src/code/target-alieneval.lisp

   1 ;;;; This file contains parts of the ALIEN implementation that
   2 ;;;; are not part of the compiler.
   3
   4 ;;;; This software is part of the SBCL system. See the README file for
   5 ;;;; more information.
   6 ;;;;
   7 ;;;; This software is derived from the CMU CL system, which was
   8 ;;;; written at Carnegie Mellon University and released into the
   9 ;;;; public domain. The software is in the public domain and is
  10 ;;;; provided with absolutely no warranty. See the COPYING and CREDITS
  11 ;;;; files for more information.
  12
  13 (in-package "SB!ALIEN")
  14
  15 (/show0 "target-alieneval.lisp 15")
  16 \f
  17 ;;;; alien variables
  18
  19 ;;; Make a string out of the symbol, converting all uppercase letters to
  20 ;;; lower case and hyphens into underscores.
  21 (eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
  22   (defun guess-alien-name-from-lisp-name (lisp-name)
  23     (declare (type symbol lisp-name))
  24     (nsubstitute #\_ #\- (string-downcase (symbol-name lisp-name)))))
  25
  26 ;;; The opposite of GUESS-ALIEN-NAME-FROM-LISP-NAME. Make a symbol out
  27 ;;; of the string, converting all lowercase letters to uppercase and
  28 ;;; underscores into hyphens.
  29 (eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
  30   (defun guess-lisp-name-from-alien-name (alien-name)
  31     (declare (type simple-string alien-name))
  32     (intern (nsubstitute #\- #\_ (string-upcase alien-name)))))
  33
  34 ;;; Extract the Lisp and alien names from NAME. If only one is given,
  35 ;;; guess the other.
  36 (eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
  37   (defun pick-lisp-and-alien-names (name)
  38     (etypecase name
  39       (string
  40        (values (guess-lisp-name-from-alien-name name) name))
  41       (symbol
  42        (values name (guess-alien-name-from-lisp-name name)))
  43       (list
  44        (unless (proper-list-of-length-p name 2)
  45          (error "badly formed alien name"))
  46        (values (cadr name) (car name))))))
  47
  48 (defmacro define-alien-variable (name type &environment env)
  49   #!+sb-doc
  50   "Define NAME as an external alien variable of type TYPE. NAME should be
  51    a list of a string holding the alien name and a symbol to use as the Lisp
  52    name. If NAME is just a symbol or string, then the other name is guessed
  53    from the one supplied."
  54   (multiple-value-bind (lisp-name alien-name) (pick-lisp-and-alien-names name)
  55     (with-auxiliary-alien-types env
  56       (let ((alien-type (parse-alien-type type env)))
  57         `(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
  58            ,@(when *new-auxiliary-types*
  59                `((%def-auxiliary-alien-types ',*new-auxiliary-types*)))
  60            (%define-alien-variable ',lisp-name
  61                                    ',alien-name
  62                                    ',alien-type))))))
  63
  64 ;;; Do the actual work of DEFINE-ALIEN-VARIABLE.
  65 (eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
  66   (defun %define-alien-variable (lisp-name alien-name type)
  67     (setf (info :variable :kind lisp-name) :alien)
  68     (setf (info :variable :where-from lisp-name) :defined)
  69     (setf (info :variable :alien-info lisp-name)
  70           (make-heap-alien-info :type type
  71                                 :sap-form `(foreign-symbol-sap ',alien-name t)))))
  72
  73 (defmacro extern-alien (name type &environment env)
  74   #!+sb-doc
  75   "Access the alien variable named NAME, assuming it is of type TYPE. This
  76    is SETFable."
  77   (let* ((alien-name (etypecase name
  78                        (symbol (guess-alien-name-from-lisp-name name))
  79                        (string name)))
  80          (alien-type (parse-alien-type type env))
  81          (datap (not (alien-fun-type-p alien-type))))
  82     `(%heap-alien ',(make-heap-alien-info
  83                      :type alien-type
  84                      :sap-form `(foreign-symbol-sap ',alien-name ,datap)))))
  85
  86 (defmacro with-alien (bindings &body body &environment env)
  87   #!+sb-doc
  88   "Establish some local alien variables. Each BINDING is of the form:
  89      VAR TYPE [ ALLOCATION ] [ INITIAL-VALUE | EXTERNAL-NAME ]
  90    ALLOCATION should be one of:
  91      :LOCAL (the default)
  92        The alien is allocated on the stack, and has dynamic extent.
  93      :EXTERN
  94        No alien is allocated, but VAR is established as a local name for
  95        the external alien given by EXTERNAL-NAME."
  96   ;; FIXME:
  97   ;;      :STATIC
  98   ;;        The alien is allocated on the heap, and has infinite extent. The alien
  99   ;;        is allocated at load time, so the same piece of memory is used each time
 100   ;;        this form executes.
 101   (/show "entering WITH-ALIEN" bindings)
 102   (with-auxiliary-alien-types env
 103     (dolist (binding (reverse bindings))
 104       (/show binding)
 105       (destructuring-bind
 106             (symbol type &optional (opt1 nil opt1p) (opt2 nil opt2p))
 107           binding
 108         (/show symbol type opt1 opt2)
 109         (let* ((alien-type (parse-alien-type type env))
 110                (datap (not (alien-fun-type-p alien-type))))
 111           (/show alien-type)
 112           (multiple-value-bind (allocation initial-value)
 113               (if opt2p
 114                   (values opt1 opt2)
 115                   (case opt1
 116                     (:extern
 117                      (values opt1 (guess-alien-name-from-lisp-name symbol)))
 118                     (:static
 119                      (values opt1 nil))
 120                     (t
 121                      (values :local opt1))))
 122             (/show allocation initial-value)
 123             (setf body
 124                   (ecase allocation
 125                     #+nil
 126                     (:static
 127                      (let ((sap
 128                             (make-symbol (concatenate 'string "SAP-FOR-"
 129                                                       (symbol-name symbol)))))
 130                        `((let ((,sap (load-time-value (%make-alien ...))))
 131                            (declare (type system-area-pointer ,sap))
 132                            (symbol-macrolet
 133                                ((,symbol (sap-alien ,sap ,type)))
 134                              ,@(when initial-value
 135                                  `((setq ,symbol ,initial-value)))
 136                              ,@body)))))
 137                     (:extern
 138                      (/show0 ":EXTERN case")
 139                      (let ((info (make-heap-alien-info
 140                                   :type alien-type
 141                                   :sap-form `(foreign-symbol-sap ',initial-value
 142                                                                  ,datap))))
 143                        `((symbol-macrolet
 144                              ((,symbol (%heap-alien ',info)))
 145                            ,@body))))
 146                     (:local
 147                      (/show0 ":LOCAL case")
 148                      (let* ((var (gensym))
 149                             (initval (if initial-value (gensym)))
 150                             (info (make-local-alien-info :type alien-type))
 151                             (inner-body
 152                              `((note-local-alien-type ',info ,var)
 153                                (symbol-macrolet ((,symbol (local-alien ',info ,var)))
 154                                  ,@(when initial-value
 155                                      `((setq ,symbol ,initval)))
 156                                  ,@body)))
 157                             (body-forms
 158                              (if initial-value
 159                                  `((let ((,initval ,initial-value))
 160                                      ,@inner-body))
 161                                  inner-body)))
 162                        (/show var initval info)
 163                        #!+(or x86 x86-64)
 164                        `((let ((,var (make-local-alien ',info)))
 165                            ,@body-forms))
 166                        ;; FIXME: This version is less efficient then it needs to be, since
 167                        ;; it could just save and restore the number-stack pointer once,
 168                        ;; instead of doing multiple decrements if there are multiple bindings.
 169                        #!-(or x86 x86-64)
 170                        `((let (,var)
 171                            (unwind-protect
 172                                (progn
 173                                  (setf ,var (make-local-alien ',info))
 174                                  (let ((,var ,var))
 175                                    ,@body-forms))
 176                              (dispose-local-alien ',info ,var))))))))))))
 177     (/show "revised" body)
 178     (verify-local-auxiliaries-okay)
 179     (/show0 "back from VERIFY-LOCAL-AUXILIARIES-OK, returning")
 180     `(symbol-macrolet ((&auxiliary-type-definitions&
 181                         ,(append *new-auxiliary-types*
 182                                  (auxiliary-type-definitions env))))
 183        #+(or x86 x86-64)
 184        (let ((sb!vm::*alien-stack* sb!vm::*alien-stack*))
 185          ,@body)
 186        #-(or x86 x86-64)
 187        ,@body)))
 188 \f
 189 ;;;; runtime C values that don't correspond directly to Lisp types
 190
 191 ;;; Note: The DEFSTRUCT for ALIEN-VALUE lives in a separate file
 192 ;;; 'cause it has to be real early in the cold-load order.
 193 #!-sb-fluid (declaim (freeze-type alien-value))
 194 (def!method print-object ((value alien-value) stream)
 195   (print-unreadable-object (value stream)
 196     (format stream
 197             "~S ~S #X~8,'0X ~S ~S"
 198             'alien-value
 199             :sap (sap-int (alien-value-sap value))
 200             :type (unparse-alien-type (alien-value-type value)))))
 201
 202 #!-sb-fluid (declaim (inline null-alien))
 203 (defun null-alien (x)
 204   #!+sb-doc
 205   "Return true if X (which must be an ALIEN pointer) is null, false otherwise."
 206   (zerop (sap-int (alien-sap x))))
 207
 208 (defmacro sap-alien (sap type &environment env)
 209   #!+sb-doc
 210   "Convert the system area pointer SAP to an ALIEN of the specified TYPE (not
 211    evaluated.) TYPE must be pointer-like."
 212   (let ((alien-type (parse-alien-type type env)))
 213     (if (eq (compute-alien-rep-type alien-type) 'system-area-pointer)
 214         `(%sap-alien ,sap ',alien-type)
 215         (error "cannot make an alien of type ~S out of a SAP" type))))
 216
 217 (defun %sap-alien (sap type)
 218   (declare (type system-area-pointer sap)
 219            (type alien-type type))
 220   (make-alien-value :sap sap :type type))
 221
 222 (defun alien-sap (alien)
 223   #!+sb-doc
 224   "Return a System-Area-Pointer pointing to Alien's data."
 225   (declare (type alien-value alien))
 226   (alien-value-sap alien))
 227 \f
 228 ;;;; allocation/deallocation of heap aliens
 229
 230 (defmacro make-alien (type &optional size &environment env)
 231   #!+sb-doc
 232   "Allocate an alien of type TYPE and return an alien pointer to it. If SIZE
 233 is supplied, how it is interpreted depends on TYPE. If TYPE is an array type,
 234 SIZE is used as the first dimension for the allocated array. If TYPE is not an
 235 array, then SIZE is the number of elements to allocate. The memory is
 236 allocated using ``malloc'', so it can be passed to foreign functions which use
 237 ``free''."
 238   (let ((alien-type (if (alien-type-p type)
 239                         type
 240                         (parse-alien-type type env))))
 241     (multiple-value-bind (size-expr element-type)
 242         (if (alien-array-type-p alien-type)
 243             (let ((dims (alien-array-type-dimensions alien-type)))
 244               (cond
 245                 (size
 246                  (unless dims
 247                    (error
 248                     "cannot override the size of zero-dimensional arrays"))
 249                  (when (constantp size)
 250                    (setf alien-type (copy-alien-array-type alien-type))
 251                    (setf (alien-array-type-dimensions alien-type)
 252                          (cons (constant-form-value size) (cdr dims)))))
 253                 (dims
 254                  (setf size (car dims)))
 255                 (t
 256                  (setf size 1)))
 257               (values `(* ,size ,@(cdr dims))
 258                       (alien-array-type-element-type alien-type)))
 259             (values (or size 1) alien-type))
 260       (let ((bits (alien-type-bits element-type))
 261             (alignment (alien-type-alignment element-type)))
 262         (unless bits
 263           (error "The size of ~S is unknown."
 264                  (unparse-alien-type element-type)))
 265         (unless alignment
 266           (error "The alignment of ~S is unknown."
 267                  (unparse-alien-type element-type)))
 268         ;; This is the one place where the %SAP-ALIEN note is quite
 269         ;; undesirable, in most uses of MAKE-ALIEN the %SAP-ALIEN
 270         ;; cannot be optimized away.
 271         `(locally (declare (muffle-conditions compiler-note))
 272            (%sap-alien (%make-alien (* ,(align-offset bits alignment)
 273                                        ,size-expr))
 274                        ',(make-alien-pointer-type :to alien-type)))))))
 275
 276 ;;; Allocate a block of memory at least BITS bits long and return a
 277 ;;; system area pointer to it.
 278 #!-sb-fluid (declaim (inline %make-alien))
 279 (defun %make-alien (bits)
 280   (declare (type index bits))
 281   (alien-funcall (extern-alien "malloc"
 282                                (function system-area-pointer unsigned))
 283                  (ash (the index (+ bits 7)) -3)))
 284
 285 #!-sb-fluid (declaim (inline free-alien))
 286 (defun free-alien (alien)
 287   #!+sb-doc
 288   "Dispose of the storage pointed to by ALIEN. ALIEN must have been allocated
 289    by MAKE-ALIEN or malloc(3)."
 290   (alien-funcall (extern-alien "free" (function (values) system-area-pointer))
 291                  (alien-sap alien))
 292   nil)
 293 \f
 294 ;;;; the SLOT operator
 295
 296 ;;; Find the field named SLOT, or die trying.
 297 (defun slot-or-lose (type slot)
 298   (declare (type alien-record-type type)
 299            (type symbol slot))
 300   (or (find slot (alien-record-type-fields type)
 301             :key #'alien-record-field-name)
 302       (error "There is no slot named ~S in ~S." slot type)))
 303
 304 ;;; Extract the value from the named slot from the record ALIEN. If
 305 ;;; ALIEN is actually a pointer, then DEREF it first.
 306 (defun slot (alien slot)
 307   #!+sb-doc
 308   "Extract SLOT from the Alien STRUCT or UNION ALIEN. May be set with SETF."
 309   (declare (type alien-value alien)
 310            (type symbol slot)
 311            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 312   (let ((type (alien-value-type alien)))
 313     (etypecase type
 314       (alien-pointer-type
 315        (slot (deref alien) slot))
 316       (alien-record-type
 317        (let ((field (slot-or-lose type slot)))
 318          (extract-alien-value (alien-value-sap alien)
 319                               (alien-record-field-offset field)
 320                               (alien-record-field-type field)))))))
 321
 322 ;;; Deposit the value in the specified slot of the record ALIEN. If
 323 ;;; the ALIEN is really a pointer, DEREF it first. The compiler uses
 324 ;;; this when it can't figure out anything better.
 325 (defun %set-slot (alien slot value)
 326   (declare (type alien-value alien)
 327            (type symbol slot)
 328            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 329   (let ((type (alien-value-type alien)))
 330     (etypecase type
 331       (alien-pointer-type
 332        (%set-slot (deref alien) slot value))
 333       (alien-record-type
 334        (let ((field (slot-or-lose type slot)))
 335          (deposit-alien-value (alien-value-sap alien)
 336                               (alien-record-field-offset field)
 337                               (alien-record-field-type field)
 338                               value))))))
 339
 340 ;;; Compute the address of the specified slot and return a pointer to it.
 341 (defun %slot-addr (alien slot)
 342   (declare (type alien-value alien)
 343            (type symbol slot)
 344            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 345   (let ((type (alien-value-type alien)))
 346     (etypecase type
 347       (alien-pointer-type
 348        (%slot-addr (deref alien) slot))
 349       (alien-record-type
 350        (let* ((field (slot-or-lose type slot))
 351               (offset (alien-record-field-offset field))
 352               (field-type (alien-record-field-type field)))
 353          (%sap-alien (sap+ (alien-sap alien) (/ offset sb!vm:n-byte-bits))
 354                      (make-alien-pointer-type :to field-type)))))))
 355 \f
 356 ;;;; the DEREF operator
 357
 358 ;;; This function does most of the work of the different DEREF
 359 ;;; methods. It returns two values: the type and the offset (in bits)
 360 ;;; of the referred-to alien.
 361 (defun deref-guts (alien indices)
 362   (declare (type alien-value alien)
 363            (type list indices)
 364            (values alien-type integer))
 365   (let ((type (alien-value-type alien)))
 366     (etypecase type
 367       (alien-pointer-type
 368        (when (cdr indices)
 369          (error "too many indices when DEREF'ing ~S: ~W"
 370                 type
 371                 (length indices)))
 372        (let ((element-type (alien-pointer-type-to type)))
 373          (values element-type
 374                  (if indices
 375                      (* (align-offset (alien-type-bits element-type)
 376                                       (alien-type-alignment element-type))
 377                         (car indices))
 378                      0))))
 379       (alien-array-type
 380        (unless (= (length indices) (length (alien-array-type-dimensions type)))
 381          (error "incorrect number of indices when DEREF'ing ~S: ~W"
 382                 type (length indices)))
 383        (labels ((frob (dims indices offset)
 384                   (if (null dims)
 385                       offset
 386                       (frob (cdr dims) (cdr indices)
 387                         (+ (if (zerop offset)
 388                                0
 389                                (* offset (car dims)))
 390                            (car indices))))))
 391          (let ((element-type (alien-array-type-element-type type)))
 392            (values element-type
 393                    (* (align-offset (alien-type-bits element-type)
 394                                     (alien-type-alignment element-type))
 395                       (frob (alien-array-type-dimensions type)
 396                         indices 0)))))))))
 397
 398 ;;; Dereference the alien and return the results.
 399 (defun deref (alien &rest indices)
 400   #!+sb-doc
 401   "De-reference an Alien pointer or array. If an array, the indices are used
 402    as the indices of the array element to access. If a pointer, one index can
 403    optionally be specified, giving the equivalent of C pointer arithmetic."
 404   (declare (type alien-value alien)
 405            (type list indices)
 406            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 407   (multiple-value-bind (target-type offset) (deref-guts alien indices)
 408     (extract-alien-value (alien-value-sap alien)
 409                          offset
 410                          target-type)))
 411
 412 (defun %set-deref (alien value &rest indices)
 413   (declare (type alien-value alien)
 414            (type list indices)
 415            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 416   (multiple-value-bind (target-type offset) (deref-guts alien indices)
 417     (deposit-alien-value (alien-value-sap alien)
 418                          offset
 419                          target-type
 420                          value)))
 421
 422 (defun %deref-addr (alien &rest indices)
 423   (declare (type alien-value alien)
 424            (type list indices)
 425            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 426   (multiple-value-bind (target-type offset) (deref-guts alien indices)
 427     (%sap-alien (sap+ (alien-value-sap alien) (/ offset sb!vm:n-byte-bits))
 428                 (make-alien-pointer-type :to target-type))))
 429 \f
 430 ;;;; accessing heap alien variables
 431
 432 (defun %heap-alien (info)
 433   (declare (type heap-alien-info info)
 434            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 435   (extract-alien-value (eval (heap-alien-info-sap-form info))
 436                        0
 437                        (heap-alien-info-type info)))
 438
 439 (defun %set-heap-alien (info value)
 440   (declare (type heap-alien-info info)
 441            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 442   (deposit-alien-value (eval (heap-alien-info-sap-form info))
 443                        0
 444                        (heap-alien-info-type info)
 445                        value))
 446
 447 (defun %heap-alien-addr (info)
 448   (declare (type heap-alien-info info)
 449            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 450   (%sap-alien (eval (heap-alien-info-sap-form info))
 451               (make-alien-pointer-type :to (heap-alien-info-type info))))
 452 \f
 453 ;;;; accessing local aliens
 454
 455 (defun make-local-alien (info)
 456   (let* ((alien (eval `(make-alien ,(local-alien-info-type info))))
 457          (alien-sap (alien-sap alien)))
 458     (finalize
 459      alien
 460      (lambda ()
 461        (alien-funcall
 462         (extern-alien "free" (function (values) system-area-pointer))
 463         alien-sap))
 464      :dont-save t)
 465     alien))
 466
 467 (defun note-local-alien-type (info alien)
 468   (declare (ignore info alien))
 469   nil)
 470
 471 (defun local-alien (info alien)
 472   (declare (ignore info))
 473   (deref alien))
 474
 475 (defun %set-local-alien (info alien value)
 476   (declare (ignore info))
 477   (setf (deref alien) value))
 478
 479 (define-setf-expander local-alien (&whole whole info alien)
 480   (let ((value (gensym))
 481         (info-var (gensym))
 482         (alloc-tmp (gensym))
 483         (info (if (and (consp info)
 484                        (eq (car info) 'quote))
 485                   (second info)
 486                   (error "Something is wrong; local-alien-info not found: ~S"
 487                          whole))))
 488     (values nil
 489             nil
 490             (list value)
 491             `(if (%local-alien-forced-to-memory-p ',info)
 492                  (%set-local-alien ',info ,alien ,value)
 493                    (let* ((,info-var ',(local-alien-info-type info))
 494                           (,alloc-tmp (deport-alloc ,value ,info-var)))
 495                      (maybe-with-pinned-objects (,alloc-tmp) (,(local-alien-info-type info))
 496                        (setf ,alien (deport ,alloc-tmp ,info-var)))))
 497             whole)))
 498
 499 (defun %local-alien-forced-to-memory-p (info)
 500   (local-alien-info-force-to-memory-p info))
 501
 502 (defun %local-alien-addr (info alien)
 503   (declare (type local-alien-info info))
 504   (unless (local-alien-info-force-to-memory-p info)
 505     (error "~S isn't forced to memory. Something went wrong." alien))
 506   alien)
 507
 508 (defun dispose-local-alien (info alien)
 509   (declare (ignore info))
 510   (cancel-finalization alien)
 511   (free-alien alien))
 512 \f
 513 ;;;; the CAST macro
 514
 515 (defmacro cast (alien type &environment env)
 516   #!+sb-doc
 517   "Convert ALIEN to an Alien of the specified TYPE (not evaluated.)  Both types
 518    must be Alien array, pointer or function types."
 519   `(%cast ,alien ',(parse-alien-type type env)))
 520
 521 (defun %cast (alien target-type)
 522   (declare (type alien-value alien)
 523            (type alien-type target-type)
 524            (optimize (safety 2))
 525            (optimize (inhibit-warnings 3)))
 526   (if (or (alien-pointer-type-p target-type)
 527           (alien-array-type-p target-type)
 528           (alien-fun-type-p target-type))
 529       (let ((alien-type (alien-value-type alien)))
 530         (if (or (alien-pointer-type-p alien-type)
 531                 (alien-array-type-p alien-type)
 532                 (alien-fun-type-p alien-type))
 533             (naturalize (alien-value-sap alien) target-type)
 534             (error "~S cannot be casted." alien)))
 535       (error "cannot cast to alien type ~S" (unparse-alien-type target-type))))
 536 \f
 537 ;;;; the ALIEN-SIZE macro
 538
 539 (defmacro alien-size (type &optional (units :bits) &environment env)
 540   #!+sb-doc
 541   "Return the size of the alien type TYPE. UNITS specifies the units to
 542    use and can be either :BITS, :BYTES, or :WORDS."
 543   (let* ((alien-type (parse-alien-type type env))
 544          (bits (alien-type-bits alien-type)))
 545     (if bits
 546         (values (ceiling bits
 547                          (ecase units
 548                            (:bits 1)
 549                            (:bytes sb!vm:n-byte-bits)
 550                            (:words sb!vm:n-word-bits))))
 551         (error "unknown size for alien type ~S"
 552                (unparse-alien-type alien-type)))))
 553 \f
 554 ;;;; NATURALIZE, DEPORT, EXTRACT-ALIEN-VALUE, DEPOSIT-ALIEN-VALUE
 555
 556 (defun coerce-to-interpreted-function (lambda-form)
 557   (let (#!+sb-eval
 558         (*evaluator-mode* :interpret))
 559     (coerce lambda-form 'function)))
 560
 561 (defun naturalize (alien type)
 562   (declare (type alien-type type))
 563   (funcall (coerce-to-interpreted-function (compute-naturalize-lambda type))
 564            alien type))
 565
 566 (defun deport (value type)
 567   (declare (type alien-type type))
 568   (funcall (coerce-to-interpreted-function (compute-deport-lambda type))
 569            value type))
 570
 571 (defun deport-alloc (value type)
 572   (declare (type alien-type type))
 573   (funcall (coerce-to-interpreted-function (compute-deport-alloc-lambda type))
 574            value type))
 575
 576 (defun extract-alien-value (sap offset type)
 577   (declare (type system-area-pointer sap)
 578            (type unsigned-byte offset)
 579            (type alien-type type))
 580   (funcall (coerce-to-interpreted-function (compute-extract-lambda type))
 581            sap offset type))
 582
 583 (defun deposit-alien-value (sap offset type value)
 584   (declare (type system-area-pointer sap)
 585            (type unsigned-byte offset)
 586            (type alien-type type))
 587   (funcall (coerce-to-interpreted-function (compute-deposit-lambda type))
 588            sap offset type value))
 589 \f
 590 ;;;; ALIEN-FUNCALL, DEFINE-ALIEN-ROUTINE
 591
 592 (defun alien-funcall (alien &rest args)
 593   #!+sb-doc
 594   "Call the foreign function ALIEN with the specified arguments. ALIEN's
 595    type specifies the argument and result types."
 596   (declare (type alien-value alien))
 597   (let ((type (alien-value-type alien)))
 598     (typecase type
 599       (alien-pointer-type
 600        (apply #'alien-funcall (deref alien) args))
 601       (alien-fun-type
 602        (unless (= (length (alien-fun-type-arg-types type))
 603                   (length args))
 604          (error "wrong number of arguments for ~S~%expected ~W, got ~W"
 605                 type
 606                 (length (alien-fun-type-arg-types type))
 607                 (length args)))
 608        (let ((stub (alien-fun-type-stub type)))
 609          (unless stub
 610            (setf stub
 611                  (let ((fun (gensym))
 612                        (parms (make-gensym-list (length args))))
 613                    (compile nil
 614                             `(lambda (,fun ,@parms)
 615                                (declare (optimize (sb!c::insert-step-conditions 0)))
 616                                (declare (type (alien ,type) ,fun))
 617                                (alien-funcall ,fun ,@parms)))))
 618            (setf (alien-fun-type-stub type) stub))
 619          (apply stub alien args)))
 620       (t
 621        (error "~S is not an alien function." alien)))))
 622
 623 (defmacro define-alien-routine (name result-type
 624                                      &rest args
 625                                      &environment lexenv)
 626   #!+sb-doc
 627   "DEFINE-ALIEN-ROUTINE Name Result-Type {(Arg-Name Arg-Type [Style])}*
 628
 629   Define a foreign interface function for the routine with the specified NAME.
 630   Also automatically DECLAIM the FTYPE of the defined function.
 631
 632   NAME may be either a string, a symbol, or a list of the form (string symbol).
 633
 634   RETURN-TYPE is the alien type for the function return value. VOID may be
 635   used to specify a function with no result.
 636
 637   The remaining forms specify individual arguments that are passed to the
 638   routine. ARG-NAME is a symbol that names the argument, primarily for
 639   documentation. ARG-TYPE is the C type of the argument. STYLE specifies the
 640   way that the argument is passed.
 641
 642   :IN
 643         An :IN argument is simply passed by value. The value to be passed is
 644         obtained from argument(s) to the interface function. No values are
 645         returned for :In arguments. This is the default mode.
 646
 647   :OUT
 648         The specified argument type must be a pointer to a fixed sized object.
 649         A pointer to a preallocated object is passed to the routine, and the
 650         the object is accessed on return, with the value being returned from
 651         the interface function. :OUT and :IN-OUT cannot be used with pointers
 652         to arrays, records or functions.
 653
 654   :COPY
 655         This is similar to :IN, except that the argument values are stored
 656         on the stack, and a pointer to the object is passed instead of
 657         the value itself.
 658
 659   :IN-OUT
 660         This is a combination of :OUT and :COPY. A pointer to the argument is
 661         passed, with the object being initialized from the supplied argument
 662         and the return value being determined by accessing the object on
 663         return."
 664   (multiple-value-bind (lisp-name alien-name)
 665       (pick-lisp-and-alien-names name)
 666     (collect ((docs) (lisp-args) (lisp-arg-types)
 667               (lisp-result-types
 668                (cond ((eql result-type 'void)
 669                       ;; What values does a function return, if it
 670                       ;; returns no values? Exactly one - NIL. -- APD,
 671                       ;; 2003-03-02
 672                       (list 'null))
 673                      (t
 674                       ;; FIXME: Check for VALUES.
 675                       (list `(alien ,result-type)))))
 676               (arg-types) (alien-vars)
 677               (alien-args) (results))
 678       (dolist (arg args)
 679         (if (stringp arg)
 680             (docs arg)
 681             (destructuring-bind (name type &optional (style :in)) arg
 682               (unless (member style '(:in :copy :out :in-out))
 683                 (error "bogus argument style ~S in ~S" style arg))
 684               (when (and (member style '(:out :in-out))
 685                          (typep (parse-alien-type type lexenv)
 686                                 'alien-pointer-type))
 687                 (error "can't use :OUT or :IN-OUT on pointer-like type:~%  ~S"
 688                        type))
 689               (let (arg-type)
 690                 (cond ((eq style :in)
 691                        (setq arg-type type)
 692                        (alien-args name))
 693                       (t
 694                        (setq arg-type `(* ,type))
 695                        (if (eq style :out)
 696                            (alien-vars `(,name ,type))
 697                            (alien-vars `(,name ,type ,name)))
 698                        (alien-args `(addr ,name))))
 699                 (arg-types arg-type)
 700                 (unless (eq style :out)
 701                   (lisp-args name)
 702                   (lisp-arg-types t
 703                                   ;; FIXME: It should be something
 704                                   ;; like `(ALIEN ,ARG-TYPE), except
 705                                   ;; for we also accept SAPs where
 706                                   ;; pointers are required.
 707                                   )))
 708               (when (or (eq style :out) (eq style :in-out))
 709                 (results name)
 710                 (lisp-result-types `(alien ,type))))))
 711       `(progn
 712          ;; The theory behind this automatic DECLAIM is that (1) if
 713          ;; you're calling C, static typing is what you're doing
 714          ;; anyway, and (2) such a declamation can be (especially for
 715          ;; alien values) both messy to do by hand and very important
 716          ;; for performance of later code which uses the return value.
 717          (declaim (ftype (function ,(lisp-arg-types)
 718                                    (values ,@(lisp-result-types) &optional))
 719                          ,lisp-name))
 720          (defun ,lisp-name ,(lisp-args)
 721            ,@(docs)
 722            (with-alien
 723             ((,lisp-name (function ,result-type ,@(arg-types))
 724                          :extern ,alien-name)
 725              ,@(alien-vars))
 726              #-nil
 727              (values (alien-funcall ,lisp-name ,@(alien-args))
 728                      ,@(results))
 729              #+nil
 730              (if (alien-values-type-p result-type)
 731                  ;; FIXME: RESULT-TYPE is a type specifier, so it
 732                  ;; cannot be of type ALIEN-VALUES-TYPE. Also note,
 733                  ;; that if RESULT-TYPE is VOID, then this code
 734                  ;; disagrees with the computation of the return type
 735                  ;; and with all usages of this macro. -- APD,
 736                  ;; 2002-03-02
 737                  (let ((temps (make-gensym-list
 738                                (length
 739                                 (alien-values-type-values result-type)))))
 740                    `(multiple-value-bind ,temps
 741                         (alien-funcall ,lisp-name ,@(alien-args))
 742                       (values ,@temps ,@(results))))
 743                  (values (alien-funcall ,lisp-name ,@(alien-args))
 744                          ,@(results)))))))))
 745 \f
 746 (defun alien-typep (object type)
 747   #!+sb-doc
 748   "Return T iff OBJECT is an alien of type TYPE."
 749   (let ((lisp-rep-type (compute-lisp-rep-type type)))
 750     (if lisp-rep-type
 751         (typep object lisp-rep-type)
 752         (and (alien-value-p object)
 753              (alien-subtype-p (alien-value-type object) type)))))
 754
 755 ;;;; ALIEN CALLBACKS
 756 ;;;;
 757 ;;;; See "Foreign Linkage / Callbacks" in the SBCL Internals manual.
 758
 759 (defvar *alien-callback-info* nil
 760   "Maps SAPs to corresponding CALLBACK-INFO structures: contains all the
 761 information we need to manipulate callbacks after their creation. Used for
 762 changing the lisp-side function they point to, invalidation, etc.")
 763
 764 (defstruct callback-info
 765   specifier
 766   function ; NULL if invalid
 767   wrapper
 768   index)
 769
 770 (defun callback-info-key (info)
 771   (cons (callback-info-specifier info) (callback-info-function info)))
 772
 773 (defun alien-callback-info (alien)
 774   (cdr (assoc (alien-sap alien) *alien-callback-info* :test #'sap=)))
 775
 776 (defvar *alien-callbacks* (make-hash-table :test #'equal)
 777   "Cache of existing callback SAPs, indexed with (SPECIFER . FUNCTION). Used for
 778 memoization: we don't create new callbacks if one pointing to the correct
 779 function with the same specifier already exists.")
 780
 781 (defvar *alien-callback-wrappers* (make-hash-table :test #'equal)
 782   "Cache of existing lisp weappers, indexed with SPECIFER. Used for memoization:
 783 we don't create new wrappers if one for the same specifier already exists.")
 784
 785 (defvar *alien-callback-trampolines* (make-array 32 :fill-pointer 0 :adjustable t)
 786   "Lisp trampoline store: assembler wrappers contain indexes to this, and
 787 ENTER-ALIEN-CALLBACK pulls the corresponsing trampoline out and calls it.")
 788
 789 (defun %alien-callback-sap (specifier result-type argument-types function wrapper)
 790   (let ((key (cons specifier function)))
 791     (or (gethash key *alien-callbacks*)
 792         (setf (gethash key *alien-callbacks*)
 793               (let* ((index (fill-pointer *alien-callback-trampolines*))
 794                      ;; Aside from the INDEX this is known at
 795                      ;; compile-time, which could be utilized by
 796                      ;; having the two-stage assembler tramp &
 797                      ;; wrapper mentioned in [1] above: only the
 798                      ;; per-function tramp would need assembler at
 799                      ;; runtime. Possibly we could even pregenerate
 800                      ;; the code and just patch the index in later.
 801                      (assembler-wrapper (alien-callback-assembler-wrapper
 802                                          index result-type argument-types)))
 803                 (vector-push-extend
 804                  (alien-callback-lisp-trampoline wrapper function)
 805                  *alien-callback-trampolines*)
 806                 ;; Assembler-wrapper is static, so sap-taking is safe.
 807                 (let ((sap (vector-sap assembler-wrapper)))
 808                   (push (cons sap (make-callback-info :specifier specifier
 809                                                       :function function
 810                                                       :wrapper wrapper
 811                                                       :index index))
 812                         *alien-callback-info*)
 813                   sap))))))
 814
 815 (defun alien-callback-lisp-trampoline (wrapper function)
 816   (declare (function wrapper) (optimize speed))
 817   (lambda (args-pointer result-pointer)
 818     (funcall wrapper args-pointer result-pointer function)))
 819
 820 (defun alien-callback-lisp-wrapper-lambda (specifier result-type argument-types env)
 821   (let* ((arguments (make-gensym-list (length argument-types)))
 822          (argument-names arguments)
 823          (argument-specs (cddr specifier)))
 824     `(lambda (args-pointer result-pointer function)
 825        ;; FIXME: the saps are not gc safe
 826        (let ((args-sap (int-sap
 827                         (sb!kernel:get-lisp-obj-address args-pointer)))
 828              (res-sap (int-sap
 829                        (sb!kernel:get-lisp-obj-address result-pointer))))
 830          (declare (ignorable args-sap res-sap))
 831          (with-alien
 832              ,(loop
 833                  with offset = 0
 834                  for spec in argument-specs
 835                  collect `(,(pop argument-names) ,spec
 836                             :local ,(alien-callback-accessor-form
 837                                      spec 'args-sap offset))
 838                  do (incf offset (alien-callback-argument-bytes spec env)))
 839            ,(flet ((store (spec)
 840                           (if spec
 841                               `(setf (deref (sap-alien res-sap (* ,spec)))
 842                                      (funcall function ,@arguments))
 843                               `(funcall function ,@arguments))))
 844                   (cond ((alien-void-type-p result-type)
 845                          (store nil))
 846                         ((alien-integer-type-p result-type)
 847                          (if (alien-integer-type-signed result-type)
 848                              (store `(signed
 849                                       ,(alien-type-word-aligned-bits result-type)))
 850                              (store
 851                               `(unsigned
 852                                 ,(alien-type-word-aligned-bits result-type)))))
 853                         (t
 854                          (store (unparse-alien-type result-type)))))))
 855        (values))))
 856
 857 (defun invalid-alien-callback (&rest arguments)
 858   (declare (ignore arguments))
 859   (error "Invalid alien callback called."))
 860
 861
 862 (defun parse-callback-specification (result-type lambda-list)
 863   (values
 864    `(function ,result-type ,@(mapcar #'second lambda-list))
 865    (mapcar #'first lambda-list)))
 866
 867
 868 (defun parse-alien-ftype (specifier env)
 869   (destructuring-bind (function result-type &rest argument-types)
 870       specifier
 871     (aver (eq 'function function))
 872     (values (let ((*values-type-okay* t))
 873               (parse-alien-type result-type env))
 874             (mapcar (lambda (spec)
 875                       (parse-alien-type spec env))
 876                     argument-types))))
 877
 878 (defun alien-void-type-p (type)
 879   (and (alien-values-type-p type) (not (alien-values-type-values type))))
 880
 881 (defun alien-type-word-aligned-bits (type)
 882   (align-offset (alien-type-bits type) sb!vm:n-word-bits))
 883
 884 (defun alien-callback-argument-bytes (spec env)
 885   (let ((type (parse-alien-type spec env)))
 886     (if (or (alien-integer-type-p type)
 887             (alien-float-type-p type)
 888             (alien-pointer-type-p type)
 889             (alien-system-area-pointer-type-p type))
 890         (ceiling (alien-type-word-aligned-bits type) sb!vm:n-byte-bits)
 891         (error "Unsupported callback argument type: ~A" type))))
 892
 893 (defun enter-alien-callback (index return arguments)
 894   (funcall (aref *alien-callback-trampolines* index)
 895            return
 896            arguments))
 897
 898 ;;; To ensure that callback wrapper functions continue working even
 899 ;;; if #'ENTER-ALIEN-CALLBACK moves in memory, access to it is indirected
 900 ;;; through the *ENTER-ALIEN-CALLBACK* static symbol. -- JES, 2006-01-01
 901 (defvar *enter-alien-callback* #'enter-alien-callback)
 902
 903 ;;;; interface (not public, yet) for alien callbacks
 904
 905 (defmacro alien-callback (specifier function &environment env)
 906   "Returns an alien-value with of alien ftype SPECIFIER, that can be passed to
 907 an alien function as a pointer to the FUNCTION. If a callback for the given
 908 SPECIFIER and FUNCTION already exists, it is returned instead of consing a new
 909 one."
 910   ;; Pull out as much work as is convenient to macro-expansion time, specifically
 911   ;; everything that can be done given just the SPECIFIER and ENV.
 912   (multiple-value-bind (result-type argument-types) (parse-alien-ftype specifier env)
 913     `(%sap-alien
 914       (%alien-callback-sap ',specifier ',result-type ',argument-types
 915                            ,function
 916                            (or (gethash ',specifier *alien-callback-wrappers*)
 917                                (setf (gethash ',specifier *alien-callback-wrappers*)
 918                                      (compile nil
 919                                               ',(alien-callback-lisp-wrapper-lambda
 920                                                  specifier result-type argument-types env)))))
 921       ',(parse-alien-type specifier env))))
 922
 923 (defun alien-callback-p (alien)
 924   "Returns true if the alien is associated with a lisp-side callback,
 925 and a secondary return value of true if the callback is still valid."
 926   (let ((info (alien-callback-info alien)))
 927     (when info
 928       (values t (and (callback-info-function info) t)))))
 929
 930 (defun alien-callback-function (alien)
 931   "Returns the lisp function designator associated with the callback."
 932   (let ((info (alien-callback-info alien)))
 933     (when info
 934       (callback-info-function info))))
 935
 936 (defun (setf alien-callback-function) (function alien)
 937   "Changes the lisp function designated by the callback."
 938   (let ((info (alien-callback-info alien)))
 939     (unless info
 940       (error "Not an alien callback: ~S" alien))
 941     ;; sap cache
 942     (let ((key (callback-info-key info)))
 943       (remhash key *alien-callbacks*)
 944       (setf (gethash key *alien-callbacks*) (alien-sap alien)))
 945     ;; trampoline
 946     (setf (aref *alien-callback-trampolines* (callback-info-index info))
 947           (alien-callback-lisp-trampoline (callback-info-wrapper info) function))
 948     ;; metadata
 949     (setf (callback-info-function info) function)
 950     function))
 951
 952 (defun invalidate-alien-callback (alien)
 953   "Invalidates the callback designated by the alien, if any, allowing the
 954 associated lisp function to be GC'd, and causing further calls to the same
 955 callback signal an error."
 956   (let ((info (alien-callback-info alien)))
 957     (when (and info (callback-info-function info))
 958       ;; sap cache
 959       (remhash (callback-info-key info) *alien-callbacks*)
 960       ;; trampoline
 961       (setf (aref *alien-callback-trampolines* (callback-info-index info))
 962             #'invalid-alien-callback)
 963       ;; metadata
 964       (setf (callback-info-function info) nil)
 965       t)))
 966
 967 ;;; FIXME: This call assembles a new callback for every closure,
 968 ;;; which sucks hugely. ...not that I can think of an obvious
 969 ;;; solution. Possibly maybe we could write a generalized closure
 970 ;;; callback analogous to closure_tramp, and share the actual wrapper?
 971 ;;;
 972 ;;; For lambdas that result in simple-funs we get the callback from
 973 ;;; the cache on subsequent calls.
 974 (defmacro alien-lambda (result-type typed-lambda-list &body forms)
 975   (multiple-value-bind (specifier lambda-list)
 976       (parse-callback-specification result-type typed-lambda-list)
 977     `(alien-callback ,specifier (lambda ,lambda-list ,@forms))))
 978
 979 ;;; FIXME: Should subsequent (SETF FDEFINITION) affect the callback or not?
 980 ;;; What about subsequent DEFINE-ALIEN-CALLBACKs? My guess is that changing
 981 ;;; the FDEFINITION should invalidate the callback, and redefining the
 982 ;;; callback should change existing callbacks to point to the new defintion.
 983 (defmacro define-alien-callback (name result-type typed-lambda-list &body forms)
 984   "Defines #'NAME as a function with the given body and lambda-list, and NAME as
 985 the alien callback for that function with the given alien type."
 986   (declare (symbol name))
 987   (multiple-value-bind (specifier lambda-list)
 988       (parse-callback-specification result-type typed-lambda-list)
 989     `(progn
 990        (defun ,name ,lambda-list ,@forms)
 991        (defparameter ,name (alien-callback ,specifier #',name)))))