blockdev.c

   1 /*
   2  * QEMU host block devices
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
   5  *
   6  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or
   7  * later.  See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   8  */
   9
  10 #include "block.h"
  11 #include "blockdev.h"
  12 #include "monitor.h"
  13 #include "qerror.h"
  14 #include "qemu-option.h"
  15 #include "qemu-config.h"
  16 #include "sysemu.h"
  17
  18 DriveInfo *extboot_drive = NULL;
  19
  20 static QTAILQ_HEAD(drivelist, DriveInfo) drives = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(drives);
  21
  22 /*
  23  * We automatically delete the drive when a device using it gets
  24  * unplugged.  Questionable feature, but we can't just drop it.
  25  * Device models call blockdev_mark_auto_del() to schedule the
  26  * automatic deletion, and generic qdev code calls blockdev_auto_del()
  27  * when deletion is actually safe.
  28  */
  29 void blockdev_mark_auto_del(BlockDriverState *bs)
  30 {
  31     DriveInfo *dinfo = drive_get_by_blockdev(bs);
  32
  33     dinfo->auto_del = 1;
  34 }
  35
  36 void blockdev_auto_del(BlockDriverState *bs)
  37 {
  38     DriveInfo *dinfo = drive_get_by_blockdev(bs);
  39
  40     if (dinfo->auto_del) {
  41         drive_uninit(dinfo);
  42     }
  43 }
  44
  45 QemuOpts *drive_add(const char *file, const char *fmt, ...)
  46 {
  47     va_list ap;
  48     char optstr[1024];
  49     QemuOpts *opts;
  50
  51     va_start(ap, fmt);
  52     vsnprintf(optstr, sizeof(optstr), fmt, ap);
  53     va_end(ap);
  54
  55     opts = qemu_opts_parse(qemu_find_opts("drive"), optstr, 0);
  56     if (!opts) {
  57         return NULL;
  58     }
  59     if (file)
  60         qemu_opt_set(opts, "file", file);
  61     return opts;
  62 }
  63
  64 DriveInfo *drive_get(BlockInterfaceType type, int bus, int unit)
  65 {
  66     DriveInfo *dinfo;
  67
  68     /* seek interface, bus and unit */
  69
  70     QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) {
  71         if (dinfo->type == type &&
  72             dinfo->bus == bus &&
  73             dinfo->unit == unit)
  74             return dinfo;
  75     }
  76
  77     return NULL;
  78 }
  79
  80 int drive_get_max_bus(BlockInterfaceType type)
  81 {
  82     int max_bus;
  83     DriveInfo *dinfo;
  84
  85     max_bus = -1;
  86     QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) {
  87         if(dinfo->type == type &&
  88            dinfo->bus > max_bus)
  89             max_bus = dinfo->bus;
  90     }
  91     return max_bus;
  92 }
  93
  94 DriveInfo *drive_get_by_blockdev(BlockDriverState *bs)
  95 {
  96     DriveInfo *dinfo;
  97
  98     QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) {
  99         if (dinfo->bdrv == bs) {
 100             return dinfo;
 101         }
 102     }
 103     return NULL;
 104 }
 105
 106 static void bdrv_format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
 107 {
 108     fprintf(stderr, " %s", name);
 109 }
 110
 111 void drive_uninit(DriveInfo *dinfo)
 112 {
 113     qemu_opts_del(dinfo->opts);
 114     bdrv_delete(dinfo->bdrv);
 115     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&drives, dinfo, next);
 116     qemu_free(dinfo);
 117 }
 118
 119 static int parse_block_error_action(const char *buf, int is_read)
 120 {
 121     if (!strcmp(buf, "ignore")) {
 122         return BLOCK_ERR_IGNORE;
 123     } else if (!is_read && !strcmp(buf, "enospc")) {
 124         return BLOCK_ERR_STOP_ENOSPC;
 125     } else if (!strcmp(buf, "stop")) {
 126         return BLOCK_ERR_STOP_ANY;
 127     } else if (!strcmp(buf, "report")) {
 128         return BLOCK_ERR_REPORT;
 129     } else {
 130         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid %s error action\n",
 131             buf, is_read ? "read" : "write");
 132         return -1;
 133     }
 134 }
 135
 136 DriveInfo *drive_init(QemuOpts *opts, int default_to_scsi, int *fatal_error)
 137 {
 138     const char *buf;
 139     const char *file = NULL;
 140     char devname[128];
 141     const char *serial;
 142     const char *mediastr = "";
 143     BlockInterfaceType type;
 144     enum { MEDIA_DISK, MEDIA_CDROM } media;
 145     int bus_id, unit_id;
 146     int cyls, heads, secs, translation;
 147     BlockDriver *drv = NULL;
 148     int max_devs;
 149     int index;
 150     int ro = 0;
 151     int bdrv_flags = 0;
 152     int on_read_error, on_write_error;
 153     const char *devaddr;
 154     DriveInfo *dinfo;
 155     int is_extboot = 0;
 156     int snapshot = 0;
 157     int ret;
 158
 159     *fatal_error = 1;
 160
 161     translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO;
 162
 163     if (default_to_scsi) {
 164         type = IF_SCSI;
 165         max_devs = MAX_SCSI_DEVS;
 166         pstrcpy(devname, sizeof(devname), "scsi");
 167     } else {
 168         type = IF_IDE;
 169         max_devs = MAX_IDE_DEVS;
 170         pstrcpy(devname, sizeof(devname), "ide");
 171     }
 172     media = MEDIA_DISK;
 173
 174     /* extract parameters */
 175     bus_id  = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bus", 0);
 176     unit_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "unit", -1);
 177     index   = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "index", -1);
 178
 179     cyls  = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "cyls", 0);
 180     heads = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "heads", 0);
 181     secs  = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "secs", 0);
 182
 183     snapshot = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "snapshot", 0);
 184     ro = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "readonly", 0);
 185
 186     file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "file");
 187     serial = qemu_opt_get(opts, "serial");
 188
 189     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "if")) != NULL) {
 190         pstrcpy(devname, sizeof(devname), buf);
 191         if (!strcmp(buf, "ide")) {
 192             type = IF_IDE;
 193             max_devs = MAX_IDE_DEVS;
 194         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "scsi")) {
 195             type = IF_SCSI;
 196             max_devs = MAX_SCSI_DEVS;
 197         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "floppy")) {
 198             type = IF_FLOPPY;
 199             max_devs = 0;
 200         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "pflash")) {
 201             type = IF_PFLASH;
 202             max_devs = 0;
 203         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "mtd")) {
 204             type = IF_MTD;
 205             max_devs = 0;
 206         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "sd")) {
 207             type = IF_SD;
 208             max_devs = 0;
 209         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "virtio")) {
 210             type = IF_VIRTIO;
 211             max_devs = 0;
 212         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "xen")) {
 213             type = IF_XEN;
 214             max_devs = 0;
 215         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "none")) {
 216             type = IF_NONE;
 217             max_devs = 0;
 218         } else {
 219             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: unsupported bus type '%s'\n", buf);
 220             return NULL;
 221         }
 222     }
 223
 224     if (cyls || heads || secs) {
 225         if (cyls < 1 || (type == IF_IDE && cyls > 16383)) {
 226             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid physical cyls number\n", buf);
 227             return NULL;
 228         }
 229         if (heads < 1 || (type == IF_IDE && heads > 16)) {
 230             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid physical heads number\n", buf);
 231             return NULL;
 232         }
 233         if (secs < 1 || (type == IF_IDE && secs > 63)) {
 234             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid physical secs number\n", buf);
 235             return NULL;
 236         }
 237     }
 238
 239     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "trans")) != NULL) {
 240         if (!cyls) {
 241             fprintf(stderr,
 242                     "qemu: '%s' trans must be used with cyls,heads and secs\n",
 243                     buf);
 244             return NULL;
 245         }
 246         if (!strcmp(buf, "none"))
 247             translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_NONE;
 248         else if (!strcmp(buf, "lba"))
 249             translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_LBA;
 250         else if (!strcmp(buf, "auto"))
 251             translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO;
 252         else {
 253             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid translation type\n", buf);
 254             return NULL;
 255         }
 256     }
 257
 258     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "media")) != NULL) {
 259         if (!strcmp(buf, "disk")) {
 260             media = MEDIA_DISK;
 261         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "cdrom")) {
 262             if (cyls || secs || heads) {
 263                 fprintf(stderr,
 264                         "qemu: '%s' invalid physical CHS format\n", buf);
 265                 return NULL;
 266             }
 267             media = MEDIA_CDROM;
 268         } else {
 269             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid media\n", buf);
 270             return NULL;
 271         }
 272     }
 273
 274     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "cache")) != NULL) {
 275         if (!strcmp(buf, "off") || !strcmp(buf, "none")) {
 276             bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 277         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "writeback")) {
 278             bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
 279         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "unsafe")) {
 280             bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
 281             bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH;
 282         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "writethrough")) {
 283             /* this is the default */
 284         } else {
 285            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid cache option\n");
 286            return NULL;
 287         }
 288     }
 289
 290 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO
 291     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "aio")) != NULL) {
 292         if (!strcmp(buf, "native")) {
 293             bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
 294         } else if (!strcmp(buf, "threads")) {
 295             /* this is the default */
 296         } else {
 297            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid aio option\n");
 298            return NULL;
 299         }
 300     }
 301 #endif
 302
 303     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "format")) != NULL) {
 304        if (strcmp(buf, "?") == 0) {
 305             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Supported formats:");
 306             bdrv_iterate_format(bdrv_format_print, NULL);
 307             fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 308             return NULL;
 309         }
 310         drv = bdrv_find_whitelisted_format(buf);
 311         if (!drv) {
 312             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: '%s' invalid format\n", buf);
 313             return NULL;
 314         }
 315     }
 316
 317     is_extboot = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "boot", 0);
 318     if (is_extboot && extboot_drive) {
 319         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: two bootable drives specified\n");
 320         return NULL;
 321     }
 322
 323     on_write_error = BLOCK_ERR_STOP_ENOSPC;
 324     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "werror")) != NULL) {
 325         if (type != IF_IDE && type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_NONE) {
 326             fprintf(stderr, "werror is not supported by this format\n");
 327             return NULL;
 328         }
 329
 330         on_write_error = parse_block_error_action(buf, 0);
 331         if (on_write_error < 0) {
 332             return NULL;
 333         }
 334     }
 335
 336     on_read_error = BLOCK_ERR_REPORT;
 337     if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "rerror")) != NULL) {
 338         if (type != IF_IDE && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_NONE) {
 339             fprintf(stderr, "rerror is not supported by this format\n");
 340             return NULL;
 341         }
 342
 343         on_read_error = parse_block_error_action(buf, 1);
 344         if (on_read_error < 0) {
 345             return NULL;
 346         }
 347     }
 348
 349     if ((devaddr = qemu_opt_get(opts, "addr")) != NULL) {
 350         if (type != IF_VIRTIO) {
 351             fprintf(stderr, "addr is not supported\n");
 352             return NULL;
 353         }
 354     }
 355
 356     /* compute bus and unit according index */
 357
 358     if (index != -1) {
 359         if (bus_id != 0 || unit_id != -1) {
 360             fprintf(stderr,
 361                     "qemu: index cannot be used with bus and unit\n");
 362             return NULL;
 363         }
 364         if (max_devs == 0)
 365         {
 366             unit_id = index;
 367             bus_id = 0;
 368         } else {
 369             unit_id = index % max_devs;
 370             bus_id = index / max_devs;
 371         }
 372     }
 373
 374     /* if user doesn't specify a unit_id,
 375      * try to find the first free
 376      */
 377
 378     if (unit_id == -1) {
 379        unit_id = 0;
 380        while (drive_get(type, bus_id, unit_id) != NULL) {
 381            unit_id++;
 382            if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) {
 383                unit_id -= max_devs;
 384                bus_id++;
 385            }
 386        }
 387     }
 388
 389     /* check unit id */
 390
 391     if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) {
 392         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: unit %d too big (max is %d)\n",
 393                 unit_id, max_devs - 1);
 394         return NULL;
 395     }
 396
 397     /*
 398      * ignore multiple definitions
 399      */
 400
 401     if (drive_get(type, bus_id, unit_id) != NULL) {
 402         *fatal_error = 0;
 403         return NULL;
 404     }
 405
 406     /* init */
 407
 408     dinfo = qemu_mallocz(sizeof(*dinfo));
 409     if ((buf = qemu_opts_id(opts)) != NULL) {
 410         dinfo->id = qemu_strdup(buf);
 411     } else {
 412         /* no id supplied -> create one */
 413         dinfo->id = qemu_mallocz(32);
 414         if (type == IF_IDE || type == IF_SCSI)
 415             mediastr = (media == MEDIA_CDROM) ? "-cd" : "-hd";
 416         if (max_devs)
 417             snprintf(dinfo->id, 32, "%s%i%s%i",
 418                      devname, bus_id, mediastr, unit_id);
 419         else
 420             snprintf(dinfo->id, 32, "%s%s%i",
 421                      devname, mediastr, unit_id);
 422     }
 423     dinfo->bdrv = bdrv_new(dinfo->id);
 424     dinfo->devaddr = devaddr;
 425     dinfo->type = type;
 426     dinfo->bus = bus_id;
 427     dinfo->unit = unit_id;
 428     dinfo->opts = opts;
 429     if (serial)
 430         strncpy(dinfo->serial, serial, sizeof(dinfo->serial) - 1);
 431     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&drives, dinfo, next);
 432
 433     if (is_extboot) {
 434         extboot_drive = dinfo;
 435     }
 436
 437     bdrv_set_on_error(dinfo->bdrv, on_read_error, on_write_error);
 438
 439     switch(type) {
 440     case IF_IDE:
 441     case IF_SCSI:
 442     case IF_XEN:
 443     case IF_NONE:
 444         switch(media) {
 445         case MEDIA_DISK:
 446             if (cyls != 0) {
 447                 bdrv_set_geometry_hint(dinfo->bdrv, cyls, heads, secs);
 448                 bdrv_set_translation_hint(dinfo->bdrv, translation);
 449             }
 450             break;
 451         case MEDIA_CDROM:
 452             bdrv_set_type_hint(dinfo->bdrv, BDRV_TYPE_CDROM);
 453             break;
 454         }
 455         break;
 456     case IF_SD:
 457         /* FIXME: This isn't really a floppy, but it's a reasonable
 458            approximation.  */
 459     case IF_FLOPPY:
 460         bdrv_set_type_hint(dinfo->bdrv, BDRV_TYPE_FLOPPY);
 461         break;
 462     case IF_PFLASH:
 463     case IF_MTD:
 464         break;
 465     case IF_VIRTIO:
 466         /* add virtio block device */
 467         opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0);
 468         qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", "virtio-blk-pci");
 469         qemu_opt_set(opts, "drive", dinfo->id);
 470         if (devaddr)
 471             qemu_opt_set(opts, "addr", devaddr);
 472         break;
 473     case IF_COUNT:
 474         abort();
 475     }
 476     if (!file || !*file) {
 477         *fatal_error = 0;
 478         return NULL;
 479     }
 480     if (snapshot) {
 481         /* always use cache=unsafe with snapshot */
 482         bdrv_flags &= ~BDRV_O_CACHE_MASK;
 483         bdrv_flags |= (BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT|BDRV_O_CACHE_WB|BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH);
 484     }
 485
 486     if (media == MEDIA_CDROM) {
 487         /* CDROM is fine for any interface, don't check.  */
 488         ro = 1;
 489     } else if (ro == 1) {
 490         if (type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_FLOPPY && type != IF_NONE) {
 491             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: readonly flag not supported for drive with this interface\n");
 492             return NULL;
 493         }
 494     }
 495
 496     bdrv_flags |= ro ? 0 : BDRV_O_RDWR;
 497
 498     ret = bdrv_open(dinfo->bdrv, file, bdrv_flags, drv);
 499     if (ret < 0) {
 500         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open disk image %s: %s\n",
 501                         file, strerror(-ret));
 502         return NULL;
 503     }
 504
 505     if (bdrv_key_required(dinfo->bdrv))
 506         autostart = 0;
 507     *fatal_error = 0;
 508     return dinfo;
 509 }
 510
 511 void do_commit(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 512 {
 513     const char *device = qdict_get_str(qdict, "device");
 514     BlockDriverState *bs;
 515
 516     if (!strcmp(device, "all")) {
 517         bdrv_commit_all();
 518     } else {
 519         bs = bdrv_find(device);
 520         if (!bs) {
 521             qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
 522             return;
 523         }
 524         bdrv_commit(bs);
 525     }
 526 }
 527
 528 static int eject_device(Monitor *mon, BlockDriverState *bs, int force)
 529 {
 530     if (!force) {
 531         if (!bdrv_is_removable(bs)) {
 532             qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_REMOVABLE,
 533                            bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
 534             return -1;
 535         }
 536         if (bdrv_is_locked(bs)) {
 537             qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_LOCKED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
 538             return -1;
 539         }
 540     }
 541     bdrv_close(bs);
 542     return 0;
 543 }
 544
 545 int do_eject(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data)
 546 {
 547     BlockDriverState *bs;
 548     int force = qdict_get_try_bool(qdict, "force", 0);
 549     const char *filename = qdict_get_str(qdict, "device");
 550
 551     bs = bdrv_find(filename);
 552     if (!bs) {
 553         qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, filename);
 554         return -1;
 555     }
 556     return eject_device(mon, bs, force);
 557 }
 558
 559 int do_block_set_passwd(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict,
 560                         QObject **ret_data)
 561 {
 562     BlockDriverState *bs;
 563     int err;
 564
 565     bs = bdrv_find(qdict_get_str(qdict, "device"));
 566     if (!bs) {
 567         qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, qdict_get_str(qdict, "device"));
 568         return -1;
 569     }
 570
 571     err = bdrv_set_key(bs, qdict_get_str(qdict, "password"));
 572     if (err == -EINVAL) {
 573         qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_ENCRYPTED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs));
 574         return -1;
 575     } else if (err < 0) {
 576         qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PASSWORD);
 577         return -1;
 578     }
 579
 580     return 0;
 581 }
 582
 583 int do_change_block(Monitor *mon, const char *device,
 584                     const char *filename, const char *fmt)
 585 {
 586     BlockDriverState *bs;
 587     BlockDriver *drv = NULL;
 588     int bdrv_flags;
 589
 590     bs = bdrv_find(device);
 591     if (!bs) {
 592         qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device);
 593         return -1;
 594     }
 595     if (fmt) {
 596         drv = bdrv_find_whitelisted_format(fmt);
 597         if (!drv) {
 598             qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, fmt);
 599             return -1;
 600         }
 601     }
 602     if (eject_device(mon, bs, 0) < 0) {
 603         return -1;
 604     }
 605     bdrv_flags = bdrv_is_read_only(bs) ? 0 : BDRV_O_RDWR;
 606     bdrv_flags |= bdrv_is_snapshot(bs) ? BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT : 0;
 607     if (bdrv_open(bs, filename, bdrv_flags, drv) < 0) {
 608         qerror_report(QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, filename);
 609         return -1;
 610     }
 611     return monitor_read_bdrv_key_start(mon, bs, NULL, NULL);
 612 }