293 { return _M_t.begin(); }
296 * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points one past the last
297 * element in the %set. Iteration is done in ascending order according
298 * to the keys.
300 iterator
301 end() const
302 { return _M_t.end(); }
305 * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the last
306 * element in the %set. Iteration is done in descending order according
307 * to the keys.
309 reverse_iterator
310 rbegin() const
311 { return _M_t.rbegin(); }
314 * Returns a read-only (constant) reverse iterator that points to the
315 * last pair in the %set. Iteration is done in descending order
316 * according to the keys.
318 reverse_iterator
319 rend() const
320 { return _M_t.rend(); }
322 #ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
324 * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the first
325 * element in the %set. Iteration is done in ascending order according
326 * to the keys.
328 iterator
329 cbegin() const
330 { return _M_t.begin(); }
333 * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points one past the last
334 * element in the %set. Iteration is done in ascending order according
335 * to the keys.
337 iterator
338 cend() const
339 { return _M_t.end(); }
342 * Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the last
343 * element in the %set. Iteration is done in descending order according
344 * to the keys.
346 reverse_iterator
347 crbegin() const
348 { return _M_t.rbegin(); }
351 * Returns a read-only (constant) reverse iterator that points to the
352 * last pair in the %set. Iteration is done in descending order
353 * according to the keys.
355 reverse_iterator
356 crend() const
357 { return _M_t.rend(); }
358 #endif
360 /// Returns true if the %set is empty.
361 bool
362 empty() const
363 { return _M_t.empty(); }
365 /// Returns the size of the %set.
366 size_type
367 size() const
368 { return _M_t.size(); }
370 /// Returns the maximum size of the %set.
371 size_type
372 max_size() const
373 { return _M_t.max_size(); }
376 * @brief Swaps data with another %set.
377 * @param x A %set of the same element and allocator types.
379 * This exchanges the elements between two sets in constant time.
380 * (It is only swapping a pointer, an integer, and an instance of
381 * the @c Compare type (which itself is often stateless and empty), so it
382 * should be quite fast.)
383 * Note that the global std::swap() function is specialized such that
384 * std::swap(s1,s2) will feed to this function.
386 void
387 swap(set& __x)
388 { _M_t.swap(__x._M_t); }
390 // insert/erase
392 * @brief Attempts to insert an element into the %set.
393 * @param x Element to be inserted.
394 * @return A pair, of which the first element is an iterator that points
395 * to the possibly inserted element, and the second is a bool
396 * that is true if the element was actually inserted.
398 * This function attempts to insert an element into the %set. A %set
399 * relies on unique keys and thus an element is only inserted if it is
400 * not already present in the %set.
402 * Insertion requires logarithmic time.
404 std::pair<iterator, bool>
405 insert(const value_type& __x)
407 std::pair<typename _Rep_type::iterator, bool> __p =
408 _M_t._M_insert_unique(__x);
409 return std::pair<iterator, bool>(__p.first, __p.second);
413 * @brief Attempts to insert an element into the %set.
414 * @param position An iterator that serves as a hint as to where the
415 * element should be inserted.
416 * @param x Element to be inserted.
417 * @return An iterator that points to the element with key of @a x (may
418 * or may not be the element passed in).
420 * This function is not concerned about whether the insertion took place,
421 * and thus does not return a boolean like the single-argument insert()
422 * does. Note that the first parameter is only a hint and can
423 * potentially improve the performance of the insertion process. A bad
424 * hint would cause no gains in efficiency.
426 * For more on @a hinting, see:
427 * http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/bk01pt07ch17.html
429 * Insertion requires logarithmic time (if the hint is not taken).
431 iterator
432 insert(iterator __position, const value_type& __x)
433 { return _M_t._M_insert_unique_(__position, __x); }
436 * @brief A template function that attempts to insert a range
437 * of elements.
438 * @param first Iterator pointing to the start of the range to be
439 * inserted.
440 * @param last Iterator pointing to the end of the range.
442 * Complexity similar to that of the range constructor.
444 template<typename _InputIterator>
445 void
446 insert(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
447 { _M_t._M_insert_unique(__first, __last); }
449 #ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
451 * @brief Attempts to insert a list of elements into the %set.
452 * @param list A std::initializer_list<value_type> of elements
453 * to be inserted.
455 * Complexity similar to that of the range constructor.
457 void
458 insert(initializer_list<value_type> __l)
459 { this->insert(__l.begin(), __l.end()); }
460 #endif
462 #ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
463 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
464 // DR 130. Associative erase should return an iterator.
466 * @brief Erases an element from a %set.
467 * @param position An iterator pointing to the element to be erased.
468 * @return An iterator pointing to the element immediately following
469 * @a position prior to the element being erased. If no such
470 * element exists, end() is returned.
472 * This function erases an element, pointed to by the given iterator,
473 * from a %set. Note that this function only erases the element, and
474 * that if the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is not
475 * touched in any way. Managing the pointer is the user's responsibility.
477 iterator
478 erase(iterator __position)
479 { return _M_t.erase(__position); }
480 #else
482 * @brief Erases an element from a %set.
483 * @param position An iterator pointing to the element to be erased.
485 * This function erases an element, pointed to by the given iterator,
486 * from a %set. Note that this function only erases the element, and
487 * that if the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is not
488 * touched in any way. Managing the pointer is the user's responsibility.
490 void
491 erase(iterator __position)
492 { _M_t.erase(__position); }
493 #endif
496 * @brief Erases elements according to the provided key.
497 * @param x Key of element to be erased.
498 * @return The number of elements erased.
500 * This function erases all the elements located by the given key from
501 * a %set.
502 * Note that this function only erases the element, and that if
503 * the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is not touched
504 * in any way. Managing the pointer is the user's responsibility.
506 size_type
507 erase(const key_type& __x)
508 { return _M_t.erase(__x); }
510 #ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
511 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
512 // DR 130. Associative erase should return an iterator.
514 * @brief Erases a [first,last) range of elements from a %set.
515 * @param first Iterator pointing to the start of the range to be
516 * erased.
517 * @param last Iterator pointing to the end of the range to be erased.
518 * @return The iterator @a last.
520 * This function erases a sequence of elements from a %set.
521 * Note that this function only erases the element, and that if
522 * the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is not touched
523 * in any way. Managing the pointer is the user's responsibility.
525 iterator
526 erase(iterator __first, iterator __last)
527 { return _M_t.erase(__first, __last); }
528 #else
530 * @brief Erases a [first,last) range of elements from a %set.
531 * @param first Iterator pointing to the start of the range to be
532 * erased.
533 * @param last Iterator pointing to the end of the range to be erased.
535 * This function erases a sequence of elements from a %set.
536 * Note that this function only erases the element, and that if
537 * the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is not touched
538 * in any way. Managing the pointer is the user's responsibility.
540 void
541 erase(iterator __first, iterator __last)
542 { _M_t.erase(__first, __last); }
543 #endif
546 * Erases all elements in a %set. Note that this function only erases
547 * the elements, and that if the elements themselves are pointers, the
548 * pointed-to memory is not touched in any way. Managing the pointer is
549 * the user's responsibility.
551 void
552 clear()
553 { _M_t.clear(); }
555 // set operations:
558 * @brief Finds the number of elements.
559 * @param x Element to located.
560 * @return Number of elements with specified key.
562 * This function only makes sense for multisets; for set the result will
563 * either be 0 (not present) or 1 (present).
565 size_type
566 count(const key_type& __x) const
567 { return _M_t.find(__x) == _M_t.end() ? 0 : 1; }
569 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
570 // 214. set::find() missing const overload
571 //@{
573 * @brief Tries to locate an element in a %set.
574 * @param x Element to be located.
575 * @return Iterator pointing to sought-after element, or end() if not
576 * found.
578 * This function takes a key and tries to locate the element with which
579 * the key matches. If successful the function returns an iterator
580 * pointing to the sought after element. If unsuccessful it returns the
581 * past-the-end ( @c end() ) iterator.
583 iterator
584 find(const key_type& __x)
585 { return _M_t.find(__x); }
587 const_iterator
588 find(const key_type& __x) const
589 { return _M_t.find(__x); }
590 //@}
592 //@{
594 * @brief Finds the beginning of a subsequence matching given key.
595 * @param x Key to be located.
596 * @return Iterator pointing to first element equal to or greater
597 * than key, or end().
599 * This function returns the first element of a subsequence of elements
600 * that matches the given key. If unsuccessful it returns an iterator
601 * pointing to the first element that has a greater value than given key
602 * or end() if no such element exists.
604 iterator
605 lower_bound(const key_type& __x)
606 { return _M_t.lower_bound(__x); }
608 const_iterator
609 lower_bound(const key_type& __x) const
610 { return _M_t.lower_bound(__x); }
611 //@}
613 //@{
615 * @brief Finds the end of a subsequence matching given key.
616 * @param x Key to be located.
617 * @return Iterator pointing to the first element
618 * greater than key, or end().
620 iterator
621 upper_bound(const key_type& __x)
622 { return _M_t.upper_bound(__x); }
624 const_iterator
625 upper_bound(const key_type& __x) const
626 { return _M_t.upper_bound(__x); }
627 //@}
629 //@{
631 * @brief Finds a subsequence matching given key.
632 * @param x Key to be located.
633 * @return Pair of iterators that possibly points to the subsequence
634 * matching given key.
636 * This function is equivalent to
637 * @code
638 * std::make_pair(c.lower_bound(val),
639 * c.upper_bound(val))
640 * @endcode
641 * (but is faster than making the calls separately).
643 * This function probably only makes sense for multisets.
645 std::pair<iterator, iterator>
646 equal_range(const key_type& __x)
647 { return _M_t.equal_range(__x); }
649 std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
650 equal_range(const key_type& __x) const
651 { return _M_t.equal_range(__x); }
652 //@}
654 template<typename _K1, typename _C1, typename _A1>
655 friend bool
656 operator==(const set<_K1, _C1, _A1>&, const set<_K1, _C1, _A1>&);
658 template<typename _K1, typename _C1, typename _A1>
659 friend bool
660 operator<(const set<_K1, _C1, _A1>&, const set<_K1, _C1, _A1>&);
665 * @brief Set equality comparison.
666 * @param x A %set.
667 * @param y A %set of the same type as @a x.
668 * @return True iff the size and elements of the sets are equal.
670 * This is an equivalence relation. It is linear in the size of the sets.
671 * Sets are considered equivalent if their sizes are equal, and if
672 * corresponding elements compare equal.
674 template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
675 inline bool
676 operator==(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
677 const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
678 { return __x._M_t == __y._M_t; }
681 * @brief Set ordering relation.
682 * @param x A %set.
683 * @param y A %set of the same type as @a x.
684 * @return True iff @a x is lexicographically less than @a y.
686 * This is a total ordering relation. It is linear in the size of the
687 * maps. The elements must be comparable with @c <.
689 * See std::lexicographical_compare() for how the determination is made.
691 template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
692 inline bool
693 operator<(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
694 const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
695 { return __x._M_t < __y._M_t; }
697 /// Returns !(x == y).
698 template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
699 inline bool
700 operator!=(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
701 const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
702 { return !(__x == __y); }
704 /// Returns y < x.
705 template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
706 inline bool
707 operator>(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
708 const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
709 { return __y < __x; }
711 /// Returns !(y < x)
712 template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
713 inline bool
714 operator<=(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
715 const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
716 { return !(__y < __x); }
718 /// Returns !(x < y)
719 template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
720 inline bool
721 operator>=(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
722 const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
723 { return !(__x < __y); }
725 /// See std::set::swap().
726 template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
727 inline void
728 swap(set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x, set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
729 { __x.swap(__y); }
731 _GLIBCXX_END_NESTED_NAMESPACE
733 #endif /* _STL_SET_H */