qemu-io.c

   1 /*
   2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
   5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   6  *
   7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
   8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   9  */
  10
  11 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  12 #include <getopt.h>
  13 #include <libgen.h>
  14
  15 #include "qapi/error.h"
  16 #include "qemu-io.h"
  17 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
  18 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
  19 #include "qemu/option.h"
  20 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
  21 #include "qemu/readline.h"
  22 #include "qemu/log.h"
  23 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
  24 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
  25 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
  26 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
  27 #include "block/block_int.h"
  28 #include "trace/control.h"
  29 #include "crypto/init.h"
  30 #include "qemu-version.h"
  31
  32 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
  33
  34 static char *progname;
  35
  36 static BlockBackend *qemuio_blk;
  37
  38 /* qemu-io commands passed using -c */
  39 static int ncmdline;
  40 static char **cmdline;
  41 static bool imageOpts;
  42
  43 static ReadLineState *readline_state;
  44
  45 static int close_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
  46 {
  47     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
  48     qemuio_blk = NULL;
  49     return 0;
  50 }
  51
  52 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
  53     .name       = "close",
  54     .altname    = "c",
  55     .cfunc      = close_f,
  56     .oneline    = "close the current open file",
  57 };
  58
  59 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, bool writethrough, bool force_share,
  60                     QDict *opts)
  61 {
  62     Error *local_err = NULL;
  63
  64     if (qemuio_blk) {
  65         error_report("file open already, try 'help close'");
  66         QDECREF(opts);
  67         return 1;
  68     }
  69
  70     if (force_share) {
  71         if (!opts) {
  72             opts = qdict_new();
  73         }
  74         if (qdict_haskey(opts, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE)
  75             && !qdict_get_bool(opts, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE)) {
  76             error_report("-U conflicts with image options");
  77             QDECREF(opts);
  78             return 1;
  79         }
  80         qdict_put_bool(opts, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, true);
  81     }
  82     qemuio_blk = blk_new_open(name, NULL, opts, flags, &local_err);
  83     if (!qemuio_blk) {
  84         error_reportf_err(local_err, "can't open%s%s: ",
  85                           name ? " device " : "", name ?: "");
  86         return 1;
  87     }
  88
  89     blk_set_enable_write_cache(qemuio_blk, !writethrough);
  90
  91     return 0;
  92 }
  93
  94 static void open_help(void)
  95 {
  96     printf(
  97 "\n"
  98 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
  99 "\n"
 100 " Example:\n"
 101 " 'open -n -o driver=raw /tmp/data' - opens raw data file read-write, uncached\n"
 102 "\n"
 103 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
 104 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
 105 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
 106 " -C, -- use copy-on-read\n"
 107 " -n, -- disable host cache, short for -t none\n"
 108 " -U, -- force shared permissions\n"
 109 " -k, -- use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
 110 " -t, -- use the given cache mode for the image\n"
 111 " -d, -- use the given discard mode for the image\n"
 112 " -o, -- options to be given to the block driver"
 113 "\n");
 114 }
 115
 116 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
 117
 118 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
 119     .name       = "open",
 120     .altname    = "o",
 121     .cfunc      = open_f,
 122     .argmin     = 1,
 123     .argmax     = -1,
 124     .flags      = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
 125     .args       = "[-rsCnkU] [-t cache] [-d discard] [-o options] [path]",
 126     .oneline    = "open the file specified by path",
 127     .help       = open_help,
 128 };
 129
 130 static QemuOptsList empty_opts = {
 131     .name = "drive",
 132     .merge_lists = true,
 133     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(empty_opts.head),
 134     .desc = {
 135         /* no elements => accept any params */
 136         { /* end of list */ }
 137     },
 138 };
 139
 140 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 141 {
 142     int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
 143     int readonly = 0;
 144     bool writethrough = true;
 145     int c;
 146     QemuOpts *qopts;
 147     QDict *opts;
 148     bool force_share = false;
 149
 150     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snCro:kt:d:U")) != -1) {
 151         switch (c) {
 152         case 's':
 153             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 154             break;
 155         case 'n':
 156             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 157             writethrough = false;
 158             break;
 159         case 'C':
 160             flags |= BDRV_O_COPY_ON_READ;
 161             break;
 162         case 'r':
 163             readonly = 1;
 164             break;
 165         case 'k':
 166             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
 167             break;
 168         case 't':
 169             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
 170                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
 171                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 172                 return 0;
 173             }
 174             break;
 175         case 'd':
 176             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
 177                 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
 178                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 179                 return 0;
 180             }
 181             break;
 182         case 'o':
 183             if (imageOpts) {
 184                 printf("--image-opts and 'open -o' are mutually exclusive\n");
 185                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 186                 return 0;
 187             }
 188             if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, optarg, false)) {
 189                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 190                 return 0;
 191             }
 192             break;
 193         case 'U':
 194             force_share = true;
 195             break;
 196         default:
 197             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 198             return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 199         }
 200     }
 201
 202     if (!readonly) {
 203         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 204     }
 205
 206     if (imageOpts && (optind == argc - 1)) {
 207         if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, argv[optind], false)) {
 208             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 209             return 0;
 210         }
 211         optind++;
 212     }
 213
 214     qopts = qemu_opts_find(&empty_opts, NULL);
 215     opts = qopts ? qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL) : NULL;
 216     qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 217
 218     if (optind == argc - 1) {
 219         openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough, force_share, opts);
 220     } else if (optind == argc) {
 221         openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, force_share, opts);
 222     } else {
 223         QDECREF(opts);
 224         qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 225     }
 226     return 0;
 227 }
 228
 229 static int quit_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 230 {
 231     return 1;
 232 }
 233
 234 static const cmdinfo_t quit_cmd = {
 235     .name       = "quit",
 236     .altname    = "q",
 237     .cfunc      = quit_f,
 238     .argmin     = -1,
 239     .argmax     = -1,
 240     .flags      = CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL,
 241     .oneline    = "exit the program",
 242 };
 243
 244 static void usage(const char *name)
 245 {
 246     printf(
 247 "Usage: %s [OPTIONS]... [-c STRING]... [file]\n"
 248 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
 249 "\n"
 250 "  --object OBJECTDEF   define an object such as 'secret' for\n"
 251 "                       passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
 252 "  --image-opts         treat file as option string\n"
 253 "  -c, --cmd STRING     execute command with its arguments\n"
 254 "                       from the given string\n"
 255 "  -f, --format FMT     specifies the block driver to use\n"
 256 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
 257 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
 258 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache, short for -t none\n"
 259 "  -C, --copy-on-read   enable copy-on-read\n"
 260 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
 261 "  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
 262 "  -t, --cache=MODE     use the given cache mode for the image\n"
 263 "  -d, --discard=MODE   use the given discard mode for the image\n"
 264 "  -T, --trace [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
 265 "                       specify tracing options\n"
 266 "                       see qemu-img(1) man page for full description\n"
 267 "  -U, --force-share    force shared permissions\n"
 268 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
 269 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
 270 "\n"
 271 "See '%s -c help' for information on available commands.\n"
 272 "\n"
 273 QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n",
 274     name, name);
 275 }
 276
 277 static char *get_prompt(void)
 278 {
 279     static char prompt[FILENAME_MAX + 2 /*"> "*/ + 1 /*"\0"*/ ];
 280
 281     if (!prompt[0]) {
 282         snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt), "%s> ", progname);
 283     }
 284
 285     return prompt;
 286 }
 287
 288 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) readline_printf_func(void *opaque,
 289                                                     const char *fmt, ...)
 290 {
 291     va_list ap;
 292     va_start(ap, fmt);
 293     vprintf(fmt, ap);
 294     va_end(ap);
 295 }
 296
 297 static void readline_flush_func(void *opaque)
 298 {
 299     fflush(stdout);
 300 }
 301
 302 static void readline_func(void *opaque, const char *str, void *readline_opaque)
 303 {
 304     char **line = readline_opaque;
 305     *line = g_strdup(str);
 306 }
 307
 308 static void completion_match(const char *cmd, void *opaque)
 309 {
 310     readline_add_completion(readline_state, cmd);
 311 }
 312
 313 static void readline_completion_func(void *opaque, const char *str)
 314 {
 315     readline_set_completion_index(readline_state, strlen(str));
 316     qemuio_complete_command(str, completion_match, NULL);
 317 }
 318
 319 static char *fetchline_readline(void)
 320 {
 321     char *line = NULL;
 322
 323     readline_start(readline_state, get_prompt(), 0, readline_func, &line);
 324     while (!line) {
 325         int ch = getchar();
 326         if (ch == EOF) {
 327             break;
 328         }
 329         readline_handle_byte(readline_state, ch);
 330     }
 331     return line;
 332 }
 333
 334 #define MAXREADLINESZ 1024
 335 static char *fetchline_fgets(void)
 336 {
 337     char *p, *line = g_malloc(MAXREADLINESZ);
 338
 339     if (!fgets(line, MAXREADLINESZ, stdin)) {
 340         g_free(line);
 341         return NULL;
 342     }
 343
 344     p = line + strlen(line);
 345     if (p != line && p[-1] == '\n') {
 346         p[-1] = '\0';
 347     }
 348
 349     return line;
 350 }
 351
 352 static char *fetchline(void)
 353 {
 354     if (readline_state) {
 355         return fetchline_readline();
 356     } else {
 357         return fetchline_fgets();
 358     }
 359 }
 360
 361 static void prep_fetchline(void *opaque)
 362 {
 363     int *fetchable = opaque;
 364
 365     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 366     *fetchable= 1;
 367 }
 368
 369 static void command_loop(void)
 370 {
 371     int i, done = 0, fetchable = 0, prompted = 0;
 372     char *input;
 373
 374     for (i = 0; !done && i < ncmdline; i++) {
 375         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, cmdline[i]);
 376     }
 377     if (cmdline) {
 378         g_free(cmdline);
 379         return;
 380     }
 381
 382     while (!done) {
 383         if (!prompted) {
 384             printf("%s", get_prompt());
 385             fflush(stdout);
 386             qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, prep_fetchline, NULL, &fetchable);
 387             prompted = 1;
 388         }
 389
 390         main_loop_wait(false);
 391
 392         if (!fetchable) {
 393             continue;
 394         }
 395
 396         input = fetchline();
 397         if (input == NULL) {
 398             break;
 399         }
 400         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, input);
 401         g_free(input);
 402
 403         prompted = 0;
 404         fetchable = 0;
 405     }
 406     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 407 }
 408
 409 static void add_user_command(char *optarg)
 410 {
 411     cmdline = g_renew(char *, cmdline, ++ncmdline);
 412     cmdline[ncmdline-1] = optarg;
 413 }
 414
 415 static void reenable_tty_echo(void)
 416 {
 417     qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, true);
 418 }
 419
 420 enum {
 421     OPTION_OBJECT = 256,
 422     OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 257,
 423 };
 424
 425 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
 426     .name = "object",
 427     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
 428     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
 429     .desc = {
 430         { }
 431     },
 432 };
 433
 434
 435 static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
 436     .name = "file",
 437     .implied_opt_name = "file",
 438     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(file_opts.head),
 439     .desc = {
 440         /* no elements => accept any params */
 441         { /* end of list */ }
 442     },
 443 };
 444
 445 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 446 {
 447     int readonly = 0;
 448     const char *sopt = "hVc:d:f:rsnCmkt:T:U";
 449     const struct option lopt[] = {
 450         { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
 451         { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
 452         { "cmd", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
 453         { "format", required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
 454         { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
 455         { "snapshot", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
 456         { "nocache", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
 457         { "copy-on-read", no_argument, NULL, 'C' },
 458         { "misalign", no_argument, NULL, 'm' },
 459         { "native-aio", no_argument, NULL, 'k' },
 460         { "discard", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
 461         { "cache", required_argument, NULL, 't' },
 462         { "trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
 463         { "object", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_OBJECT },
 464         { "image-opts", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS },
 465         { "force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
 466         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
 467     };
 468     int c;
 469     int opt_index = 0;
 470     int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
 471     bool writethrough = true;
 472     Error *local_error = NULL;
 473     QDict *opts = NULL;
 474     const char *format = NULL;
 475     char *trace_file = NULL;
 476     bool force_share = false;
 477
 478 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
 479     signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 480 #endif
 481
 482     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
 483     progname = basename(argv[0]);
 484     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
 485
 486     qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
 487
 488     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
 489     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
 490     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
 491     bdrv_init();
 492
 493     while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
 494         switch (c) {
 495         case 's':
 496             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 497             break;
 498         case 'n':
 499             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 500             writethrough = false;
 501             break;
 502         case 'C':
 503             flags |= BDRV_O_COPY_ON_READ;
 504             break;
 505         case 'd':
 506             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
 507                 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
 508                 exit(1);
 509             }
 510             break;
 511         case 'f':
 512             format = optarg;
 513             break;
 514         case 'c':
 515             add_user_command(optarg);
 516             break;
 517         case 'r':
 518             readonly = 1;
 519             break;
 520         case 'm':
 521             qemuio_misalign = true;
 522             break;
 523         case 'k':
 524             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
 525             break;
 526         case 't':
 527             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
 528                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
 529                 exit(1);
 530             }
 531             break;
 532         case 'T':
 533             g_free(trace_file);
 534             trace_file = trace_opt_parse(optarg);
 535             break;
 536         case 'V':
 537             printf("%s version " QEMU_VERSION QEMU_PKGVERSION "\n"
 538                    QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n", progname);
 539             exit(0);
 540         case 'h':
 541             usage(progname);
 542             exit(0);
 543         case 'U':
 544             force_share = true;
 545             break;
 546         case OPTION_OBJECT: {
 547             QemuOpts *qopts;
 548             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
 549                                             optarg, true);
 550             if (!qopts) {
 551                 exit(1);
 552             }
 553         }   break;
 554         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
 555             imageOpts = true;
 556             break;
 557         default:
 558             usage(progname);
 559             exit(1);
 560         }
 561     }
 562
 563     if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
 564         usage(progname);
 565         exit(1);
 566     }
 567
 568     if (format && imageOpts) {
 569         error_report("--image-opts and -f are mutually exclusive");
 570         exit(1);
 571     }
 572
 573     if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
 574         error_report_err(local_error);
 575         exit(1);
 576     }
 577
 578     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
 579                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
 580                           NULL, NULL)) {
 581         exit(1);
 582     }
 583
 584     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
 585         exit(1);
 586     }
 587     trace_init_file(trace_file);
 588     qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE);
 589
 590     /* initialize commands */
 591     qemuio_add_command(&quit_cmd);
 592     qemuio_add_command(&open_cmd);
 593     qemuio_add_command(&close_cmd);
 594
 595     if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
 596         readline_state = readline_init(readline_printf_func,
 597                                        readline_flush_func,
 598                                        NULL,
 599                                        readline_completion_func);
 600         qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, false);
 601         atexit(reenable_tty_echo);
 602     }
 603
 604     /* open the device */
 605     if (!readonly) {
 606         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 607     }
 608
 609     if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
 610         if (imageOpts) {
 611             QemuOpts *qopts = NULL;
 612             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&file_opts, argv[optind], false);
 613             if (!qopts) {
 614                 exit(1);
 615             }
 616             opts = qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL);
 617             if (openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, force_share, opts)) {
 618                 exit(1);
 619             }
 620         } else {
 621             if (format) {
 622                 opts = qdict_new();
 623                 qdict_put_str(opts, "driver", format);
 624             }
 625             if (openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough,
 626                          force_share, opts)) {
 627                 exit(1);
 628             }
 629         }
 630     }
 631     command_loop();
 632
 633     /*
 634      * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits.
 635      */
 636     bdrv_drain_all();
 637
 638     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
 639     g_free(readline_state);
 640     return 0;
 641 }